Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 6 of 9 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Sorenzyme Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Labrada Nutrition

Sorenzyme label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Sorenzyme against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Sorenzyme is a dietary supplement by Labrada Nutrition with 9 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive support for protein digestion, wound cleaning (debridement of dead tissue), sore throat and inflammation.Based on those ingredients, 141 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Bromelain, Papain. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 9 of its 9 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Sorenzyme contains 9 active ingredients: digestive enzymes (amylase, papain, bromelain, protease, lipase, and chymotrypsin) that break down different types of food in your stomach and intestines, plus lysozyme chloride (an antimicrobial compound), and two plant-derived compounds called beta-sitosterol and beta-sitosterol glucoside. These work together as a digestive aid.

The capsule also contains inactive ingredients — hypromellose, rice flour, silica, and magnesium stearate — which are common excipients that help form and stabilize the capsule.

Does it work?

Insufficient evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Insufficient

There isn't enough reliable clinical evidence to rate this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: muscle and joint soreness recovery from exercise.
  • We looked for evidence on: Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Sprains, Postoperative pain, Postoperative swelling, Wound healing, Tendinopathy — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Papain is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle soreness (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Papain is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Wound healing.
  • Also on file: Bromelain is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Exercise-induced muscle soreness, Osteoarthritis, Knee pain, Wound healing, and more.

The evidence for most of these ingredients is not well established in the data we hold. Chymotrypsin is rated as effective for cataracts, but effectiveness data for the digestive enzymes in this product (papain, bromelain, protease, lipase) across their various studied uses — from exercise muscle soreness to intestinal parasites — is insufficient to make a reliable call.

Beta-sitosterol and beta-sitosterol glucoside show stronger evidence: they're likely effective for benign prostate enlargement and possibly effective for high cholesterol and heart disease. Whether Sorenzyme as a whole works as a digestive aid depends on which condition you're targeting — and we'd recommend talking with your pharmacist about your specific goal.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Papain Bromelain Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Lipase Chymotrypsin Beta-sitosterol

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Most of these ingredients are generally well tolerated when used short-term at normal doses. Papain may irritate the digestive tract and can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive people — symptoms include itchy watery eyes, runny nose, sneezing, abdominal cramps, sweating, and diarrhea.

Bromelain's most common side effects are diarrhea, gas, stomach upset, and headache. Chymotrypsin is generally tolerated but rarely has caused serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis (a life-threatening reaction).

Beta-sitosterol may cause constipation, diarrhea, gas, indigestion, or nausea, and there's a single case report of acute pancreatitis associated with it. For pregnancy: the safety data advises against concentrated papain and unripe papaya products in pregnancy, and against bromelain, chymotrypsin, beta-sitosterol, and beta-sitosterol glucoside because there isn't enough safety information.

For breastfeeding, there isn't enough data to know either way for any of these ingredients — talk with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Papain Bromelain Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Lipase Chymotrypsin Beta-sitosterol

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Papain, Bromelain.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 141 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

If you take blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban, or dabigatran, or antiplatelet drugs like aspirin, clopidogrel, or ticagrelor, check with your pharmacist before using Sorenzyme — the bromelain and papain may increase bleeding risk. If you're on tetracycline antibiotics, bromelain might affect how your body absorbs them.

Run your exact medications through the search tool on this page before you start.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with insufficient evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Sorenzyme is a multi-enzyme digestive aid that's generally well tolerated short-term, but it does interact with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs — particularly warfarin. If you take any blood-thinning medication, don't start this without checking with your pharmacist or doctor first.

It's not recommended in pregnancy or while breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data. Talk to your pharmacist about whether this product fits your needs.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 7 of 9 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jul 25, 2016.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Sorenzyme, straight from the product label.

Brand Labrada Nutrition
Barcode (UPC) 710779333468
Net contents 120 Vcap(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jul 25, 2016
DSLD ID 62779
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
710779333468
IngredientAmount% DV
Amylase14 mg--
Papain74 mg--
Bromelain25 mg--
Protease480 mg--
Lipase14 mg--
Chymotrypsin3 mg--
Lysozyme Chloride14 mg--
Beta-Sitosterol14 mg--
Beta-Sitosterol Glucoside630 mcg--

Other ingredients: Hypromellose, Rice Flour, Silica, Magnesium Stearate

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Precautions

WARNING: The ingredients in SORENZYME are 100% natural and non-toxic; however because many of the enzymes in this formula have an anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulating effect, people taking any type of blood thinning medications, aspirin, and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should seek medical advice from their physician before using.

WARNING: The ingredients in SORENZYME are 100% natural and non-toxic; however because many of the enzymes in this formula have an anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulating effect, people taking any type of blood thinning medications, aspirin, and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should seek medical advice from their physician before using.

All users are advised to consult their physician before starting any dietary supplement and/or exercise program.

Pregnant or lactating women should not use this product.

Keep out of reach of children.

Protect from heat, light and moisture.

General Statements

Soreness Recovery Enzymes

Helps Muscle and Joint Soreness from Exercise

Supports Immune System Function

Helps Muscle and Joint soreness from exercise. Unique anti-catabolic formulation protects against post-exercise cortisol elevation. Cortisol is a stress hormone that eats away at muscle and promotes body fat.

Miller et al, The effects of protease supplementation on skeletal muscle function and D.O.M.S following downhill running Journal of Sports Sciences 22 365-372 2004

HUT-Hemoglobin Unit Tyrosine USP-United States Pharmacopeia GDU-Gelatin Digesting Units U-Equivalent to 1,000 USP Units SKB-Sandstedt, Kneen, & Blish method FIP-Federation Internationale Pharmaceutique

600 mg/120 VCaps

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Note: SORENZYME is NOT a digestive enzyme blend. SORENZYME contains unique enzymes in scientifically-based concentrations that have been shown to work on a systematic (whole body) level, to help reduce muscle and joint soreness from exercise.

2014 LBN, Inc.

Storage

Store at 15-30(0)C or 59-86 (0)F

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended use: Take four capsules once daily on an empty stomach or as recommended by your health care professional.

Elite level athletes: Take four capsules, twice daily on an empty stomach.

Seals/Symbols

MADE IN USA

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Sorenzyme label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition

These are the 9 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Amylase

14 mg per serving

Papain

Interacts with
2 drugs
74 mg per serving

Papain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food an...

Papain monograph & interactions

Bromelain

Interacts with
141 drugs
25 mg per serving

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early st...

Bromelain monograph & interactions

Protease

No known
interactions
480 mg per serving

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), tr...

Protease monograph & interactions

Lipase

No known
interactions
14 mg per serving

Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy fo...

Lipase monograph & interactions

Chymotrypsin

No known
interactions
3 mg per serving

Chymotrypsin is a protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzyme, usually taken from the pancreas of cattle or pigs, that is mainly used to help reduce swelli...

Chymotrypsin monograph & interactions

Lysozyme Chloride

14 mg per serving

Beta-Sitosterol

No known
interactions
14 mg per serving

Beta-sitosterol is a plant sterol that may modestly lower LDL ('bad') cholesterol and may help ease urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate. Eviden...

Beta-Sitosterol monograph & interactions

Beta-Sitosterol Glucoside

No known
interactions
630 mcg per serving

Beta-sitosterol is a plant sterol that may modestly lower LDL ('bad') cholesterol and may help ease urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate. Eviden...

Beta-Sitosterol Glucoside monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Hypromellose, Rice Flour, Silica, Magnesium Stearate. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Sorenzyme?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
141Drugs
122 Moderate 19 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Bromelain 141
Papain 2

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Sorenzyme interact with 141 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 9 ingredients in Sorenzyme interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Bromelain Papain

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Sorenzyme with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Bromelain2 drug types · 141 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Bromelain may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There is one case report of a patient experiencing minor bruising while taking bromelain with naproxen. Bromelain is thought to have antiplatelet activity. Whether this interaction is of concern with topical bromelain is unclear. Interference with coagulation of burn wounds has been reported in a patient receiving bromelain-based enzymatic debridement. However, observational research has found that topical bromelain debridement is not associated with increases or decreases in laboratory markers of coagulation when compared with surgical debridement.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, bromelain might increase levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Laboratory research suggests that bromelain might increase the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics. However, a study in healthy adults reported no difference in tetracycline plasma levels when a 500 mg dose was taken with or without bromelain 80 mg.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Bromelain full monograph & interactions

Papain1 drug type · 2 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, papain might increase the effects and side effects of warfarin.
In one case report, a patient previously stable on warfarin was found to have an international normalization ratio (INR) of 7.4, which was attributed to ingestion of a supplement containing papain from papaya extract.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Papain full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Sorenzyme, from the product label.

Labrada Nutrition

See all Labrada Nutrition products
Name
Labrada Nutrition
Street Address
333 Northpark Central Dr.
City
Houston
State
TX
ZipCode
77073
Phone Number
(800) 832-9948
Web Address
www.labradawellness.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition: Common Questions

Does Sorenzyme by Labrada Nutrition interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Sorenzyme has a known interaction with 141 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Sorenzyme contains 9 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
What are these enzymes supposed to do?
The enzymes in Sorenzyme — amylase, papain, bromelain, protease, lipase, and chymotrypsin — break down different types of food (carbs, proteins, fats) so your digestive system can absorb them. It's meant to work as a digestive aid.
Will Sorenzyme help with my muscle soreness after exercise?
The evidence for papain and bromelain in exercise-related muscle soreness is insufficient — we don't have reliable data to say whether they work for that. Talk with your pharmacist about whether this product makes sense for your situation.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant?
The safety data advises against several of the ingredients during pregnancy — papain (especially concentrated forms), bromelain, chymotrypsin, and the beta-sitosterols — because there isn't enough safety information. Talk with your doctor before starting.
What side effects might I notice?
Most common are digestive: diarrhea, gas, stomach upset, nausea, and constipation. Some people also get headaches. Allergic reactions like itchy eyes, sneezing, or abdominal cramps can happen in people sensitive to papain or bromelain. Serious allergic reactions to chymotrypsin are very rare but have been reported.
Is this safe to take long-term?
The safety data is mainly for short-term use. If you're thinking about taking Sorenzyme regularly over weeks or months, check with your pharmacist or doctor first — we don't have strong evidence on long-term safety.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Sorenzyme is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Sorenzyme label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Sorenzyme’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Papain

Interacts with 2 drugs

Papain is a protein-digesting enzyme from the papaya plant that is used in digestive supplements and some topical products. While it has clear food and laboratory uses, strong human evidence...

Read the full Papain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bromelain

Interacts with 141 drugs

Bromelain is a group of protein-digesting enzymes from pineapple that people take mainly for inflammation, swelling, and sinus problems. Some early studies are promising, but the overall evi...

Read the full Bromelain monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases)

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...

Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lipase

Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy for people who cannot make enough of their...

Read the full Lipase monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chymotrypsin

Chymotrypsin is a protein-digesting (proteolytic) enzyme, usually taken from the pancreas of cattle or pigs, that is mainly used to help reduce swelling and support healing after injury or s...

Read the full Chymotrypsin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Beta-sitosterol

Beta-sitosterol is a plant sterol that may modestly lower LDL ('bad') cholesterol and may help ease urinary symptoms from an enlarged prostate. Evidence is moderate for these uses and weaker...

Read the full Beta-sitosterol monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Sorenzyme's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 47 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Papain 11 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Shaw D, Leon C, Kolev S, Murray V. Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991-1995). Drug Saf 1997;17:342-56.
  3. Shuttleworth D, Hill S, Marks R, Connelly DM. Relief of experimentally induced pruritus with a novel eutectic mixture of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Dermatol 1988;119:535-40.
  4. Mansfield LE, Ting S, Haverly RW, Yoo TJ. The incidence and clinical implications of hypersensitivity to papain in an allergic population, confirmed by blinded oral challenge. Ann Allergy 1985;55:541-3.
  5. Martin, T., Uhder, K., Kurek, R., Roeddiger, S., Schneider, L., Vogt, H. G., Heyd, R., and Zamboglou, N. Does prophylactic treatment with proteolytic enzymes reduce acute toxicity of adjuvant pelvic irradiation? Results of a double-blind randomized trial PubMed
  6. Walker-Renard, P. Update on the medicinal management of phytobezoars. Am J Gastroenterol. 1993;88(10):1663-1666.
  7. Tymoszuk D, Wiszniewska M, Walusiak-Skorupa J. Papain-induced occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma - A case report. Med Pr 2016;67(1):109-12. PubMed
  8. Soto-Mera MT, López-Rico MR, Filgueira JF, et al. Occupational allergy to papain. Allergy 2000;55(10):983-4. PubMed
  9. Tarlo SM, Shaikh W, Bell B, et al. Papain-induced allergic reactions. Clin Allergy 1978;8(3):207-15. PubMed
  10. Baur X, König G, Bencze K, Fruhmann G. Clinical symptoms and results of skin test, RAST and bronchial provocation test in thirty-three papain workers: Evidence for strong immunogenic potency and clinically relevant proteolytic e?ects of airborne papain. C
  11. Novey HS, Keenan WJ, Fairshter RD, Wells ID, Wilson AF, Culver BD. Pulmonary disease in workers exposed to papain: clinico-physiological and immunological studies. Clin Allergy 1980;10(6):721-31. PubMed

See these in context on the Papain monograph →

Bromelain 19 references
  1. Nettis E, Napoli G, Ferrannini A, Tursi A. IgE-mediated allergy to bromelain. Allergy 2001;56:257-8. PubMed
  2. Taussig SJ, Batkin S. Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 1988;22:191-203.. PubMed
  3. Bradbrook ID, Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ. The effect of bromelain on the absorption of orally administered tetracycline. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978;6:552-4. PubMed
  4. Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al. Adverse interactions between herbal and dietary substances and prescription medications: a clinical survey. Altern Ther Health Med 2007;13:30-5.
  5. Brien S, Lewith G, Walker AF, et al. Bromelain as an adjunctive treatment for moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. QJM 2006;99:841-50. PubMed
  6. Mori S, Ojima Y, Hirose T, et al. The clinical effect of proteolytic enzyme containing bromelain and trypsin on urinary tract infection evaluated by double blind method. Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 1972;19:147-53.
  7. Glaser D, Hilberg T. The influence of bromelain on platelet count and platelet activity in vitro. Platelets 2006;17:37-41. PubMed
  8. Heinicke R M, van der Wal L, Yokoyama M. Effect of bromelain (Ananase) on human platelet aggregation. Experientia 1972;28:844-5. PubMed
  9. Gailhofer, G., Wilders-Truschnig, M., Smolle, J., and Ludvan, M. Asthma caused by bromelain: an occupational allergy. Clin Allergy 1988;18(5):445-450. PubMed
  10. Mattei, O., Fabri, G., and Farina, G. [Occupational health experience regarding four cases of asthma due to bromelain (author's transl)]. Medicina del Lavoro 1979;70(5):404-409.
  11. Galleguillos, F. and Rodriguez, J. C. Asthma caused by bromelin inhalation. Clin Allergy 1978;8(1):21-24. PubMed
  12. Perez-Camo I, Quirce S, Duran MA, and et al. Latex allergy: evidence of cross-reactivity with papain and bromelain [abstract]. Allergy 1996;51(suppl 31):48.
  13. Martin GJ, Ehrenreich J, and Asbell N. Bromelain: pineapple proteases with anti-edema activity. Exp Med Surg 1962;20:227-247.
  14. Kasemsuk T, Saengpetch N, Sibmooh N, Unchern S. Improved WOMAC score following 16-week treatment with bromelain for knee osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Oct;35(10):2531-40. PubMed
  15. Kutlu Ö, DemirbaS A, Elmas ÖF, Güvenç U, Metin A. Fixed drug eruption: a new side effect of bromelain. Contact Dermatitis 2020. Online ahead of print. PubMed
  16. Shoham Y, Shapira E, Haik J, et al. Bromelain-based enzymatic debridement of chronic wounds: Results of a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2021;29(6):899-907. PubMed
  17. Pfister P, Garcia Wendel PD, Kim BS, et al. Coagulation side effects of enzymatic debridement in burned patients. Burns 2022. PubMed
  18. Hasham S, Riyat H, Fletcher A, O'Boyle CP, Alexander S. To bleed or not to bleed? Case series and discussion of haemorrhage risk with enzymatic debridement in burn injuries. Scars Burn Heal 2023;9:20595131231168333. PubMed
  19. Leelakanok N, Petchsomrit A, Janurai T, Saechan C, Sunsandee N. Efficacy and safety of bromelain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Health 2023. PubMed

See these in context on the Bromelain monograph →

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
  1. Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
  2. Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
  3. Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →

Lipase 1 reference
  1. Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed

See these in context on the Lipase monograph →

Chymotrypsin 6 references
  1. Martindale W. Martindale the Extra Pharmacopoeia. Pharmaceutical Press, 1999.
  2. Dukes, MNG. Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs. 13th ed. Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1997.
  3. Latha B, Ramakrishnan M, Jayaraman V, Babu M. Serum enzymatic changes modulated using trypsin: chymotrypsin preparation during burn wounds in humans. Burns 1997;23:560-4. PubMed
  4. Shaw PC. The use of a trypsin-chymotrypsin formulation in fractures of the hand. Br J Clin Pract 1969;23:25-6. DOI
  5. McCue FC, Webster TM, Gieck J. Clinical effects of proteolytic enzymes after reconstructive hand surgery. Int Surg 1972;57:479-82.
  6. Sun HJ, Xiao JQ, Qiao QH, et al. Chymotrypsin with sialendoscopy-assisted surgery for the treatment of chronic obstructive parotitis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017;46(7):877-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.1267. PubMed

See these in context on the Chymotrypsin monograph →

Beta-sitosterol 7 references
  1. Berges RR, Windeler J, Trampisch HJ, et al. Randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of beta-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Beta-sitosterol Study Group. Lancet 1995;345:1529-32.
  2. Klippel KF, Hiltl DM, Schipp B. A multicentric, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of beta-sitosterol (phytosterol) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 1997;80:427-32.
  3. Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Ishani A. beta-sitosterol for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review. BJU Int 1999;83:976-83. PubMed
  4. Oster P, Schlierf G, Heuck CC, et al. [Sitosterol in familial hyperlipoproteinemia type II. A randomized, double-blind, cross-over study]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1976;101:1308-11.
  5. Becker M, Staab D, Von Bergman K. Long-term treatment of severe familial hypercholesterolemia in children: effect of sitosterol and bezafibrate. Pediatrics 1992;89:138-42. DOI
  6. Prager N, Bickett K, French N, Marcovici G. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of botanically derived inhibitors of 5-alpha-reductase in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. J Altern Complement Med 2002
  7. Lorenze A, Hsueh W, Nasr J. Beta-sitosterol-induced acute pancreatitis: A case report and review of the literature. Cureus. 2020;12(3):e7407. PubMed

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