Drug & supplement interaction

Gossypol + Etravirine

Etravirine brand name: Intelence.

No Known Interaction
The bottom line No known interaction

We found no known interaction between Gossypol and Etravirine in our sources. Absence of a documented interaction is not the same as proven safety, and does not guarantee one does not exist. Do not start, stop, or change a medication or supplement based on this page; confirm with your pharmacist or doctor first. Additionally, although there is no interaction, the two are separately associated with some of the same side effects, which would make a new symptom harder to attribute to one or the other.

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Interaction report

Gossypol and Etravirine

We checked these two against our interaction database. Here is what we found.

No Known Interaction Found

We did not find a documented interaction between Etravirine and Gossypol in our sources. This does not guarantee that the combination is completely free of risk — there is often limited research on supplements and herbal products, especially around drug interactions.

If you decide to take both, the practical routine is simple: add one new thing at a time and note the date you started it. If the combination is going to disagree with you, it usually shows in the first days to a couple of weeks — and a start date turns “I’ve been feeling off” into something a pharmacist can actually work with. Do not stop a prescribed medicine on your own.

Always talk with your pharmacist or doctor before making changes to your medications or supplements, particularly if you take several medications or have an ongoing health condition.

Gossypol safety at a glance

Gossypol overall Avoid Gossypol is toxic and is not approved as a safe dietary supplement.
Pregnancy Likely Unsafe When used orally; gossypol seems to have abortifacient and uterine stimulant effects, avoid using. Read the full pregnancy detail
Breastfeeding Possibly Unsafe When used orally; avoid using. Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — the full detail is in the Special populations card below. Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Still wondering about combining Etravirine and Gossypol? Ask Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS directly ›
How we checked

Why No Interaction Is Listed for Etravirine

Interactions in our licensed database are recorded against drug classes, not just single drug names. Etravirine is filed under 9 classifications — including non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nnrtis), cytochrome p450 2c19 (cyp2c19) inhibitors, cytochrome p450 2c9 (cyp2c9) inhibitors. Gossypol has documented interactions with 4 drug classes — the most serious being digoxin (lanoxin) (moderate), diuretic drugs (moderate) and stimulant laxatives (moderate) — and none of Etravirine’s classifications are among them.

Classification data comes from our licensed Natural Medicines dataset. A medication can belong to classes beyond those recorded there, so this describes how the check was run — it is not a safety guarantee.

Keep it in perspective

Gossypol Does Interact With Other Medications

Gossypol has 104 moderate known drug interactions in our database — Etravirine isn’t one of them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Gossypol

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Gossypol. Pick one to open its full report.

What to actually watch for

No Interaction Found — But Data Suggests Gossypol and Etravirine May Share Several of the Same Side Effects

This is not an interaction. Neither one changes how your body handles the other, and nothing here says they react together. What our sources do show is that each has separately been linked to the effects below — so taking both can make those effects more likely to turn up, and harder to pin on one or the other if they do. One of them is worth acting on rather than waiting out — marked below.

  • Liver problems Worth acting on Additional detail

    Gossypol

    “Orally, gossypol seems to be well-tolerated when used at doses below 20 mg daily, short-term. Using gossypol long-term or in doses greater than 20 mg daily may be unsafe.

    Most Common Adverse Effects:

    Orally: Diarrhea, hypokalemia, nausea, and vomiting.

    Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):

    Orally: When used long-term or in high doses, circulatory problems, dermatologic toxicity, heart failure, hepatotoxicity, infertility (…”

    Gossypol · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in congestive heart failure (chf).

    Etravirine

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Etravirine. Read the label on DailyMed ›

  • Reduced appetite Additional detail

    Gossypol

    “Orally, gossypol has been reported to cause nausea in 30% of subjects, vomiting in 15% of subjects, and diarrhea in 10% of subjects in one clinical study. High doses may cause mucosal sloughing, mucosal necrosis, and intestinal hemorrhage. Gossypol has also been reported to cause anorexia, malnutrition, and altered taste sensation.”

    Gossypol · Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, reported in anorexia.

    6 sources cited
    1. 52634. Van Poznak, C., Seidman, A. D., Reidenberg, M. M., Moasser, M. M., Sklarin, N., Van Zee, K., Borgen, P., Gollub, M., Bacotti, D., Yao, T. J., Bloch, R., Ligueros, M., Sonenberg, M., Norton, L., and Hudis, C. Oral gossypol in the treatment of patients wit
    2. 166. Miller LG. Herbal Medicinals: Selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:2200-11.
    3. 8290. Coutinho EM, Athayde C, Atta G, et al. Gossypol blood levels and inhibition of spermatogenesis in men taking gossypol as a contraceptive. A multicenter, international, dose-finding study. Contraception 2000;61:61-7. PubMed
    4. 52824. Aitken, R. J., Liu, J., Best, F. S., and Richardson, D. W. An analysis of the direct effects of gossypol on human spermatozoa. Int.J.Androl 1983;6(2):157-167. PubMed
    5. 8292. Herve JC, Pluciennik F, Bastide B, et al. Contraceptive gossypol blocks cell-to-cell communication in human and rat cells. Eur J Pharmacol 1996;313:243-55. PubMed
    6. 52665. Randel, R. D., Chase, C. C., Jr., and Wyse, S. J. Effects of gossypol and cottonseed products on reproduction of mammals. J.Anim Sci. 1992;70(5):1628-1638. PubMed

    Etravirine

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Etravirine. Read the label on DailyMed ›

  • Diarrhea / Vomiting Additional detail

    Gossypol

    Recorded for Gossypol in the same Natural Medicines adverse-effect record shown under Liver problems above.

    Etravirine

    Listed in the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of the FDA label for Etravirine. Read the label on DailyMed ›

Reported for Gossypol but not commonly for Etravirine: a low platelet count, a change in taste, heart failure and low potassium.

Effects for Etravirine come from the ADVERSE REACTIONS section of its FDA label; effects for Gossypol come from the Natural Medicines adverse-effect record, quoted above. Where a percentage is shown, it is the share of 4,422 voluntary FDA FAERS reports for Etravirine that mention that effect — a reporting proportion, not an incidence rate and not evidence the drug caused it. Wording is matched across sources by our own clinical vocabulary, so treat this as a prompt to pay attention, not a diagnosis.

Special populations

Gossypol in Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Pregnancy Likely Unsafe

When used orally; gossypol seems to have abortifacient and uterine stimulant effects, avoid using.

Lactation Possibly Unsafe

When used orally; avoid using.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Etravirine

This page covers Gossypol only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Etravirine page lists 169 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Grapefruit (major), St. John's Wort (major), Acacia Rigidula (moderate) and Adrafinil (moderate).

By severity: 3 major · 127 moderate · 39 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Etravirine page

“For someone taking etravirine (Intelence), an HIV medicine often used when the virus has already resisted other drugs, keeping a steady blood level is the whole point, and this list of 169 supplements and herbs deserves genuine care. The three major-rated entries come first: St.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Etravirine interaction page

How much people look this up

Where Gossypol and Etravirine Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Gossypol
Steady interest

#912 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Etravirine
Steady interest

#2,175 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Where does our data come from?
  • Source: the Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) clinical database — the evidence-graded professional reference for herb & supplement interactions.
  • Citation library: 103,510 references behind our interaction content, 65,311 of them resolved to verified PubMed/DOI sources. See every Gossypol reference on this page ↓
  • Freshness: we automatically re-check this combination every week — this pair was last verified September 20, 2026. The Gossypol and Etravirine records this page draws on were last updated July 11, 2026.
  • What “no known interaction” means: no documented interaction in the sources above — not a guarantee of safety. Supplements are studied far less than prescription drugs, so we say exactly what the evidence supports, and nothing more.
Data structure & sourcing designed and verified by .
Supplement

About Gossypol

What is Gossypol?

Gossypol
  • Male contraception (research interest)
  • Reduction of sperm production
  • Endometriosis (historical/research)
  • Antiviral and antiparasitic research
  • Cancer cell research

Gossypol is a toxic yellow pigment from cotton plants that has been studied mainly as an experimental male contraceptive because it can lower sperm production. It is not an approved or safe over-the-counter supplement, and it carries serious risks including possibly permanent infertility, low potassium, and organ toxicity. It should not be used for self-treatment.

Gossypium hirsutum · Malvaceae · Seeds (cottonseed) and seed oil; the pigment gossypol is extracted from these · Purified compound used in research; not commonly sold as a standardized consumer supplement

An interaction check asks whether these two react with each other — it does not ask whether Gossypol is a good idea for someone in your situation. Here is what our Gossypol record says about it on its own.

Gossypol: dosing

There is no established safe or standardized dose of gossypol for supplement use. The doses studied in research were used under medical supervision and still carried serious risks.Because gossypol is toxic and not approved as a dietary supplement, we cannot recommend any specific amount. If you encounter a product that lists gossypol, do not use it without first speaking to a pharmacist or doctor, and follow any professional guidance rather than a product label alone.

From our Gossypol monograph — the full record covers uses, side effects and every documented interaction.

Read the full Gossypol monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Etravirine

What Is Etravirine Used For?

Brand name: Intelence

Etravirine (brand name Intelence) is used to treat HIV-1 infection in people who have already received other antiretroviral (HIV) treatments — meaning it is meant for patients whose HIV has had a chance to develop resistance to earlier therapies. It is always used as part of a combination regimen with other HIV medications, never on its own.

Both the brand Intelence and generic etravirine tablets are approved for adults and for children ages 2 to under 18 who weigh at least 10 kg (about 22 pounds) and who have already been treated with other HIV drugs.

Most-Reported Side Effects for Etravirine

From FAERS, the FDA’s public side-effect reporting system (4,422 reports, all brands). Reports are voluntary and are not proof the drug caused the effect.

Drug resistance 266 reports
Anxiety 247 reports
Emotional distress 243 reports
Virologic failure 237 reports
Anhedonia 219 reports
See full Etravirine drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Gossypol

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Gossypol — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
104Moderate
0Minor
2,725No known interaction
Moderate

104 interactions

Showing 60 of 104 moderate interactions — see all 104 on the Gossypol page.

No interaction 2,725 drugs checked — show the list
Evidence & sources

Gossypol References

The 53 references that drive our Gossypol monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Miller LG. Herbal Medicinals: Selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:2200-11.
  4. Cowart CL, London SN, Vernon MW, Pedigo NG. The effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, forskolin, and theophylline on motility parameters in gossypol-treated human sperm. Fertil Steril 1994;61:929-34. PubMed
  5. Coutinho EM. Gossypol: a contraceptive for men. Contraception 2002;65:259-63. PubMed
  6. Guo J, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase by bioflavonoids and their interaction with furosemide and gossypol. J Lab Clin Med 1998;132:32-8.
  7. Coutinho EM, Athayde C, Atta G, et al. Gossypol blood levels and inhibition of spermatogenesis in men taking gossypol as a contraceptive. A multicenter, international, dose-finding study. Contraception 2000;61:61-7. PubMed
  8. Herve JC, Pluciennik F, Bastide B, et al. Contraceptive gossypol blocks cell-to-cell communication in human and rat cells. Eur J Pharmacol 1996;313:243-55. PubMed
  9. Taylor GT, Griffin MG, Bardgett M. Search for a male contraceptive: the effect of gossypol on sexual motivation and epididymal sperm. J Med 1991;22:29-44.
  10. Woolley, R. J. Contraception--a look forward, Part II: Mifepristone and gossypol. J.Am.Board Fam.Pract. 1991;4(2):103-113.
  11. Liu, G. Z., Lyle, K. C., and Cao, J. Clinical trial of gossypol as a male contraceptive drug. Part I. Efficacy study. Fertil.Steril. 1987;48(3):459-461. PubMed
  12. Qian, S. Z. and Wang, Z. G. Gossypol: a potential antifertility agent for males. Annu.Rev.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 1984;24:329-360. PubMed
  13. Qian, S. Z., Jing, G. W., Wu, X. Y., Xu, Y., Li, Y. Q., and Zhou, Z. H. Gossypol related hypokalemia. Clinicopharmacologic studies. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 1980;93(7):477-482.
  14. Flack, M. R., Pyle, R. G., Mullen, N. M., Lorenzo, B., Wu, Y. W., Knazek, R. A., Nisula, B. C., and Reidenberg, M. M. Oral gossypol in the treatment of metastatic adrenal cancer. J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 1993;76(4):1019-1024. PubMed
  15. Bushunow, P., Reidenberg, M. M., Wasenko, J., Winfield, J., Lorenzo, B., Lemke, S., Himpler, B., Corona, R., and Coyle, T. Gossypol treatment of recurrent adult malignant gliomas. J.Neurooncol. 1999;43(1):79-86. PubMed

Medication overviews come from MedlinePlus (NIH); supplement label data from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Gossypol and Etravirine Together: Common Questions

Is it safe to take Gossypol with Etravirine?
We do not list a known interaction between Gossypol and Etravirine. That does not guarantee the combination is risk-free, so confirm with your pharmacist or doctor — especially if you take other medications or have a health condition.
Do Gossypol and Etravirine have any of the same side effects?
Yes — our sources link each of them separately to 4 of the same effects. That is not an interaction: neither changes how your body handles the other. It does mean that if one of those effects turns up, it can be harder to tell which one is behind it. They are listed on this page with the source behind each.
How was the Gossypol and Etravirine combination checked?
Interactions in our licensed database are recorded against drug classes. Etravirine is filed under 9 classifications, and Gossypol has documented interactions with 4 drug classes — none of Etravirine's classifications are among them. A medication can belong to classes beyond those recorded in our dataset, so this describes how the check was run rather than guaranteeing safety.
Does Gossypol interact with any other medications?
Yes. Gossypol has 104 documented drug interactions in our database — Etravirine is simply not one of them. If you take anything else, it is worth checking each one; they are all listed on this page.
Does Etravirine interact with any supplements?
Yes. Etravirine has documented interactions with 169 supplements in our database — Gossypol is not one of them. The Etravirine interaction page linked on this page lists every one, ranked by severity.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Still Have a Question About Etravirine and Gossypol?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.