Hemo Comfort Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by SuperSmart
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Hemo Comfort against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Hemo Comfort is a dietary supplement by SuperSmart with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for hemorrhoids, varicose veins and poor circulation, leg swelling (venous insufficiency).Based on those ingredients, 1,334 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Diosmin, Hesperidin, Horse Chestnut Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
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AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Hemo Comfort contains four active ingredients. Sophora japonica Flower Extract (Pagoda Tree) and Horse Chestnut Extract are traditionally used for vein and circulation support.
Hesperidin is a plant compound (bioflavonoid) that may support blood vessel function. Bitter Orange Fruit Extract and the plant compound Troxerutin round out the formula.
The product also contains two inactive ingredients—Acacia Gum and White Rice Flour—which serve as binders and fillers.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for Hemo Comfort's ingredients is mixed and mostly limited. Pagoda Tree and Horse Chestnut have insufficient reliable evidence to rate them for hemorrhoids, the condition this product appears to address.
Horse Chestnut does have some evidence suggesting it may help with chronic venous insufficiency (poor circulation in the legs), though that's not necessarily the same as hemorrhoid relief. Hesperidin and Bitter Orange have not been shown effective for their marketed uses; in fact, hesperidin is possibly ineffective for high cholesterol and obesity, and Bitter Orange's effectiveness for allergies, hair loss, sexual function, and athletic performance lacks reliable evidence.
In short, we don't have solid data showing this product works for its intended purpose.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Horse Chestnut seed extract (the properly processed form in supplements) is generally well tolerated, though dizziness, stomach upset, headache, and itching have been reported. Pagoda Tree flower is used traditionally but human safety data are limited; the seed is possibly unsafe with long-term use and has caused serious problems including death and swelling in rare cases.
Hesperidin is generally well tolerated in food amounts and short-term use, but long-term data are sparse. Bitter Orange used in medicinal amounts may be unsafe; it can raise blood pressure and heart rate, especially with caffeine, and rare serious events including heart attack, seizure, stroke, and abnormal heart rhythms have been reported.
One case of allergic skin reaction to a related hesperidin product was documented.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Do not combine this product with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)—the risk of a dangerous blood pressure spike is Major. Also check with your pharmacist if you take midazolam or other sedatives, stimulant drugs, blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs), blood pressure medications, heart drugs like verapamil or diltiazem, diabetes medications, or any drug metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP3A4.
All of these have moderate-severity interactions with one or more ingredients in Hemo Comfort.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Hemo Comfort is designed for vein and circulation support, but the evidence that it works is weak to absent. More importantly, the product—particularly its Bitter Orange and Hesperidin content—interacts with a large number of common medications, including blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, stimulants, and sedatives.
If you take any prescription medication, run your full list through the checker below before you start. Talk to your pharmacist; the interactions here are real and worth sorting out together.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 25, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Hemo Comfort, straight from the product label.
| Brand | SuperSmart |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 5453003828099 |
| Net contents | 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 25, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 332376 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Sophora japonica Flower Extract | 305 mg | -- |
| Hesperidin | 900 mg | -- |
| Diosmin | 900 mg | -- |
| Citrus aurantium Fruit Extract | 950 mg | -- |
| Troxerutin | 300 mg | -- |
| Horse Chestnut Extract | 700 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Adults. Take 4 vegetarian capsules per day.
Precautions
Precautions: Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. This product is a nutritional supplement and should not be used to replace a varied, balanced diet or healthy lifestyle.
Keep out of young children's reach.
As with all nutritional supplements, consult a health professional before taking if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or suffer from a health problem.
Storage
Store away from light, heat and humidity.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Hesperidin
Interacts with702 drugs
Hesperidin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that is often combined with diosmin and used for vein and circulation problems like hemorrhoids and v...
Hesperidin monograph & interactionsDiosmin
Interacts with884 drugs
Diosmin is a citrus-derived flavonoid most often used for vein-related problems such as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, and it is usuall...
Diosmin monograph & interactionsTroxerutin
Horse Chestnut Extract
Interacts with122 drugs
Horse chestnut seed extract is most often used for chronic venous insufficiency, where standardized products may help reduce leg swelling, pain, and h...
Horse Chestnut Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart contains four active ingredients, and the product does interact with a substantial number of medications.
The most serious concern is Bitter Orange Extract, which can trigger a hypertensive crisis (dangerously high blood pressure) if taken with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), a class of older antidepressants. Bitter Orange also significantly raises levels of midazolam (a sedative), which could increase overdose risk.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Bitter Orange poses moderate-severity interactions with several other drug types: it can amplify the effects of stimulant medications and increase cardiovascular strain when combined with caffeine; it may raise blood levels of drugs processed by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, including certain statins and immunosuppressants; it can lower blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when combined with diabetes medications; it may boost levels of dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant); and it can add to the QT-prolonging effects of certain heart rhythm drugs. Hesperidin (another ingredient) interacts moderately with blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs), certain blood pressure medications, heart drugs like verapamil and diltiazem, and sedating drugs (central nervous system depressants).
It may also affect how your body clears drugs that use a specific cellular pump (P-glycoprotein substrates). Horse Chestnut Extract may increase bleeding risk if combined with blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs.
Pagoda Tree Extract theoretically slows caffeine clearance. Altogether, these interactions span 1,293 individual medications.
Use the medication checker on this page to verify your exact prescriptions before starting Hemo Comfort.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Hemo Comfort?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Hemo Comfort interact with 1,334 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 4 ingredients in Hemo Comfort interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Diosmin Hesperidin Horse Chestnut Extract Sophora japonica Flower Extract
AmphetamineAdensys XR-ODT, Adzenys ER, Dyanavel XR, Mydayis
How Amphetamine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Amphetamine interactionIsocarboxazidMarplan
How Isocarboxazid interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Isocarboxazid interactionMidazolamNayzilam, Seizalam, Versed
How Midazolam interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Midazolam (versed) Major
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Midazolam interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Midazolam interactionHesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Midazolam interactionMoclobemideManerix, Moclobemide
How Moclobemide interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Moclobemide interactionOzanimod HydrochlorideZeposia
How Ozanimod Hydrochloride interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois), Qt Interval-prolonging Drugs Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Ozanimod Hydrochloride interactionPhenelzine SulfateNardil
How Phenelzine Sulfate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Phenelzine Sulfate interactionHesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Phenelzine Sulfate interactionRasagilineAzilect
How Rasagiline interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Rasagiline interactionSafinamide MesylateXadago
How Safinamide Mesylate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Safinamide Mesylate interactionSelegilineCarbex, Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar
How Selegiline interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Selegiline interactionTranylcypromineParnate
How Tranylcypromine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractMonoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (maois) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking MAOIs with synephrine-containing bitter orange preparations might increase the hypertensive effects of synephrine, potentially leading to hypertensive crisis.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Tranylcypromine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hesperidin + Abciximab interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Abciximab interactionDiosminAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Diosmin + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Abemaciclib interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Abiraterone interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Abiraterone Acetate interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Abrocitinib interactionHesperidinAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hesperidin + Abrocitinib interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Read the full Diosmin + Acalabrutinib interactionHesperidinP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acalabrutinib interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Diosmin + Acenocoumarol interactionHesperidinAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acenocoumarol interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionHesperidinAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionDiosminAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionSophora Japonica Flower ExtractCaffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pagoda tree might reduce the clearance of caffeine.
Read the full Sophora Japonica Flower Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Stimulant Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionSophora Japonica Flower ExtractCaffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pagoda tree might reduce the clearance of caffeine.
Read the full Sophora Japonica Flower Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs, Caffeine +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionSophora Japonica Flower ExtractCaffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, pagoda tree might reduce the clearance of caffeine.
Read the full Sophora Japonica Flower Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionHesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionHesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionHesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Hemo Comfort with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Diosmin
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
A case of spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage has been reported for a 77-year-old female after 6 weeks of warfarin therapy, despite an international normalized ratio (INR) of only 1.8. The patient had also been taking aspirin and diosmin for several years. Experts speculate that chronic intake of diosmin predisposed the patient to spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage by inducing chronic microcirculatory hypertension and inhibiting platelet aggregation. The presence of aspirin was also thought to play a role in this event.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, diosmin might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine 200 mg increases blood levels of carbamazepine by approximately 58% and decreases carbamazepine clearance by 42%. It also decreases the formation of carbamazepine's active metabolite. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of carbamazepine by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Chlorzoxazone (Parafon Forte, Paraflex)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of chlorzoxazone.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of chlorzoxazone 250 mg increases blood levels of chlorzoxazone by 53% and decreases chlorzoxazone clearance by 40%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of chlorzoxazone by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1).
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
Diclofenac is metabolized by CYP2C9 enzymes. Clinical and laboratory research shows that diosmin inhibits the metabolism of diclofenac. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of diclofenac 100 mg increases blood levels of diclofenac and decreases diclofenac clearance.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Chlorzoxazone is metabolized by CYP2E1 enzymes. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of chlorzoxazone (Paraflex 250) 250 mg increases blood levels of chlorzoxazone by 34% and decreases chlorzoxazone clearance by 40%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of chlorzoxazone by inhibiting CYP2E1.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Laboratory research is conflicting with respect to the effects of diosmin on CYP3A4. Some research suggests that diosmin does not affect CYP3A4 activity. However, other research suggests that diosmin alters the metabolism of carbamazepine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Laboratory and animal research show that oral administration of diosmin for 7 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine increases plasma concentrations of carbamazepine, decreases the clearance of carbamazepine, and decreases the formation of carbamazepine's active metabolite. Additionally, pharmacokinetic research in healthy male subjects shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine 200 mg increases blood levels of carbamazepine by approximately 58% and decreases carbamazepine clearance by 42%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of carbamazepine by inhibiting CYP3A4. Diosmetin, a metabolite of diosmin, may also inhibit CYP3A4.
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Others)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of diclofenac.
Clinical and laboratory research shows that diosmin inhibits the metabolism of diclofenac. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of diclofenac 100 mg increases blood levels of diclofenac and decreases diclofenac clearance. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of diclofenac by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of fexofenadine.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of fexofenadine 120 mg increases blood levels of fexofenadine by approximately 49% and decreases the apparent oral clearance of fexofenadine by 41%. The time taken to reach maximum plasma concentration, the half-life, and the apparent renal clearance of fexofenadine are not affected. For this reason, it is speculated that diosmin alters the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine via inhibition of P-glycoprotein in the intestine, but not in the kidney or liver.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Preliminary laboratory research suggests that diosmin inhibits P-gp. Additionally, pharmacokinetic research in healthy male subjects shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of fexofenadine 120 mg increases blood levels of fexofenadine, a P-gp substrate, by approximately 49% and decreases the apparent oral clearance of fexofenadine by 41%. The time taken to reach maximum plasma concentration, the half-life, and the apparent renal clearance of fexofenadine are not affected. For this reason, it is speculated that diosmin inhibits P-gp in the intestine, but not in the kidney or liver.
Hesperidin
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal research suggests that hesperetin, a bioflavonoid aglycone derivative of hesperidin, may have antiplatelet activity.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some clinical and animal research shows that hesperidin can decrease blood pressure. However, other clinical research shows that hesperidin does not affect blood pressure.
Celiprolol (Celicard)
Theoretically, hesperidin may decrease the levels and clinical effects of celiprolol.
Animal research shows that concomitant use of hesperidin may reduce the plasma area under the curve of celiprolol by up to 75%. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Animal studies show that hesperidin has sedative effects, due to opioid receptor activity and can increase sedation when used with diazepam. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the levels and clinical effects of diltiazem.
Animal research suggests that hesperidin may enhance the bioavailability of diltiazem, increasing the plasma area under the curve of diltiazem by up to 65.3%. This effect has not been reported in humans.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
In vitro research shows that hesperidin can inhibit P-glycoprotein efflux. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Verapamil (Calan, Others)
Theoretically, hesperidin might increase the levels and clinical effects of verapamil.
Animal research suggests that hesperidin may enhance the bioavailability of verapamil, increasing the plasma area under the curve of verapamil by 96.8%. This effect has not been reported in humans
Horse Chestnut Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Horse chestnut contains the constituent esculin which has been shown to have antithrombotic effects. Therefore, horse chestnut might have antiplatelet effects. This has not been shown in humans.
Sophora japonica Flower Extract
Caffeine
Theoretically, pagoda tree might reduce the clearance of caffeine.
Pagoda tree contains genistein. Taking genistein 1 gram daily for 14 days seems to inhibit caffeine clearance and metabolism in healthy females. This effect has been attributed to inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme, which is involved in caffeine metabolism. It is unclear if this effect occurs with the lower amounts of genistein found in pagoda tree.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Hemo Comfort, from the product label.
SuperSmart
See all SuperSmart products- Name
- SN Worldwide Unipessoal, Lda
- Street Address
- Avenida Do Infante 66, Edificio Quinta Avenida 1 C
- City
- Funchal
- ZipCode
- 9000-015
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Hemo Comfort is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Hemo Comfort’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Hesperidin
Interacts with 702 drugsHesperidin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that is often combined with diosmin and used for vein and circulation problems like hemorrhoids and varicose veins. Some evidence supports th...
Read the full Hesperidin monograph → Herb & supplement monographDiosmin
Interacts with 884 drugsDiosmin is a citrus-derived flavonoid most often used for vein-related problems such as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, and it is usually combined with a related flavonoid call...
Read the full Diosmin monograph → Herb & supplement monographBitter Orange
Interacts with 957 drugsBitter orange is a citrus fruit whose extracts contain synephrine, a mild stimulant often added to weight-loss and energy supplements. Evidence that it works for weight loss or performance i...
Read the full Bitter Orange monograph → Herb & supplement monographPagoda Tree
Interacts with 29 drugsPagoda Tree (Styphnolobium japonicum, also called the Japanese pagoda tree) is a traditional Asian medicinal plant best known as a natural source of the flavonoid rutin. While it has a long...
Read the full Pagoda Tree monograph → Herb & supplement monographHorse Chestnut
Interacts with 122 drugsHorse chestnut seed extract is most often used for chronic venous insufficiency, where standardized products may help reduce leg swelling, pain, and heaviness. Raw, unprocessed horse chestnu...
Read the full Horse Chestnut monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Hemo Comfort's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 104 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Pagoda Tree 2 references
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Chen, Y., Xiao, C. Q., He, Y. J., Chen, B. L., Wang, G., Zhou, G., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Cao, S., Wang, L. P., and Zhou, H. H. Genistein alters caffeine exposure in healthy female volunteers. Eur.J Clin.Pharmacol. 2011;67(4):347-353. PubMed
Hesperidin 14 references
- Fernandez, S. P., Wasowski, C., Paladini, A. C., and Marder, M. Synergistic interaction between hesperidin, a natural flavonoid, and diazepam. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 4-11-2005;512(2-3):189-198. PubMed
- Jin, Y. R., Han, X. H., Zhang, Y. H., Lee, J. J., Lim, Y., Chung, J. H., and Yun, Y. P. Antiplatelet activity of hesperetin, a bioflavonoid, is mainly mediated by inhibition of PLC-gamma2 phosphorylation and cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Atherosclerosis 200
- Loscalzo, L. M., Wasowski, C., Paladini, A. C., and Marder, M. Opioid receptors are involved in the sedative and antinociceptive effects of hesperidin as well as in its potentiation with benzodiazepines. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 2-12-2008;580(3):306-313. PubMed
- Yamamoto, M., Suzuki, A., Jokura, H., Yamamoto, N., and Hase, T. Glucosyl hesperidin prevents endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nutrition 2008;24(5):470-476. PubMed
- El-Readi, M. Z., Hamdan, D., Farrag, N., El-Shazly, A., and Wink, M. Inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity by limonin and other secondary metabolites from Citrus species in human colon and leukaemia cell lines. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1-25-2010;626(2-3):139-145 PubMed
- Buckshee, K., Takkar, D., and Aggarwal, N. Micronized flavonoid therapy in internal hemorrhoids of pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1997;57(2):145-151. PubMed
- Uesawa, Y. and Mohri, K. Hesperidin in orange juice reduces the absorption of celiprolol in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2008;29(3):185-188. PubMed
- Cho, YA, Choi, DH, and Choi, JS. Effect of hesperidin on the oral pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its main metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem, in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009;61(6):825-829. PubMed
- Piao, YJ and Choi, JS. Enhanced bioavailability of verapamil after oral administration with hesperidin in rats. Arch Pharm Res. 2008;31(4):518-522. PubMed
- Andersen KE. Hesperidin methyl chalcone?-?a new cosmetic contact allergen. Contact Dermatitis. 2015;72(6):402-4. PubMed
- Morand C, Dubray C, Milenkovic D, et al. Hesperidin contributes to the vascular protective effects of orange juice: a randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93(1):73-80. PubMed
- Homayouni F, Haidari F, Hedayati M, Zakerkish M, Ahmadi K. Blood pressure lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of hesperidin in type 2 diabetes; a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2018;32(6):1073-1079. PubMed
- Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Lorzadeh E, Khoshbakht Y, Salehi-Abargouei A. Hesperidin, a major flavonoid in orange juice, might not affect lipid profile and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials PubMed
- Valls RM, Pedret A, Calderón-Pérez L, et al. Effects of hesperidin in orange juice on blood and pulse pressures in mildly hypertensive individuals: a randomized controlled trial (Citrus study). Eur J Nutr. 2021;60(3):1277-1288. PubMed
Diosmin 20 references
- Misra MC, Parshad R. Randomized clinical trial of micronized flavonoids in the early control of bleeding from acute internal haemorrhoids. Br J Surgery 2000;87:868-72. PubMed
- Thanapongsathorn W, Vajrabukka T. Clinical trial of oral diosmin (Daflon) in the treatment of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:1085-8. PubMed
- Cospite M. Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of clinical activity and safety of Daflon 500 mg in the treatment of acute hemorrhoids. Angiology 1994;45:566-73.
- Guilhou JJ, Dereure O, Marzin L, et al. Efficacy of Daflon 500 mg in venous leg ulcer healing: a double-blind, randomized, controlled versus placebo trial in 107 patients. Angiology 1997;48:77-85.. PubMed
- Cospite, M. and Dominici, A. Double blind study of the pharmacodynamic and clinical activities of 5682 SE in venous insufficiency. Advantages of the new micronized form. Int Angiol. 1989;8(4 Suppl):61-65.
- Buckshee, K., Takkar, D., and Aggarwal, N. Micronized flavonoid therapy in internal hemorrhoids of pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1997;57(2):145-151. PubMed
- Kumar RM, Van Gompel JJ, Bower R, Rabinstein AA. Spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage associated with prolonged diosmin therapy. Neurocrit Care. 2011 Jun;14(3):438-40. PubMed
- Milano G, Leone S, Fucile C, Zuccoli ML, Stimamiglio A, Martelli A, Mattioli F. Uncommon serum creatine phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase increase during diosmin therapy: two case reports. J Med Case Rep. 2014 Jun 16;8:194. PubMed
- Rajnarayana K, Venkatesham A, Krishna DR. Bioavailability of diclofenac sodium after pretreatment with diosmin in healthy volunteers. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2007;22(2-3):165-74. PubMed
- Rajnarayana K, Venkatesham A, Nagulu M, Srinivas M, Krishna DR. Influence of diosmin pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics of chlorzoxazone in healthy male volunteers. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2008;23(3-4):311-21. PubMed
- Yoo HH, Lee M, Chung HJ, Lee SK, Kim DH. Effects of diosmin, a flavonoid glycoside in citrus fruits, on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Sep 5;55(18):7620-5. PubMed
- Bedada SK, Neerati P. Modulation of CYP3A enzyme activity by diosmin and its consequence on carbamazepine pharmacokinetics in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2018;391(2):115-21. PubMed
- Burkina V, Zlabek V, Halsne R, Ropstad E, Zamaratskaia G. In vitro effects of the citrus flavonoids diosmin, naringenin and naringin on the hepatic drug-metabolizing CYP3A enzyme in human, pig, mouse and fish. Biochem Pharmacol. 2016;110-111:109-16 PubMed
- Bedada SK, Boga PK. Influence of diosmin on the metabolism and disposition of carbamazepine in healthy subjects. Xenobiotica. 2017;47(10):879-84. PubMed
- Bedada SK, Boga PK, Kotakonda HK. The effect of diosmin on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in healthy human volunteers. Xenobiotica. 2017;47(3):230-35. PubMed
- Poór M, Boda G, Mohos V, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of diosmetin and silibinin with other drugs: Inhibition of CYP2C9-mediated biotransformation and displacement from serum albumin. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;102:912-921. PubMed
- Gavrilov SG, Karalkin AV, Moskalenko YP, Grishenkova AS. Efficacy of two micronized purified flavonoid fraction dosing regimens in the pelvic venous pain relief. Int Angiol. 2021;40(3):180-186. PubMed
- Steinbruch M, Nunes C, Gama R, et al. Is nonmicronized diosmin 600?mg as effective as micronized diosmin 900?mg plus hesperidin 100?mg on chronic venous disease symptoms? Results of a noninferiority study. Int J Vasc Med. 2020;2020:4237204. PubMed
- Schastlivtsev I, Lobastov K, Barinov V, Kanzafarova I. Diosmin 600 in adjunction to rivaroxaban reduces the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome after femoropopliteal deep vein thrombosis: results of the RIDILOTT DVT study. Int Angiol. 2020;39(5):361-371. PubMed
- Mansilha A, Caldevilla H, Puskás A, Lucien A, Roby L, Kirienko A. MPFF 1000 mg chewable once daily vs. MPFF 500 mg twice daily in chronic venous disease: the double-blind, randomized, non-inferiority CHEWY trial. Int Angiol 2022;41(6):464-475. PubMed
Bitter Orange 47 references
- Penzak SR, Jann MW, Cold JA, et al. Seville (sour) orange juice: synephrine content and cardiovascular effects in normotensive adults. J Clin Pharmacol 2001;41:1059-63. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Calapai G, Firenzuoli F, Saitta A, et al. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: A preliminary report. Fitoterapia 1999;70:586-92. DOI
- Keogh AM, Baron DW. Sympathomimetic abuse and coronary artery spasm. Br Med J 1985;291:940.
- Malhotra S, Bailey DG, Paine MF, Watkins PB. Seville orange juice-felodipine interaction: comparison with dilute grapefruit juice and involvement of furocoumarins. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:14-23. PubMed
- Pellati F, Benvenuti S, Melegari M, Firenzuoli F. Determination of adrenergic agonists from extracts and herbal products of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara by LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002;29:1113-9. . PubMed
- Colker CM, Kalman DS, Torina GC, et al. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Penzak SR, Acosta EP, Turner M, et al. Effect of Seville orange juice and grapefruit juice on indinavir pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42:1165-70. PubMed
- Edwards DJ, Fitzsimmons ME, Schuetz EG, et al. 6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin in grapefruit juice and Seville orange juice: effects on cyclosporine disposition, enterocyte CYP3A4, and P-glycoprotein. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;65:237-44. PubMed
- Di Marco MP, Edwards DJ, Wainer IW, Ducharme MP. The effect of grapefruit juice and seville orange juice on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan: the role of gut CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Life Sci 2002;71:1149-60. PubMed
- Visentin V, Morin N, Fontana E, et al. Dual action of octopamine on glucose transport into adipocytes: inhibition via beta3-adrenoceptor activation and stimulation via oxidation by amine oxidases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2001;299:96-104.
- Nykamp DL, Fackih MN, Compton AL. Possible association of acute lateral-wall myocardial infarction and bitter orange supplement. Ann Pharmacother 2004;38:812-6. PubMed
- Fugh-Berman A, Myers A. Citrus aurantium, an ingredient of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss: Current status of clinical and basic Research. Exp Biol Med 2004;229:698-704.
- Suzuki O, Matsumoto T, Oya M, Katsumata Y. Oxidation of synephrine by type A and type B monoamine oxidase. Experientia 1979;35:1283-4. PubMed
- Nasir JM, Durning SJ, Ferguson M, et al. Exercise-induced syncope associated with QT prolongation and ephedra-free Xenadrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2004;79:1059-62.. PubMed
- Firenzuoli F, Gori L, Galapai C. Adverse reaction to an adrenergic herbal extract (Citrus aurantium). Phytomedicine 2005;12:247-8. PubMed
- Bouchard NC, Howland MA, Greller HA, et al. Ischemic stroke associated with use of an ephedra-free dietary supplement containing synephrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2005;80:541-5. PubMed
- Haller CA, Benowitz NL, Jacob P 3rd. Hemodynamic effects of ephedra-free weight-loss supplements in humans. Am J Med 2005;118:998-1003.. PubMed
- Bui LT, Nguyen DT, Ambrose PJ. Blood pressure and heart rate effects following a single dose of bitter orange. Ann Pharmacother 2006;40:53-7. PubMed
- Min B, Cios D, Kluger J, White CM. Absence of QTc-interval-prolonging or hemodynamic effects of a single dose of bitter-orange extract in healthy subjects. Pharmacotherapy 2005;25:1719-24. PubMed
- Gange CA, Madias C, Felix-Getzik EM, et al. Variant angina associated with bitter orange in a dietary supplement. Mayo Clin Proc 2006;81:545-8. PubMed
- Jordan S, Murty M, Pilon K. Products containing bitter orange or synephrine: suspected cardiovascular adverse reactions. Canadian Adverse Reaction Newsletter 2004;14:3-4.
- Burke J, Seda G, Allen D, Knee TS. A case of severe exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis associated with a weight loss dietary supplement. Mil Med 2007;172:656-8. PubMed
- Gray, S. and Woolf, A. D. Citrus aurantium used for weight loss by an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc.Health 2005;37(5):414-415. PubMed
- Haller, C. A., Duan, M., Jacob, P., III, and Benowitz, N. Human pharmacology of a performance-enhancing dietary supplement under resting and exercise conditions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;65(6):833-840. PubMed
- Thomas, J. E., Munir, J. A., McIntyre, P. Z., and Ferguson, M. A. STEMI in a 24-year-old man after use of a synephrine-containing dietary supplement: a case report and review of the literature. Tex.Heart Inst.J 2009;36(6):586-590.
- Campbell-Tofte, J. I., Molgaard, P., Josefsen, K., Abdallah, Z., Hansen, S. H., Cornett, C., Mu, H., Richter, E. A., Petersen, H. W., Norregaard, J. C., and Winther, K. Randomized and double-blinded pilot clinical study of the safety and anti-diabetic ef
- Seifert, J. G., Nelson, A., Devonish, J., Burke, E. R., and Stohs, S. J. Effect of acute administration of an herbal preparation on blood pressure and heart rate in humans. Int J Med Sci 2011;8(3):192-197. PubMed
- Stohs, S. J., Preuss, H. G., Keith, S. C., Keith, P. L., Miller, H., and Kaats, G. R. Effects of p-synephrine alone and in combination with selected bioflavonoids on resting metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate and self-reported mood changes. Int J Med
- Wason, S., DiGiacinto, J. L., and Davis, M. W. Effects of grapefruit and Seville orange juices on the pharmacokinetic properties of colchicine in healthy subjects. Clin Ther 2012;34(10):2161-2173. PubMed
- Kaats, G. R., Miller, H., Preuss, H. G., and Stohs, S. J. A 60day double-blind, placebo-controlled safety study involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;55:358-362.
- Calapai, G., Firenzuoli, F., Saitta, A., Squadrito, F. R., Arlotta, M., Costantino, G., and Inferrera, G. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: a preliminary report. Fitoterapia 12-1-1999;70(6):586-592. DOI
- Colker, C., Kalman, D., and Torina, G. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's Wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Shara M, Stohs SJ. Safety evaluation of Bitter orange extract (p-synephrine) in healthy volunteers. J.Amer.Coll.Nutr. 2011;30:358.
- Lynch B. Review of the safety of p-synephrine and caffeine. Intertek-Cantox Report, 2013;1-20.
- Smith TB, Staub BA, Natarajan GM, et al. Acute myocardial infarction associated with dietary supplements containing 1,3-dimethylamylamine and Citrus aurantium. Tex Heart Inst J 2014;41(1):70-2. PubMed
- Shara M, Stohs SJ, Mukattash TL. Cardiovascular safety of oral p-synephrine (bitter orange) in healthy subjects: a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2016;30(5):842-7.
- Liu Y, Santillo MF. Cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4 enzyme inhibition by amine stimulants in dietary supplements. Drug Test Anal. 2016;8(3-4):307-10. PubMed
- Abdelkawy KS, Donia AM, Turner RB, Elbarbry F. Effects of Lemon and Seville Orange Juices on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Sildenafil in Healthy Subjects. Drugs R D. 2016 Sep;16(3):271-278. PubMed
- Gutiérrez-Hellín J, Salinero JJ, Abían-Vicen J, Areces F, Lara B, Gallo C, et al. Acute consumption of p-synephrine does not enhance performance in sprint athletes.J. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(1):63-9. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0299.
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