acetazolamide 500 mg Capsule, 100-count — NDC 70710-1591-4 (Billing 70710-1591-04)

Glossary — plain-language definitions of medical terms used in this label:

contraindicated: Should not be used in that situation, because the risk is considered too high.

Absorption: How a medicine moves from where it is taken, such as the stomach or gut, into the bloodstream.

adjuvant: Extra treatment given after the main treatment to lower the chance that the cancer comes back.

Adverse Reactions: Unwanted or harmful effects that people experienced while taking a medicine, listed on its official label.

agranulocytosis: A severe drop in a certain type of infection-fighting white blood cell, greatly raising the risk of serious infections.

anaphylaxis: A sudden, severe, whole-body allergic reaction that can cause trouble breathing, swelling, and a drop in blood pressure, needing emergency care.

anemia: A low level of red blood cells or the oxygen-carrying protein inside them, which can cause tiredness, weakness, and paleness.

anorexia: Loss of appetite, or not feeling hungry (on a drug label this means reduced appetite, not the eating disorder).

antidote: A treatment that reverses or counteracts the effects of a specific medicine or poison.

aplastic anemia: A serious condition where the bone marrow stops making enough new blood cells.

ataxia: Loss of muscle coordination that makes walking, balance, and controlled movements clumsy or unsteady.

bacteriostatic: Describes a medicine that stops bacteria from multiplying so the body's own defenses can clear them.

baseline: A person's starting condition, measured before treatment begins, used to see how much they change later on.

Bioavailability: The share of a dose that actually reaches the bloodstream and is able to have an effect.

CBC: A common blood test that measures red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

cirrhosis: Long-term scarring of the liver that gradually replaces healthy tissue and reduces how well the liver works.

Clinical Pharmacology: The label section explaining how a medicine works in the body and how the body processes it.

Contraindications: A list of situations or health conditions in which a medicine should not be used because the chance of harm is too high.

depression: A lasting low mood with loss of interest that affects everyday life.

diarrhea: Loose, watery bowel movements that happen more often than normal.

Distribution: How a medicine spreads from the blood into the body's tissues and organs after it is absorbed.

Dosage and Administration: The label section explaining how much of a medicine to use and how to take or give it.

Drug Interactions: The label section listing other medicines, foods, or substances that can change how a medicine works or raise the chance of side effects.

edema: Swelling caused by extra fluid trapped in the body's tissues.

electrolyte: A mineral in the blood and body fluids, such as sodium, potassium, or calcium, that carries a small electric charge and helps the body work.

encephalopathy: Any condition that affects how the brain works, causing confusion, memory problems, or changes in alertness.

enzyme inhibitor: A substance that blocks or slows a body enzyme, which can let other medicines build up to higher levels.

erythema: Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow, often from irritation or inflammation.

erythema multiforme: A skin reaction with red, target-shaped spots, usually on the hands, arms, or face.

Excretion: How the body removes a medicine or its leftover pieces, mainly through the urine or stool.

extended-release: A pill or capsule made to release its medicine slowly over many hours, so it can be taken less often; often labeled ER or XR.

flushing: Temporary redness and warmth of the skin, often on the face and neck, from widening of small blood vessels.

glaucoma: An eye condition, often linked to high pressure inside the eye, that can slowly damage vision.

glycosuria: Sugar (glucose) in the urine, which often happens when blood sugar is high.

hematuria: Blood in the urine.

hemolytic anemia: A shortage of red blood cells caused by them breaking apart faster than the body can replace them.

hypersensitivity: An overreaction of the body's defense system to a substance, causing symptoms such as rash, swelling, or trouble breathing.

hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar, when the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood drops below the normal range.

hypokalemia: A lower-than-normal level of potassium, an important mineral, in the blood.

hyponatremia: A lower-than-normal level of sodium (salt) in the blood.

incidence: How often a new event, such as a side effect, happens in a group of people over a set period of time.

Indications and Usage: The label section stating which medical conditions the FDA has officially approved the medicine to treat, prevent, or manage.

inhibitor: A substance that blocks an enzyme or transporter, which can raise the levels of drugs it normally handles.

intraocular pressure: The fluid pressure inside the eye.

jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by too much bilirubin in the blood.

lethargy: A state of tiredness and sluggishness, often with slowed thinking or movement.

leukopenia: A low level of white blood cells, the cells that help the body fight off infections.

malaise: A general feeling of being unwell, uneasy, or low on energy, without one clear symptom.

melena: Black, sticky, tar-like stools caused by blood that has been digested higher up in the gut.

metabolic acidosis: A condition where too much acid builds up in the body's blood and fluids.

Metabolism: How the body chemically changes a medicine, usually in the liver, into other substances.

NDC: A unique number that identifies a specific medicine, its maker, strength, and package size.

nephrolithiasis: Kidney stones; hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys.

osteomalacia: Softening of the bones, often from low vitamin D, that can cause bone pain and weakness.

Overdosage: The label section describing what can happen if too much of a medicine is taken and how it may be treated.

pancytopenia: A low level of all three main blood cell types at once: red cells, white cells, and platelets.

parenteral: Given by injection or drip into the body rather than swallowed by mouth.

paresthesia: A tingling, prickling, or "pins and needles" feeling in the skin, often in the hands or feet.

photosensitivity: An unusually strong skin reaction, such as burning or rash, after being in sunlight or other ultraviolet light.

placebo: An inactive treatment with no real medicine in it, such as a sugar pill, used for comparison in a study.

placebo-controlled: Describes a study that compares people taking the real medicine against people taking a dummy pill with no active ingredient.

protein binding: How much of a medicine sticks to proteins in the blood instead of moving freely through the body.

pulmonary edema: A buildup of fluid in the lungs' air sacs that makes it hard to breathe.

purpura: Purple spots or patches on the skin caused by bleeding just under the surface.

refractory: Describing a disease that does not respond to, or improve with, treatment.

Rx only: A label marking meaning the medicine can be obtained only with a prescription from a licensed health professional.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome: A rare, serious reaction causing painful blistering and peeling of the skin and the moist linings of the mouth, eyes, and other areas.

tachypnea: Breathing that is faster than normal.

teratogenic: Able to cause physical birth defects in a developing baby when a medicine is taken during pregnancy.

tinnitus: Ringing, buzzing, or other noise in the ears that is not coming from an outside sound.

tolerance: When the body gets used to a medicine over time, so a larger dose is needed to get the same effect.

toxic epidermal necrolysis: A rare, life-threatening reaction in which large areas of the top layer of skin blister and peel away, like a severe burn.

urticaria: Raised, itchy welts on the skin, commonly called hives.