Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Labrada

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi is a dietary supplement by Labrada with 6 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for muscle recovery and sports performance, gut health and 'leaky gut', recovery from severe illness or injury.Based on those ingredients, 608 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex, L-Glutamine. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 8 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Fermented Branched Chain Amino Acid Complex” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (7 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi is a powder mix with 8 active ingredients. The core are three branched-chain amino acids—leucine, isoleucine, and valine—plus L-glutamine, a fourth amino acid.

You also get minerals: sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Several of these play roles beyond muscle: magnesium supports bone health and normal nerve function; calcium strengthens bones and teeth; potassium and sodium regulate fluid balance and heart rhythm.

The product also contains inactive ingredients like coconut water powder, natural and artificial flavors, sweeteners (sucralose and acesulfame potassium), and various binders and thickeners.

Does it work?

Leans against
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Leans against

The strongest graded evidence we hold for the stated purpose leans against a benefit.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Muscle recovery and athletic performance support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Exercise-induced muscle damage, Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Exercise-induced dehydration, Muscle endurance, Post-workout recovery — and 1 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Glutamine is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Magnesium is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Calcium is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle damage.

Effectiveness data on file covers some but not all of the active ingredients. Glutamine shows promise—it's effective for sickle cell disease and possibly effective for HIV/AIDS-related muscle wasting, recovery after surgery, and critical illness.

Calcium is effective for bone health (osteoporosis) and for treating low calcium levels. Magnesium is effective for constipation and upset stomach and for preventing pre-eclampsia in pregnancy.

We hold no effectiveness ratings for leucine, isoleucine, valine, sodium, or potassium as standalone ingredients for specific uses.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Coconut Water Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Glutamine is generally well tolerated in healthy adults, though kidney or liver disease requires medical oversight. Common side effects include bloating, gas, nausea, diarrhea, and headache, especially at high doses (10–30 grams daily).

Two cases of mania have been reported in people with bipolar disorder taking glutamine. Sodium safety depends on dose—normal dietary amounts are fine, but supplements or very high intake increase blood pressure and heart strain.

Potassium from food is safe; supplements can cause dangerously high blood levels, especially in kidney disease. Calcium, magnesium are generally well tolerated at recommended amounts.

Magnesium may cause diarrhea or gas; very high doses have rarely been linked to bone loss. Pregnancy and lactation: glutamine, potassium, and adequate calcium are likely safe; sodium and magnesium carry some uncertainty—talk with your doctor.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Glutamine Coconut Water Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Calcium, Potassium, Glutamine, Magnesium, Sodium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 530 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you start, check with your pharmacist if you take HIV integrase inhibitors (dolutegravir, elvitegravir), ceftriaxone antibiotics, blood pressure drugs (ACE inhibitors, ARBs, antihypertensives), corticosteroids, lithium, levodopa (Parkinson's), quinolone antibiotics, bisphosphonates, thyroid medication (levothyroxine), or seizure drugs. The electrolytes in this powder—especially calcium, sodium, magnesium, and potassium—can reduce drug levels or cause serious imbalances.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with graded evidence leaning against its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a muscle-support powder with branched-chain amino acids and minerals that work best for people training hard or recovering from illness. If you take any blood pressure medication, seizure drug, HIV integrase inhibitor, heart medication, or thyroid medication, you need to check your specific drugs with the interaction tool before starting—the electrolytes and calcium here can interfere.

Talk to your pharmacist about timing and whether it's right for you.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 24, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi, straight from the product label.

Brand Labrada
Barcode (UPC) 710779100329
Net contents 15.06 oz.; 427 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Nov 24, 2015
DSLD ID 52917
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
14 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
14 Gram(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
710779100329
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories10 {Calories}--
Total Carbohydrates2 Gram(s)1%
L-Glutamine3 Gram(s)--
Sugar1 Gram(s)--
Sodium25 mg1%
Potassium40 mg1%
Calcium22 mg2%
Magnesium4 mg1%
Leucine3.5 Gram(s)--
Isoleucine1.75 Gram(s)--
Valine1.75 Gram(s)--
Fermented Branched Chain Amino Acid Complex7 Gram(s)--
Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex1 Gram(s)--

Other ingredients: Coconut Water, Natural & Artificial flavors, Malic Acid, Coconut Oil Creamer, Maltodextrin, Modified Corn Starch, Red Beet juice concentrate, Citric Acid, Gum Acacia, Acetic Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Seals/Symbols

LEE LABRADA'S QUALITY GUARANTEE "If it's on the label, it's in the bottle!" This product is independent lab assayed for purity.

General Statements

Fermented BCAA Formula

BCAA-StrawKiwi-v1

Made in U.S.A.

BCAA Power contains amino acids made only by a natural fermentation process.

~ Clean, refreshing taste-delicious!

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Formula

7 g BCAAs 3 g Glutamine 1 g Electrolytes

Allergen Information: Contains Soy (Lecithin), Tree Nuts

~ 7 grams of fermented, pure branched chain amino acids providing high levels of leucine to stimulate protein synthesis and insulin for post-workout muscle growth. ~ 3 grams of fermented, pure L-glutamine to help protect muscle tissue from breakdown and improve recovery. ~ Coconut water concentrate to help replace electrolytes lost from sweating and improve hydration.

Precautions

Allergen Information: Contains Soy (Lecithin), Tree Nuts

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Mix 1 scoop in 8 oz of cold water or your favorite beverage, before or after training. On non-training days, take 1 scoop mixed in 8 oz of water or your favorite beverage, any time of day.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Brand IP Statement(s)

2015 LBN, Inc.

Formulation

This means you get maximum purity without the use of any harsh chemical solvents.

~ Vegan friendly

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada

These are the 6 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size14 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Sugar

1 Gram(s) per serving

Fermented Branched Chain Amino Acid Complex

7 Gram(s) per serving
  • › L-Glutamine
  • › Leucine
  • › Isoleucine
  • › Valine

Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex

Interacts with
279 drugs
1 Gram(s) per serving

Coconut water is a natural drink rich in potassium and other electrolytes that many people use for hydration, especially around exercise. For most hea...

Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Coconut Water, Natural & Artificial flavors, Malic Acid, Coconut Oil Creamer, Maltodextrin, Modified Corn Starch, Red Beet juice concentrate, Citric Acid, Gum Acacia, Acetic Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate, Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
608Drugs
13 Major 410 Moderate 185 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex 279
L-Glutamine 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi interact with 608 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 6 ingredients in BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex L-Glutamine

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex3 drug types · 279 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking coconut water with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Preliminary clinical research shows that drinking coconut water might lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Many quinolone antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, may have reduced absorption when taken with calcium-containing products due to chelation. It is generally recommended to take quinolones at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after consuming oral products that contain calcium. The calcium content of coconut water varies by product but is generally between 100mg-300mg per 1,000mL. Consumption of a small amount of coconut water may be safe but it would be prudent to avoid drinking large amounts at the same time as a quinolone antibiotic. Reference: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/019537s086lbl.pdf

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking coconut water with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that coconut water might increase insulin levels and/or decrease blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Coconut Water Electrolyte Complex full monograph & interactions

L-Glutamine1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, glutamine might antagonize the effects of anticonvulsant medications.
Glutamine is metabolized to the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. Glutamate might have antagonistic effects with anticonvulsant drugs. However, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
L-Glutamine full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi, from the product label.

Labrada

See all Labrada products
Name
Labrada Nutrition
Street Address
333 Northpark Central Dr.
City
Houston
State
TX
ZipCode
USA
Phone Number
1.800.832.9948
Web Address
www.labrada.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada: Common Questions

Does BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi by Labrada interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi has a known interaction with 608 medications, including 13 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi contains 6 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What are BCAAs and what do they do?
BCAAs—branched-chain amino acids—are leucine, isoleucine, and valine. They're amino acids your body uses to build and repair muscle, especially during and after exercise. This product also adds glutamine, another amino acid that supports muscle recovery and gut health.
Is this safe to use while I'm pregnant?
Glutamine and potassium are likely safe in pregnancy; calcium is also likely safe at recommended amounts; magnesium is uncertain—some data suggest it's possibly safe, other data possibly unsafe. Sodium safety in pregnancy is mixed. Talk with your doctor or midwife before starting any supplement in pregnancy.
Can I use this if I'm breastfeeding?
Glutamine safety while breastfeeding isn't well established—avoid supplement doses unless your doctor says it's okay. Potassium and calcium from diet are fine; supplements need your doctor's approval. Check with your pediatrician or pharmacist before starting.
Will this cause side effects?
Most people tolerate it well. The most common are bloating, gas, nausea, diarrhea, and headache—usually mild and dose-dependent. High doses of glutamine (10–30 grams daily) raise the risk. Start with a lower amount and increase gradually if you're sensitive.
Does this product have fillers?
Yes, it contains inactive ingredients including coconut water powder, sweeteners, natural and artificial flavors, and binders like modified corn starch and gum acacia. If you have allergies or sensitivities, check the full ingredient list.
Can I take this with my medications?
It depends on what you take. Several of the minerals and amino acids interact with common drugs—blood pressure meds, seizure drugs, HIV medications, thyroid pills, and others. Use the interaction checker on this page with your specific medications, and talk to your pharmacist before starting.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Glutamine

Interacts with 50 drugs

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and is usually made in your muscles. A prescription form is FDA-approved to help reduce sickle cell disease complications, but for most...

Read the full Glutamine monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Coconut Water

Interacts with 279 drugs

Coconut water is a natural drink rich in potassium and other electrolytes that many people use for hydration, especially around exercise. For most healthy people it is a safe, tasty beverage...

Read the full Coconut Water monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Sodium

Interacts with 205 drugs

Sodium is an essential mineral and electrolyte your body needs to balance fluids, support nerves, and help muscles work. Most people in modern diets get more than enough—often too much—from...

Read the full Sodium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Potassium

Interacts with 62 drugs

Potassium is an essential mineral your body needs for nerve signals, muscle function, and a steady heartbeat, and most people get enough from a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. P...

Read the full Potassium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Calcium

Interacts with 168 drugs

Calcium is an essential mineral your body needs for strong bones, nerve signaling, and muscle function, and supplements can help fill gaps when diet falls short. Most people do best getting...

Read the full Calcium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Magnesium

Interacts with 295 drugs

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preventing or correcting deficiency. Some othe...

Read the full Magnesium monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

BCAA Power Strawberry Kiwi's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 210 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Glutamine 11 references
  1. Miller AL. Therapeutic considerations of L-glutamine: a review of the literature. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:239-48..
  2. Bozzetti F, Biganzoli L, Gavazzi C, et al. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a double-blind randomized study. Nutrition 1997;13:748-51.. PubMed
  3. Mebane AH. L-Glutamine and mania. Am J Psychiatry 984;141:1302-3.
  4. Meldrum BS. Glutamate as a neurotransmitter in the brain: review of physiology and pathology. J Nutr 2000;130:1007S-15S.. PubMed
  5. Garlick PJ. Assessment of the safety of glutamine and other amino acids. J Nutr 2001;131:2556S-61S.. PubMed
  6. Chapman AG. Glutamate and epilepsy. J Nutr 2000;130:1043S-5S.. PubMed
  7. Ziegler TR. Glutamine supplementation in cancer patients receiving bone marrow transplantation and high dose chemotherapy. J Nutr 2001;131:2578S-84S.. PubMed
  8. Laviano A, Molfino A, Lacaria MT, Canelli A, De Leo S, Preziosa I, Rossi Fanelli F. Glutamine supplementation favors weight loss in nondieting obese female patients. A pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Nov;68(11):1264-6. PubMed
  9. Endari (l-glutamine) [package insert]. Torrance, CA: Emmaus Medical,Inc; 2017.
  10. Niihara Y, Miller ST, Kanter J, et al. A Phase 3 Trial of l-Glutamine in Sickle Cell Disease. N Engl J Med 2018;379(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715971.
  11. Ogden HB, Child RB, Fallowfield JL, et al. Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Low, Medium and High Dose Acute Oral l-Glutamine Supplementation in Healthy Adults: A Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(10):2953. PubMed

See these in context on the Glutamine monograph →

Sodium 38 references
  1. Garabedian-Ruffalo SM, Ruffalo RL. Drug and nutrient interactions. Am Fam Physician 1986;33:165-74.
  2. Food and Drug Administration Science Background: Safety of Sodium Phosphates Oral Solution. September 17, 2001. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/safety/sodiumphospate.htm
  3. Coton T, Mallaret C, Coilliot C, Carre D, Guisset M. Severe acute ulcerated gastritis induced by salt. Presse Med 2009;38(3):499-500. PubMed
  4. Frings-Meuthen P, Buehlmeier J, Baecker N, et al. High sodium chloride intake exacerbates immobilization-induced bone resorption and protein losses. J Appl Physiol 2011;111(2):537-542. PubMed
  5. Frings-Meuthen P, Baecker N, Heer M. Low-grade metabolic acidosis may be the cause of sodium chloride-induced exaggerated bone resorption. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23(4):517-524. PubMed
  6. Alam S, Johnson AG. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) among healthy normotensive and essential hypertensive elderly patients to determine the effect of high salt (NaCl) diet of blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1999;13(6):367-74.
  7. Boudville N, Ward S, Benaroia M, House AA. Increased sodium intake correlates with greater use of antihypertensive agents by subjects with chronic kidney disease. Am J Hypertens 2005;18(10):1300-5. PubMed
  8. Bennett WM. Drug interactions and consequences of sodium restriction. Am J Clin Nutr 1997;65(2 Suppl):678S-681S. PubMed
  9. Okusa MD, Crystal LJ. Clinical manifestations and management of acute lithium intoxication. Am J Med 1994;97(4):383-9. PubMed
  10. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for water, potassium, sodium, chloride, and sulfate. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2005. Available at: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10925. DOI
  11. D'Elia L, Rossi G, Ippolito R, Cappuccio FP, Strazzullo P. Habitual salt intake and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clin Nutr 2012;31(4):489-98. PubMed
  12. Goldsmith SR. Hyponatremia in heart failure: time for a trial. J Card Fail 2013;19(6):398-400. PubMed
  13. Willocks L, Brettle R, Keen J, Valentine C, Pinching AJ. Formulations of didanosine (ddI) and salt overload. Lancet 1992;339(8786):190.
  14. Chen L, Zhang Z, Chen W, Whelton PK, Appel LJ. Lower Sodium Intake and Risk of Headaches: Results From the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(7):1270-5. PubMed
  15. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk. Circulation. 2014;129(9):981-9. PubMed
  16. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK. Sodium Intake and All-Cause Mortality Over 20 Years in the Trials of Hypertension Prevention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;68(15):1609-1617. PubMed
  17. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016;388(10043):465-75. PubMed
  18. Moosavian SP, Haghighatdoost F, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Salt and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2017;68(3):265-277. PubMed
  19. O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, et al. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014;371(7):612-23. DOI
  20. Poggio R, Gutierrez L, Matta MG, Elorriaga N, Irazola V, Rubinstein A. Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(4):695-704. PubMed
  21. Stallings VA, Harrison M, Oria M; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium, Food and Nutrition Board, Health and Medicine Division, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Washington (DC): National Acad
  22. Mahtani KR, Heneghan C, Onakpoya I, et al. Reduced Salt Intake for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1693-1700. PubMed
  23. Yancy CW. Sodium Restriction in Heart Failure: Too Much Uncertainty-Do the Trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1700-1701. PubMed
  24. He FJ, Campbell NRC, Ma Y, MacGregor GA, Cogswell ME, Cook NR. Errors in estimating usual sodium intake by the Kawasaki formula alter its relationship with mortality: implications for public health. Int J Epidemiol. 2018;47(6):1784-1795. PubMed
  25. Murthy K, Ondrey GJ, Malkani N, et al. THE EFFECTS OF HYPONATREMIA ON BONE DENSITY AND FRACTURES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Endocr Pract. 2019;25(4):366-378. PubMed
  26. Messerli FH, Hofstetter L, Syrogiannouli L, et al. Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality. Eur Heart J 2021;42(21):2103-2112. PubMed
  27. Graudal NA, Hubeck-Graudal T, Jurgens G. Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020;12(12):CD004022. PubMed
  28. Giatti S, Santos RB, Aielo AN, et al. Association of sodium with obstructive sleep apnea. The ELSA-Brasil study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021;18(3):502-510. PubMed
  29. Nan X, Lu H, Wu J, et al. The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021;21(1):135. PubMed
  30. Kyozuka H, Fukusda T, Murata T, et al. Impact of preconception sodium intake on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: The Japan Environment and Children's study. Pregnancy Hypertens 2021;23:66-72. PubMed
  31. Zhao L, Ogden CL, Yang Q, et al. Association of usual sodium intake with obesity among US children and adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021;29(3):587-594. PubMed
  32. Ma Y, He FJ, Sun Q, et al. 24-Hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2022;386(3):252-263. PubMed
  33. Liu J, Yang X, Zhang P, et al. Association of urinary sodium excretion and left ventricular hypertrophy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021;12:728493. PubMed
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See these in context on the Magnesium monograph →

Coconut Water 5 references
  1. Alleyne T, Roache S, Thomas C, Shirley A. The control of hypertension by use of coconut water and mauby: two tropical food drinks. West Indian Med J 2005;54:3-8. PubMed
  2. Birkelund T, Johansen RF, Illum DG, et al. Fatal 3-nitropropionic acid poisoning after consuming coconut water. Emerg Infect Dis 2021;27(1):278-280. PubMed
  3. Alatawi KA, Alshubaily FA. Coconut products alleviate hyperglycaemic, hyperlipidimic and nephropathy indices in streptozotocin-induced diabetic wistar rats. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021;28(8):4224-4231. PubMed
  4. Dai Y, Peng L, Zhang X, et al. Effects of coconut water on blood sugar and retina of rats with diabetes. PeerJ. 2021;9:e10667. PubMed
  5. Soriano LP, Rollins MD, Barreto Chang OL. Case Report of Hyponatremic Seizures in a Term Neonate Attributed to Excessive Maternal Coconut Water Ingestion During Labor. A A Pract 2024;18(7):e01815. PubMed

See these in context on the Coconut Water monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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