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Epinephrine

Epinephrine is a fast-acting emergency medicine used to treat severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) and, in certain injectable forms, low blood pressure from septic shock.

Brand names Auvi-QAdrenalinSymjepiPrimatene Mist Inhalerneffy +9 more
Drug classes Alpha-adrenergic Agonist
Rx/OTC Forms 4
Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Reviewed by Last reviewed Jul 10, 2026 Content updated Oct 2, 2026
🧬 Where this information comes from Click to expand

The clinical label records used on this page are FDA-filed Structured Product Labeling (SPL) retrieved through openFDA. We identified 86 clinical label sets within the page’s selected clinical scope after exact ingredient or ingredient-combination matching and applicable route/form matching. Forms, routes, brands, labelers, strengths, and NDC product-record counts are built separately from matching FDA National Drug Code Directory records. The linked DailyMed document is a representative official source for verification, not the page’s only clinical source. View the linked label on DailyMed →

Other forms & routes:
Injection Oral inhalation
Epinephrine at a glance The quick version — the full detail is in the Patient Information Guide below.
Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
The Pharmacist’s Take By · Clinical pharmacist · Written

Epinephrine is the first-line emergency treatment for anaphylaxis (a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction). It acts fast, tightening blood vessels to raise blood pressure and relaxing the airways to ease breathing and swelling. It has been on the U.S. market for decades and is available as a generic. The side effects people notice (a pounding or racing heart, shakiness, anxiety and headache) are common but short-lived, and they are no reason to hold back a dose. Use it at the first signs of a severe reaction, then call 911 and get to an emergency room even if you feel better, because it is a bridge to care, not a replacement for it.

Clinical pearls

  • Inject only into the outer thigh, never the buttocks, hands, fingers or feet, which risk serious infection or lost blood flow.
  • If you take a beta-blocker such as propranolol, tell your prescriber, because it can blunt epinephrine's effect on airways and heart.
  • Neffy nasal spray can change the nasal lining for up to 2 weeks, so other nasal medicines may absorb more.
  • After an injection, get prompt care for persistent redness, warmth, swelling or tenderness at the site, a sign of rare serious infection.
How we write & review this content — our editorial policy →
How you get itPrescription and over the counter
Comes asInjection, Nasal spray, Inhaler +1
Earliest FDA record1948
Companies listing it with the FDA31
FDA label last updatedFeb 15, 2023
FDA’s strongest warning (boxed)None on the label

Patient information guide A plain-language walkthrough of Epinephrine, written from its FDA label.

What Epinephrine is used for

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Epinephrine is used across several products and delivery forms to treat life-threatening allergic emergencies and, in specific injectable preparations, low blood pressure from septic shock.

  • Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis (severe allergic reactions) triggered by insect stings or bites, foods, drugs, diagnostic substances, allergen immunotherapy, or unknown/exercise-related causes — supported across epinephrine auto-injectors, Adrenalin injection, and Neffy nasal spray
  • Neffy nasal spray is approved specifically for adults and children 4 years and older who weigh at least 15 kg
  • Adrenalin injection (intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous) is indicated to raise blood pressure in adult patients with low blood pressure caused by septic shock
  • Adrenalin (epinephrine in sodium chloride) intravenous infusion is indicated for low blood pressure from septic shock in adults
  • Primatene Mist inhaler is used for temporary relief of mild intermittent asthma symptoms — wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath

How Epinephrine works

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Epinephrine activates two families of receptors throughout the body — alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. Stimulating alpha receptors constricts (tightens) blood vessels, reversing the dangerous blood pressure drop and fluid leakage that occur during anaphylaxis. Stimulating beta receptors relaxes the muscles around the airways, rapidly opening them to relieve wheezing and breathlessness. Together, these actions also reduce hives, itching, swelling (including angioedema — swelling under the skin), and gastrointestinal symptoms tied to the allergic reaction.

Epinephrine dosage

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The right form and amount of epinephrine depend on the situation, the patient's weight, and the specific product prescribed. Auto-injectors and vial-based injections go into the outer thigh (intramuscularly or subcutaneously); Neffy goes into a nostril; Primatene Mist is inhaled; and intravenous Adrenalin is given only in clinical settings. Injections may be repeated every 5–10 minutes if needed, but more than two doses should only be given under direct medical supervision.

  • Always follow your prescriber's instructions and the directions printed on your specific device or package
  • After using any epinephrine product for anaphylaxis, go to an emergency room immediately — even if you feel better
  • Keep two doses available at all times if prescribed a portable product

Dosing details from the FDA-approved label

From the Epinephrine prescribing information (“Dosage and Administration”). Doses are set by your prescriber for your product, condition, kidney function and age — never change a dose on your own.

  • Anaphylaxis: Adults and Children 30 kg (66 lbs) or more
    • 0.3 to 0.5 mg (0.3 to 0.5 mL) of undiluted Adrenalin administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, repeated every 5 to 10 minutes as necessary
    • Maximum: 0.5 mg (0.5 mL) per injection
    • Monitor clinically for reaction severity and cardiac effects
  • Anaphylaxis: Children less than 30 kg (66 lbs)
    • 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) of undiluted Adrenalin administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously in the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, repeated every 5 to 10 minutes as necessary
    • Maximum: 0.3 mg (0.3 mL) per injection
    • Hold the child's leg firmly in place and limit movement before and during injection
  • Hypotension associated with septic shock (adult patients)
    • Intravenous infusion rate of 0.05 to 2 mcg/kg/min, titrated to achieve a desired mean arterial pressure (MAP)
    • May be adjusted periodically, such as every 10 to 15 minutes, in increments of 0.05 to 0.2 mcg/kg/min
    • After hemodynamic stabilization, wean incrementally, such as by decreasing doses every 10 minutes
    • Dilute 1 mL (1 mg) of epinephrine in 1,000 mL of 5 percent dextrose or 5 percent dextrose and sodium chloride solution to produce 1 mcg per mL; give into a large vein
  • AUVI-Q: Patients greater than or equal to 30 kg (approximately 66 pounds or more)
    • AUVI-Q 0.3 mg injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh
    • Dose strength selected by body weight
  • AUVI-Q: Patients 15 to 30 kg (33 to 66 pounds)
    • AUVI-Q 0.15 mg injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh
    • Dose strength selected by body weight
  • AUVI-Q: Patients 7.5 to 15 kg (16.5 to 33 pounds)
    • AUVI-Q 0.1 mg injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh
    • Dose strength selected by body weight
Read the label’s full dosing text

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The recommended dosage of AUVI-Q is based on weight. ( 2.1 ) Administer AUVI-Q intramuscularly or subcutaneously into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh, through clothing if necessary. ( 2.2 ) Recommended Dosage Patient’s Weight Dosage 30 kg or greater AUVI-Q 0.3 mg 15 kg to less than 30 kg AUVI-Q 0.15 mg 7.5 kg to less than 15 kg AUVI-Q 0.1 mg In the absence of clinical improvement or if symptoms worsen after the initial treatment, a second dose of AUVI-Q may be administered with a second autoinjector starting 5 minutes after the first dose. ( 2.1 ) Advise patients when to seek emergency medical assistance for close monitoring of the anaphylactic episode and in the event further treatment is required. ( 2.1 ) It is recommended that patients are prescribed and have immediate access to two AUVI-Q devices at all times. ( 2.1 ) See full prescribing information for administration instructions. ( 2.2 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage The recommended dosage for patients who weigh 7.5 kg or greater is based on weight and the dosage is provided in Table 1 . Administer AUVI-Q intramuscularly or subcutaneously into the anterolateral aspect of the thigh. Table 1. Recommended Dosage of AUVI-Q Based on Patient’s Weight Patient’s Weight Dosage 30 kg or greater AUVI-Q 0.3 mg 15 kg to less than 30 kg AUVI-Q 0.15 mg 7.5 kg to less than 15 kg AUVI-Q 0.1 mg Since the doses of epinephrine delivered from AUVI-Q are fixed, use other forms of injectable epinephrine if doses lower than 0.1 mg are deemed necessary. In the absence of clinical improvement or if symptoms worsen after the initial treatment, a second dose of AUVI-Q may be administered with a second autoinjector starting 5 minutes after the first dose. Advise patients when to seek emergency medical assistance for close monitoring of the anaphylactic episode and in the event further treatment is required. It is recommended that patients are prescribed and have immediate access to two AUVI-Q devices at all times. 2.2 Administration Instructions Each AUVI-Q contains a single dose of epinephrine for single use. Visually inspect the epinephrine solution in the viewing window of AUVI-Q for particulate matter, cloudiness, and discoloration prior to administration.

Excerpted — the section continues on the label. Read the full Dosage and Administration section on DailyMed →

Epinephrine side effects

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Common side effects of epinephrine reflect its powerful action on the heart and nervous system, and — for nasal spray — local irritation in the nose.

Common side effects

  • Nasal discomfort or irritation (with nasal spray)
  • Headache
  • Feeling jittery or anxious
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)
  • Throat irritation
  • Sweating or pallor (pale skin)
  • Nasal discomfort, runny nose, sneezing, or nasal congestion (Neffy)
  • Sweating, paleness, or tremor

When to get medical help

  • Get emergency help immediately after using epinephrine — it is a temporary measure, not a cure
  • Seek care right away if you accidentally inject into a finger, hand, or foot — loss of blood flow can occur
  • Call your doctor if you notice redness, warmth, swelling, or tenderness at the injection site — rare but serious skin infections can develop
  • Seek care if you develop chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or signs of very high blood pressure such as severe headache after use
  • Do not inject into the buttocks — this is linked to a risk of serious bacterial infection (gas gangrene)

More serious reactions — including dangerous heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias), very high blood pressure, cerebral hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain), and serious skin infections at the injection site — have been reported. Seek emergency care if you experience chest pain, irregular heartbeat, severe headache, or any signs of infection at an injection site.

Epinephrine warnings and precautions

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  • Always go to the ER after use: Epinephrine is emergency supportive therapy — it is not a substitute for hospital care. Call 911 or have someone take you to the nearest emergency room after every use.
  • Inject only into the outer thigh: Never inject into the buttocks (risk of serious bacterial infection including gas gangrene), and never into fingers, hands, or feet (risk of dangerously reduced blood flow to those areas).
  • Serious skin infections: Rare but life-threatening infections (including necrotizing fasciitis — rapidly spreading tissue infection) have occurred at injection sites. Watch for persistent redness, warmth, swelling, or tenderness and seek care promptly.
  • Heart disease: Epinephrine should be used with caution in people with heart disease, arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, or high blood pressure — but it must never be withheld in a true life-threatening emergency.
  • Children: Hold a young child's leg firmly before and during injection to prevent injury from kicking or movement.
  • Sulfite sensitivity: Some epinephrine products contain sodium metabisulfite. This should not prevent use in a life-threatening situation — the risk of untreated anaphylaxis is far greater.

Epinephrine interactions

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Several medications can make epinephrine stronger, weaker, or more likely to cause heart problems — always tell your doctor and pharmacist everything you take.

  • Tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors: Can strongly amplify epinephrine's effects, raising the risk of dangerously high blood pressure and heart problems
  • Cardiac glycosides, diuretics, anti-arrhythmics: Increase the risk of abnormal heart rhythms when used alongside epinephrine
  • Beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol): Can blunt epinephrine's ability to open airways and stimulate the heart — potentially reducing its effectiveness
  • Alpha-blockers (e.g., phentolamine): Can block epinephrine's blood-pressure-raising effects
  • Levothyroxine and certain antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine): May intensify epinephrine's effects
  • COMT inhibitors (e.g., entacapone): Can potentiate (strengthen) epinephrine's actions
  • Ergot alkaloids: May reverse epinephrine's blood pressure effects
  • Neffy and other nasal products: Neffy may change the nasal lining for up to 2 weeks after use, potentially increasing absorption of other nasal spray medications

Interactions listed in the FDA-approved label

From the Epinephrine prescribing information (“Drug Interactions”): what the manufacturer studied or reported to the FDA.

  • Neffy (nasal spray) and other nasal products: Neffy may alter nasal mucosa for up to 2 weeks after administration and increase systemic absorption of nasal products, including neffy.
  • Cardiac glycosides, diuretics, or anti-arrhythmics: Risk of cardiac arrhythmias when taken with epinephrine. Observe carefully for the development of cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, levothyroxine sodium, certain antihistamines (chlorpheniramine, tripelennamine, diphenhydramine), COMT inhibitors such as entacapone: May potentiate the effects of epinephrine.
  • Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, such as propranolol: Antagonize the cardiostimulating and bronchodilating effects of epinephrine.
  • Alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs, such as phentolamine: Antagonize the vasoconstricting and hypertensive effects of epinephrine.
  • Ergot alkaloids: May reverse the pressor effects of epinephrine.
Read the label’s full interactions text

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Cardiac glycosides, diuretics, or anti-arrhythmics: observe for development of cardiac arrhythmias. (7.1) Tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, levothyroxine sodium, certain antihistamines, and catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors: may potentiate effects of epinephrine. (7.2) Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs: antagonize cardiostimulating and bronchodilating effects of epinephrine. (7.3) Alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs: antagonize vasoconstricting and hypertensive effects of epinephrine. (7.3) Ergot alkaloids: may reverse the pressor effects of epinephrine. (7.3) 7.1 Drugs Increasing Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmias Patients who receive epinephrine while concomitantly taking cardiac glycosides, diuretics, or anti-arrhythmics should be observed carefully for the development of cardiac arrhythmias [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Adverse Reactions (6) ] . 7.2 Drugs Potentiating Effects of Epinephrine The effects of epinephrine may be potentiated by tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, levothyroxine sodium, and certain antihistamines, notably chlorpheniramine, tripelennamine, and diphenhydramine, and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors such as entacapone. 7.3 Drugs Antagonizing Effects of Epinephrine The cardiostimulating and bronchodilating effects of epinephrine are antagonized by beta- adrenergic blocking drugs, such as propranolol. The vasoconstricting and hypertensive effects of epinephrine are antagonized by alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs, such as phentolamine. Ergot alkaloids may also reverse the pressor effects of epinephrine.

Read the full Drug Interactions section on DailyMed →

Not a complete list. The label covers the interactions the manufacturer studied or reported, and our own interaction database does not cover every medicine either. Bring your full medication list, including vitamins and herbal products, to your pharmacist.

Check Epinephrine against a supplement or herb →

Before taking Epinephrine

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  • Tell your doctor if you have heart disease, coronary artery disease, irregular heart rhythm, or high blood pressure
  • Tell your doctor if you have hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), diabetes, or Parkinson's disease
  • Older adults are more sensitive to epinephrine and at higher risk for serious side effects — use with caution
  • Pregnant women: do not delay treatment for anaphylaxis — untreated anaphylaxis is dangerous for both mother and baby; decades of evidence have not shown a clear drug-related risk of birth defects at therapeutic doses
  • Breastfeeding: epinephrine transfers into breast milk in very low amounts; do not delay emergency treatment
  • Neffy is not approved for children under 4 years old or those weighing less than 15 kg
  • There are no absolute contraindications to epinephrine in a life-threatening allergic emergency — its benefits outweigh the risks in anaphylaxis regardless of underlying conditions

Epinephrine overdose

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Too much epinephrine can cause extremely high blood pressure, which may lead to bleeding in the brain (cerebrovascular hemorrhage) — particularly in older adults. Overdose can also cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs, dangerous heart rhythm problems (including fatal ventricular fibrillation), very pale and cold skin, and kidney failure.

If you suspect an overdose, call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 or seek emergency medical care immediately. Treatment is primarily supportive and focuses on managing blood pressure and heart rhythm.

What Epinephrine does in the body

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Epinephrine raises both systolic blood pressure and pulse rate, which helps reverse the cardiovascular collapse of anaphylaxis. Studies of Neffy nasal spray showed that blood pressure and heart rate responses after one nasal dose were generally within the range seen after intramuscular epinephrine injection during the first 10 minutes. Nasal congestion (such as from allergic rhinitis) may affect how quickly Neffy is absorbed, and the full clinical meaning of blood pressure and pulse changes observed in healthy volunteers may differ from responses in someone actively experiencing anaphylaxis.

How your body processes Epinephrine

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After a single nasal dose of Neffy, plasma epinephrine concentrations over 60 minutes were generally within the range seen after an intramuscular injection. Neffy's peak concentration (Cmax) was reached at a median of about 30 minutes in healthy adults — somewhat later than with an auto-injector but in a clinically similar range. Nasal congestion from allergic rhinitis can initially speed absorption but may reduce overall exposure after about 20 minutes. Epinephrine is rapidly broken down by the body, which is why its effects are short-lived and repeat dosing may be needed.

How to store Epinephrine

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Protect from light. Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F) . Do not refrigerate.

Written from the FDA-approved label with AI and reviewed by our pharmacy team. How we use AI →

Epinephrine: pharmacist answers to common questions

Quick, plain-English answers to the questions patients ask most about Epinephrine — the kind of thing our pharmacy team would talk through with you at the counter.

Why do I need to go to the ER after using my EpiPen or Auvi-Q if I already feel better?

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Epinephrine works fast but wears off quickly — sometimes in as little as 15 to 20 minutes. Anaphylaxis can come back (this is called a biphasic reaction), and you may need additional treatment or monitoring that only a hospital can provide. Think of the injection as buying you time, not solving the problem. Always call 911 or have someone drive you to the ER after every use, even if you feel completely fine.

Where exactly do I inject it, and does it matter?

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Yes, it absolutely matters. Inject into the outer thigh — you can even go through your clothing if needed. Never inject into the buttocks (that spot carries a risk of serious infection), and never accidentally inject into a finger, hand, or foot, which could cut off blood flow to that area. If an accidental injection happens somewhere other than the thigh, go to the emergency room right away and tell them where it went in.

How does Neffy (the nasal spray) work differently from an injection?

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Neffy delivers epinephrine through the lining of your nostril instead of through a needle. Studies show that blood levels of epinephrine after one dose of Neffy are generally in a similar range to those after an intramuscular injection. One thing to keep in mind: if your nose is very congested — say from a cold or bad allergies — absorption may be a bit different. If symptoms don't improve within 5 minutes, a second spray in the same nostril is recommended. Either way, you still need to get to the ER after using it.

I take a beta-blocker for my heart. Will epinephrine still work for me?

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Beta-blockers can reduce some of epinephrine's effects — particularly its ability to open your airways and stimulate your heart. That said, epinephrine is still the right treatment for anaphylaxis and should never be skipped. Let your doctor know you take a beta-blocker so they can plan ahead, and make sure your emergency action plan accounts for this. In a true emergency, always use your epinephrine first.

Is it safe to use epinephrine if I'm pregnant?

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Yes — and it's very important that you do if you're having anaphylaxis. Untreated anaphylaxis during pregnancy is far more dangerous to both you and your baby than the medication itself. Decades of real-world experience have not shown a clear risk of birth defects at the doses used in emergencies. Don't hesitate to use it if you need it, and get emergency care right away.

What side effects should I expect after using epinephrine, and which ones mean I should call for help?

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After using epinephrine, it's totally normal to feel your heart racing, feel jittery or anxious, feel shaky, or get a headache — these are direct effects of the medication doing its job. With Neffy, you might notice nasal discomfort or a runny nose. What you should watch for and report right away: chest pain, very fast or irregular heartbeat, severe headache, signs of infection at the injection site (redness, warmth, swelling that doesn't go away), or any symptoms of the allergic reaction coming back. Always be evaluated at an ER after use.

Is Epinephrine available over the counter?

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Both. Some Epinephrine products are sold over the counter and others need a prescription. According to their FDA listings, the inhaler form is sold over the counter and the injection and nasal spray forms need a prescription. The package says which kind you have. Your pharmacist can tell you which product is right for you.

When was Epinephrine first available?

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The earliest FDA record we hold for Epinephrine is from 1948: its first approval in Drugs@FDA or its earliest product listing in the NDC Directory, whichever is older. Many older medicines were in use before their first formal FDA approval, so this is the earliest date on record, not necessarily when Epinephrine was first used.

Who makes Epinephrine?

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31 companies currently list Epinephrine products in the FDA's NDC Directory, including HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst, Medical Purchasing Solutions, LLC, Par Health USA, LLC. That count includes repackagers and distributors as well as manufacturers (companies that sell only the raw ingredient are not counted), so fewer companies actually make it; the label on your bottle names the one that supplied yours.

Answers drafted from the FDA-approved label with AI and reviewed by our pharmacy team. How we use AI →

More about Epinephrine on HelloPharmacist

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Detailed data & references for Epinephrine Forms & strengths, pricing, billing codes, manufacturers, safety reports and sourcing — the data behind the page. Most people can stop here. Each section below opens on a tap.

Epinephrine forms and strengths (how it comes)

Epinephrine is available in 4 forms. Different forms and brands can have different approved uses, doses, schedules, and directions. Follow the instructions for your exact product, and do not switch forms without guidance from your prescriber or pharmacist.

Need a version that does not list lactose, a gluten source, a dye or gelatin? Inactive ingredients differ by manufacturer: see Epinephrine inactive ingredients by manufacturer.

Injection

By injection · In the eye · Into a muscle · Into a vein · Under the skin
Brands Adrenalin Adrenalin Vials Auvi-Q Epinephrine 0.3 Adults Epinephrine 0.15 Pediatrics Epinephrine Pediatrics Epipen Epipen Jr
How this form is used
What it may be used for
  • Epinephrine injection auto-injectors (including Auvi-Q, EpiPen, and epinephrine USP auto-injectors) are used for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis in people at increased risk of severe allergic reactions
  • Adrenalin injection is used for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis and to raise blood pressure in adult patients with low blood pressure from septic shock
  • Adrenalin (epinephrine in sodium chloride) intravenous infusion is indicated to raise blood pressure in adults with septic shock
  • Auvi-Q is available in three dose strengths selected by body weight for emergency anaphylaxis treatment
Important instructions
  • Auto-injectors (Auvi-Q, EpiPen, and epinephrine USP auto-injectors) should be injected into the outer thigh — through clothing if needed — never into the buttocks, fingers, hands, or feet
  • Adrenalin vial injection should be given into the anterolateral (outer) thigh; the injection may be repeated every 5 to 10 minutes if needed — do not inject repeatedly at the same spot
  • Adrenalin (epinephrine in sodium chloride) for intravenous use requires no further dilution and must be infused into a large vein; weaning gradually is recommended
  • After any injection, go to the nearest emergency room immediately for further monitoring and care
Available strengths 14 strengths
8 mcg/mL 16 mcg/mL 20 mcg/mL 32 mcg/mL 40 mcg/mL 64 mcg/mL
Show 8 more strengths Show fewer strengths
0.1 mg/0.1 mL 0.1 mg/mL 0.15 mg/0.3 mL 0.15 mg/0.15 mL 0.3 mg/0.3 mL 0.5 mg/mL 1 mg/mL 30 mg/30 mL
192 FDA-listed product records ⓘ

Nasal spray

In the nose
Brands Neffy
How this form is used
What it may be used for
  • Neffy is approved for emergency treatment of Type I allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, in adults and children 4 years and older who weigh at least 15 kg (about 33 lbs)
  • Neffy provides a needle-free option for epinephrine delivery during an anaphylactic emergency
Important instructions
  • Neffy is sprayed into one nostril; dose is based on the patient's body weight
  • If symptoms do not improve or worsen after the first dose, a second spray into the same nostril can be given at least 5 minutes later using a new nasal spray
  • It is recommended to have two Neffy nasal sprays available at all times
  • After using Neffy, seek emergency medical care immediately
Available strengths 2 strengths
EPINEPHRINE 1 mg/100uL EPINEPHRINE 2 mg/100uL
5 FDA-listed product records ⓘ

Inhaler

Inhaled
Brands Primatene Mist
How this form is used
What it may be used for
  • Primatene Mist is used for temporary relief of mild symptoms of intermittent asthma
  • Primatene Mist relieves wheezing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath
Important instructions
  • Primatene Mist is inhaled through the mouth via aerosol
  • Follow the dosing directions on the Primatene Mist package carefully
Available strengths 1 strength
125 mcg
3 FDA-listed product records ⓘ

Topical solution

Dental · Periodontal · Subgingival
Brands Orostat 8%
Available strengths 1 strength
1200 mg/15 mL
2 FDA-listed product records ⓘ

Epinephrine on the U.S. market: products, makers and brands

How Epinephrine appears in the FDA’s National Drug Code Directory — including its dosage forms, strengths, brand names, manufacturers, and FDA-listed product records. These are directory records, not sales or prescription volume.

31 companies list 110 Epinephrine product records with the FDA, mostly as injection, nasal spray, inhaler; the earliest marketing or approval year on record is 1948. Brand names on the directory include Auvi-Q, Adrenalin, Symjepi and 11 more; the rest are generics.

4
Dose forms ⓘ
31
Labelers (makers, repackagers, distributors)
14
Brand names
110
FDA-listed product records ⓘ
1948
Earliest FDA record ⓘ

FDA-listed product records by dose form (tablet variants merged) — FDA National Drug Code Directory. Record counts are not sales or prescription volume.

Also listed with the FDA, not a patient dose form: Powder (30) · Kit (2) — bulk drug substance sold to compounders/manufacturers and multi-item kits. These aren’t counted in the dose-form total above.

HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst11%
Medical Purchasing Solutions, LLC11%
Par Health USA, LLC6%
Sportpharm LLC6%
BPI Labs, LLC5%
Remedyrepack Inc.5%
Other makers55%

Share of FDA-listed product records by manufacturer — FDA National Drug Code Directory. Record counts are not sales or prescription volume.

How widely Epinephrine is used (Medicaid data)

A general measure of how commonly Epinephrine is prescribed, based on Medicaid — one of the largest public drug programs. The figure below is prescriptions filled in Q1–Q4 2025, summed across every form and brand of the drug.

Think of this as a proxy for how widely Epinephrine is used, drawn from freely available public data. Medicaid is just one program — these numbers don’t include Medicare, other government coverage, or commercial and cash-pay prescriptions, so real-world use is higher than what’s shown here.

1,108,898
Medicaid prescriptions filled (Q1–Q4 2025)
$291.7M gross Medicaid reimbursement (before mandatory rebates — net cost is lower)

How commonly is Epinephrine prescribed? Of the 1,601 medications we measure, Epinephrine ranks #158 by Medicaid prescriptions — more than 90% of them.

Where Epinephrine ranks among the drugs we measure · Q1–Q4 2025 · neighbors ±5
Total prescriptions — #158 of 1,601
#153 Medroxyprogesterone 1,134,727 Rx #154 Azelastine Nasal Spray 1,133,133 Rx #155 Paroxetine 1,132,136 Rx #156 Promethazine 1,115,560 Rx #157 Norethindrone 1,115,474 Rx #158 Epinephrine 1,108,898 Rx #159 Clotrimazole 1,108,672 Rx #160 Ezetimibe 1,107,588 Rx #161 Epinephrine Injection 1,101,355 Rx #162 Clobetasol 1,099,263 Rx #163 Lithium 1,098,757 Rx

Utilization by Epinephrine product

Pick a product to see its own Medicaid numbers. Each chip is one clinical product — a specific strength & dosage form as defined by RxNorm — with brand-name and generic versions combined.

The 0.3 mL / 1 mg/mL auto-injector is the most-dispensed Epinephrine product — about 46% of these Medicaid prescriptions.

NDA019430 0.3 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector Most dispensed

509,986 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) 46% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $142.9M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $280 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 3 of 15 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1870207

NDA020800 0.3 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector

283,234 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) 26% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $51.1M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $180 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 14 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1870230

NDA019430 0.3 ML epinephrine 0.5 MG/ML Auto-Injector

240,125 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) 22% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $68.6M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $286 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 3 of 11 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 727316

NDA020800 0.15 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector

23,549 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) 2% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $5.3M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $224 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 7 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1870225

NDA201739 0.3 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector

16,223 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) 1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $8.7M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $537 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 7 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1870205

1 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Injection

10,949 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $1M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $93 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 3 of 55 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1660014

epinephrine 20 MG/ML Nasal Spray

6,503 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $5.2M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $805 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 3 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 2693442

NDA201739 0.15 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector

6,113 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $3.6M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $582 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 7 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1870232

NDA201739 0.1 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML Auto-Injector

5,830 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $3.9M gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $676 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 5 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 1991328

epinephrine 1 MG/ML Injectable Solution

3,883 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $358,973 gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $92 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 5 of 30 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 310132

10 ML epinephrine 0.1 MG/ML Prefilled Syringe

1,463 Medicaid prescriptions (Q1–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $96,403 gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $66 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 21 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 727373

epinephrine 10 MG/ML Nasal Spray

1,040 Medicaid prescriptions (Q2–Q4 2025) <1% of Epinephrine prescriptions shown $913,302 gross reimbursement (before rebates) ≈ $878 per prescription (gross)

Summed across the 1 of 2 listed NDC products with Medicaid activity — every brand and generic of this exact strength & form. RxNorm 2709207

Shares are of the Medicaid prescriptions shown here. Product grouping follows RxNorm (the National Library of Medicine’s drug terminology), so “one product” means one strength & dosage form regardless of manufacturer. Dollar figures are gross Medicaid reimbursement before mandatory rebates — rebates (often large, especially for brand-name drugs) are confidential, so actual net cost to Medicaid is lower than shown.

Source: Medicaid State Drug Utilization Data (CMS), aggregated by generic ingredient — summed across every NDC (all brands, strengths, salt forms and dosage forms) of Epinephrine, and across all states and both fee-for-service and managed-care claims. A general popularity signal; it excludes Medicare, commercial insurance and cash prescriptions, so it is not total U.S. use. Based on the 22 of 177 listed Epinephrine NDCs with Medicaid activity.

Compare Epinephrine products

A representative set of FDA-listed product records for Epinephrine — across manufacturers, strengths, and dosage forms, grouped by form with each product’s manufacturer and how the FDA approved it. The same medicine may be made and packaged by different companies, so a single drug can have many directory entries. (It’s also why a refill can look different — a new shape, color, or box — even though it contains the same medication.)

Showing 110 of 110 products — FDA National Drug Code Directory. See every product, package size and price: browse all 110 Epinephrine NDCs →

Epinephrine side effects reported to the FDA (FAERS)

After a medicine reaches the market, patients, doctors and drugmakers can send the FDA reports of problems they think may be linked to it. Here’s what’s been reported for Epinephrine — a signal of what to watch for, not proof the drug caused it.

The effects most often named in FDA reports that mention Epinephrine are fatigue, headache, pain; about 64% of the reports were classed as serious. These are voluntary reports, so they show what people report, not how often it happens.

112,601
Reports mentioning it
64%
Reported as serious
12
Distinct effects shown
Most reported effects
Fatigue
6,225
Headache
6,156
Pain
6,078
Nausea
5,872
Dyspnoea
5,369
Sinusitis
4,348
Pneumonia
3,855
Diarrhoea
3,707
Vomiting
3,655
Pyrexia
3,529
Age groups
Adult · 13,611Elderly · 5,895Child · 1,662Adolescent · 1,217Neonate · 376Infant · 263

Source: openFDA, from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). These are voluntary reports — they don’t prove the drug caused the effect, and counts reflect how often something was reported, not how often it actually happens. Reports also often name the very problem the medicine is taken for — a common reason to file one is that the drug didn’t help — so for a pain reliever you may see “pain” high on the list; that points to why the report was filed, not to the drug causing the symptom. This counts every report that lists Epinephrine in any role, so the total runs higher than the FDA’s official dashboard, which counts only cases where the drug is the suspect. For the authoritative figures, see the FDA FAERS Public Dashboard. Always talk to your pharmacist or doctor.

Epinephrine FDA approval history

How Epinephrine went from FDA review to the pharmacy shelf — the key milestones in its regulatory journey.

Epinephrine was first approved by the FDA in 1948 (Brand: XYLOCAINE W/ EPINEPHRINE · Fresenius Kabi Usa); the first generic version was approved in 1972. It remains available in U.S. pharmacies today.

1948
Brand approved
Brand: XYLOCAINE W/ EPINEPHRINE · Fresenius Kabi Usa
1972
First generic approved
Lower-cost ANDA competition begins
2026
Available today
Active in U.S. pharmacies

Source: Drugs@FDA.

Epinephrine recall history

A recall is when a specific batch of a medicine is pulled from the market — usually a manufacturing issue, not a problem with the drug itself. Class I is most serious, Class III least.

The FDA’s enforcement reports list 4 Epinephrine recalls since July 2021, covering 8 product listings. Two of them are still ongoing or began in the last six months and are listed first. A recall names specific lots from one company, so check the lot number on your own bottle rather than assuming every product is affected; your pharmacist can check whether your supply came from an affected lot.

Ongoing Class III May 14, 2026 · Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC
Failed Impurities/Degradations Specifications
  • Epinephrine Injection, USP, 1mg/mL, 1 mL single-dose vial, Rx only, Fresenius Kabi, Lake Zurich, IL 60047, NDC 63323-696-02 (vial), NDC 63323-696-25 (carton) Lots: Batch # 6133313, 6133314, Exp Date: 06/2026; Batch # 6133315, Exp Date: 07/2026; Batch # 6133682, Exp Date: 09/2026; Batch # 6134812, 6134813, Exp Date: 04/2027. FDA record D-0581-2026 →
Ongoing Class II Apr 1, 2026 · International Medication Systems Ltd.
Lack of Assurance of Sterility
  • EPINEPHRINE Injection, USP, 1 mg/10mL (0.1 mg/mL), Rx only, INTERNATIONAL MEDICATION SYSTEMS, LIMITED, So. EL Monte, CA 91733, An Amphastar Pharmaceutical Company, NDC 76329-3318-1 Lots: Lot Number: EA038A5, Expiration Date: 08/2026. FDA record D-0483-2026 →
Class II Jan 17, 2024 · Completed · Henry Schein Inc. and Glove Club HSI Gloves Inc.
Labeling: Incorrect or Missing Lot and/or Exp Date. The expiration date listed on the Repack Pouch Label is incorrect.
  • Adrenalin (epinephrine) Injection 1mg/mL, 1mL single dose vial, Rx only, Packaged By: Henry Schein, Inc., 80 Summit View Lane, Bastian, VA 24314, Original NDC 42023-159-25 Repack NDC 0404-9810-01 Lots: Original Lot # 64103, exp. date 11/24 Repackaged Lot # 39747, exp. date 01/26 FDA record D-0342-2024 →
Class II Apr 13, 2022 · Terminated · Mckesson Medical-Surgical Inc. Corporate Office
cGMP deviations: Temperature abuse
  • Adrenalin (epinephrine injection, USP) 30 mg/30 mL (1mg/mL), 30 mL multiple dose vial, Rx only, MFG: Par Pharma, NDC 42023-168-01 Lots: McKesson Medical-Surgical (MMS) is not able to identify the particular lot number received by a particular consignee for the recalled prescription products. Each letter includes the date it was distributed to customers and the dates that i… FDA record D-1022-2022 →
  • Epinephrine Injection, USP, Single-Dose Auto-Injectors 0.15 mg, packaged in 2 count carton, Rx only, MFG: Mylan Pharma NDC 49502-101-02 Lots: McKesson Medical-Surgical (MMS) is not able to identify the particular lot number received by a particular consignee for the recalled prescription products. Each letter includes the date it was distributed to customers and the dates that i… FDA record D-1014-2022 →
  • Epinephrine Injection, USP, Single-Dose Auto-Injectors 0.3 mg, packaged in 2 count carton, Rx only, MFG: Mylan Pharma, NDC 49502-102-02 Lots: McKesson Medical-Surgical (MMS) is not able to identify the particular lot number received by a particular consignee for the recalled prescription products. Each letter includes the date it was distributed to customers and the dates that i… FDA record D-1013-2022 →
  • EPI-Pen Jr, 2-PAK, (epinephrine injection, USP) Single-Dose Auto-Injectors 0.15 mg, packaged in 2 count carton, Rx only, MFG: Mylan Pharma, NDC 49502-501-02 Lots: McKesson Medical-Surgical (MMS) is not able to identify the particular lot number received by a particular consignee for the recalled prescription products. Each letter includes the date it was distributed to customers and the dates that i… FDA record D-1012-2022 →
  • EPI-PEN 2-PAK (epinephrine injection, USP), Single-Dose Auto-Injectors 0.3 mg, Rx only, Manufactured for: Mylan Specialty LP., NDC 49502-500-02 Lots: McKesson Medical-Surgical (MMS) is not able to identify the particular lot number received by a particular consignee for the recalled prescription products. Each letter includes the date it was distributed to customers and the dates that i… FDA record D-0993-2022 →

Source: FDA enforcement (recall) reports, via openFDA; our copy was last updated Sep 24, 2026.

RxNorm Concept Web — From Ingredient to Every Form and Strength

This page starts with one ingredient concept (IN). The branches below show its dose-form concepts (SCDF), then the available clinical drug and strength concepts (SCD). Combination products remain separate concepts with their own pages.

Ingredient (IN) Epinephrine RxCUI 3992 10 dose forms · 32 strengths
  2. Dose form (SCDF) Inhalation Powder RxCUI 2108366 No current FDA listing
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 0.22 MG RxCUI 1546217
  3. Dose form (SCDF) Inhalation Solution RxCUI 2108382 No current FDA listing
  4. Dose form (SCDF) Injectable Solution RxCUI 372030 In current FDA listings
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 0.1 MG/ML RxCUI 310116 0.5 MG/ML RxCUI 245317 1 MG/ML RxCUI 310132
  6. Dose form (SCDF) Metered Dose Inhaler RxCUI 746206 In current FDA listings
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 160 ACTUAT epinephrine 0.125 MG/ACTUAT RxCUI 2109083 270 ACTUAT epinephrine 0.22 MG/ACTUAT RxCUI 883806
  7. Dose form (SCDF) Nasal Solution RxCUI 372031 In current FDA listings
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 1 MG/ML RxCUI 313967
  8. Dose form (SCDF) Nasal Spray RxCUI 2693441 In current FDA listings
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 10 MG/ML RxCUI 2709207 20 MG/ML RxCUI 2693442
  9. Dose form (SCDF) Ophthalmic Solution RxCUI 372029 No current FDA listing
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 0.5 MG/ML RxCUI 106779 1 MG/ML RxCUI 244284 2.5 MG/ML RxCUI 310127 5 MG/ML RxCUI 106780 10 MG/ML RxCUI 141848
  10. Dose form (SCDF) Prefilled Syringe RxCUI 727310 No current FDA listing
    Clinical drug / strength (SCD) 0.3 ML epinephrine 0.5 MG/ML RxCUI 2178790 0.3 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML RxCUI 1989112 1 ML epinephrine 1 MG/ML RxCUI 2637533 10 ML epinephrine 0.1 MG/ML RxCUI 727373

Look up RxCUI 3992 in the RxCUI Atlas →

RxNorm is the U.S. National Library of Medicine’s normalized drug vocabulary. Its concept hierarchy can include forms that are not currently marketed; the status on each branch compares that concept with current FDA listings. RxCUIs identify vocabulary concepts, not individual packages or manufacturers.

Epinephrine supply and shortage status

Whether Epinephrine is in short supply in the U.S. right now, plus any shortage history the FDA has on record. A shortage usually reflects a manufacturing or demand issue — not a safety problem with the drug.

Epinephrine is currently listed in shortage by the FDA (10 presentations on record).

⚠️Currently in shortage (FDA) — Epinephrine

Read the full Epinephrine shortage page — affected NDCs, other makers, and what to do →

Current Xylocaine, Injection, .01 mg/1 mL; 20 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-483-57)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Sensorcaine, Injection, 5 mg/1 mL; .005 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-462-37)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 02/20/2018 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .005 mg/1 mL; 10 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-487-37)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .01 mg/1 mL; 20 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-483-27)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .005 mg/1 mL; 15 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-488-37)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .01 mg/1 mL; 10 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-482-27)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Sensorcaine, Injection, 2.5 mg/1 mL; .005 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-468-37)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 02/20/2018 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .005 mg/1 mL; 10 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-487-17)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026
Current Sensorcaine, Injection, 5 mg/1 mL; .005 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-462-31)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 02/20/2018 · Updated 10/06/2026
Reason: Delay in shipping of the drug
Current Xylocaine, Injection, .005 mg/1 mL; 20 mg/1 mL (NDC 63323-489-17)
Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC · Since 10/14/2016 · Updated 10/06/2026

Source: openFDA, from the FDA Drug Shortages database.

💵 What Epinephrine costs pharmacies (NADAC benchmark)

The national average invoice price pharmacies pay for the drug itself, from CMS's NADAC survey (data as of Sep 30, 2026). This is a supply-cost benchmark — not a retail price and not what you'd pay at the counter.

FormStrengthPharmacy acquisition benchmark
Injection · Intramuscular 0.3 mg/0.3 mL $141.28 each NDC details & price history
Injection · Intramuscular 0.15 mg/0.3 mL $141.88 each NDC details & price history
Injection · Subcutaneous 0.3 mg/0.3 mL $112.00 each NDC details & price history
Injection · Subcutaneous 0.15 mg/0.15 mL $117.97 each NDC details & price history
Why show this? Your out-of-pocket cost depends on insurance, pharmacy markup, and discounts — but the acquisition benchmark tells you whether the medication itself is inexpensive or costly, which strengths cost more per dose, and whether a cash-price quote is in a reasonable range. Each row links to the NDC-level record with its full price history.

Source: CMS National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC), a survey of retail pharmacy invoice prices. Benchmarks shown are the range across package sizes of a representative product for each form and strength — other manufacturers' products may differ.

Epinephrine brand names

Epinephrine is sold under 14 brand names in the FDA directory — Auvi-Q, Adrenalin, Symjepi, Primatene Mist Inhaler and others. A brand and its generic contain the same active ingredient; the brand name belongs to one company's product.

Auvi-Q Adrenalin Symjepi Primatene Mist Inhaler neffy Epipen Primatene Mist Epipen Jr Orostat 8% Epinephrine Convenience Kit Epinephrine 0.3 Adults Epinephrine 0.15 Pediatrics Adrenalin Vials Epinephrine Pediatrics

Who makes Epinephrine: manufacturers and labelers

31 companies list Epinephrine products with the FDA. By number of product records, the largest are HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst, Medical Purchasing Solutions, LLC, Par Health USA, LLC. Labelers include manufacturers and repackagers; the product in your bottle depends on which one your pharmacy stocks.

HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst 12 Medical Purchasing Solutions, LLC 12 Par Health USA, LLC 7 Sportpharm LLC 7 BPI Labs, LLC 6 Remedyrepack Inc. 6 A-S Medication Solutions 5 Asclemed USA, Inc. 5 Sina Health Inc 5 Baxter Healthcare Corporation 4 Gland Pharma Limited 4 Viatris Specialty LLC 4 Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Inc., Usa 3 ProPharma Distribution 3 kaleo, Inc 3 ARS Pharmaceuticals Operations, Inc. 2 American Regent, Inc. 2 Amneal Pharmaceuticals of New York LLC 2 Armstrong Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2 Fresenius Kabi USA, LLC 2 Henry Schein, Inc. 2 International Medication Systems, Limited 2 Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. 2 Advanced Rx Pharmacy of Tennessee, LLC 1

…and 7 more on the FDA NDC directory.

Epinephrine drug class (RxNorm)

Epinephrine belongs to the alpha-Adrenergic Agonist class.

Pharmacologic class alpha-Adrenergic Agonist, beta-Adrenergic Agonist, Catecholamine
Drug family (ATC) Other agents for local oral treatment, Local hemostatics, Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents
How it works Adrenergic alpha-Agonists, Adrenergic beta-Agonists

Classified by RxNorm RxClass — the U.S. National Library of Medicine's standardized drug-classification service (Established Pharmacologic Class from the FDA, the ATC drug family from the WHO, and mechanism of action). Reference only, not medical advice.

Sources for this Epinephrine page

Core label, product, RxNorm, safety, and utilization data on this page come from the sources identified below. AI-written, editorial, and licensed sections are labeled separately.

📄
FDA-filed drug labels (SPL) Uses, dosing, warnings & side effects from SPL records retrieved through openFDA; the linked representative set can be verified on DailyMed. ✓ Linked label effective Feb 15, 2023
🏭
Forms, brands & labelersAggregated from ingredient-matched FDA National Drug Code Directory product records for Epinephrine.
📈
Real-world reportsThe FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), served through openFDA.
🚨
Recalls & shortagesopenFDA drug-enforcement reports and the FDA drug-shortage database.
🧾 Clinical label set — FDA-filed SPL labels retained for Epinephrine after exact ingredient or ingredient-combination matching and applicable route/form matching
Clinical labels in scope
86
Finished products in the current FDA directory
110
Companies listing them (makers, repackagers, distributors)
31
FDA labeler codes behind them ⓘ
32
Linked representative label ⓘ
Mylan Specialty L.P.
Linked label effective
Feb 15, 2023
Composite sections available
20
Linked SPL Set ID
778ac6ae-6bcb-47a4-bcb3-8dd0da9f8836
Linked SPL Document ID
b526b53a-fe41-462e-b453-745f36d136eb
Open the linked representative label on DailyMed ↗

How this page is built

HelloPharmacist combines public FDA and NLM records and does not author the underlying clinical facts. The plain-language sections are written with AI from the FDA-approved label text and reviewed by our pharmacy team before publication. Mylan Specialty L.P. is the representative DailyMed label linked for verification and dates. This is general education, not medical advice: always talk to your doctor or pharmacist about your own medicines. How we build and review drug pages →