Hemo Comfort Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by SuperSmart
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Hemo Comfort against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Hemo Comfort is a dietary supplement by SuperSmart with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for hemorrhoids, varicose veins and poor circulation, leg swelling (venous insufficiency).Based on those ingredients, 1,335 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Diosmin, Hesperidin, Horse Chestnut Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
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AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
Hemo Comfort contains four active ingredients. Sophora japonica flower extract, hesperidin, bitter orange fruit extract, and horse chestnut extract are blended together to support circulation and vein health — each has traditional or research backing for that purpose.
The product also holds two inactive ingredients (acacia gum and white rice flour) that serve as binders and fillers.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for what this product does is limited. For hemorrhoids — often the main reason someone reaches for a vein-support supplement — both the pagoda tree extract and horse chestnut have insufficient reliable evidence to rate.
Horse chestnut does show possibly effective evidence specifically for chronic venous insufficiency (the condition behind swollen, achy veins), and hesperidin shows possibly effective evidence for high triglycerides (a blood fat). Beyond that, most claimed benefits lack established evidence in our data.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Pagoda tree flower is generally well tolerated when taken orally, but safety data in humans are limited — use it cautiously. The seed, however, is possibly unsafe long-term and carries rare reports of serious harm.
Hesperidin is generally well tolerated at food levels and in short-term use, though long-term safety data are sparse. Bitter orange in medicinal amounts may be unsafe; it commonly raises blood pressure and heart rate, especially when combined with caffeine or other stimulants, and rare serious events (heart attack, stroke, seizure) have been reported.
Horse chestnut seed extract (properly processed to remove toxic parts) is reasonably tolerated, but raw plant material is toxic. Common side effects from the extract include dizziness, upset stomach, headache, and itching.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking Hemo Comfort, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you use monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) — this is the single most serious risk. You should also screen any heart medications (especially verapamil or diltiazem), blood pressure drugs, blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents), diabetes medications, stimulants, sedatives like midazolam, drugs that prolong the QT interval, medications broken down by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, dextromethorphan (cough suppressant), or caffeine-containing products.
These interactions are documented for the ingredients we hold data on; we could not check diosmin and troxerutin.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Hemo Comfort is aimed at supporting circulation and vein comfort, but the evidence for that benefit is spotty, and its ingredients — particularly bitter orange — carry real interaction risks with many medications and can raise blood pressure and heart rate on their own. If you take any cardiac, psychiatric, or blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, blood thinners, or sedatives, you need to check this product with your doctor or pharmacist before starting.
Even without medications, talk it over with your healthcare provider if you have high blood pressure or heart concerns.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 25, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Hemo Comfort, straight from the product label.
| Brand | SuperSmart |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 5453003828099 |
| Net contents | 120 Vegetarian Capsule(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jun 25, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 332376 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Sophora japonica Flower Extract | 305 mg | -- |
| Hesperidin | 900 mg | -- |
| Diosmin | 900 mg | -- |
| Citrus aurantium Fruit Extract | 950 mg | -- |
| Troxerutin | 300 mg | -- |
| Horse Chestnut Extract | 700 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Adults. Take 4 vegetarian capsules per day.
Precautions
Precautions: Do not exceed the recommended daily dose. This product is a nutritional supplement and should not be used to replace a varied, balanced diet or healthy lifestyle.
Keep out of young children's reach.
As with all nutritional supplements, consult a health professional before taking if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or suffer from a health problem.
Storage
Store away from light, heat and humidity.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart
These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Hesperidin
Interacts with703 drugs
Hesperidin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that is often combined with diosmin and used for vein and circulation problems like hemorrhoids and v...
Hesperidin monograph & interactionsDiosmin
Interacts with885 drugs
Diosmin is a citrus-derived flavonoid most often used for vein-related problems such as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, and it is usuall...
Diosmin monograph & interactionsTroxerutin
Horse Chestnut Extract
Interacts with122 drugs
Horse chestnut seed extract is most often used for chronic venous insufficiency, where standardized products may help reduce leg swelling, pain, and h...
Horse Chestnut Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Acacia Gum, White Rice Flour. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart does interact with medications, and the most serious concerns involve its bitter orange content.
Through its Sophora japonica, hesperidin, bitter orange, and horse chestnut ingredients, this product affects a broad range of drug types. The single most serious risk is with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) — bitter orange contains synephrine and related compounds that can trigger a dangerous spike in blood pressure (hypertensive crisis) when combined with these antidepressants or other MAOI medications.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Hesperidin and bitter orange also carry moderate interactions with several cardiac and blood pressure medications: verapamil, diltiazem, and antihypertensive drugs may have their effects heightened or altered. Bitter orange additionally interacts with midazolam (a sedative), drugs that prolong the QT interval of the heart, most medications broken down by the liver enzyme CYP3A4, blood thinners (anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs), diabetes medications, stimulants, and dextromethorphan (a cough suppressant).
Caffeine interacts with both the pagoda tree extract and bitter orange — the combination may raise blood pressure and heart rate. Horse chestnut also carries a moderate interaction with blood thinners, raising bleeding risk.
Additionally, the product contains diosmin and troxerutin, which are listed as blend components rather than individual monographs in our data, so we could not check them for interactions. Altogether, these interactions span 1,310 individual medications.
Before you start Hemo Comfort, run your exact prescriptions and over-the-counter medications through the interaction checker below — and discuss the results with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you take any heart, blood pressure, or psychiatric medications.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Hemo Comfort?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Hemo Comfort interact with 1,335 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
4 of the 4 ingredients in Hemo Comfort interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Diosmin Hesperidin Horse Chestnut Extract Sophora japonica Flower Extract
OxcarbazepineOxtellar XR, Trileptal
How Oxcarbazepine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxcarbazepine interactionOxprenololSlow Trasicor, Trasicor
How Oxprenolol interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxprenolol interactionOxybutyninAnturol, Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Gelnique, Oxybutynin, Oxytrol
How Oxybutynin interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Oxybutynin interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxybutynin interactionOxycodoneOxecta, OxyContin, OxyIR, OxyNeo, Percolone, Roxicodone
How Oxycodone interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxycodone interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxycodone interactionOxycodone HydrochlorideRoxybond, Xtampza ER
How Oxycodone Hydrochloride interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxycodone Hydrochloride interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxycodone Hydrochloride interactionOxycodone, NaloxoneTarginiq ER
How Oxycodone, Naloxone interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxycodone, Naloxone interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase levels of drug metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxycodone, Naloxone interactionOxymetazoline HydrochlorideAfrin, Rhofade, Upneeq
How Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride interactionOxymetazoline Hydrochloride, Tetracaine HydrochlorideKovanaze
How Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride, Tetracaine Hydrochloride interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride, Tetracaine Hydrochloride interactionOxymorphoneNumorphan, Opana, Opana ER, Opana Injection
How Oxymorphone interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxymorphone interactionOxytetracyclineTerramycin
How Oxytetracycline interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Read the full Diosmin + Oxytetracycline interactionHesperidinP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxytetracycline interactionOxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, SulfamethizoleUrobiotic
How Oxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Oxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interactionDiosminP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Read the full Diosmin + Oxytetracycline, Phenazopyridine, Sulfamethizole interactionPaclitaxelAbraxane, Taxol
How Paclitaxel interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Paclitaxel interactionDiosminP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Read the full Diosmin + Paclitaxel interactionHesperidinP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Paclitaxel interactionPacritinibVonjo
How Pacritinib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Pacritinib interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pacritinib interactionPalbociclibIbrance
How Palbociclib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Palbociclib interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Palbociclib interactionPaliperidoneInvega
How Paliperidone interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Paliperidone interactionPaliperidone PalmitateInvega Trinza
How Paliperidone Palmitate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Paliperidone Palmitate interactionPalovaroteneSohonos
How Palovarotene interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Palovarotene interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Palovarotene interactionPanobinostatFarydak
How Panobinostat interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Panobinostat interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Panobinostat interactionPantoprazolePantoloc, Protonix, Protonix IV
How Pantoprazole interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pantoprazole interactionDiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Pantoprazole interactionParacetamolPanadol
How Paracetamol interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Paracetamol interactionPargylineEutonyl
How Pargyline interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Hesperidin + Pargyline interactionParicalcitolParicalcitol
How Paricalcitol interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Paricalcitol interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Paricalcitol interactionPasireotide DiaspartateSignifor
How Pasireotide Diaspartate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pasireotide Diaspartate interactionPazopanibVotrient
How Pazopanib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pazopanib interactionHesperidinP-glycoprotein Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Read the full Hesperidin + Pazopanib interactionDiosminP-glycoprotein Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Read the full Diosmin + Pazopanib interactionHorse Chestnut ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Horse Chestnut Extract + Pazopanib interactionPemigatinibPemazyre
How Pemigatinib interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
DiosminCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Diosmin + Pemigatinib interactionCitrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Bitter orange might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pemigatinib interactionPemolineCylert, Cylert Chewable
How Pemoline interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractStimulant Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might increase the risk of hypertension and adverse cardiovascular effects when taken with stimulant drugs.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pemoline interactionPenbutolol SulfateLevatol
How Penbutolol Sulfate interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Hesperidin + Penbutolol Sulfate interactionPentamidinePentam 300
How Pentamidine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Citrus Aurantium Fruit ExtractQt Interval-prolonging Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, bitter orange might have an additive effect when combined with drugs that prolong the QT interval, potentially increasing the risk of ventricular arrhythmias.
Read the full Citrus Aurantium Fruit Extract + Pentamidine interactionPentazocineTalwin
How Pentazocine interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Pentazocine interactionPentobarbitalNembutal
How Pentobarbital interacts with Hemo Comfort — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HesperidinCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Read the full Hesperidin + Pentobarbital interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Hemo Comfort with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Diosmin
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, diosmin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
A case of spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage has been reported for a 77-year-old female after 6 weeks of warfarin therapy, despite an international normalized ratio (INR) of only 1.8. The patient had also been taking aspirin and diosmin for several years. Experts speculate that chronic intake of diosmin predisposed the patient to spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage by inducing chronic microcirculatory hypertension and inhibiting platelet aggregation. The presence of aspirin was also thought to play a role in this event.
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Theoretically, diosmin might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine 200 mg increases blood levels of carbamazepine by approximately 58% and decreases carbamazepine clearance by 42%. It also decreases the formation of carbamazepine's active metabolite. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of carbamazepine by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
Chlorzoxazone (Parafon Forte, Paraflex)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of chlorzoxazone.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of chlorzoxazone 250 mg increases blood levels of chlorzoxazone by 53% and decreases chlorzoxazone clearance by 40%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of chlorzoxazone by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1).
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
Diclofenac is metabolized by CYP2C9 enzymes. Clinical and laboratory research shows that diosmin inhibits the metabolism of diclofenac. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of diclofenac 100 mg increases blood levels of diclofenac and decreases diclofenac clearance.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates.
Chlorzoxazone is metabolized by CYP2E1 enzymes. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of chlorzoxazone (Paraflex 250) 250 mg increases blood levels of chlorzoxazone by 34% and decreases chlorzoxazone clearance by 40%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of chlorzoxazone by inhibiting CYP2E1.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Laboratory research is conflicting with respect to the effects of diosmin on CYP3A4. Some research suggests that diosmin does not affect CYP3A4 activity. However, other research suggests that diosmin alters the metabolism of carbamazepine, a CYP3A4 substrate. Laboratory and animal research show that oral administration of diosmin for 7 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine increases plasma concentrations of carbamazepine, decreases the clearance of carbamazepine, and decreases the formation of carbamazepine's active metabolite. Additionally, pharmacokinetic research in healthy male subjects shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of carbamazepine 200 mg increases blood levels of carbamazepine by approximately 58% and decreases carbamazepine clearance by 42%. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of carbamazepine by inhibiting CYP3A4. Diosmetin, a metabolite of diosmin, may also inhibit CYP3A4.
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Others)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of diclofenac.
Clinical and laboratory research shows that diosmin inhibits the metabolism of diclofenac. A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex 500) 500 mg daily for 9 days prior to oral administration of diclofenac 100 mg increases blood levels of diclofenac and decreases diclofenac clearance. It is speculated that diosmin reduces the metabolism of diclofenac by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Theoretically, diosmin might increase the levels and clinical effects of fexofenadine.
A pharmacokinetic study in humans shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of fexofenadine 120 mg increases blood levels of fexofenadine by approximately 49% and decreases the apparent oral clearance of fexofenadine by 41%. The time taken to reach maximum plasma concentration, the half-life, and the apparent renal clearance of fexofenadine are not affected. For this reason, it is speculated that diosmin alters the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine via inhibition of P-glycoprotein in the intestine, but not in the kidney or liver.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, diosmin might increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein (P-gp).
Preliminary laboratory research suggests that diosmin inhibits P-gp. Additionally, pharmacokinetic research in healthy male subjects shows that taking diosmin (Venex) 500 mg daily for 10 days prior to oral administration of fexofenadine 120 mg increases blood levels of fexofenadine, a P-gp substrate, by approximately 49% and decreases the apparent oral clearance of fexofenadine by 41%. The time taken to reach maximum plasma concentration, the half-life, and the apparent renal clearance of fexofenadine are not affected. For this reason, it is speculated that diosmin inhibits P-gp in the intestine, but not in the kidney or liver.
Hesperidin
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal research suggests that hesperetin, a bioflavonoid aglycone derivative of hesperidin, may have antiplatelet activity.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking hesperidin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some clinical and animal research shows that hesperidin can decrease blood pressure. However, other clinical research shows that hesperidin does not affect blood pressure.
Celiprolol (Celicard)
Theoretically, hesperidin may decrease the levels and clinical effects of celiprolol.
Animal research shows that concomitant use of hesperidin may reduce the plasma area under the curve of celiprolol by up to 75%. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, concomitant use with CNS depressants may cause additive sedative effects.
Animal studies show that hesperidin has sedative effects, due to opioid receptor activity and can increase sedation when used with diazepam. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Others)
Theoretically, hesperidin may increase the levels and clinical effects of diltiazem.
Animal research suggests that hesperidin may enhance the bioavailability of diltiazem, increasing the plasma area under the curve of diltiazem by up to 65.3%. This effect has not been reported in humans.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, hesperidin might inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux and potentially increase levels of drugs that are substrates of P-glycoprotein.
In vitro research shows that hesperidin can inhibit P-glycoprotein efflux. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Verapamil (Calan, Others)
Theoretically, hesperidin might increase the levels and clinical effects of verapamil.
Animal research suggests that hesperidin may enhance the bioavailability of verapamil, increasing the plasma area under the curve of verapamil by 96.8%. This effect has not been reported in humans
Horse Chestnut Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Horse chestnut may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Horse chestnut contains the constituent esculin which has been shown to have antithrombotic effects. Therefore, horse chestnut might have antiplatelet effects. This has not been shown in humans.
Sophora japonica Flower Extract
Caffeine
Theoretically, pagoda tree might reduce the clearance of caffeine.
Pagoda tree contains genistein. Taking genistein 1 gram daily for 14 days seems to inhibit caffeine clearance and metabolism in healthy females. This effect has been attributed to inhibition of the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme, which is involved in caffeine metabolism. It is unclear if this effect occurs with the lower amounts of genistein found in pagoda tree.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Hemo Comfort, from the product label.
SuperSmart
See all SuperSmart products- Name
- SN Worldwide Unipessoal, Lda
- Street Address
- Avenida Do Infante 66, Edificio Quinta Avenida 1 C
- City
- Funchal
- ZipCode
- 9000-015
Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart: Common Questions
Does Hemo Comfort by SuperSmart interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
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Does Hemo Comfort actually work for hemorrhoids?
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Hemo Comfort is safe with your meds?
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Hemo Comfort’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Hesperidin
Interacts with 703 drugsHesperidin is a flavonoid found in citrus fruits that is often combined with diosmin and used for vein and circulation problems like hemorrhoids and varicose veins. Some evidence supports th...
Read the full Hesperidin monograph → Herb & supplement monographDiosmin
Interacts with 885 drugsDiosmin is a citrus-derived flavonoid most often used for vein-related problems such as chronic venous insufficiency and hemorrhoids, and it is usually combined with a related flavonoid call...
Read the full Diosmin monograph → Herb & supplement monographBitter Orange
Interacts with 959 drugsBitter orange is a citrus fruit whose extracts contain synephrine, a mild stimulant often added to weight-loss and energy supplements. Evidence that it works for weight loss or performance i...
Read the full Bitter Orange monograph → Herb & supplement monographPagoda Tree
Interacts with 29 drugsPagoda Tree (Styphnolobium japonicum, also called the Japanese pagoda tree) is a traditional Asian medicinal plant best known as a natural source of the flavonoid rutin. While it has a long...
Read the full Pagoda Tree monograph → Herb & supplement monographHorse Chestnut
Interacts with 122 drugsHorse chestnut seed extract is most often used for chronic venous insufficiency, where standardized products may help reduce leg swelling, pain, and heaviness. Raw, unprocessed horse chestnu...
Read the full Horse Chestnut monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Hemo Comfort's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 104 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Pagoda Tree 2 references
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Chen, Y., Xiao, C. Q., He, Y. J., Chen, B. L., Wang, G., Zhou, G., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Cao, S., Wang, L. P., and Zhou, H. H. Genistein alters caffeine exposure in healthy female volunteers. Eur.J Clin.Pharmacol. 2011;67(4):347-353. PubMed
Hesperidin 14 references
- Fernandez, S. P., Wasowski, C., Paladini, A. C., and Marder, M. Synergistic interaction between hesperidin, a natural flavonoid, and diazepam. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 4-11-2005;512(2-3):189-198. PubMed
- Jin, Y. R., Han, X. H., Zhang, Y. H., Lee, J. J., Lim, Y., Chung, J. H., and Yun, Y. P. Antiplatelet activity of hesperetin, a bioflavonoid, is mainly mediated by inhibition of PLC-gamma2 phosphorylation and cyclooxygenase-1 activity. Atherosclerosis 200
- Loscalzo, L. M., Wasowski, C., Paladini, A. C., and Marder, M. Opioid receptors are involved in the sedative and antinociceptive effects of hesperidin as well as in its potentiation with benzodiazepines. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 2-12-2008;580(3):306-313. PubMed
- Yamamoto, M., Suzuki, A., Jokura, H., Yamamoto, N., and Hase, T. Glucosyl hesperidin prevents endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Nutrition 2008;24(5):470-476. PubMed
- El-Readi, M. Z., Hamdan, D., Farrag, N., El-Shazly, A., and Wink, M. Inhibition of P-glycoprotein activity by limonin and other secondary metabolites from Citrus species in human colon and leukaemia cell lines. Eur.J.Pharmacol. 1-25-2010;626(2-3):139-145 PubMed
- Buckshee, K., Takkar, D., and Aggarwal, N. Micronized flavonoid therapy in internal hemorrhoids of pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1997;57(2):145-151. PubMed
- Uesawa, Y. and Mohri, K. Hesperidin in orange juice reduces the absorption of celiprolol in rats. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2008;29(3):185-188. PubMed
- Cho, YA, Choi, DH, and Choi, JS. Effect of hesperidin on the oral pharmacokinetics of diltiazem and its main metabolite, desacetyldiltiazem, in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009;61(6):825-829. PubMed
- Piao, YJ and Choi, JS. Enhanced bioavailability of verapamil after oral administration with hesperidin in rats. Arch Pharm Res. 2008;31(4):518-522. PubMed
- Andersen KE. Hesperidin methyl chalcone?-?a new cosmetic contact allergen. Contact Dermatitis. 2015;72(6):402-4. PubMed
- Morand C, Dubray C, Milenkovic D, et al. Hesperidin contributes to the vascular protective effects of orange juice: a randomized crossover study in healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93(1):73-80. PubMed
- Homayouni F, Haidari F, Hedayati M, Zakerkish M, Ahmadi K. Blood pressure lowering and anti-inflammatory effects of hesperidin in type 2 diabetes; a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res. 2018;32(6):1073-1079. PubMed
- Mohammadi M, Ramezani-Jolfaie N, Lorzadeh E, Khoshbakht Y, Salehi-Abargouei A. Hesperidin, a major flavonoid in orange juice, might not affect lipid profile and blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials PubMed
- Valls RM, Pedret A, Calderón-Pérez L, et al. Effects of hesperidin in orange juice on blood and pulse pressures in mildly hypertensive individuals: a randomized controlled trial (Citrus study). Eur J Nutr. 2021;60(3):1277-1288. PubMed
Diosmin 20 references
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- Thanapongsathorn W, Vajrabukka T. Clinical trial of oral diosmin (Daflon) in the treatment of hemorrhoids. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:1085-8. PubMed
- Cospite M. Double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of clinical activity and safety of Daflon 500 mg in the treatment of acute hemorrhoids. Angiology 1994;45:566-73.
- Guilhou JJ, Dereure O, Marzin L, et al. Efficacy of Daflon 500 mg in venous leg ulcer healing: a double-blind, randomized, controlled versus placebo trial in 107 patients. Angiology 1997;48:77-85.. PubMed
- Cospite, M. and Dominici, A. Double blind study of the pharmacodynamic and clinical activities of 5682 SE in venous insufficiency. Advantages of the new micronized form. Int Angiol. 1989;8(4 Suppl):61-65.
- Buckshee, K., Takkar, D., and Aggarwal, N. Micronized flavonoid therapy in internal hemorrhoids of pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 1997;57(2):145-151. PubMed
- Kumar RM, Van Gompel JJ, Bower R, Rabinstein AA. Spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage associated with prolonged diosmin therapy. Neurocrit Care. 2011 Jun;14(3):438-40. PubMed
- Milano G, Leone S, Fucile C, Zuccoli ML, Stimamiglio A, Martelli A, Mattioli F. Uncommon serum creatine phosphokinase and lactic dehydrogenase increase during diosmin therapy: two case reports. J Med Case Rep. 2014 Jun 16;8:194. PubMed
- Rajnarayana K, Venkatesham A, Krishna DR. Bioavailability of diclofenac sodium after pretreatment with diosmin in healthy volunteers. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2007;22(2-3):165-74. PubMed
- Rajnarayana K, Venkatesham A, Nagulu M, Srinivas M, Krishna DR. Influence of diosmin pretreatment on the pharmacokinetics of chlorzoxazone in healthy male volunteers. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 2008;23(3-4):311-21. PubMed
- Yoo HH, Lee M, Chung HJ, Lee SK, Kim DH. Effects of diosmin, a flavonoid glycoside in citrus fruits, on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux in human intestinal Caco-2 cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Sep 5;55(18):7620-5. PubMed
- Bedada SK, Neerati P. Modulation of CYP3A enzyme activity by diosmin and its consequence on carbamazepine pharmacokinetics in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2018;391(2):115-21. PubMed
- Burkina V, Zlabek V, Halsne R, Ropstad E, Zamaratskaia G. In vitro effects of the citrus flavonoids diosmin, naringenin and naringin on the hepatic drug-metabolizing CYP3A enzyme in human, pig, mouse and fish. Biochem Pharmacol. 2016;110-111:109-16 PubMed
- Bedada SK, Boga PK. Influence of diosmin on the metabolism and disposition of carbamazepine in healthy subjects. Xenobiotica. 2017;47(10):879-84. PubMed
- Bedada SK, Boga PK, Kotakonda HK. The effect of diosmin on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine in healthy human volunteers. Xenobiotica. 2017;47(3):230-35. PubMed
- Poór M, Boda G, Mohos V, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of diosmetin and silibinin with other drugs: Inhibition of CYP2C9-mediated biotransformation and displacement from serum albumin. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;102:912-921. PubMed
- Gavrilov SG, Karalkin AV, Moskalenko YP, Grishenkova AS. Efficacy of two micronized purified flavonoid fraction dosing regimens in the pelvic venous pain relief. Int Angiol. 2021;40(3):180-186. PubMed
- Steinbruch M, Nunes C, Gama R, et al. Is nonmicronized diosmin 600?mg as effective as micronized diosmin 900?mg plus hesperidin 100?mg on chronic venous disease symptoms? Results of a noninferiority study. Int J Vasc Med. 2020;2020:4237204. PubMed
- Schastlivtsev I, Lobastov K, Barinov V, Kanzafarova I. Diosmin 600 in adjunction to rivaroxaban reduces the risk of post-thrombotic syndrome after femoropopliteal deep vein thrombosis: results of the RIDILOTT DVT study. Int Angiol. 2020;39(5):361-371. PubMed
- Mansilha A, Caldevilla H, Puskás A, Lucien A, Roby L, Kirienko A. MPFF 1000 mg chewable once daily vs. MPFF 500 mg twice daily in chronic venous disease: the double-blind, randomized, non-inferiority CHEWY trial. Int Angiol 2022;41(6):464-475. PubMed
Bitter Orange 47 references
- Penzak SR, Jann MW, Cold JA, et al. Seville (sour) orange juice: synephrine content and cardiovascular effects in normotensive adults. J Clin Pharmacol 2001;41:1059-63. PubMed
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Calapai G, Firenzuoli F, Saitta A, et al. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: A preliminary report. Fitoterapia 1999;70:586-92. DOI
- Keogh AM, Baron DW. Sympathomimetic abuse and coronary artery spasm. Br Med J 1985;291:940.
- Malhotra S, Bailey DG, Paine MF, Watkins PB. Seville orange juice-felodipine interaction: comparison with dilute grapefruit juice and involvement of furocoumarins. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:14-23. PubMed
- Pellati F, Benvenuti S, Melegari M, Firenzuoli F. Determination of adrenergic agonists from extracts and herbal products of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara by LC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2002;29:1113-9. . PubMed
- Colker CM, Kalman DS, Torina GC, et al. Effects of Citrus aurantium extract, caffeine, and St. John's wort on body fat loss, lipid levels, and mood states in overweight healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1999;60:145-153. DOI
- Penzak SR, Acosta EP, Turner M, et al. Effect of Seville orange juice and grapefruit juice on indinavir pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42:1165-70. PubMed
- Edwards DJ, Fitzsimmons ME, Schuetz EG, et al. 6',7'-Dihydroxybergamottin in grapefruit juice and Seville orange juice: effects on cyclosporine disposition, enterocyte CYP3A4, and P-glycoprotein. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;65:237-44. PubMed
- Di Marco MP, Edwards DJ, Wainer IW, Ducharme MP. The effect of grapefruit juice and seville orange juice on the pharmacokinetics of dextromethorphan: the role of gut CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Life Sci 2002;71:1149-60. PubMed
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- Calapai, G., Firenzuoli, F., Saitta, A., Squadrito, F. R., Arlotta, M., Costantino, G., and Inferrera, G. Antiobesity and cardiovascular toxic effects of Citrus aurantium extracts in the rat: a preliminary report. Fitoterapia 12-1-1999;70(6):586-592. DOI
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Horse Chestnut 21 references
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