Herb & supplement monograph

Black Hellebore Drug Interactions, Uses, Safety & More

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Reviewed by licensed pharmacists Sourced from Natural Medicines

Black Hellebore Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line

From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated July 2026

Based on the available evidence, Black Hellebore drug interactions carry a moderate level of concern for most people, mainly because this plant naturally contains heart-active compounds similar to some heart medications. Every listed interaction is rated moderate rather than major, and all rest on theoretical reasoning rather than documented human cases.

Interactions deserving the most attention

The clearest concern is with digoxin, since Black Hellebore contains cardiac glycosides that could add to digoxin's effects and raise the risk of toxicity. Combinations that lower potassium deserve similar care, especially potassium-depleting diuretics such as furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide, and overused stimulant laxatives, because low potassium makes glycoside toxicity more likely. Certain antibiotics, including macrolides and tetracyclines, and quinine are flagged for the same theoretical reason.

What the rest of the list means

Although the list of interacting medications looks long, nearly all of it traces back to one shared issue: the glycoside compounds in the plant itself. None of these interactions has been confirmed in human studies, so they represent a predicted risk based on how these compounds work rather than harm that has actually been documented in people.

Check your medications against Black Hellebore

Based on HelloPharmacist’s Black Hellebore interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.

Interaction report

Drugs that interact with Black Hellebore

133 medications have a known interaction with Black Hellebore, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.

2,830 drugs
Acetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual› Acetaminophen, Pamabrom, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength PMS, Pamprin, Pamprin ES› AcetazolamideAk-Zol, Diamox› Amiloride, HydrochlorothiazideAmil-Co, Amilzide, Moduret 25, Moduretic› Ammonium ChlorideAmmonium Chloride› Amphotericin, TetracyclineMysteclin-F› ArmodafinilNuvigil› Atenolol, ChlortalidoneAtenixCo, Tenoret 50, Totaretic› Atenolol, ChlorthalidoneTenoretic› Azilsartan, ChlorthalidoneEdarbyclor› AzithromycinAzasite, Zithromax, Zmax› Benazepril, HydrochlorothiazideLotensin HCT› BendroflumethiazideAprinox, Naturetin, Neo-NaClex› Bendroflumethiazide, NadololCorzide› Bendroflumethiazide, PotassiumCentyl K, Neo-NaClex-K› Bendroflumethiazide, Rauwolfia SerpentinaRauzide› BenzthiazideExna› BisacodylDulcolax, Gentlax› Bisacodyl, DocusateDulcolax Laxative Tabs› Bismuth Subsalicylate, Metronidazole, TetracyclineHelidac› Bisoprolol, HydrochlorothiazideZiac› BumetanideBurinex› Bumetanide, PotassiumBurinex K› Caffeine, Potassium Salicylate, SalicylamideTrim-Elim› Candesartan Cilexetil, HydrochlorothiazideAtacand HCT› Captopril, HydrochlorothiazideAcezide, Capozide› CasanthranolDoxidan Liquid Gels› Casanthranol, DocusateDoxidan› Casanthranol, Docusate PotassiumDialose Plus› Casanthranol, Docusate SodiumPeri-Colace›
Read The List Like a Pharmacist

What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean

Severity — How Serious It Can Be

  • Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
  • Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
  • Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
  • No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.

Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented

  • Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
  • Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
  • Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.

Where This Data Comes From

  • Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
  • Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Black Hellebore combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
  • Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The big picture

The kinds of drugs Black Hellebore affects

Every type of medication (drug category) Black Hellebore is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

All 6 drug categories Black Hellebore interacts with
Digoxin (lanoxin)Diuretic DrugsMacrolide AntibioticsQuinineStimulant LaxativesTetracycline Antibiotics
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Black hellebore contains cardiac glycosides. Using black hellebore in combination with digoxin might have additive effects and increase the risk of toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of potassium depleting diuretics and black hellebore can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion. Some diuretics that can deplete potassium include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, Hydrodiuril, Microzide), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Macrolide Antibiotics

Theoretically, concomitant use of macrolide antibiotics and black hellebore might increase risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity. Some of these drugs include erythromycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Quinine

Theoretically, concomitant use of quinine and black hellebore can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stimulant Laxatives

Theoretically, overuse or misuse of stimulant laxatives can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, concomitant use of tetracyclic antibiotics and black hellebore might increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Monograph

Black Hellebore: Uses, Safety & Side Effects

The bottom line

Black Hellebore is a highly toxic plant that was used in old folk medicine but has no proven, safe modern use. Because even small amounts can cause severe poisoning and dangerous heart rhythm problems, it should not be taken as a supplement. Talk to a doctor or pharmacist before considering any product that contains it.

Black Hellebore
Scientific name
Helleborus niger
Family
Ranunculaceae
Part used
Root and rhizome (historically)
Common forms
Rarely sold today; historically dried root, powders, and tinctures
People commonly use it for
  • Constipation (historical purgative)
  • Mental and nervous disorders (historical)
  • Worm and parasite expulsion (historical)
  • Fluid retention (historical)
  • Heart conditions (historical, dangerous)

Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.

Safety at a glance
OverallBest avoided

All parts are poisonous and can cause serious, potentially fatal harm.

PregnancyLikely Unsafe

When used orally because it can have menstrual stimulant or abortifacient effects; avoid using.

Read the full pregnancy detail
BreastfeedingLikely Unsafe

When used orally; avoid using.

Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Jump to a section

Overview

Black Hellebore (Helleborus niger), also called Christmas Rose, is a perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family. It is native to parts of Europe and is known for white or pale pink flowers that can bloom in winter. The "black" in its name refers to the dark color of its roots, not its flowers.

Although it has a long history in traditional and ancient medicine, Black Hellebore is well known to be poisonous. Today it is mostly grown as an ornamental garden plant rather than used as a remedy. Any medicinal use described in old texts was done with great caution because the plant can cause severe harm.

Uses & effectiveness

In historical herbal medicine, Black Hellebore was used as a strong laxative (purgative), to treat mental illness or "madness," to expel intestinal worms, to remove excess body fluid, and at times for heart problems. These uses come from old tradition, not from solid modern research.

There is no good scientific evidence that Black Hellebore safely treats any condition. Because of its toxic nature, it has not been studied in well-designed human trials for any modern medical use. The risks clearly outweigh any unproven benefits.

How it works

Black Hellebore contains naturally toxic compounds, including substances that act on the heart in a way similar to cardiac glycosides (heart-affecting chemicals found in some other plants). It also contains irritating compounds that can affect the stomach and intestines.

These compounds are thought to be responsible for both its old reputation as a powerful purgative and for its dangerous effects on heart rhythm. Most of what is known comes from poisoning reports and laboratory study of its chemistry rather than from controlled human research.

Safety & precautions

Black Hellebore is toxic and should not be taken. All parts of the plant, especially the root, contain poisons that can cause serious illness even in small amounts. Children and pets are at particular risk if they swallow any part of the plant.

People with heart conditions, kidney problems, or digestive disease are at especially high risk of harm. Pregnant and breastfeeding people should never use it — it is toxic and has historically been linked to causing miscarriage. If you suspect any poisoning, contact poison control or emergency services right away. Always speak with a pharmacist or doctor before using any herbal product.

Side effects

Even small amounts of Black Hellebore can cause serious side effects. Reported problems include nausea, vomiting, severe diarrhea, abdominal cramps, drooling, burning of the mouth and throat, dizziness, and confusion.

More dangerous effects include slow or irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure, seizures, and in severe cases, death. Skin contact with the plant can also cause irritation. Because of these serious risks, this plant is considered unsafe for any home or self-care use.

Black Hellebore: Reported Adverse Effects

Documented safety reports on Black Hellebore from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.

Orally, black hellebore can cause GI irritation and an irregular heartbeat. The symptoms of poisoning from black hellebore include scratchy throat or mouth, salivation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, shortness of breath, spasm, and asphyxiation.

Topically, the fresh plant may cause irritation or inflammation when handled.

  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
Reports by condition
Diarrhea Gastrointestinal

Orally, black hellebore can cause GI irritation. The symptoms of poisoning from black hellebore include scratchy throat or mouth, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

  1. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
Poisoning Neurologic/CNS

Orally, the symptoms of poisoning from black hellebore include salivation and dizziness.

  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
Poisoning Pulmonary/Respiratory

Orally, the symptoms of poisoning from black hellebore include shortness of breath, spasm, and asphyxiation.

  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

Dosing

There is no safe or established dose of Black Hellebore. Because it is poisonous and the line between a historical "dose" and a toxic amount is very small, no responsible dosing guidance can be given.

We do not recommend taking Black Hellebore in any form. If you come across a product that contains it, do not use it without first talking to a doctor or pharmacist.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Black Hellebore & Pregnancy

Likely Unsafe

When used orally because it can have menstrual stimulant or abortifacient effects; avoid using.

  1. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.

Black Hellebore & Breastfeeding

Likely Unsafe

When used orally; avoid using.

  1. Tyler VE. Herbs of Choice. Binghamton, NY: Pharmaceutical Products Press, 1994.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

References & further reading

The 5 references that drive our Black Hellebore monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Tyler VE. Herbs of Choice. Binghamton, NY: Pharmaceutical Products Press, 1994.
  2. Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
  3. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Burnham TH, ed. Drug Facts and Comparisons, Updated Monthly. Facts and Comparisons, St. Louis, MO.
Keep reading

This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Brand directory

Brands that make products with Black Hellebore

1 brand in our database make a supplement containing Black Hellebore.

Product directory

Supplement products with Black Hellebore

1 product in our database contain Black Hellebore. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Black Hellebore: Common Questions

Does Black Hellebore interact with prescription medications?
Yes. We list 133 medications with a known interaction with Black Hellebore. Use the checker above to see how Black Hellebore interacts with a specific drug.
How are Black Hellebore interactions rated?
Each interaction is graded major, moderate, or minor based on how clinically significant it is and the strength of the evidence behind it. Major interactions are the most serious and are best avoided, or used only under close professional supervision.
Is it safe to take Black Hellebore with my medications?
It depends on the specific medication. Some combinations are fine, while others call for monitoring, timing changes, or should be avoided. Check your exact drug above and confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing anything.
Where does this Black Hellebore interaction information come from?
Our interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database — an evidence-graded reference for vitamins, herbs, and supplements — and is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists, who may add clinical context.
Is Black Hellebore safe to take?
No. It is a poisonous plant that can cause severe stomach problems, dangerous heart rhythm changes, and even death. It is not considered safe to take.
What was Black Hellebore used for in the past?
In old folk and ancient medicine it was used as a strong laxative, to treat mental illness, to remove worms, and for fluid retention. None of these uses are supported by reliable modern evidence.
Can I use Black Hellebore while pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. It is toxic and has historically been linked to causing miscarriage. Pregnant and breastfeeding people should avoid it completely.
What should I do if someone swallows part of the plant?
Treat it as a poisoning emergency. Contact your local poison control center or emergency services right away, even if symptoms have not yet appeared.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Products that contain Black Hellebore

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