Herb & supplement monograph

Wahoo Drug Interactions, Uses, Safety & More

Check Wahoo against your medication

Add one medication
Wahoo
+
Start typing any prescription or over-the-counter drug name.
Reviewed by licensed pharmacists Sourced from Natural Medicines

Wahoo Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line

From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated July 2026

Based on the available evidence, Wahoo drug interactions carry real risk, mainly because this plant contains heart-active compounds that can add to or worsen the effects of certain medications. One interaction is rated major and well documented in humans, and the rest are moderate concerns that nearly all trace back to the same heart-related risk.

Interactions deserving the most attention

The combination that matters most is digoxin, and this pairing is considered contraindicated because wahoo can duplicate the drug's effects and push it into toxic territory. Caution also applies to potassium-depleting diuretics such as furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide, and to stimulant laxatives, since losing potassium can make wahoo's heart effects more dangerous. Macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics, as well as quinine, raise a similar theoretical concern about heart toxicity.

What the rest of the list means

Although the list of interacting medications is long, almost every entry reflects one shared worry rather than many separate problems: wahoo's natural heart-active compounds. Outside of digoxin, these interactions are theoretical, based on how the combinations could behave rather than on proven harm in people. Even so, the consistent heart-related theme is why so many moderate cautions appear.

Check your medications against Wahoo

Based on HelloPharmacist’s Wahoo interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.

Interaction report

Drugs that interact with Wahoo

133 medications have a known interaction with Wahoo, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.

1 major interaction. These combinations can be clinically significant — best avoided, or used only with close professional supervision. Always check with your pharmacist before combining them with Wahoo.

2,830 drugs
DigoxinDigitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin› Acetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual› Acetaminophen, Pamabrom, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength PMS, Pamprin, Pamprin ES› AcetazolamideAk-Zol, Diamox› Amiloride, HydrochlorothiazideAmil-Co, Amilzide, Moduret 25, Moduretic› Ammonium ChlorideAmmonium Chloride› Amphotericin, TetracyclineMysteclin-F› ArmodafinilNuvigil› Atenolol, ChlortalidoneAtenixCo, Tenoret 50, Totaretic› Atenolol, ChlorthalidoneTenoretic› Azilsartan, ChlorthalidoneEdarbyclor› AzithromycinAzasite, Zithromax, Zmax› Benazepril, HydrochlorothiazideLotensin HCT› BendroflumethiazideAprinox, Naturetin, Neo-NaClex› Bendroflumethiazide, NadololCorzide› Bendroflumethiazide, PotassiumCentyl K, Neo-NaClex-K› Bendroflumethiazide, Rauwolfia SerpentinaRauzide› BenzthiazideExna› BisacodylDulcolax, Gentlax› Bisacodyl, DocusateDulcolax Laxative Tabs› Bismuth Subsalicylate, Metronidazole, TetracyclineHelidac› Bisoprolol, HydrochlorothiazideZiac› BumetanideBurinex› Bumetanide, PotassiumBurinex K› Caffeine, Potassium Salicylate, SalicylamideTrim-Elim› Candesartan Cilexetil, HydrochlorothiazideAtacand HCT› Captopril, HydrochlorothiazideAcezide, Capozide› CasanthranolDoxidan Liquid Gels› Casanthranol, DocusateDoxidan› Casanthranol, Docusate PotassiumDialose Plus›
Read The List Like a Pharmacist

What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean

Severity — How Serious It Can Be

  • Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
  • Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
  • Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
  • No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.

Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented

  • Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
  • Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
  • Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.

Where This Data Comes From

  • Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
  • Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Wahoo combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
  • Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The big picture

The kinds of drugs Wahoo affects

Every type of medication (drug category) Wahoo is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

All 6 drug categories Wahoo interacts with
Digoxin (lanoxin)Diuretic DrugsMacrolide AntibioticsQuinineStimulant LaxativesTetracycline Antibiotics
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Contraindicated; using wahoo with digoxin increases risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to therapeutic duplication.

Likelihood Likely Evidence D
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of potassium-depleting diuretics with wahoo can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion. Some diuretics that can deplete potassium include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Thalitone), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, Hydrodiuril, Microzide), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Macrolide Antibiotics

Theoretically, concomitant use may increase risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Quinine

Theoretically, concomitant use of quinine and wahoo might increase risk of cardiac toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Stimulant Laxatives

Theoretically, use of stimulant laxatives with wahoo might have additive laxative effects, and can increase the risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity due to potassium depletion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, concomitant use may increase risk of cardiac glycoside toxicity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Monograph

Wahoo: Uses, Safety & Side Effects

The bottom line

Wahoo is a North American shrub historically used as a laxative and 'liver tonic,' but it is a poisonous plant with no proven benefit and a real risk of serious harm. Because it contains heart-affecting and other toxic compounds, we do not recommend using it, and there is no established safe dose.

Wahoo
Scientific name
Euonymus atropurpureus
Family
Celastraceae
Part used
Dried root bark and stem bark (historically)
Common forms
Historically tinctures, extracts, and powdered bark; rarely available today
People commonly use it for
  • Constipation (traditional laxative)
  • Digestive complaints
  • Liver and gallbladder support (folk use)
  • Fluid retention (traditional diuretic)
  • Skin irritations (folk use)

Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.

Safety at a glance
OverallBest avoided

Wahoo is considered poisonous and can cause serious, even life-threatening effects.

PregnancyLikely Unsafe

When used orally.

Read the full pregnancy detail
BreastfeedingLikely Unsafe

When used orally.

Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Jump to a section

Overview

Wahoo (Euonymus atropurpureus), also called Eastern wahoo or burning bush, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to North America. It often grows in moist, shady woodlands and along streams, and is known for its bright pink-and-orange fruit in the fall.

In traditional and folk medicine, the bark of the root and stem was used as a laxative, a 'liver tonic,' and a remedy for many other complaints. Today it is rarely used, and most health experts warn against it because the plant is poisonous.

Uses & effectiveness

People have traditionally used wahoo for constipation, digestive problems, liver and gallbladder concerns, fluid retention, and skin irritations. None of these uses are backed by good-quality human studies.

The evidence is essentially insufficient for all uses. There are no reliable clinical trials showing that wahoo is safe or effective for any condition. Because the plant is toxic, the possible risks clearly outweigh any unproven benefits.

How it works

Wahoo contains a mix of natural compounds, including cardiac (heart-active) substances called cardenolides and possibly alkaloids. These are believed to be responsible for both its strong laxative effect and its toxicity.

The exact 'active' ingredient and how it works in the body are not well understood. What is clear from poisoning reports is that these compounds can irritate the gut and affect the heart and circulation. Most of this understanding comes from older reports and the plant's known chemistry, not from modern controlled research.

Safety & precautions

Wahoo is widely considered a poisonous plant. The seeds, fruit, bark, and leaves can all be harmful, and serious poisonings have been reported, especially in children who eat the attractive berries.

Because of its heart-active compounds, wahoo may be especially dangerous for people with heart conditions, kidney or liver problems, or anyone who is dehydrated or has electrolyte imbalances. Children, older adults, and anyone who is medically fragile are at higher risk.

Pregnancy: Avoid wahoo. It is toxic and has historically been associated with stimulating the uterus, which could be dangerous. Breastfeeding: Avoid wahoo, since its safety is unknown and its toxic compounds could pass to the baby. If you have taken or been exposed to this plant, contact a poison control center or your doctor right away.

Side effects

Even small amounts can cause unpleasant effects, and larger amounts can be dangerous. Reported effects include severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and watery or bloody diarrhea.

More serious poisoning has been linked to fever, shortness of breath, weakness, changes in heart rhythm, circulation problems, loss of consciousness, and convulsions. These reactions can be life-threatening. If poisoning is suspected, seek emergency medical care immediately.

Wahoo: Reported Adverse Effects

Documented safety reports on Wahoo from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.

Wahoo is considered poisonous. Several hours after ingesting wahoo seeds, people experience severe upset stomach, sometimes with bloody diarrhea, fever, shortness of breath, circulatory problems, signs of collapse, stupor increasing to unconsciousness, alternating with motor restlessness, severe tonic-clonic spasms with locked jaw muscles and coma.

  1. Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

Dosing

There is no established safe or effective dose of wahoo, and we do not recommend using it. It is a poisonous plant, and even traditional preparations could cause harm.

If you ever see a product that contains wahoo, talk with a pharmacist or doctor before using it and read the label carefully. In most cases the safest choice is to avoid it entirely and use a better-studied, safer option instead.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Wahoo & Pregnancy

Likely Unsafe

When used orally.

  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.

Wahoo & Breastfeeding

Likely Unsafe

When used orally.

  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

References & further reading

The 4 references that drive our Wahoo monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
  3. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
  4. Burnham TH, ed. Drug Facts and Comparisons, Updated Monthly. Facts and Comparisons, St. Louis, MO.
Keep reading

This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Brand directory

Brands that make products with Wahoo

3 brands in our database make a supplement containing Wahoo.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Wahoo: Common Questions

Does Wahoo interact with prescription medications?
Yes. We list 133 medications with a known interaction with Wahoo, including 1 rated major. Use the checker above to see how Wahoo interacts with a specific drug.
How are Wahoo interactions rated?
Each interaction is graded major, moderate, or minor based on how clinically significant it is and the strength of the evidence behind it. Major interactions are the most serious and are best avoided, or used only under close professional supervision.
Is it safe to take Wahoo with my medications?
It depends on the specific medication. Some combinations are fine, while others call for monitoring, timing changes, or should be avoided. Check your exact drug above and confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing anything.
Where does this Wahoo interaction information come from?
Our interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database — an evidence-graded reference for vitamins, herbs, and supplements — and is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists, who may add clinical context.
Is Wahoo safe to take?
No, it is generally considered unsafe. Wahoo is a poisonous plant that can cause severe diarrhea, heart and circulation problems, and other serious effects, so most experts recommend avoiding it.
What did people traditionally use Wahoo for?
It was historically used as a strong laxative and a so-called 'liver tonic,' as well as for digestive complaints, fluid retention, and skin problems. None of these uses are supported by reliable modern studies.
Are the berries dangerous?
Yes. The brightly colored fruit and seeds can be poisonous, especially to children, and eating them can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and more serious symptoms. Keep the plant away from children and pets.
Can I take Wahoo while pregnant or breastfeeding?
No. Avoid it during pregnancy and breastfeeding because it is toxic and its safety has not been established.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Keep exploring

Products that contain Wahoo

A rotating sample of real supplements in our database that list Wahoo — open any to see its full ingredients and every drug interaction we check.

Have a question about Wahoo?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist