Dry Cough Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Dry Cough against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Dry Cough is a dietary supplement by Pacific BioLogic with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for sore throat and cough, heartburn and stomach upset, mouth ulcers and digestive complaints.Based on those ingredients, 1,242 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Licorice, Tangerine, Andrographis. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Dry Cough contains 10 ingredients, including licorice (used traditionally for respiratory comfort), andrographis (studied for throat and digestive support), isatis (a traditional respiratory herb), white mulberry leaf (traditionally used for blood sugar and lung health), and tangerine (a citrus extract). The formula also includes platycodon, zhejiang fritillary, trichosanthis, and peucedanum — four ingredients commonly used in traditional respiratory blends — though detailed human safety and effectiveness data for some of these are limited.
The capsules themselves are made from plant origin material.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence base for this product's ingredients is mixed. Licorice shows possibly effective evidence for canker sores and eczema, but has insufficient evidence for asthma and Addison disease.
Andrographis is possibly effective for throat inflammation (tonsillopharyngitis), ulcerative colitis, and osteoarthritis, though insufficient evidence exists for familial Mediterranean fever. White mulberry shows insufficient evidence for diabetes, high cholesterol, osteoporosis, the common cold, and hair loss.
Isatis is possibly effective for psoriasis but has insufficient evidence for respiratory infections, prostate cancer, ulcerative colitis, hepatitis, and aging skin. Tangerine has insufficient evidence for cancer.
For the remaining ingredients — platycodon, zhejiang fritillary, trichosanthis, and peucedanum — effectiveness data is not on file.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Licorice is generally well tolerated in food amounts, but supplements carry risks: high doses or long-term use of the active compound glycyrrhizin can cause serious problems. Orally, the most common side effects are headache, nausea, and vomiting; topical use may cause contact dermatitis.
Avoid licorice in pregnancy due to links to harmful effects, and avoid it while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Andrographis is generally well tolerated short-term, though higher doses (5–10 mg/kg of its active ingredient) and use beyond 14 days increase the risk of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, dizziness, rash, and itching; rare severe allergic reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported.
Avoid andrographis in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Isatis has limited human safety data and should be avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding.
White mulberry leaf is likely safe as food but concentrated supplements may lower blood sugar; avoid medicinal amounts in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Tangerine fruit is safe as food, though concentrated extracts and essential oils require caution; topical contact with tangerine essential oil may cause dermatitis.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking this product, have your doctor or pharmacist check if you take digoxin or other heart medications (licorice), blood thinners like warfarin, clopidogrel, or aspirin (licorice and andrographis), blood pressure drugs (andrographis), diabetes medications or metformin (white mulberry and andrographis), immunosuppressants (andrographis), or sedatives like midazolam (licorice and tangerine). These are the medication types with moderate to minor documented interactions; there may be others as well.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Dry Cough's licorice, andrographis, white mulberry, and tangerine ingredients interact with over 1,200 medications, including heart drugs, blood thinners, blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, and sedatives. If you take any prescription medication, check your exact drugs against the interaction tool on this page before starting.
Both licorice and andrographis should be avoided in pregnancy and while breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before adding this product to your routine.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 22, 2021.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Dry Cough, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Pacific BioLogic |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 065367400900 |
| Net contents | 90 Vegetarian Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jan 22, 2021 |
| DSLD ID | 241796 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Blend | 0 NP | -- |
| Licorice | 0 NP | -- |
| Andrographis | 0 NP | -- |
| Isatis | 0 NP | -- |
| Platycodon | 0 NP | -- |
| Zhejiang Fritillary | 0 NP | -- |
| Trichosanthis | 0 NP | -- |
| Peucedanum | 0 NP | -- |
| White Mulberry | 0 NP | -- |
| Trichosanthis | 0 NP | -- |
| Tangerine | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Capsules of plant origin
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Dosage: 2-4 capsules 1-4 times daily between meals. Take one of the doses at bedtime and another during the night or as directed by your healthcare practitioner.
Precautions
Caution: If pregnant or nursing, consult your healthcare provider before using this, or any other product. do not take with other cough formulas.
To report a serious adverse event or obtain product information, contact (800) 869-8783
Formulation
Dry Cough is manufactured in an FDA compliant facility in the United States of America from imported and domestic ingredients
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
General Statements
Powerful tools for gentle healing
525 mg
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Supplement
Seals/Symbols
Product of USA
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic
These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container22 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Blend
- › Licorice
- › Andrographis
- › Isatis
- › Platycodon
- › Zhejiang Fritillary
- › Trichosanthis
- › Peucedanum
- › White Mulberry
- › Trichosanthis
- › Tangerine
Other (inactive) ingredients: Capsules of plant origin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic contains several ingredients with documented drug interactions.
Through its licorice, andrographis, white mulberry, and tangerine content, this product may interact with a number of medications. The most serious interaction is licorice's moderate-severity effect on digoxin (a heart medication), where licorice may theoretically increase the risk of heart toxicity, particularly if licorice is overused.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Licorice carries moderate-severity interactions with blood thinners (warfarin), drugs metabolized by specific liver enzymes (CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 substrates), water pills that remove potassium (loop diuretics), the cancer drugs cisplatin and paclitaxel, and the sedative midazolam. Andrographis has moderate interactions with blood pressure drugs, blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelets), and immunosuppressants, plus minor interactions with the pain reliever etoricoxib, the arthritis drug celecoxib, and the diabetes drug glipizide.
White mulberry carries moderate interactions with diabetes medications and certain kidney drugs (OCT2 substrates like metformin). Tangerine shows minor interactions with CYP3A4 substrates and midazolam.
We could not check interactions for platycodon, zhejiang fritillary, trichosanthis (listed twice), and peucedanum — interaction data is not on file for these ingredients. Isatis was checked and shows no known interactions.
Altogetherther, these interactions span 1,243 individual medications. Run your exact medications through the search tool on this page before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Dry Cough?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Dry Cough interact with 1,242 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 10 ingredients in Dry Cough interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Licorice Tangerine Andrographis White Mulberry
AlbiglutideTanzeum
How Albiglutide interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White MulberryAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full White Mulberry + Albiglutide interactionAlefaceptAmevive
How Alefacept interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Alefacept interactionAlemtuzumabCampath
How Alemtuzumab interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Alemtuzumab interactionAlfentanilAlfenta
How Alfentanil interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Alfentanil interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alfentanil interactionAlfuzosinUroxatral
How Alfuzosin interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Alfuzosin interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alfuzosin interactionAliskirenTekturna
How Aliskiren interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Antihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Aliskiren interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Aliskiren interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Aliskiren interactionAlmotriptanAlmogran, Axert
How Almotriptan interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Almotriptan interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Almotriptan interactionAlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
Read the full Licorice + Alogliptin interactionWhite MulberryAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full White Mulberry + Alogliptin interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White MulberryAntidiabetes Drugs, Organic Cation Transporter 2 (oct2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full White Mulberry + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
White MulberryAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full White Mulberry + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionLicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlpelisibPiqray
How Alpelisib interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Alpelisib interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alpelisib interactionAlprazolamNiravam, Xanax
How Alprazolam interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Alprazolam interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Alprazolam interactionAlteplase, TpaActilyse, Activase
How Alteplase, Tpa interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Alteplase, Tpa interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin Codeine #2
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium HydroxideAscriptin
How Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Aluminum Hydroxide, Aspirin, Magnesium Hydroxide interactionAlvimopanEntereg
How Alvimopan interacts with Dry Cough — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Licorice + Alvimopan interactionAmbrisentanLetairis, Volibris
How Ambrisentan interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceP-glycoprotein Substrates, Antihypertensive Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Licorice + Ambrisentan interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Ambrisentan interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Ambrisentan interactionAmilorideAmilamont, Midamor
How Amiloride interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amiloride interactionLicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amiloride interactionAmiloride, HydrochlorothiazideAmil-Co, Amilzide, Moduret 25, Moduretic
How Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Diuretic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amiloride, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionAmiodaroneCordarone, Pacerone
How Amiodarone interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Amiodarone interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amiodarone interactionAmitriptylineElavil
How Amitriptyline interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Licorice + Amitriptyline interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amitriptyline interactionAmitriptyline, ChlordiazepoxideLimbitrol DS
How Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Read the full Licorice + Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interactionAmitriptyline, PerphenazineEtrafon, Etrafon-A, Etrafon-Forte, Triavil
How Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionAmlodipineNorliqva
How Amlodipine interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine interactionAmlodipine BenzoateKaterzia
How Amlodipine Benzoate interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine Benzoate interactionLicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine Benzoate interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine Benzoate interactionAmlodipine BesilateIstin
How Amlodipine Besilate interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine Besilate interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine Besilate interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine Besilate interactionAmlodipine BesylateNorvasc
How Amlodipine Besylate interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine Besylate interactionLicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Antihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine Besylate interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine Besylate interactionAmlodipine Besylate, BenazeprilLotrel
How Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Antihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interactionAmlodipine, CelecoxibConsensi
How Amlodipine, Celecoxib interacts with Dry Cough — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Amlodipine, Celecoxib interactionAndrographisCelecoxib (celebrex), Antihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib.
Read the full Andrographis + Amlodipine, Celecoxib interactionTangerineCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Read the full Tangerine + Amlodipine, Celecoxib interactionAmmonium ChlorideAmmonium Chloride
How Ammonium Chloride interacts with Dry Cough — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
LicoriceAntihypertensive Drugs, Diuretic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice + Ammonium Chloride interactionAndrographisAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis + Ammonium Chloride interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Dry Cough with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Licorice
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
In human research, licorice increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner.
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of cisplatin.
In animal research, licorice diminished the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin.
Corticosteroids
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice and corticosteroids might increase the side effects of corticosteroids.
Case reports suggest that concomitant use of licorice and oral corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, can potentiate the duration of activity and increase blood levels of corticosteroids. Additionally, in one case report, a patient with neurogenic orthostatic hypertension stabilized on fludrocortisone 0.1 mg twice daily developed pseudohyperaldosteronism after recent consumption of large amounts of black licorice.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
In vitro research shows that licorice extract and glabridin, a licorice constituent, inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes. Licorice extract from the species G. uralensis seems to inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes to a greater degree than G. glabra extract in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6; however, these interactions have not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro, licorice extracts from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibit CYP2C19 isoenzymes in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro, licorice extract from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibits CYP2C8 isoenzymes. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
There is conflicting evidence about the effect of licorice on CYP2C9 enzyme activity. In vitro research shows that extracts from the licorice species G. glabra and G. uralensis moderately inhibit CYP2C9 isoenzymes. However, evidence from an animal model shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis can induce hepatic CYP2C9 activity. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP2C9 substrates.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin, taken in a dosage of 150 mg orally twice daily for 14 days, modestly decreases the area under the concentration-time curve of midazolam by about 20%. Midazolam is a substrate of CYP3A4, suggesting that glycyrrhizin modestly induces CYP3A4 activity. Animal research also shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis induces CYP3A4 activity. However, licorice extract from G. glabra species appear to inhibit CYP3A4-induced metabolism of testosterone in vitro. It is thought that the G. glabra inhibits CYP3A4 due to its constituent glabridin, which is a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor in vitro and not present in other licorice species. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP3A4 substrates.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with digoxin might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity.
Overuse or misuse of licorice with cardiac glycoside therapy might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity due to potassium loss.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Overuse of licorice might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. In one case report, a 72-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arrhythmia, stroke, and hepatic dysfunction was hospitalized with severe hypokalemia and uncontrolled hypertension due to pseudohyperaldosteronism. This was thought to be provoked by concomitant daily consumption of a product containing 225 mg of glycyrrhizin, a constituent of licorice, and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg for 1 month.
Estrogens
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Theoretically, licorice might interfere with estrogen therapy due to estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects.
Loop Diuretics
Theoretically, loop diuretics might increase the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice.
Theoretically, loop diuretics might enhance the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice by inhibiting the enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone; however, bumetanide (Bumex) does not appear to have this effect.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease levels of midazolam.
In humans, the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin appears to moderately induce the metabolism of midazolam. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 by licorice. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking midazolam.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice can increase P-glycoprotein activity.
Paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of paclitaxel.
Multiple doses of licorice taken concomitantly with paclitaxel might reduce the effectiveness of paclitaxel. Animal research shows that licorice 3 grams/kg given orally for 14 days before intravenous administration of paclitaxel decreases the exposure to paclitaxel and increases its clearance. Theoretically, this occurs because licorice induces cytochrome P450 3A4 enzymes, which metabolize paclitaxel. Notably, a single dose of licorice did not affect exposure or clearance of paclitaxel.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of warfarin.
Licorice seems to increase metabolism and decrease levels of warfarin in animal models. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolism by licorice. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid taking licorice.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice induces CYP1A2 enzymes.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of methotrexate.
Animal research suggests that intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin, a licorice constituent, and high-dose methotrexate may delay methotrexate excretion and increase systemic exposure, leading to transient elevations in liver enzymes and total bilirubin. This interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Tangerine
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, induces a 52% increase in the metabolism of midazolam by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This suggests that tangeretin may stimulate CYP3A4 activity. However, in humans, drinking tangerine juice 200 mL slightly delayed the absorption, but did not affect the metabolism, of midazolam, a CYP3A4 substrate. Theoretically, tangerine juice might increase CYP3A4 activity and decrease levels of drugs metabolized by this enzyme. However, this effect is unlikely.
Some drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 include amitriptyline (Elavil), amiodarone (Cordarone), citalopram (Celexa), felodipine (Plendil), lansoprazole (Prevacid), ondansetron (Zofran), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), sertraline (Zoloft), sibutramine (Meridia), and many others.
Midazolam (Versed)
In vitro, tangeretin, a constituent of tangerine, appears to increase the metabolism of midazolam in human liver microsomes by up to 52%. However, in humans, drinking tangerine juice 200 mL slightly delayed the absorption, but did not affect the metabolism, of midazolam. Theoretically, tangerine juice might increase the metabolism and reduce the effects of midazolam. However, this effect is unlikely.
Andrographis
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal and laboratory studies suggest that andrographis has antiplatelet effects.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that andrographis has hypotensive effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that andrographolide has immunostimulant activity.
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib. The clinical significance of these changes is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally increases the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib but does not appear to impact the area under the curve.
Etoricoxib (Arcoxia)
Theoretically, andrographis might decrease the absorption of etoricoxib, although the clinical significance is unclear.
Animal research shows that andrographis extract, or the constituent andrographolide, taken orally with etoricoxib decreases the bioavailability of etoricoxib. However, this reduced bioavailability is not correlated with a reduction in the anti-inflammatory effects of etoricoxib in arthritic mice models. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide; however, opposite effects are seen with the constituent, andrographolide. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally with glipizide in diabetes-induced rats increases the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide. However, the opposite effect is seen with the constituent, andrographolide, in which the maximum concentration and area under the curve are decreased when taken with glipizide.
White Mulberry
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that white mulberry leaf can lower blood glucose levels. Advise patients to monitor glucose levels closely.
Organic Cation Transporter 2 (Oct2) Substrates
Theoretically, white mulberry leaf might slow the elimination and increase the adverse effects of drugs which are OCT2 substrates.
Animal research shows that coadministration of white mulberry leaf extract with metformin, an OCT2 substrate, slows the renal elimination of metformin via inhibition of OCT2 activity. OCT2 is expressed in the kidneys and is responsible for transporting cationic drugs into tubular epithelial cells in order to be excreted in the urine.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Dry Cough, from the product label.
Pacific BioLogic
See all Pacific BioLogic products- Name
- Pacific BioLogic Co.
- City
- Concord
- State
- CA
- ZipCode
- 94521
- Phone Number
- 800 869-8783
- Web Address
- www.pacificbiologic.com
Dry Cough by Pacific BioLogic: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Dry Cough’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Licorice
Interacts with 1,040 drugsLicorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regular licorice contains glycyrrhizin, whic...
Read the full Licorice monograph → Herb & supplement monographAndrographis
Interacts with 413 drugsAndrographis is a bitter Asian herb traditionally used for colds, flu, and infections, and some studies suggest it may ease cold symptoms and shorten how long they last. The evidence is limi...
Read the full Andrographis monograph → Herb & supplement monographIsatis
Isatis is a plant long used in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly for sore throats, fevers, and colds. Modern evidence in people is very limited, so its benefits are not well proven. Talk...
Read the full Isatis monograph → Herb & supplement monographWhite Mulberry
Interacts with 87 drugsWhite mulberry leaf is most studied for helping blunt the rise in blood sugar after meals, but the human evidence is limited and not strong. It is generally well tolerated as a food and tea,...
Read the full White Mulberry monograph → Herb & supplement monographTangerine
Interacts with 643 drugsTangerine is a sweet citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and other nutrients, and is widely enjoyed as food. While the peel and essential oil are used in traditional medicine and...
Read the full Tangerine monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Dry Cough's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 130 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Licorice 92 references
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- Sigurjonsdottir HA, Ragnarsson J, Franzson L, Sigurdsson G. Is blood pressure commonly raised by moderate consumption of liquorice? J Hum Hypertens 1995;9:345-8.
- Armanini D, Lewicka S, Pratesi C, et al. Further studies on the mechanism of the mineralocorticoid action of licorice in humans. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:624-9. PubMed
- Zhang YD, Lorenzo B, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase obtained from guinea pig kidney by furosemide, naringenin and some other compounds. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;49:81-5.
- Strandberg TE, Jarvenpaa AL, Vanhanen H, McKeigue PM. Birth outcome in relation to licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:1085-8. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir HA, Franzson L, Manhem K, et al. Liquorice-induced rise in blood pressure: a linear dose-response relationship. J Hum Hypertens 2001;15:549-52. PubMed
- Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
- Kent UM, Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Hollenberg PF. The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochrome P450S 3A4, 2B6, and 2C9. Drug Metab Dispos 2002;30:709-15.. PubMed
- Yoshida S, Takayama Y. Licorice-induced hypokalemia as a treatable cause of dropped head syndrome. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2003;105:286-7.. PubMed
- Strandberg TE, Andersson S, Jarvenpaa AL, et al. Preterm birth and licorice consumption during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:803-5.. PubMed
- Hussain RM. The sweet cake that reaches parts other cakes can't! Postgrad Med J 2003;79:115-6.. PubMed
- Morris DJ, Davis E, Latif SA. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:849-50. PubMed
- Quinkler M, Stewart PM. Hypertension and the cortisol-cortisone shuttle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;88:2384-92. PubMed
- Westman EC, Guthrie GP. Licorice, tobacco chewing, and hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990;322:850. PubMed
- Mu Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;316:1369-77. PubMed
- Yasue H, Itoh T, Mizuno Y, Harada E. Severe hypokalemia, rhabdomyolysis, muscle paralysis, and respiratory impairment in a hypertensive patient taking herbal medicines containing licorice. Intern Med 2007;46:575-8. PubMed
- Brayley J, Jones J. Life-threatening hypokalemia associated with excessive licorice ingestion (letter). Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:617-8. PubMed
- de Klerk GJ, Nieuwenhuis G, Beutler JJ. Hypokalaemia and hypertension associated with use of liquorice flavoured chewing gum. BMJ 1997;314:731-2.
- Dellow EL, Unwin RJ, Honour JW. Pontefract cakes can be bad for you: refractory hypertension and liquorice excess. Nephol Dial Transplant 1999;14:218-20. PubMed
- Elinav E, Chajek-Shaul T. Licorice consumption causing severe hypokalemic paralysis. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78:767-8. PubMed
- Eriksson JW, Carlberg B, Hillom V. Life-threatening ventricular tachycardia due to liquorice-induced hypokalemia. J Intern Med 1999;245:307-10.
- Janse A, van Iersel M, Hoefnagels WH, Olde Rikker MG. The old lady who liked liquorice: hypertension due to chronic intoxication in a memory-impaired patient. Neth J Med 2005;63:149-50.
- Lin SH, Yang SS, Chau T, Halperin ML. An unusual cause of hypokalemic paralysis: chronic licorice ingestion. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:153-6. PubMed
- van den Bosch AE, van der Klooster JM, Zuidgeest DM, et al. Severe hypokalemic paralysis and rhabdomyolysis due to ingestion of liquorice. Neth J Med 2005;63:146-8.
- van Uum SH. Liquorice and hypertension. Neth J Med 2005;63:119-20.
- Russo S, Mastropasqua M, Mosetti MA, et al. Low doses of liquorice can induce hypertension encephalopathy. Am J Nephrol 2000;20:145-8. PubMed
- Stormer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice - evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31:303-12. PubMed
- Sontia B, Mooney J, Gaudet L, Touyz RM. Pseudohyperaldosteronism, liquorice, and hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2008;10:153-7. PubMed
- Francini-Pesenti F, Puato M, Piccoli A, Brocadello F. Liquorice-induced hypokalaemia and water retention in the absence of hypertension. Phytother Res 2008;22:563-5. PubMed
- Lapi F, Gallo E, Bernasconi S, et al. Myopathies associated with red yeast rice and liquorice: spontaneous reports from the Italian Surveillance System of Natural Health Products. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:572-4. PubMed
- Chen MF, Shimada F, Kato H, Yano S, Kanaoka M. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone following low dosage of prednisolone hemisuccinate. Endocrinol Jpn 1990;37:331-41. PubMed
- Teelucksingh S, Mackie AD, Burt D, McIntyre MA, Brett L, Edwards CR. Potentiation of hydrocortisone activity in skin by glycyrrhetinic acid. Lancet 1990;335(8697):1060-3. PubMed
- Heidemann HT, Kreuzfelder E. Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria due to licorice ingestion and diuretic treatment. Klin Wochenschr 1983;61:303-5. PubMed
- Hukkanen J, Ukkola O, Savolainen MJ. Effects of low-dose liquorice alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide on the plasma potassium in healthy volunteers. Blood Press 2009;18:192-5. PubMed
- Bisogni V, Rossi GP, Calò LA. Apparent mineralcorticoid excess syndrome, an often forgotten or unrecognized cause of hypokalemia and hypertension: case report and appraisal of the pathophysiology. Blood Press. 2014 Jun;23(3):189-92. PubMed
- Dehours E, Vallé B, Rougé-Bugat ME, Florent B, Bounes V, Franchitto N. Suspected hypokalaemia following liquorice ingestion on board ship. J Telemed Telecare. 2013 Jun;19(4):227-8. PubMed
- Kormann R, Languille E, Amiot HM, Hertig A. Dying for a cup of tea. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Oct 19;2012. PubMed
- Panduranga P, Al-Rawahi N. Licorice-induced severe hypokalemia with recurrent torsade de pointes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2013 Nov;18(6):593-6. PubMed
- Räikkönen K, Seckl JR, Heinonen K, Pyhälä R, Feldt K, Jones A, Pesonen AK, Phillips DI, Lahti J, Järvenpää AL, Eriksson JG, Matthews KA, Strandberg TE, Kajantie E. Maternal prenatal licorice consumption alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis fu
- Robles BJ, Sandoval AR, Dardon JD, Blas CA. Lethal liquorice lollies (liquorice abuse causing pseudohyperaldosteronism). BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Sep 19;2013. PubMed
- Chamberlain, J. J. and Abolnik, I. Z. Pulmonary edema following a licorice binge. West J Med 1997;167(3):184-185.
- Barrella, M., Lauria, G., Quatrale, R., and Paolino, E. Hypokaliemic rhabdomyolysis associated with liquorice ingestion: report of an atypical case. Ital.J Neurol.Sci 1997;18(4):217-220. PubMed
- Fugh-Berman, A. Herb-drug interactions. Lancet 2000;355(9198):134-138. PubMed
- Hasegawa, J., Suyama, Y., Kinugawa, T., Morisawa, T., and Kishimoto, Y. Echocardiographic findings of the heart resembling dilated cardiomyopathy during hypokalemic myopathy due to licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 1998;12(6):59 PubMed
- van Rossum, T. G., Vulto, A. G., Hop, W. C., Brouwer, J. T., Niesters, H. G., and Schalm, S. W. Intravenous glycyrrhizin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase I/II trial. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 199 PubMed
- Lozano, P., Flores, D., Martinez, S., Artigues, I., Rimbau, E. M., and Gomez, F. Upper limb ischemia induced by chronic licorice ingestion. J Cardiovasc.Surg (Torino) 2000;41(4):631-632.
- Brouwers, A. J. and van der, Meulen J. ['Licorice hypertension' also caused by licorice tea]. Ned.Tijdschr Geneeskd. 4-14-2001;145(15):744-747.
- van Rossum, T. G., Vulto, A. G., Hop, W. C., and Schalm, S. W. Glycyrrhizin-induced reduction of ALT in European patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96(8):2432-2437. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir, H. A., Manhem, K., Axelson, M., and Wallerstedt, S. Subjects with essential hypertension are more sensitive to the inhibition of 11 beta-HSD by liquorice. J Hum Hypertens 2003;17(2):125-131.
- Shintani, S., Murase, H., Tsukagoshi, H., and Shiigai, T. Glycyrrhizin (licorice)-induced hypokalemic myopathy. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Eur Neurol 1992;32(1):44-51. PubMed
- Chen, M. F., Shimada, F., Kato, H., Yano, S., and Kanaoka, M. Effect of oral administration of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone. Endocrinol Jpn 1991;38(2):167-174. PubMed
- Lee, C. K., Park, K. K., Lim, S. S., Park, J. H., and Chung, W. Y. Effects of the licorice extract against tumor growth and cisplatin-induced toxicity in a mouse xenograft model of colon cancer. Biol Pharm Bull 2007;30(11):2191-2195. PubMed
- Isaia, G. C., Pellissetto, C., Ravazzoli, M., and Tamone, C. Acute adrenal crisis and hypercalcemia in a patient assuming high liquorice doses. Minerva Med 2008;99(1):91-94.
- Bocker, D. and Breithardt, G. [Induction of arrhythmia by licorice abuse]. Z Kardiol 1991;80(6):389-391.
- Tacconi, P., Paribello, A., Cannas, A., and Marrosu, M. G. Carpal tunnel syndrome triggered by excessive licorice consumption. J Peripher.Nerv.Syst. 2009;14(1):64-65. PubMed
- Tu, J. H., He, Y. J., Chen, Y., Fan, L., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Huang, Y. F., Guo, D., Hu, D. L., Wang, D., and Hong-Hao Zhou. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the activity of CYP3A enzyme in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(8):805-810. PubMed
- Goultschin, J., Palmon, S., Shapira, L., Brayer, L., and Gedalia, I. Effect of glycyrrhizin-containing toothpaste on dental plaque reduction and gingival health in humans. A pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 1991;18(3):210-212. PubMed
- Scali, M., Pratesi, C., Zennaro, M. C., Zampollo, V., and Armanini, D. Pseudohyperaldosteronism from liquorice-containing laxatives. J Endocrinol Invest 1990;13(10):847-848. PubMed
- Chatterjee, N., Domoto-Reilly, K., Fecci, P. E., Schwamm, L. H., and Singhal, A. B. Licorice-associated reversible cerebral vasoconstriction with PRES. Neurology 2010;75(21):1939-1941. PubMed
- Imtiaz, K. E. Sweet root, bitter pill: liquorice-induced hyperaldosteronism. QJM 2011;104(12):1093-1095. PubMed
- van Beers, E. J., Stam, J., and van den Bergh, W. M. Licorice consumption as a cause of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a case report. Crit Care 2011;15(1):R64. PubMed
- MacKenzie, M. A., Hoefnagels, W. H., Jansen, R. W., Benraad, T. J., and Kloppenborg, P. W. The influence of glycyrrhetinic acid on plasma cortisol and cortisone in healthy young volunteers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70(6):1637-1643. PubMed
- Bardhan, K. D., Cumberland, D. C., Dixon, R. A., and Holdsworth, C. D. Clinical trial of deglycyrrhizinised liquorice in gastric ulcer. Gut 1978;19(9):779-782. PubMed
- Koster, M. and David, G. K. Reversible severe hypertension due to licorice ingestion. N Engl J Med 1968;278(25):1381-1383. PubMed
- Corse, F. M., Galgani, S., Gasparini, C., Giacanelli, M., and Piazza, G. Acute hypokalemic myopathy due to chronic licorice ingestion: report of a case. Ital J Neurol Sci 1983;4(4):493-497. PubMed
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