Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Market America

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) is a dietary supplement by Market America with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for colds, flu (influenza), other respiratory infections.Based on those ingredients, 497 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Andrographis, MycoFusion, Elderberry. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) contains 4 active ingredients. Elderberry is a berry extract with traditional use for immune support.

Andrographis is an herb from traditional Asian medicine, also marketed for immune function. The product includes two forms of maitake mushroom — MycoFusion and MaitakeGold 404 — both derived from the same mushroom species and intended to support immune health.

The capsules also contain inactive ingredients: gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: immune system support during seasonal stress.
  • We looked for evidence on: Acute bronchitis, Allergic rhinitis (hay fever), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Influenza, Lower respiratory tract infections, Respiratory tract infections — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Andrographis is rated "Possibly Effective" for Tonsillopharyngitis (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Elderberry is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Allergic rhinitis (hay fever), Respiratory tract infections, Rhinosinusitis, Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), and more.
  • Also on file: Maitake Mushroom is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Allergic rhinitis (hay fever).

The evidence on how well these ingredients work is limited. Andrographis has been rated Possibly Effective for tonsillopharyngitis (sore throat), osteoarthritis, and ulcerative colitis, but for most other conditions the data we hold shows Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate, including for hay fever, chronic fatigue syndrome, respiratory infections, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive function.

Elderberry and the maitake mushroom forms are similarly unrated in our data for conditions like hay fever, chronic fatigue, and respiratory infection. If you're considering this product for a specific health goal, talk with us about what the science actually shows for that use.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Elderberry Andrographis Maitake Mushroom

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 3 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 3.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 3 of 3.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Properly cooked elderberry is generally well tolerated, but raw or unripe elderberries and other parts of the elder plant can be toxic, causing nausea, vomiting, severe diarrhea, weakness, dizziness, numbness, and confusion — cooking eliminates the toxin. Andrographis is generally well tolerated in the short term, though adverse effects become more likely at higher doses or after more than 14 days.

Common side effects include abdominal discomfort, altered taste, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, and hives; rare serious effects include severe allergic reactions and anaphylaxis. Maitake mushroom is generally well tolerated as food, with the most common side effects being diarrhea and stomach discomfort.

Small numbers of trial participants reported nausea, stomach pain, or rash. For pregnancy, safety data advises against elderberry and andrographis supplements — there isn't enough information to know it's safe, so it's best to avoid them.

For maitake mushroom, the concentrated supplement forms should be avoided during pregnancy due to insufficient safety data. For breastfeeding, there isn't enough reliable safety information for any of these ingredients, so avoid them while nursing unless you've talked it through with your pharmacist or doctor.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Elderberry Andrographis Maitake Mushroom

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 3 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Elderberry, Maitake Mushroom, Andrographis.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 497 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Immune (Maximum Defense Formula), check your list if you're on immunosuppressants, blood pressure medication, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (especially warfarin), diabetes medication, or pazopanib. These are the drug types with Moderate-severity interaction risks.

If you take etoricoxib, celecoxib, or glipizide, those carry Minor risks. No interactions are documented for any ingredient we could not check in our data.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product may appeal to someone looking for immune support, but the evidence on whether it actually works for that purpose is limited for most conditions. If you take blood pressure medication, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, cancer medication, or immunosuppressants, you should check your exact medications with the tool below before starting — the interactions here are real concerns.

Andrographis may not be suitable at all if you're pregnant. Talk with your pharmacist about your medications and whether this product makes sense for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 23, 2011.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Immune (Maximum Defense Formula), straight from the product label.

Brand Market America
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 23, 2011
DSLD ID 3121
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
IngredientAmount% DV
Elderberry400 mg--
Andrographis262.5 mg--
MycoFusion250 mg--
MaitakeGold 40410 mg--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Immune supports the body's immune system and helps maintain general health during seasonal stress.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions for Use: Take two capsules daily.

Precautions

Warning: People with a known sensitivity to mushrooms or corn should not take this product.

If you currently have an autoimmune disease, such as multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythemalosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or others, you should not take this product.

If you are currently taking any prescription drugs or have an ongoing medical condition, you should consult your physician before using this product. Take this supplement separately from medications. Women who are pregnant or nursing should not take this product.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Do not use if safety seal is broken or missing.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Formula

With MaitakeGold 404

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Brand IP Statement(s)

MaitakeGold 404 is a registered trademark of Tradeworks Group, Inc., and is licensed under U.S. patent No. 5,854,404. MycoFusion is a trademark of Tradeworks Group, Inc.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Elderberry

Interacts with
121 drugs
400 mg per serving Form: Anthocyanidins

Elderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu sym...

Elderberry monograph & interactions

Andrographis

Interacts with
413 drugs
262.5 mg per serving Form: Andrographolides

Andrographis is a bitter Asian herb traditionally used for colds, flu, and infections, and some studies suggest it may ease cold symptoms and shorten...

Andrographis monograph & interactions

MycoFusion

Interacts with
260 drugs
250 mg per serving

Maitake is an edible mushroom long used as food and in traditional Japanese medicine, and it is being studied for possible immune, blood sugar, and bl...

MycoFusion monograph & interactions

MaitakeGold 404

Interacts with
260 drugs
10 mg per serving

Maitake is an edible mushroom long used as food and in traditional Japanese medicine, and it is being studied for possible immune, blood sugar, and bl...

MaitakeGold 404 monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Silicon Dioxide, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Immune (Maximum Defense Formula)?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
497Drugs
494 Moderate 3 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Andrographis 413
MycoFusion 260
Elderberry 121

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) interact with 497 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 4 ingredients in Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Andrographis MycoFusion Elderberry

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Andrographis6 drug types · 413 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal and laboratory studies suggest that andrographis has antiplatelet effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that andrographis has hypotensive effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that andrographolide has immunostimulant activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib. The clinical significance of these changes is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally increases the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib but does not appear to impact the area under the curve.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Etoricoxib (Arcoxia)

Theoretically, andrographis might decrease the absorption of etoricoxib, although the clinical significance is unclear.
Animal research shows that andrographis extract, or the constituent andrographolide, taken orally with etoricoxib decreases the bioavailability of etoricoxib. However, this reduced bioavailability is not correlated with a reduction in the anti-inflammatory effects of etoricoxib in arthritic mice models. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glipizide (Glucotrol)

Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide; however, opposite effects are seen with the constituent, andrographolide. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally with glipizide in diabetes-induced rats increases the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide. However, the opposite effect is seen with the constituent, andrographolide, in which the maximum concentration and area under the curve are decreased when taken with glipizide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Andrographis full monograph & interactions

MycoFusion3 drug types · 260 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, combining maitake mushroom with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research shows that taking maitake mushroom polysaccharide (MMP) can lower blood glucose levels in patients with types 2 diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, combining maitake mushroom with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Animal research shows that maitake mushroom can lower blood pressure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is limited evidence that maitake mushroom may increase the anticoagulant effects of warfarin.
In a case report, a patient previously stabilized on warfarin developed an elevated international normalized ratio (INR) of 5.1 after taking maitake mushroom (Grifron-Pro Maitake D-Fraction) 1 drop/kg daily in three divided doses for one week. The elevated INR resolved after holding warfarin for two days, then reducing the dose by 11%. It is thought that the beta-glucan constituent of maitake mushroom might cause warfarin dissociation from proteins, resulting in increased free warfarin levels and increased warfarin effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
MycoFusion full monograph & interactions

Elderberry2 drug types · 121 drugs

Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, elderberry might interfere with immunosuppressant therapy due to its immunostimulant activity.
Elderberry has immunostimulant activity, increasing the production of cytokines, including interleukin and tumor necrosis factor.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Pazopanib (Votrient)

Theoretically, elderberry might interact with pazopanib, potentially increasing the risk of adverse effects.
In one case, a 65-year-old patient taking pazopanib for 4 weeks for soft-tissue sarcoma developed severe nausea, loose stools, and elevated alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels and was diagnosed with grade 3 liver injury. The patient reported taking elderberry supplements for 2 years, dose unspecified, and was also taking a multivitamin and a calcium supplement. The patient's symptoms and liver enzyme levels improved upon discontinuation of pazopanib and all supplements. Pazopanib treatment was re-initiated, at a lower dose, with no further evidence of liver injury. It was unclear in this case report if the elderberry supplements were derived from the berry, the flower, or the combination.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Elderberry full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Immune (Maximum Defense Formula), from the product label.

Market America

See all Market America products
Name
Market America, Inc.
City
Greensboro
State
NC
ZipCode
27409
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America: Common Questions

Does Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) by Market America interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) has a known interaction with 497 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is this safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. Elderberry and andrographis should be avoided during pregnancy — there isn't enough safety data to know they're safe. The maitake mushroom concentrated supplements should also be avoided in pregnancy. For breastfeeding, none of these ingredients have enough safety information, so it's best to avoid this product while nursing. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether a different approach makes sense for you.
What's MycoFusion and MaitakeGold 404 — are they the same thing?
Both are forms of maitake mushroom, which is a fungus used in supplements for immune support. They're derived from the same source but may be processed or concentrated differently. In our data, they carry the same interaction risks and have the same limited evidence for effectiveness.
Can this supplement cause a rash or allergic reaction?
Andrographis has been reported to cause rash, hives, itching, and rarely more serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis — these happen more often at higher doses. Maitake mushroom rarely caused rash and itching in clinical trials, and the reaction cleared on its own. If you develop rash, hives, or trouble breathing after taking this product, stop and contact your doctor or pharmacist right away.
What are the most common side effects I might notice?
Andrographis most often causes abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, altered taste, nausea, vomiting, headache, fatigue, and dizziness. Maitake mushroom commonly causes diarrhea and stomach discomfort. Elderberry from properly cooked fruit is generally well tolerated, but raw berries or other plant parts can cause nausea, vomiting, and severe diarrhea. Most adverse effects are mild and in small numbers of people in trials.
How long is it safe to take this product?
Andrographis is often well tolerated short-term, but adverse effects become more likely at higher doses or if you take it for more than 14 days. The long-term safety of all four ingredients isn't fully established. If you plan to use this regularly, check with your pharmacist about how long it's appropriate for you.
Does this product actually work for cold or flu?
The evidence we hold doesn't establish that these ingredients work for cold or flu. Andrographis is rated Possibly Effective for sore throat and a few other conditions, but for respiratory infections and most immune-related uses, we don't have enough reliable data to say one way or the other. Talk with us about what's actually proven if that's why you're considering it.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula) label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Immune (Maximum Defense Formula)’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Elderberry

Interacts with 121 drugs

Elderberry is a popular herbal supplement, mainly taken to help with colds and flu. Some small studies suggest it may modestly shorten cold or flu symptoms, but the evidence is limited and n...

Read the full Elderberry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Andrographis

Interacts with 413 drugs

Andrographis is a bitter Asian herb traditionally used for colds, flu, and infections, and some studies suggest it may ease cold symptoms and shorten how long they last. The evidence is limi...

Read the full Andrographis monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Maitake Mushroom

Interacts with 260 drugs

Maitake is an edible mushroom long used as food and in traditional Japanese medicine, and it is being studied for possible immune, blood sugar, and blood pressure effects. The human evidence...

Read the full Maitake Mushroom monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Immune (Maximum Defense Formula)'s label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 40 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Elderberry 6 references
  1. Barak V, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of Sambucol, a black elderberry-based, natural product, on the production of human cytokines: I. Inflammatory cytokines. Eur Cytokine Netw 2001;12:290-6..
  2. Elderberry (Sambucus species). The Poison Plant Patch, Novia Scotia Museum, 2007. Available at: http://museum.gov.ns.ca/poison/?section=species&id=117 (Accessed 16 October 2009).
  3. European elder. Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System. Available at: http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.jump?p_null=all&p_psn=121&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px (Accessed 16 October 2009).
  4. Raus K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an echinacea-based hot drink versus oseltamivir in Influenza treatment: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, noninferiority clinical trial. . Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2015;20;77:6 PubMed
  5. Ramachandran A, Antala D, Pudasainee P, Panginikkod S, Gupta H. A Plausible Association Between the Use of Elderberry and Autoimmune Hepatitis. Cureus 2022;14(4):e24250. PubMed
  6. Agarwal N, Mangla A. Elderberry interaction with pazopanib in a patient with soft-tissue sarcoma: A case report and literature review. Mol Clin Oncol 2024;20(5):36. PubMed

See these in context on the Elderberry monograph →

Andrographis 26 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Thamlikitkul V, Dechatiwongse T, Theerapong S, et al. Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, Nees for pharyngotonsillitis in adults. J Med Assoc Thai 1991;74:437-42.
  3. Zhang CY, Tan BK. Mechanisms of cardiovascular activity of Andrographis paniculata in the anaesthetized rat. J Ethnopharmacol 1997;56:97-101. PubMed
  4. Zhao HY, Fang WY. Antithrombotic effects of Andrographis paniculata nees in preventing myocardial infarction. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991;104:770-5.
  5. Amroyan E, Gabrielian E, Panossian A, et al. Inhibitory effect of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata on PAF-induced platelet aggregation. Phytomedicine 1999;6:27-31. PubMed
  6. Zhang C, Kuroyangi M, Tan BK. Cardiovascular activity of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in the anaesthetised rat and isolated right atria. Pharmacol Res 1998;38:413-7. PubMed
  7. Puri A, Saxena R, Saxena RP, et al. Immunostimulant agents from Andrographis paniculata. J Nat Prod 1993;56:995-9. PubMed
  8. Melchoir J, Spasov AA, Ostrovskij OV, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot and phase III study of activity of standardized Andrographis paniculata Herba Nees extract fixed combination (Kan Jang) in the treatment of uncomplicated upper-respirator
  9. Calabrese C, Berman SH, Babish JG, et al. A phase I trial of andrographolide in HIV positive patients and normal volunteers. Phytother Res 2000;14:333-8. PubMed
  10. Gabrielian ES, Shukarian AK, Goukasova GI, et al. A double blind, placebo-controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis. Phytomedicine 2002;9:589-97 PubMed
  11. Poolsup N, Suthisisang C, Prathanturarug S, et al. Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Pharm Ther 2004;29:37-45. PubMed
  12. Coon JT, Ernst E. Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections: a systematic review of safety and efficacy. Planta Med 2004;70:293-8.
  13. Kligler, B., Ulbricht, C., Basch, E., Kirkwood, C. D., Abrams, T. R., Miranda, M., Singh Khalsa, K. P., Giles, M., Boon, H., and Woods, J. Andrographis paniculata for the treatment of upper respiratory infection: a systematic review by the natural standa
  14. Burgos, R. A., Hancke, J. L., Bertoglio, J. C., Aguirre, V., Arriagada, S., Calvo, M., and Caceres, D. D. Efficacy of an Andrographis paniculata composition for the relief of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled tria
  15. Saxena, R. C., Singh, R., Kumar, P., Yadav, S. C., Negi, M. P., Saxena, V. S., Joshua, A. J., Vijayabalaji, V., Goudar, K. S., Venkateshwarlu, K., and Amit, A. A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis pa
  16. Tang, T., Targan, S. R., Li, Z. S., Xu, C., Byers, V. S., and Sandborn, W. J. Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;33(2) PubMed
  17. Sandborn, W. J., Targan, S. R., Byers, V. S., Rutty, D. A., Mu, H., Zhang, X., and Tang, T. Andrographis paniculata extract (HMPL-004) for active ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(1):90-98. PubMed
  18. Melchior, J., Palm, S., and Wikman, G. Controlled clinical study of standardized Andrographis paniculata extract in common cold - a pilot trial. Phytomedicine. 1997;3(4):315-318. PubMed
  19. Balap A, Atre B, Lohidasan S, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) extract and andrographolide with etoricoxib after oral administration in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 May 13;183:9-17. PubMed
  20. Bertoglio JC, Baumgartner M, Palma R, et al. Andrographis paniculata decreases fatigue in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 12-month double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. BMC Neurol. 2016; 16(1):77. PubMed
  21. Suwankesawong W, Saokaew S, Permsuwan U, et al. Characterization of hypersensitivity reactions reported among Andrographis paniculata users in Thailand using Health Product Vigilance Center (HPVC) database. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014; 14:515. PubMed
  22. Ciampi E, Uribe-San-Martin R, Cárcamo C, et al. Efficacy of andrographolide in not active progressive multiple sclerosis: a prospective exploratory double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2020;20(1):173. PubMed
  23. Worakunphanich W, Thavorncharoensap M, Youngkong S, Thadanipon K, Thakkinstian A. Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021;30(6):727-739.
  24. More SJ, Tandulwadkar SS, Balap AR, Lohidasan S, Sinnathambi A, Mahadik KR. Effect of Andrographis paniculata extract and Andrographolide on the pharmacokinetics of Aceclofenac and Celecoxib in rats. Futur J Pharm Sci. 2023;9(1):1. PubMed
  25. Sundhani E, Nugroho AE, Nurrochmad A, Puspitasari I, Amalia Prihati D, Lukitaningsih E. Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions of Glipizide with Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) and Andrographolide in Normal and Diabetic Rats by Validated HPLC Method. M PubMed
  26. Shang YX, Shen C, Stub T, et al. Adverse Effects of Andrographolide Derivative Medications Compared to the Safe use of Herbal Preparations of Andrographis paniculata: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 20 PubMed

See these in context on the Andrographis monograph →

Maitake Mushroom 8 references
  1. Kabir Y, Kimura S. Dietary mushrooms reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1989;35:91-4. PubMed
  2. Kabir Y, Yamaguchi M, Kimura S. Effect of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) and maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushrooms on blood pressure and plasma lipids of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1987;33:341-6. PubMed
  3. Konno S, Tortorelis DG, Fullerton SA, et al. A possible hypoglycaemic effect of maitake mushroom on Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med 2001;18:1010. PubMed
  4. Chen JT, Tominaga K, Sato Y, et al. Maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) extract induces ovulation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a possible monotherapy and a combination therapy after failure with first-line clomiphene citrate. J Altern Compl
  5. Hanselin MR, Vande Griend JP, Linnebur SA. INR elevation with maitake extract in combination with warfarin. Ann Pharmacother 2010;44:223-4. PubMed
  6. Talpur, N. A., Echard, B. W., Fan, A. Y., Jaffari, O., Bagchi, D., and Preuss, H. G. Antihypertensive and metabolic effects of whole Maitake mushroom powder and its fractions in two rat strains. Mol.Cell Biochem. 2002;237(1-2):129-136. PubMed
  7. Deng, G., Lin, H., Seidman, A., Fornier, M., D'Andrea, G., Wesa, K., Yeung, S., Cunningham-Rundles, S., Vickers, A. J., and Cassileth, B. A phase I/II trial of a polysaccharide extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in breast cancer patients: i
  8. Wesa KM, Cunningham-Rundles S, Klimek VM, et al. Maitake mushroom extract in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): a phase II study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015;64(2):237-47. PubMed

See these in context on the Maitake Mushroom monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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