Pycnogenol 50 mg Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Source Naturals
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Pycnogenol 50 mg against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Pycnogenol 50 mg is a dietary supplement by Source Naturals with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for circulation and vein health, antioxidant support, skin health and aging.Based on those ingredients, 327 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Pycnogenol. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: 50 mg of Pycnogenol, a standardized extract from maritime pine bark. The tablet also includes inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, dibasic calcium phosphate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, modified cellulose gum, and colloidal silicon dioxide — which are fillers and binders that hold the tablet together.
Does it work?
Couldn't assess
The clinical evidence we hold rates maritime pine bark extract as possibly effective for osteoarthritis and chronic venous insufficiency (heaviness, swelling, or discomfort in the legs from poor blood flow). For asthma, it's rated possibly effective as well.
However, for high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), the evidence suggests it's possibly ineffective, so it shouldn't be relied on for that use.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Maritime pine bark extract is generally well tolerated in studies, though long-term safety hasn't been fully established. The most common side effects are gastrointestinal complaints, dizziness, and vertigo.
Headache has been reported in a single trial. One case of chest pain and one case of worsening heart failure have been reported in patients taking Pycnogenol, though both had prior heart conditions and a direct link to the extract is unclear.
The safety data advises against using this product during pregnancy or while breastfeeding because there isn't enough research to know either way. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about your individual situation if you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or nursing.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before you take Source Naturals Pycnogenol, double-check with your doctor or pharmacist if you're on blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin), immunosuppressants, or diabetes medications — all carry moderate-severity interaction risks with this extract. The extract may increase bleeding, reduce immunosuppressant effectiveness, or lower blood sugar further.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Pycnogenol may be worth considering if you have osteoarthritis, chronic venous insufficiency, or asthma and want to explore a plant-based option — the evidence is modest but favorable for those uses. However, if you take blood thinners, immunosuppressants, or diabetes medications, you need to clear this with your doctor or pharmacist first because the interactions are documented and could affect how your drugs work or your safety.
Discuss it with your healthcare provider before you start.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 23, 2023.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Pycnogenol 50 mg, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Source Naturals |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 021078003052 |
| Net contents | 120 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Aug 23, 2023 |
| DSLD ID | 296162 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Pycnogenol | 50 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, modified Cellulose Gum, Silicon Dioxide, Colloidal
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Formula
Proanthocyanidin complex
Pycnogenol the natural plant product made from the bark of the European coastal pine, Pinus maritima. Pycnogenol is rich in proanthocyanidins, a special class of water-soluble antioxidant flavonoids which are excellent free radical scavengers. Proanthocyanidins are believed to play an important role in maintaining good health.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: 1 tablet daily. To build reserves rapidly, start with 1 tablet per 50 pounds of body weight per day, for 7 to 10 days.
Precautions
Note: if you are pregnant, may become pregnant, breastfeeding, consult your health care professional before using this product.
Do not use if either tamper-evident seal is broken or missing.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Pycnogenol is a registered trademark of Horphag Research, Ltd. Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract is protected by U.S. Patent Nos. 4,698,360 and 5,720,956.
Copyright Source Naturals, Inc.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container50 Amounts shown are per serving.
Pycnogenol
Interacts with327 drugs
Maritime pine bark extract (often sold as Pycnogenol) is a plant-based antioxidant most studied for circulation, vein, and skin health. Some research...
Pycnogenol monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Modified Cellulose Gum, Silicon Dioxide, Colloidal. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Source Naturals Pycnogenol 50 mg contains maritime pine bark extract, which has documented interactions with blood thinners, immunosuppressants, and diabetes medications.
The most serious concern is a moderate-severity risk of increased bleeding when combined with anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin — the extract appears to slow blood clotting.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
It may also reduce how well immunosuppressant medications work, since the extract seems to boost immune activity in lab and animal studies (though this hasn't been seen in people yet). Additionally, maritime pine bark extract can lower blood sugar, creating a moderate risk of hypoglycemia when taken with diabetes drugs; one clinical study showed this effect, so close monitoring and possible dose adjustments would be needed.
Alongether, these interactions span 327 individual medications. Use the medication checker on this page to look up your exact prescriptions before you start, and talk it over with your doctor or pharmacist if you take any blood thinner, immunosuppressant, or diabetes medication.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Pycnogenol 50 mg?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Pycnogenol 50 mg interact with 327 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Pycnogenol 50 mg interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Pycnogenol
Glatiramer AcetateCopaxone
How Glatiramer Acetate interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glatiramer Acetate interactionGliclazideDiamicron
How Gliclazide interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Gliclazide interactionGlimepirideAmaryl
How Glimepiride interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glimepiride interactionGlipizideGlucotrol, Glucotrol XL
How Glipizide interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glipizide interactionGlipizide, MetforminMetaglip
How Glipizide, Metformin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glipizide, Metformin interactionGlofitamab-gxbmColumvi
How Glofitamab-gxbm interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glofitamab-gxbm interactionGlucagonBaqsimi, Glucagon
How Glucagon interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glucagon interactionGlucoseIV Glucose
How Glucose interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glucose interactionGlyburideAlbert Glyburide, Diabeta, Glycron, Glynase, Glynase PresTab, Micronase +1 more
How Glyburide interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glyburide interactionGlyburide, MetforminGlucovance
How Glyburide, Metformin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Glyburide, Metformin interactionGolimumabSimponi Aria
How Golimumab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Golimumab interactionGuselkumabTremfya
How Guselkumab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Guselkumab interactionHeparinHeparin
How Heparin interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Heparin interactionHyaluronidase, RituximabRituxan Hycela
How Hyaluronidase, Rituximab interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Hyaluronidase, Rituximab interactionHydrocodone, IbuprofenVicoprofen
How Hydrocodone, Ibuprofen interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Hydrocodone, Ibuprofen interactionHydrocortisoneAlkindi Sprinkle, Alphaderm, Calmurid HC, Carmol HC cream, Cortef, Dioderm +8 more
How Hydrocortisone interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Hydrocortisone interactionIbrutinibImbruvica
How Ibrutinib interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibrutinib interactionIbuprofenAdvil, Arthrofen, Brufen, Brufen Retard, Calodor, Calprofen +14 more
How Ibuprofen interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen interactionIbuprofen LysineNeoProfen
How Ibuprofen Lysine interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen Lysine interactionIbuprofen, AcetaminophenAdvil Dual Action
How Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen interactionIbuprofen, HydrocodoneIbucodone
How Ibuprofen, Hydrocodone interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen, Hydrocodone interactionIbuprofen, OxycodoneCombunox
How Ibuprofen, Oxycodone interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen, Oxycodone interactionIbuprofen, PseudoephedrineDristan
How Ibuprofen, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Ibuprofen, Pseudoephedrine interactionIcosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug)Vascepa
How Icosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug) interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Icosapent Ethyl (prescription Drug) interactionIloprostAurlumyn, Ventavis
How Iloprost interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Iloprost interactionInebilizumab-cdonUplizna
How Inebilizumab-cdon interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Inebilizumab-cdon interactionInfliximab-abdaRenflexis
How Infliximab-abda interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Infliximab-abda interactionInfliximab-dyybInflectra
How Infliximab-dyyb interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Infliximab-dyyb interactionInfliximab-qbtxIxifi
How Infliximab-qbtx interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Infliximab-qbtx interactionInfliximab-axxqAvsola
How Infliximab-axxq interacts with Pycnogenol 50 mg — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
PycnogenolImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pycnogenol + Infliximab-axxq interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Pycnogenol 50 mg with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Pycnogenol
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Clinical research suggests that maritime pine bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation. However, the clinical significance of this effect is unclear.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
One clinical study shows that maritime pine bark extract decreases blood sugar in patients with diabetes being treated with antidiabetes agents. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, maritime pine bark extract might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro and animal research suggests that maritime pine bark extract has immunostimulant activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Pycnogenol 50 mg, from the product label.
Source Naturals
- Name
- Source Naturals, Inc.
- Street Address
- P. O. Box 2118
- City
- Santa Cruz
- State
- CA
- ZipCode
- 95062
- Web Address
- www.sourcenaturals.com
Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals: Common Questions
Does Pycnogenol 50 mg by Source Naturals interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take Pycnogenol if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
What side effects might I experience?
Does Pycnogenol actually work for arthritis?
What is Pycnogenol exactly?
Is this safe to take long-term?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Pycnogenol 50 mg is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Pycnogenol 50 mg’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Pycnogenol 50 mg's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 14 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Maritime Pine 14 references
- Rice-Evans CA, Packer L, eds. Flavonoids in Health and Disease. Manhattan, NY: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1998.
- Liu FJ, Zhang YX, Lau BH. Pycnogenol enhances immune and haemopoietic functions in senescence-accelerated mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 1998;54:1168-72. PubMed
- Putter M, Grotemeyer KH, Wurthwein G, et al. Inhibition of smoking-induced platelet aggregation by aspirin and pycnogenol. Thromb Res 1999;95:155-61. PubMed
- Kohama T, Inoue M. Pycnogenol alleviates pain associated with pregnancy. Phytother Res 2006;20:232-4.
- Liu X, Zhou HJ, Rohdewald P. French maritime pine bark extract pycnogenol dose-dependently lowers glucose in type 2 diabetic patients (letter). Diabetes Care 2004;27:839. PubMed
- Liu X, Wei J, Tan F, et al. Antidiabetic effect of Pycnogenol French maritime pine bark extract in patients with diabetes type II. Life Sci 2004;75:2505-13. PubMed
- Wilson D, Evans M, Guthrie N et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study to evaluate the potential of pycnogenol for improving allergic rhinitis symptoms. Phytother Res 2010;24:1115-9.
- Araghi-Niknam, M., Hosseini, S., Larson, D., Rohdewald, P., and Watson, R. R. Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr.Med. 3-21-2000;2(2):73-77. PubMed
- Trebaticka, J., Kopasova, S., Hradecna, Z., Cinovsky, K., Skodacek, I., Suba, J., Muchova, J., Zitnanova, I., Waczulikova, I., Rohdewald, P., and Durackova, Z. Treatment of ADHD with French maritime pine bark extract, Pycnogenol. Eur.Child Adolesc.Psychi PubMed
- Suzuki, N., Uebaba, K., Kohama, T., Moniwa, N., Kanayama, N., and Koike, K. French maritime pine bark extract significantly lowers the requirement for analgesic medication in dysmenorrhea: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cisar, P., Jany, R., Waczulikova, I., Sumegova, K., Muchova, J., Vojtassak, J., Durackova, Z., Lisy, M., and Rohdewald, P. Effect of pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Phytother.Res. 2008;22(8):1087-1092.
- Enseleit, F., Sudano, I., Periat, D., Winnik, S., Wolfrum, M., Flammer, A. J., Frohlich, G. M., Kaiser, P., Hirt, A., Haile, S. R., Krasniqi, N., Matter, C. M., Uhlenhut, K., Hogger, P., Neidhart, M., Luscher, T. F., Ruschitzka, F., and Noll, G. Effects
- Schoonees, A., Visser, J., Musekiwa, A., and Volmink, J. Pycnogenol(R) (extract of French maritime pine bark) for the treatment of chronic disorders. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;4:CD008294.
- Wang S, Tan D Zhao Y et al. The effect of pycnogenol on the microcirculation, platelet function and ischemic myocardium in patients with coronary artery diseases. Eur Bull Drug Res 1999;7:19-25.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC