Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

ParaSmart Part 2 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Renew Life

ParaSmart Part 2 label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking ParaSmart Part 2 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

ParaSmart Part 2 is a dietary supplement by Renew Life with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cough and sore throat, dry mouth and throat irritation, digestive upset and heartburn.Based on those ingredients, 2,156 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow, Clove, Orange. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 5 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

ParaSmart Part 2 contains five active ingredients: marshmallow, clove, orange, black walnut, and wormwood. The product is a liquid formula, so it also includes filtered water and ethyl alcohol as inactive ingredients.

Each ingredient has a traditional or researched role in digestive or systemic wellness, though the evidence supporting most of these roles is limited or not yet well established in clinical research.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Promotes balance of intestinal microorganisms.
  • We looked for evidence on: Crohn disease, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, Gastritis, Nausea and vomiting, intestinal dysbiosis — and 3 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Clove is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Dyspepsia (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Clove is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Flatulence, Nausea and vomiting.
  • Also on file: Wormwood is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Crohn disease, Dyspepsia, Gastritis.

The evidence supporting ParaSmart Part 2's ingredients is sparse. Clove is rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia (a serious lung infection in hospitalized patients on breathing machines), but evidence for the other ingredients—marshmallow for vaginal yeast infections, diarrhea, leg ulcers, eczema, or respiratory infections; orange for anxiety, asthma, prostate cancer, colds, constipation, or depression; black walnut for heart disease or wound healing; and wormwood for bile disorders, Crohn's disease, depression, heartburn, or arthritis—is insufficient to establish whether they work.

Before taking this product for a specific condition, it's worth asking your doctor or pharmacist whether the evidence supports its use for what you're hoping to treat.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Marshmallow Clove Sweet Orange Black Walnut Wormwood

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Marshmallow and black walnut are generally well tolerated for short-term use, though human safety data are limited. Clove is safe in food amounts but can be toxic in large doses; concentrated clove oil as little as 5–10 mL has caused serious harm in children, and there are rare case reports of liver failure and seizures with oral clove oil.

Orange fruit and juice are safe in normal food amounts; concentrated extracts and oils have less safety data. Wormwood contains thujone, a neurotoxin that can cause muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, kidney damage, and seizures in medicinal amounts.

During pregnancy, avoid marshmallow, black walnut (rated possibly unsafe), and wormwood (which may stimulate the uterus). Clove and orange are rated likely safe in pregnancy.

During breastfeeding, avoid marshmallow, black walnut, and wormwood, as safety data are insufficient. Clove and orange are likely safe while breastfeeding.

If you're pregnant or nursing, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Marshmallow Clove Sweet Orange Black Walnut Wormwood

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Clove, Wormwood, Marshmallow, Sweet Orange.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,157 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking ParaSmart Part 2, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take any of the following: organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) substrates, pravastatin, ivermectin, or celiprolol (all Major severity with orange); antidiabetes drugs, drugs processed through liver enzymes CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, or CYP2C9, P-glycoprotein substrates, quinolone antibiotics, or fexofenadine (Moderate severity with clove or orange); anticonvulsants (seizure drugs, Moderate severity with wormwood); anticoagulants or blood thinners (Minor severity with marshmallow and clove); or any oral medications in general (Minor severity with marshmallow). Because clove and orange affect so many liver enzymes and drug-transport systems, it's especially important to go through your full medication list.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

ParaSmart Part 2 is a five-ingredient liquid formula used in traditional herbal practice, but the scientific evidence that any of its ingredients work for their intended purposes is limited or absent. More importantly, clove and orange carry serious interactions with many common medications—from blood thinners and blood-pressure drugs to antibiotics and allergy medicines—and some ingredients may be unsafe in pregnancy or with certain health conditions.

Before you start, check your medications and pregnancy or nursing status with your doctor or pharmacist.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 27, 2021.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about ParaSmart Part 2, straight from the product label.

Brand Renew Life
Net contents 1 fl. oz. Tincture
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 27, 2021
DSLD ID 250794
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
7 Drop(s), 1 Dropper(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
7 Drop(s), 1 Dropper(s)
Servings per container
45
IngredientAmount% DV
Marshmallow50 mg--
Clove50 mg--
Orange50 mg--
Black Walnut125 mg--
Wormwood50 mg--

Other ingredients: filtered Water, Ethyl Alcohol

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

15-day targeted cleanse Promotes balance of intestinal microorganisms Great for travelers

Quality, purity and potency guaranteed through expiration.

Gluten Free - Dairy Free - Soy Free

Listen to your gut...you'll be glad you did. Did you know toxins are all around us? They live in the environment, in processed foods and even in your own digestive tract. While your body was built to handle toxins, today's world can put a lot of stress on you. Renew Life herbal cleanse and detox formulas promote regularity and work in harmony with your body's natural detoxification process. Helping you feel lighter, brighter and more energized to take on the day.

Free of gluten, dairy and soy

Made in the USA of global ingredients

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take seven (7) drops 3 times daily for the first 3 days. After 3 days, take one (1) dropper full 3 times daily. Drops may be added to 2 oz. of water. Take with ParaSmart Part 1.

Precautions

Contains: Tree nuts (black walnut).

Keep out of reach of children.

Consult your physician if you have frequent diarrhea or if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Warning: This product can expose you to chemicals including lead, which is known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information, go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov.

Storage

Store at 86 degrees F (30 degrees C) or below.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Copyright 2018 Patents: www.renewlife.com/patents

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

General Statements

At Renew Life, we're cleansing pioneers with double decades of experience and innovation on our side to help you cleanse and maintain your body's natural harmony. Visit RenewLife.com for help finding the right cleanse for you.

15-day, 2-part program

Formula

Made with specially selected herbs and natural ingredients

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

ParaSmart Part 2 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size7 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container45 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Marshmallow

Interacts with
2,040 drugs
50 mg per serving

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats,...

Marshmallow monograph & interactions

Clove

Interacts with
977 drugs
50 mg per serving

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main com...

Clove monograph & interactions

Orange

Interacts with
246 drugs
50 mg per serving

Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide. Its peel and es...

Orange monograph & interactions

Black Walnut

No known
interactions
125 mg per serving

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these us...

Black Walnut monograph & interactions

Wormwood

Interacts with
50 drugs
50 mg per serving

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It...

Wormwood monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Filtered Water, Ethyl Alcohol. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against ParaSmart Part 2?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,156Drugs
48 Major 996 Moderate 1,112 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Marshmallow 2,040
Clove 977
Orange 246
Wormwood 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in ParaSmart Part 2 interact with 2,156 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 5 ingredients in ParaSmart Part 2 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Clove Orange Wormwood

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in ParaSmart Part 2 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Marshmallow3 drug types · 2,040 drugs

Lithium

Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Marshmallow full monograph & interactions

Clove7 drug types · 977 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)

Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clove full monograph & interactions

Orange7 drug types · 246 drugs

Celiprolol (Celicard)

Consuming sweet orange with celiprolol can decrease oral absorption of celiprolol.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that celiprolol levels, after a single dose of 100 mg, are decreased by up to 90% in people who drink sweet orange juice 200 mL three times daily. It's not known if lower consumption of sweet orange juice will have the same effect. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Ivermectin (Stromectol, Others)

Consuming sweet orange juice with ivermectin can decrease the oral absorption of ivermectin.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking ivermectin orally with sweet orange juice 750 mL over 4 hours reduces the bioavailability of ivermectin. This effect does not seem to be related to effects on P-glycoprotein. The effect on ivermectin is more pronounced in males compared to females.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Consuming sweet orange juice can decrease oral absorption of OATP substrates. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Clinical research shows that consuming sweet orange juice inhibits OATP, which reduces bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP. For example, sweet orange juice decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine, a substrate of OATP, by about 72% and of celiprolol, another OATP substrate, by up to 90%. Since sweet orange juice seems to affect OATP for a short time, recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange juice by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Pravastatin (Pravachol)

Consuming sweet orange juice with pravastatin can increase the absorption of pravastatin.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that consuming sweet orange juice 800 mL over 3 hours, including before, during, and after taking pravastatin 10 mg, increases pravastatin levels by about 149%, without affecting pravastatin elimination. Theoretically this effect might be due to modulation of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) by sweet orange juice. Sweet orange juice does not seem to affect simvastatin levels, but it is not known if sweet orange affects any of the other statins.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Consuming sweet orange juice with fexofenadine can decrease oral absorption of fexofenadine.
Clinical research shows that coadministration of sweet orange juice 1200 mL decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine by about 72%. In an animal model, sweet orange juice decreased bioavailability of fexofenadine by 31%. Fexofenadine manufacturer data indicates that concomitant administration of sweet orange juice and fexofenadine results in larger wheal and flare sizes in research models. This suggests that sweet orange reduces the clinical response to fexofenadine. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Sweet orange juice seems to modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which might affect the blood levels of P-gp substrates.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that orange juice extract inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, increasing absorption and levels of P-gp substrates. In contrast, pharmacokinetic research in humans shows that drinking large amounts of sweet orange juice decreases absorption and levels of the P-gp substrate celiprolol. This suggests that orange juice actually induces drug efflux by P-gp or affects drug levels by another mechanism such as inhibiting the gut drug transporter called organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Until more is known, sweet orange juice should be used cautiously in people taking P-gp substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Calcium-fortified sweet orange juice might reduce quinolone absorption.
Calcium binds to quinolones in the gut. Theoretically, the calcium in certain fortified orange juices can also bind to quinolone antibiotics and reduce their absorption and levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Orange full monograph & interactions

Wormwood1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, taking wormwood might interfere with the effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Thujone, a constituent of wormwood, has convulsant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Wormwood full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for ParaSmart Part 2, from the product label.

Renew Life

Name
Renew Life Formulas, Inc.
City
Palm Harbor
State
FL
ZipCode
34683
Phone Number
1-800-830-1800
Web Address
www.renewlife.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life: Common Questions

Does ParaSmart Part 2 by Renew Life interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, ParaSmart Part 2 has a known interaction with 2,156 medications, including 48 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
ParaSmart Part 2 contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What is marshmallow in this product, and why is it here?
Marshmallow is a plant (not the candy), and its root and leaf are traditionally used in herbal practice for digestive or soothing purposes. In this product, it's one of five ingredients, though the scientific evidence for its effectiveness is currently insufficient to rate.
I'm pregnant—is it safe for me to take ParaSmart Part 2?
No, not safely. Three of the five ingredients—marshmallow, black walnut, and wormwood—are advised against in pregnancy because safety data are lacking or the ingredient may pose a risk. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any supplement while pregnant.
Why does this product interact with so many medications?
Clove contains eugenol, which laboratory research shows can slow the liver's breakdown of many drugs, potentially raising their levels in your blood. Orange juice interferes with how your body absorbs and transports certain medications. These effects span thousands of individual prescription and over-the-counter drugs, which is why it's crucial to check your specific medications.
Can I just take this product 4 hours away from my medications?
Timing can help with some interactions—for example, separating orange products from OATP substrates by 4 hours reduces the effect. However, other interactions, like clove's effect on how your liver processes drugs, happen regardless of when you take them. Your doctor or pharmacist can advise whether this product is safe for you at all given your medications.
Is there anything in ParaSmart Part 2 that has no interactions documented?
Black walnut has no interactions documented in our data, though we hold limited information on it overall. The other four ingredients—marshmallow, clove, orange, and wormwood—each carry documented interactions with medications.
What are the most common side effects of this product?
The product facts don't list common side effects for ParaSmart Part 2 as a whole. However, clove can cause burning or irritation when applied topically or inhaled, and black walnut's leaf, bark, and hull may cause stomach upset due to their tannin content. Any individual ingredient can also cause rare serious effects—talk with your pharmacist about symptoms to watch for.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if ParaSmart Part 2 is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

ParaSmart Part 2 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind ParaSmart Part 2’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Marshmallow

Interacts with 2,040 drugs

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...

Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Clove

Interacts with 977 drugs

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...

Read the full Clove monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Sweet Orange

Interacts with 246 drugs

Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide. Its peel and essential oil are used in aromatherapy and...

Read the full Sweet Orange monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Walnut

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. It contains a compound ca...

Read the full Black Walnut monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Wormwood

Interacts with 50 drugs

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It contains thujone, which can be toxic in...

Read the full Wormwood monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

ParaSmart Part 2's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 61 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Marshmallow 5 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.

See these in context on the Marshmallow monograph →

Clove 26 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
  4. Chen SJ, Wang MH, Chen IJ. Antiplatelet and calcium inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium eugenol acetate. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:629-33. PubMed
  5. Malson JL, Lee EM, Murty R, et al. Clove cigarette smoking: biochemical, physiological, and subjective effects. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003;74:739-45. PubMed
  6. Kirsch CM, Yenokida GG, Jensen WA, et al. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema due to the intravenous administration of clove oil. Thorax 1990;45:235-6. PubMed
  7. Pallares, D. E. Link between clove cigarettes and urticaria? Postgrad.Med 10-1-1999;106(4):153. PubMed
  8. Barnard, D. R. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999;36(5):625-629. PubMed
  9. Sanchez-Perez, J. and Garcia-Diez, A. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from eugenol, oil of cinnamon and oil of cloves in a physiotherapist. Contact Dermatitis 1999;41(6):346-347. PubMed
  10. Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
  11. Alqareer, A., Alyahya, A., and Andersson, L. The effect of clove and benzocaine versus placebo as topical anesthetics. J Dent 2006;34(10):747-750. PubMed
  12. Lane, B. W., Ellenhorn, M. J., Hulbert, T. V., and McCarron, M. Clove oil ingestion in an infant. Hum.Exp Toxicol. 1991;10(4):291-294. PubMed
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Sweet Orange 17 references
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Black Walnut 3 references
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See these in context on the Black Walnut monograph →

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See these in context on the Wormwood monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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