Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 6 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Natrol

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch label
See full label image
Gummy Or Jelly Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Cognium Complete Fruit Punch against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch is a dietary supplement by Natrol with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for morning sickness in pregnancy, premenstrual syndrome (pms), preventing or treating b6 deficiency.Based on those ingredients, 442 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Phosphatidylserine, Vitamin B6, Folic Acid. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Folate” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (333 mcg DFE) without saying how much of each component you get.

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch contains five active ingredients: Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Phosphatidylserine, Folic Acid, and Folate. The product is formulated as a gummy or jelly with inactive ingredients including organic cane sugar, organic tapioca syrup, pectin, citric acid, natural flavors, and carnauba wax, among others.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: memory and brain health support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Age-related cognitive decline, Attention, Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Cognitive function, Cognitive impairment, Dementia — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Phosphatidylserine is rated "Possibly Effective" for Age-related cognitive decline (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Folic Acid is rated "Possibly Effective" for Cognitive impairment.
  • Also on file: Vitamin B12 is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Age-related cognitive decline, Cognitive impairment.

Evidence for effectiveness varies by ingredient and use. Vitamin B6 is effective for sideroblastic anemia and vitamin B6 deficiency, and possibly effective for pregnancy-related nausea.

Vitamin B12 is effective for B12 deficiency. Folic acid is effective for folate deficiency and likely effective for preventing neural tube birth defects and treating methotrexate toxicity.

Phosphatidylserine is possibly effective for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, though evidence for other cognitive functions like ADHD and general cognitive function is insufficient. The evidence we hold does not establish effectiveness for athletic performance or dementia.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B6 Vitamin B12 Phosphatidylserine Folic Acid

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin B6 is generally well tolerated at doses under 100 mg daily, though high doses over time can damage nerves (sensory neuropathy), particularly at doses exceeding 1,000 mg daily. Common side effects include headache, nausea, and heartburn.

Vitamin B12 is very well tolerated with no established upper limit, since excess is removed in urine. Folic acid is generally safe at recommended doses but can cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and rash at higher doses.

Phosphatidylserine is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety is not fully established; common side effects include flatulence, nausea, headache, and insomnia (particularly at higher doses). During pregnancy, vitamin B6 is possibly unsafe, so consult your doctor; folic acid is safe at standard prenatal doses; vitamin B12 is likely safe; phosphatidylserine should be avoided due to insufficient safety data.

During breastfeeding, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 are generally considered safe at normal amounts; folic acid is safe at recommended doses; phosphatidylserine safety is unknown, so avoidance is recommended.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B6 Vitamin B12 Phosphatidylserine Folic Acid

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, Phosphatidylserine, Folic Acid.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 442 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check with your pharmacist if you take seizure medications (phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone), cancer drugs (methotrexate, capecitabine, 5-fluorouracil), blood pressure medications, amiodarone, metformin, pyrimethamine, anticholinergic drugs, or cholinergic drugs. The most serious risks are with seizure medications and cancer treatments.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product combines B vitamins and phosphatidylserine for cognitive support, but it carries several medication interactions you need to check first—especially if you take seizure medications, blood pressure drugs, or cancer treatments. Talk with your pharmacist before starting, particularly if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or take any regular medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 22, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Cognium Complete Fruit Punch, straight from the product label.

Brand Natrol
Barcode (UPC) 047469077761
Net contents 50 Gummy(ies)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 22, 2023
DSLD ID 287513
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Gummy Or Jelly
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Gummy(ies)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Gummy(ies)
UPC/BARCODE
047469077761
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin B60.85 mg50%
Vitamin B121.2 mcg50%
Calories10 Calorie(s)--
Total Carbohydrate2 Gram(s)1%
Total Sugars1 Gram(s)--
Phosphatidylserine50 mg--
Folic Acid200 mcg--
Folate333 mcg DFE83%
added Sugar1 Gram(s)2%
Silk Protein Hydrolysate100 mg--

Other ingredients: organic Cane Sugar, organic Tapioca Syrup, Water, Pectin, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Sodium Citrate, Fruit and Vegetable Juice, Coconut Oil, Carnauba wax

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

A delicious way to stay mentally sharp

100% drug free Non-GMO Gluten free Vegetarian & gelatin free No synthetic dyes No artificial flavors, sweeteners or preservatives

Vegetarian & gelatin free

Brain Health Support brain health function Improves memory & recall Energizes the brain

No: milk, egg, fish, crustacean shellfish, peanuts, wheat, soybeans, artificial flavors, sweeteners, synthetic dyes, or preservatives.

All-in-one brain health Helps brain function Supports brain health Energizes the brain Keeps the mind sharp

Formula

Fruit Punch with other natural flavors

Powered by: Vitamin B6, B12, Folic Acid, Phosphatidylserine, and Silk Protein Hydrolysate

General Statements

#1 most clinically studied ingredient for memory among leading brain health supplements.

www.CogniumMind.com

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take 1 gummy in the morning and 1 gummy in the evening.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Warning: Consult your healthcare professional prior to use if you have or suspect a medical condition, are taking prescription drugs, are pregnant or lactating.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Gummy(ies) Dosage formGummy Or Jelly Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin B6

Interacts with
210 drugs
0.85 mg per serving Form: Pyridoxine Hydrochloride

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that your body needs for metabolism, brain function, and making red blood cells. It is b...

Vitamin B6 monograph & interactions

Vitamin B12

Interacts with
20 drugs
1.2 mcg per serving Form: Cyanocobalamin

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...

Vitamin B12 monograph & interactions

Phosphatidylserine

Interacts with
219 drugs
50 mg per serving

Phosphatidylserine is a natural fat-like compound found in cell membranes, especially in the brain, and it is sold mainly to support memory and thinki...

Phosphatidylserine monograph & interactions

Folate

333 mcg DFE per serving

Added Sugar

1 Gram(s) per serving

Silk Protein Hydrolysate

100 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Organic Cane Sugar, Organic Tapioca Syrup, Water, Pectin, Citric Acid, Natural Flavors, Sodium Citrate, Fruit and Vegetable Juice, Coconut Oil, Carnauba wax. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Cognium Complete Fruit Punch?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
442Drugs
417 Moderate 25 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Phosphatidylserine 219
Vitamin B6 210
Folic Acid 40
Vitamin B12 20

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Cognium Complete Fruit Punch interact with 442 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 6 ingredients in Cognium Complete Fruit Punch interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Phosphatidylserine Vitamin B6 Folic Acid Vitamin B12

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Cognium Complete Fruit Punch with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Phosphatidylserine2 drug types · 219 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, phosphatidylserine might decrease the effectiveness anticholinergic drugs.
Phosphatidylserine is thought to increase acetylcholine levels, which could theoretically interfere with the activity of anticholinergic agents.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, phosphatidylserine might have additive effects with cholinergic drugs.
Phosphatidylserine is thought to increase acetylcholine levels, which could theoretically lead to additive cholinergic effects when used with cholinergic drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phosphatidylserine full monograph & interactions

Vitamin B65 drug types · 210 drugs

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Theoretically, vitamin B6 might increase the photosensitivity caused by amiodarone.
Despite initial case reports suggesting that pyridoxine may have a protective effect against amiodarone-induced photosensitivity, preliminary clinical research suggests that pyridoxine may actually exacerbate this adverse effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, vitamin B6 may have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Research in hypertensive rats shows that vitamin B6 can decrease systolic blood pressure. Similarly, clinical research in patients with hypertension shows that taking high doses of vitamin B6 may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure, possibly by reducing plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phenobarbital (Luminal)

High doses of vitamin B6 may reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenobarbital.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that vitamin B6 200 mg daily can reduce plasma levels of phenobarbital, possibly by increasing metabolism. It is not known whether lower doses have any effect. Advise people taking phenobarbital to avoid high doses of vitamin B6.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

High doses of vitamin B6 may reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenytoin.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that vitamin B6 200 mg daily can reduce plasma levels of phenytoin, possibly by increasing metabolism. It is not known whether lower doses have any effect. Advise people taking phenytoin to avoid high doses of vitamin B6.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Levodopa

Vitamin B6 may increase the metabolism of levodopa when taken alone, but not when taken in conjunction with carbidopa.
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) enhances the metabolism of levodopa, reducing its clinical effects. However, this interaction does not occur when carbidopa is used concurrently with levodopa (Sinemet). Therefore, it is not likely to be a problem in most people.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Vitamin B6 full monograph & interactions

Folic Acid7 drug types · 40 drugs

5-Fluorouracil

Theoretically, high doses of folic acid might increase the toxicity of 5-fluorouracil.
Increases in gastrointestinal side effects of 5-fluorouracil, such as stomatitis and diarrhea, have been described in two clinical studies when leucovorin, a form of folic acid, was administered with 5-fluorouracil.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Capecitabine (Xeloda)

Use of high-dose folic acid might contribute to capecitabine toxicity.
Clinical research suggests that higher serum folate levels are associated with an increased risk for moderate or severe toxicity during capecitabine-based treatment for colorectal cancer. Additionally, in one case report, taking folic acid 15 mg daily might have contributed to increased toxicity, including severe diarrhea, vomiting, edema, hand-foot syndrome, and eventually death, in a patient prescribed capecitabine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)

Folic acid might reduce the efficacy of methotrexate as a cancer treatment when given concurrently.
Methotrexate exerts its cytotoxic effects by preventing conversion of folic acid to the active form needed by cells. There is some evidence that folic acid supplements reduce the efficacy of methotrexate in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and theoretically they could reduce its efficacy in the treatment of other cancers. Advise cancer patients to consult their oncologist before using folic acid supplements. In patients treated with long-term, low-dose methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or psoriasis, folic acid supplements can reduce the incidence of side effects, without reducing efficacy.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Phenobarbital (Luminal)

Folic acid might have antagonistic effects on phenobarbital and increase the risk for seizures.
Folic acid can have direct convulsant activity in some people, reversing the effects of phenobarbital and worsening seizure control. Monitor closely for increased seizure activity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Folic acid might reduce serum levels of phenytoin in some patients.
Folic acid may be a cofactor in phenytoin metabolism. Folic acid, in doses of 1 mg daily or more, can reduce serum levels of phenytoin in some patients. Increases in seizure frequency have been reported. If folic acid supplements are added to established phenytoin therapy, monitor serum phenytoin levels closely. If phenytoin and folic acid are started at the same time and continued together, adverse changes in phenytoin pharmacokinetics are avoided. Note that phenytoin also reduces serum folate levels.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Primidone (Mysoline)

Folic acid might have antagonistic effects on primidone and increase the risk for seizures.
Folic acid can have direct convulsant activity in some people, reversing the effects of primidone and worsening seizure control. Monitor closely for increased seizure activity. Note that primidone also reduces serum folate levels.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Pyrimethamine (Daraprim)

Folic acid might antagonize the effects of pyrimethamine.
Folic acid can antagonize the antiparasitic effects of pyrimethamine against toxoplasmosis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Folic acid doesn't antagonize the effects of pyrimethamine in the treatment of malaria, because malarial parasites cannot use exogenous folic acid. Use folinic acid as an alternative to folic acid when indicated.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Folic Acid full monograph & interactions

Vitamin B121 drug type · 20 drugs

Metformin (Glucophage)

Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Vitamin B12 full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Cognium Complete Fruit Punch, from the product label.

Natrol

See all Natrol products
Name
Natrol LLC
City
Chatsworth
State
CA
ZipCode
91311
Phone Number
1-800-262-8765
Web Address
www.natrol.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol: Common Questions

Does Cognium Complete Fruit Punch by Natrol interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Cognium Complete Fruit Punch has a known interaction with 442 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Cognium Complete Fruit Punch contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant?
It depends on the ingredient. Folic acid is safe and actually recommended at standard prenatal doses to help prevent birth defects. Vitamin B6 and B12 are generally well tolerated in pregnancy at normal amounts. Phosphatidylserine, however, lacks enough safety data in pregnancy, so you should avoid it unless your doctor advises otherwise. Talk with your obstetrician before starting.
What is phosphatidylserine supposed to do?
Phosphatidylserine is included for possible support of age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. However, the evidence isn't established for other brain functions like ADHD or general cognitive sharpness, so its full benefit for overall brain health isn't proven.
Can this product cause nerve damage?
Yes, vitamin B6 at very high doses—especially 1,000 mg daily or more—can cause sensory neuropathy (nerve damage) with long-term use, though this can occur at lower doses too. The gummy form is unlikely to deliver such high doses on its own, but if you're taking other B6 supplements, mention that to your pharmacist.
What are the most common side effects I might notice?
Most common are digestive upset (nausea, heartburn, flatulence, diarrhea), headache, and insomnia. These are generally mild and occur at standard supplement doses. If they persist, talk with your pharmacist about adjusting when or how you take it.
Is this safe if I take metformin for diabetes?
There is a minor interaction: metformin can lower vitamin B12 levels with long-term use. If you're on metformin, your doctor may already monitor your B12 level, so let them know you're adding this product and they can adjust if needed.
Does folic acid in this product interfere with birth control or other medications?
The product facts we hold don't cover birth control. However, folic acid can interfere with certain seizure medicines and some cancer drugs, so definitely run your full medication list through the checker on this page to be sure.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Cognium Complete Fruit Punch’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B6

Interacts with 210 drugs

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that your body needs for metabolism, brain function, and making red blood cells. It is best known for helping with pregnancy-rel...

Read the full Vitamin B6 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B12

Interacts with 20 drugs

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very helpful for people who are deficient — su...

Read the full Vitamin B12 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Phosphatidylserine

Interacts with 219 drugs

Phosphatidylserine is a natural fat-like compound found in cell membranes, especially in the brain, and it is sold mainly to support memory and thinking. Some research suggests possible bene...

Read the full Phosphatidylserine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Folic Acid

Interacts with 40 drugs

Folic acid is the man-made form of vitamin B9 and is one of the most well-studied supplements, especially for preventing serious birth defects when taken before and during early pregnancy. I...

Read the full Folic Acid monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Cognium Complete Fruit Punch's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 127 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin B6 32 references
  1. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
  2. Yates AA, Schlicker SA, Suitor CW. Dietary reference intakes: The new basis for recommendations for calcium and related nutrients, B vitamins, and choline. J Am Diet Assoc 1998;98:699-706. PubMed
  3. Geerling BJ, Dagnelie PC, Badart-Smook A, et al. Diet as a risk factor for the development of ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2000;95:1008-13. PubMed
  4. South M. Neonatal seizures after pyridoxine use -- reply. Lancet 1999;354:2083. PubMed
  5. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  6. Baxter P, Aicardi J. Neonatal seizures after pyridoxine use. Lancet 1999;354:2082-3. PubMed
  7. Bendich A, Cohen M. Vitamin B6 safety issues. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990;585:321-30.
  8. Schaumburg H, Kaplan J, Windebank A. Sensory neuropathy from pyridoxine abuse. A new megavitamin syndrome. N Engl J Med 1983;309:445-8. PubMed
  9. Gordon N. Pyridoxine dependency: an update. Dev Med Child Neurol 1997;39:63-5. PubMed
  10. Lewis PJ. Pain in the hand and wrist. Pyridoxine supplements may help patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. BMJ 1995;310:1534. PubMed
  11. Kaufman G. Pyridoxine against amiodarone-induced photosensitivity (letter). Lancet 1984;1:51-2. PubMed
  12. Mulrow JP, Mulrow CD, McKenna WJ. Pyridoxine and amiodarone-induced photosensitivity. Ann Intern Med 1985;103:68-9. PubMed
  13. Kawada A, Kashima A, Shiraishi H, et al. Pyridoxine-induced photosensitivity and hypophosphatasia. Dermatology 2000;201:356-60.. PubMed
  14. Vasile A, Goldberg R, Kornberg B. Pyridoxine toxicity: report of a case. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1984;83:790-1. DOI
  15. Hansson O, Sillanpaa M. Pyridoxine and serum concentration of phenytoin and phenobarbitone. Lancet 1976;1:256. DOI
  16. Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
  17. Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
  18. Hatzitolios, A., Iliadis, F., Katsiki, N., and Baltatzi, M. Is the anti-hypertensive effect of dietary supplements via aldehydes reduction evidence based? A systematic review. Clin Exp.Hypertens. 2008;30(7):628-639. PubMed
  19. Vasdev, S., Ford, C. A., Parai, S., Longerich, L., and Gadag, V. Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation attenuates hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol.Cell Biochem. 1999;200(1-2):155-162.
  20. de, Vogel S., Dindore, V., van, Engeland M., Goldbohm, R. A., van den Brandt, P. A., and Weijenberg, M. P. Dietary folate, methionine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 and risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. J Nutr 2008;138(12):2372-2378. PubMed
  21. Hagen, I., Nesheim, B. I., and Tuntland, T. No effect of vitamin B-6 against premenstrual tension. A controlled clinical study. Acta Obstet.Gynecol.Scand. 1985;64(8):667-670. PubMed
  22. Aybak, M., Sermet, A., Ayyildiz, M. O., and Karakilcik, A. Z. Effect of oral pyridoxine hydrochloride supplementation on arterial blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Arzneimittelforschung. 1995;45(12):1271-1273.
  23. Lal, K. J., Dakshinamurti, K., and Thliveris, J. The effect of vitamin B6 on the systolic blood pressure of rats in various animal models of hypertension. J Hypertens. 1996;14(3):355-363. PubMed
  24. Lauritzen CH, Reuter HD, Repges R, Bohnert K, and Schmidt U. Treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome with Vitex agnus castus. Controlled, double-blind study versus pyridoxine. Phytomed 1997;4(3):183-189. PubMed
  25. Fonseca VA, Lavery LA, Thethi TK, et al. Metanx in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy: A randomized trial. Am J Med 2013;126(2):141-9. PubMed
  26. Hankey GJ, Eikelboom JW, Yi Q, et al. Treatment with B vitamins and incidence of cancer in patients with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack: Results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Stroke 2012;43(6):1572-7. PubMed
  27. Hoyer-Kuhn H, Kohbrok S, Volland R, Franklin J, Hero B, Beck BB, Hoppe B. Vitamin B6 in primary hyperoxaluria I: first prospective trial after 40 years of practice. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Mar;9(3):468-77. PubMed
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Vitamin B12 30 references
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