Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Horny Goat Weed Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Cybergenics

Horny Goat Weed label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Horny Goat Weed against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Horny Goat Weed is a dietary supplement by Cybergenics with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for low libido and sexual function, energy and stamina, menopause symptoms.Based on those ingredients, 1,209 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Horny Goat Weed, Cordyceps sinensis extract, Mucuna pruriens extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (200 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

This tablet contains 5 ingredients, including a proprietary blend and four named extracts: Maca, Cordyceps sinensis, Mucuna pruriens, Horny Goat Weed, and Oat Aerial Parts Extract. The proprietary blend's component ingredients are listed separately.

Most of these are herbal extracts — Mucuna pruriens contains levodopa, an active compound similar to a pharmaceutical drug, so it's handled differently than typical supplement ingredients. The product also includes inactive ingredients (fillers and binders) such as calcium carbonate, microcrystalline cellulose, silica, and magnesium stearate to hold the tablet together.

Does it work?

Insufficient evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Insufficient

There isn't enough reliable clinical evidence to rate this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: boost libido and support sexual function.
  • We looked for evidence on: Erectile dysfunction (ED), Sexual desire, Sexual dysfunction, Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction, Age-related testosterone deficiency, Male infertility — and 2 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Maca is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Maca is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Sexual desire, Age-related testosterone deficiency, Male infertility.
  • Also on file: Cordyceps is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Sexual dysfunction.

The evidence we hold for most of these ingredients is incomplete. Maca, Cordyceps, Mucuna pruriens, and Horny Goat Weed have insufficient reliable evidence for the conditions this product is typically used for — including sexual dysfunction and athletic performance.

Oat Aerial Parts Extract is an exception: it's likely effective for dyslipidemia (high cholesterol) and coronary heart disease risk reduction. If you're considering this product for sexual function or athletic performance, the science doesn't yet support its use for those purposes based on the data we have.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Maca Cordyceps Cowhage Oats Horny Goat Weed

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Cordyceps is generally well tolerated short-term, though product quality varies widely and long-term safety isn't established. The most common side effects are stomach upset, constipation, and diarrhea — occasional and usually mild.

Mucuna pruriens can cause diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, and in some people insomnia; a small number of trial participants reported headaches. Horny Goat Weed is generally tolerated short-term but may cause dizziness, dry mouth, nosebleed, thirst, or vomiting; a rare case of serious heart rhythm problems has been reported, though it's unclear if the product alone was responsible.

Oat extract typically causes only mild digestive side effects like bloating and flatulence, which usually improve with continued use. Maca's adverse effects aren't well studied at supplement doses, though raw, uncooked maca may cause stomach pain.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Maca Cordyceps Cowhage Oats Horny Goat Weed

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Cordyceps, Horny Goat Weed, Oats, Cowhage.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 1,210 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, check whether you use methyldopa, an MAOI, or levodopa — these have major interactions and should be avoided. Also double-check if you take blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs), blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, insulin, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, or any hormone therapies including estrogens.

Additionally, if your medications are processed by your liver — a large group — they could be affected. Run your exact medications through the checker on this page.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with insufficient evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product has important interactions with blood pressure drugs, blood thinners, diabetes medications, certain antidepressants, and several other medication categories — and one ingredient (Mucuna pruriens) carries major risks with specific drugs. If you take any prescription medication, check it against this product before you start.

The evidence for sexual function and athletic performance isn't established, though the oat extract may help with cholesterol. Talk to your pharmacist about whether this is right for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Horny Goat Weed, straight from the product label.

Brand Cybergenics
Barcode (UPC) 035046123482
Net contents 60 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Nov 22, 2023
DSLD ID 299418
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
035046123482
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend200 mg--
Maca0 NP--
Cordyceps sinensis extract0 NP--
Mucuna pruriens extract0 NP--
Horny Goat Weed500 mg--
Oat Aerial Parts Extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Calcium Carbonate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Methocel E15, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Glycerin, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Carnauba Wax

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

Keep out of reach of children

Do not purchase if seal is broken

Warning: Pregnant or lactating women should consult with their physician prior to taking this product.

Storage

Protect from heat, light, and moisture Store in a cool, dry place

Formulation

Caffeine free Non GMO Gluten free

Nature's aphrodisiac Helps boost libido Supports sexual function Promotes healthy circulation

General Statements

Please Recycle

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Cybergenics Anti-Aging Nutritional Technologies

Formula

Epimedium 500MG. 10% Icariin with Maca & Cordyceps

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: One (1) tablet daily with food.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Horny Goat Weed label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

200 mg per serving

Horny Goat Weed

Interacts with
963 drugs
500 mg per serving Form: Epimedium sagittatum

Horny goat weed (Epimedium) is a traditional Chinese herb most often marketed for low libido and erectile problems, but solid human evidence for these...

Horny Goat Weed monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Calcium Carbonate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Methocel E15, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silica, Glycerin, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Carnauba Wax. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Horny Goat Weed?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,209Drugs
17 Major 1,189 Moderate 3 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Horny Goat Weed 963
Cordyceps sinensis extract 249
Mucuna pruriens extract 193
Oat Aerial Parts Extract 86

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Horny Goat Weed interact with 1,209 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in Horny Goat Weed interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Horny Goat Weed Cordyceps sinensis extract Mucuna pruriens extract Oat Aerial Parts Extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Horny Goat Weed with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Horny Goat Weed6 drug types · 963 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research and animal research shows that horny goat weed can inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Laboratory research suggests that horny goat weed might have hypotensive effects. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP1A2. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates

Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP2B6 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP2B6. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro, horny goat weed extract inhibits CYP3A4 and suppresses CYP3A4 mRNA expression. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, concomitant use of horny goat weed with estrogens might increase their therapeutic and adverse effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that horny goat weed has estrogenic activity. In clinical research, horny goat weed has been shown to increase blood levels of estrogen in some females.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Horny Goat Weed full monograph & interactions

Cordyceps sinensis extract3 drug types · 249 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, cordyceps may increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that cordyceps extract inhibits platelet aggregation and function. However, this interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, concurrent use of cordyceps might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Animal and in vitro research suggests that cordyceps stimulates the immune system. However, limited clinical research suggests that taking cordyceps may lower the necessary therapeutic dose of the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, which suggests that cordyceps may have an immunosuppressive effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Testosterone

Theoretically, concurrent use of cordyceps and testosterone might have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that cordyceps can increase testosterone levels. The clinical significance of this finding is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cordyceps sinensis extract full monograph & interactions

Mucuna pruriens extract8 drug types · 193 drugs

Levodopa

Concomitant use can increase the risk of levodopa-related adverse effects.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Some cowhage products have been standardized to contain 75-400 mg of levodopa per dose.

Likelihood Likely Evidence D
Methyldopa (Aldomet)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and methyldopa might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with methyldopa might cause additive hypotension. In addition, methyldopa may inhibit peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa and increase levodopa levels in the central nervous system; avoid using.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (Maois)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and non-selective MAOIs might increase the risk of hypertensive crisis.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with non-selective MAOIs might cause hypertensive crisis. However, this interaction has not been reported with MAO-B selective inhibitors such as selegiline.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anesthesia

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and anesthesia might increase the risk of arrhythmias.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with cyclopropane or halogenated hydrocarbon anesthesia has led to arrhythmias. Other anesthetics have not been implicated. Use other anesthetics in patients taking cowhage or tell patients to stop taking cowhage at least 2 weeks before surgery.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research shows that cowhage might have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antipsychotic Drugs

Theoretically, use of cowhage might decrease the clinical effects of antipsychotic drugs.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa might counteract the antidopaminergic effects of antipsychotic medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Guanethidine (Ismelin)

Theoretically, concomitant use of cowhage and guanethidine might increase the risk of hypotension.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of levodopa with guanethidine might cause additive hypotension; avoid using.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Tricyclic Antidepressants (Tcas)

Theoretically, use of TCAs might reduce the levels and clinical effects of cowhage.
Cowhage contains levodopa. Use of TCAs might reduce the absorption of levodopa. Some case reports describe patients that developed hypertension and dyskinesia when taking both levodopa and TCAs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Mucuna pruriens extract full monograph & interactions

Oat Aerial Parts Extract2 drug types · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, oats may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Consuming oats can decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes. In those who require insulin, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Insulin

Concomitant use of oats and insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In patients with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Oat Aerial Parts Extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Horny Goat Weed, from the product label.

Cybergenics

See all Cybergenics products
Name
Windmill Health Products
Street Address
10 Henderson Drive
City
West Caldwell
State
NJ
ZipCode
07006
Web Address
windmillvitamins.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics: Common Questions

Does Horny Goat Weed by Cybergenics interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Horny Goat Weed has a known interaction with 1,209 medications, including 17 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Horny Goat Weed contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
The safety data advises against it. Mucuna pruriens and Cordyceps are best avoided in pregnancy because there isn't enough safety data. Mucuna pruriens is especially risky while breastfeeding — the levodopa it contains can lower prolactin and reduce milk supply. Horny Goat Weed is possibly unsafe in pregnancy and also not studied in breastfeeding. Maca and Horny Goat Weed lack enough data for breastfeeding safety. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.
What's levodopa, and why is it a concern?
Levodopa is a drug-like compound in Mucuna pruriens that your body converts to dopamine — it's the same active ingredient used in Parkinson's disease medication. Because it's so potent, it has major interactions with certain blood pressure and psychiatric medications that could cause serious harm. It's also why Mucuna pruriens needs professional guidance, not just casual use like a typical herbal supplement.
Will this help with sexual function?
The evidence isn't established in our data. Horny Goat Weed, Cordyceps, and Mucuna pruriens all have insufficient reliable evidence for sexual dysfunction. That means we don't have enough good research yet to say whether they work.
What are the most common side effects?
Digestive upset is most frequent — diarrhea, constipation, bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort are the side effects reported across the ingredients. Horny Goat Weed may also cause dizziness, dry mouth, nosebleed, or thirst. Most of these are mild, especially if you take the product with food, and often improve with continued use.
Is this safe for diabetics?
If you have diabetes and take insulin or diabetes medications, you need to talk with your pharmacist before using this product. Both Mucuna pruriens and oat extract can lower blood sugar, so taking them together with your diabetes drugs could increase your risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Your doses may need adjusting.
What's in the proprietary blend, and why isn't it listed?
The proprietary blend contains a combination of ingredients whose individual amounts aren't disclosed — that's a legal choice the manufacturer made to protect their formula. However, we know what the four named ingredients in the product are, and we've checked each of them for interactions. The four named extracts (Maca, Cordyceps, Mucuna pruriens, and Horny Goat Weed) are checked separately, so you still have the safety information you need.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Horny Goat Weed is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Horny Goat Weed label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Horny Goat Weed’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Maca

Maca is a nutrient-rich Andean root often used for energy, libido, and menopause symptoms. Early studies suggest it may modestly help sexual desire and some menopause symptoms, but the evide...

Read the full Maca monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Cordyceps

Interacts with 249 drugs

Cordyceps is a fungus used in traditional Chinese medicine for energy, exercise performance, and lung and immune support. Human research is limited and mostly low quality, so its benefits ar...

Read the full Cordyceps monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Cowhage

Interacts with 193 drugs

Cowhage (Mucuna pruriens) is a tropical legume best known as a natural source of L-dopa, the compound the body turns into dopamine. It is most studied for Parkinson's disease symptoms and ma...

Read the full Cowhage monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Oats

Interacts with 86 drugs

Oats are a well-studied whole grain whose soluble fiber (beta-glucan) can help lower cholesterol and support heart health when eaten regularly. As a food, oats are safe for most people, and...

Read the full Oats monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Horny Goat Weed

Interacts with 963 drugs

Horny goat weed (Epimedium) is a traditional Chinese herb most often marketed for low libido and erectile problems, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. While short-term use s...

Read the full Horny Goat Weed monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Horny Goat Weed's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 51 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Maca 1 reference
  1. Valerio, L. G., Jr. and Gonzales, G. F. Toxicological aspects of the South American herbs cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) and Maca (Lepidium meyenii) : a critical synopsis. Toxicol.Rev 2005;24(1):11-35. PubMed

See these in context on the Maca monograph →

Cordyceps 14 references
  1. Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of an ancient Chinese herbal medicine: Cordyceps sinensis: part I. J Altern Complement Med 1998;4:289-303.
  2. Zhu JS, Halpern GM, Jones K. The scientific rediscovery of a precious ancient Chinese herbal regimen: Cordyceps sinensis: part II. J Altern Complement Med 1998;4:429-57.
  3. Chen YJ, Shiao MS, Lee SS, Wang SY. Effect of Cordyceps sinensis on the proliferation and differentiation of human leukemic U937 cells. Life Sci 1997;60:2349-59. PubMed
  4. Zhao Y. [Inhibitory effects of alcoholic extract of Cordyceps sinensis on abdominal aortic thrombus formation in rabbits]. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih (Taipei) 1991;71:612-5, 42.
  5. Chen GZ, Chen GL, Sun T, et al. Effects of Cordyceps sinensis on murine T lymphocyte subsets. Chin Med J (English) 1991;104:4-8.
  6. Zhu XY, Yu HY. [Immunosuppressive effect of cultured Cordyceps sinensis on cellular immune response]. Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih 1990;10:485-7, 454.
  7. Hsu, C. C., Huang, Y. L., Tsai, S. J., Sheu, C. C., and Huang, B. M. In vivo and in vitro stimulatory effects of Cordyceps sinensis on testosterone production in mouse Leydig cells. Life Sci 9-5-2003;73(16):2127-2136. PubMed
  8. Ikumoto, T., Sasaki, S., Namba, H., Toyama, R., Moritoki, H., and Mouri, T. [Physiologically active compounds in the extracts from tochukaso and cultured mycelia of Cordyceps and Isaria]. Yakugaku Zasshi 1991;111(9):504-509. PubMed
  9. Wu, T. N., Yang, K. C., Wang, C. M., Lai, J. S., Ko, K. N., Chang, P. Y., and Liou, S. H. Lead poisoning caused by contaminated Cordyceps, a Chinese herbal medicine: two case reports. Sci.Total Environ. 4-5-1996;182(1-3):193-195. PubMed
  10. Hong T, Zhang M, Fan J. Cordyceps sinensis (a traditional Chinese medicine) for kidney transplant recipients (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(10):CD009698. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009698.pub2.
  11. Zhang HW, Lin ZX, Tung YS, Kwan TH, Mok CK, Leung C, Chan LS. Cordyceps sinensis (a traditional Chinese medicine) for treating chronic kidney disease (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(12):CD008353. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008353.pub2. PubMed
  12. Bee Yean O, Zoriah A. Efficacy of Cordyceps sinensis as an adjunctive treatment in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. J Tradit Chin Med. 2019;39(1):1-14.
  13. Thurian D, Montani M, Stickel F. Drug-induced, mixed-type hepatitis following ingestion of Cordyceps sinensis. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022;60(2):115-120. PubMed
  14. Yu X, Mao Y, Shergis JL, et al. Effectiveness and safety of oral Cordyceps sinensis on stable COPD of GOLD stages 2-3: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019;2019:4903671.

See these in context on the Cordyceps monograph →

Cowhage 12 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  3. Anon. Epidemiological notes and reports: Mucuna pruriens-associated pruritus--New Jersey. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1985;34:732-3.
  4. HP-200 in Parkinson's Disease study group. An alternative medicine treatment for Parkinson's disease: Results of a multicenter clinical trial. J Alt Comp Med 1995;1:249-55. DOI
  5. Infante ME, Perez AM, Simao MR, et al. Outbreak of acute toxic psychosis attributed to Mucuna pruriens. Lancet 1990;336:1129. PubMed
  6. Vaidya AB, Rajagopalan TG, Mankodi NA, et al. Treatment of Parkinson's disease with the cowhage plant-Mucuna pruriens Bak. Neurol India 1978;26:171-6.
  7. Vadivel V, Janardhanan K. Nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of velvet bean: an under-utilized food legume in south India. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2000;51:279-87. PubMed
  8. Akhtar MS, Qureshi AQ, Iqbal J. Antidiabetic evaluation of Mucuna pruriens, Linn seeds. J Pak Med Assoc 1990;40:147-50.
  9. Prakash, D., Niranjan, A., and Tewari, S. K. Some nutritional properties of the seeds of three Mucuna species. Int.J.Food Sci.Nutr. 2001;52(1):79-82.
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See these in context on the Cowhage monograph →

Horny Goat Weed 11 references
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See these in context on the Horny Goat Weed monograph →

Oats 13 references
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See these in context on the Oats monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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