Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Bio Chlorella Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Triquetra

Bio Chlorella label
See full label image
Powder Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Bio Chlorella against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Bio Chlorella is a dietary supplement by Triquetra with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for treating or preventing b12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, low energy and fatigue.Based on those ingredients, 357 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are certified organic Chlorella, Vitamin B12. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Bio Chlorella by Triquetra

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Bio Chlorella by Triquetra — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Bio Chlorella by Triquetra

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 6 active ingredients.
  • “Carotenoids” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (12 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “certified organic Chlorella” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (3 Gram(s)) without saying how much of each component you get.

Bio Chlorella Powder contains six active ingredients. Vitamin B12 supports energy and nerve health.

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants; the product also includes a chlorella extract form called Chlorella Growth Factor. Lutein is a natural compound that concentrates in your eyes.

You'll also find fat and alpha-linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid) as actives. The main source is certified organic chlorella algae, which is the nutrient-dense base of the powder.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: cellular health, detoxification and immune support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Halitosis, Colostomy odor, liver health, kidney function, antioxidant support.
  • The closest evidence on file: Chlorophyll is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Colostomy odor (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Chlorophyll is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Halitosis.
  • Also on file: Chlorella is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Halitosis.

The evidence for this product's active ingredients is mixed. Vitamin B12 is effective for B12 deficiency and possibly effective for canker sores and nerve pain.

Lutein is possibly effective for age-related macular degeneration (trouble seeing as you age) and cataracts. Chlorophyll, chlorella, and alpha-linolenic acid don't have established effectiveness in our data — the evidence just isn't strong enough to say whether they work for the conditions they're claimed to address.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B12 Chlorella Chlorophyll

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin B12 is generally very safe and is needed during pregnancy and breastfeeding at normal doses — talk with your provider about what's right for you. Lutein from food and typical supplement doses is generally safe, though safety of higher supplement doses hasn't been well studied.

Chlorophyll should be avoided in pregnancy (not enough safety data), and breastfeeding safety is unknown, so check with your doctor. Chlorella is also not well studied in pregnancy and breastfeeding — the data advises caution or avoidance unless your doctor approves.

Most common side effects with chlorella include diarrhea, abdominal cramping, nausea, and gas, especially in the first two weeks. Both chlorophyll and chlorella can cause photosensitivity (an unusual sun sensitivity), and rarely, allergic reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B12 Chlorella Chlorophyll

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Chlorophyll, Chlorella, Vitamin B12.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 357 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take this, search your medications for warfarin (blood thinner) — chlorella can reduce how well it works and raise your clot risk. Also check for photosensitizing drugs (certain antibiotics, some cancer medications, some anti-inflammatory drugs) — chlorophyll and chlorella may increase sun sensitivity reactions.

Methotrexate users should check, too — chlorophyll may slow its clearance. If you take metformin for diabetes, you're on the list as well, though the interaction is minor.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you take warfarin, methotrexate, photosensitizing drugs, or metformin, check your exact medications with our search tool before starting. Pregnant or breastfeeding?

Talk with your doctor first — the safety data for chlorophyll and chlorella isn't clear enough. Otherwise, this product is generally well tolerated short-term, though digestive upset and sun sensitivity are possible.

Run through your full medication list with your pharmacist.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 6 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 24, 2022.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Bio Chlorella, straight from the product label.

Brand Triquetra
Barcode (UPC) 854552007396
Net contents 225 Gram(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Oct 24, 2022
DSLD ID 276297
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Powder
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Organic
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Bio Chlorella by Triquetra, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Gram(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Gram(s)
Servings per container
75
UPC/BARCODE
854552007396
IngredientAmount% DV
Calories12 Calorie(s)--
Vitamin B1212.63 mcg526%
Chlorophyll45 mg--
Protein1.5 Gram(s)3%
Lutein7 mg--
Fat0.5 Gram(s)--
Alpha-Linolenic Acid120 mg--
Carotenoids12 mg--
certified organic Chlorella3 Gram(s)--
Chlorella Growth Factor447 mg--

Other ingredients: organic Chlorella Algae

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: Take 1 scoop (3g) with or between meals. Enjoyed mixed in juice, smoothies or sprinkled on food.

Formula

Promotes cellular health, detox & immunity BioChlorella starts at the source of overall health - the cells. It kick starts a comprehensive regeneration of cellular health, communication, and function through the unique properties of CGF (Chlorella Growth Factor) and dense nutritional content. The naturally-occurring phytonutrients promote detoxification of many harmful toxins and heavy metals that accelerate the deterioration of vital metabolic functions. The vast complex of nutrients within Chlorella are also shown to raise the immune system.

BioChlorella also provides a plant-based and bioavailable form of Vitamin B12.

Organic chlorella powder

Bioactive B12 +400 mg chlorella growth factor

Formulation

Purity & quality standards BioChlorella is delivered in raw and broken cell wall form and is USDA Certified Organic. BioChlorella is cultivated in an environmentally pristine region of South India with plentiful sunlight, 100% purified-water, plant-based fertilizers, and meets the world's most rigid organic and vegan standards. Upon harvest, the chlorella is dried at low temperatures to preserve its natural nutrient levels and maximum CGF levels. In the final proprietary stage its cell walls are cracked-open using a conscientious process that ensures the highest levels of bioavailability and efficacy. All products are scientifically-based and botanically derived for purity and strength.

Non-irradiated Solvent free Additive free

Optimal purity

Nutrient dense micro-algae for detox & cellular health Raw form Sun grown

Vegan

RAW

Non GMO

Certified Organic by Oregon Tilth

Country of Origin: India

BioChlorella is delivered in raw and broken cell wall form and is USDA Certified Organic.

BioChlorella is cultivated in an environmentally pristine region of South India with plentiful sunlight, 100% purified-water, plant-based fertilizers, and meets the world's most rigid organic and vegan standards.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

USDA Organic

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Storage

Storage: Store in a cool, dark, and dry place.

Precautions

Warning: If you have a medical condition or are taking medication, contact a physician before taking this supplement.

Keep out of reach of children.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Bio Chlorella by Triquetra label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Bio Chlorella label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Bio Chlorella by Triquetra

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Gram(s) Dosage formPowder Servings per container75 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin B12

Interacts with
20 drugs
12.63 mcg per serving

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very h...

Vitamin B12 monograph & interactions

Protein

1.5 Gram(s) per serving

Fat

0.5 Gram(s) per serving

Certified organic Chlorella

Interacts with
337 drugs
3 Gram(s) per serving

Chlorella is a nutrient-rich freshwater green algae taken as a supplement for general wellness, immune support, and 'detox.' Some small studies sugges...

Certified organic Chlorella monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Organic Chlorella Algae. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Bio Chlorella by Triquetra Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Bio Chlorella?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
357Drugs
339 Moderate 18 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

certified organic Chlorella 337
Vitamin B12 20

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Bio Chlorella interact with 357 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 4 ingredients in Bio Chlorella interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. certified organic Chlorella Vitamin B12

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Bio Chlorella with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

certified organic Chlorella2 drug types · 337 drugs

Photosensitizing Drugs

Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Chlorella has been reported to cause photosensitization. In five case reports, patients who had ingested chlorella exhibited swelling followed by erythematopurpuric lesions on sun-exposed areas of the body. Theoretically, concomitant use with photosensitizing drugs may exacerbate effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, chlorella might reduce the clinical effects of warfarin.
Chlorella contains significant amounts of vitamin K. There is at least one case report of warfarin therapy becoming sub-therapeutic after initiation of chlorella supplements.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
certified organic Chlorella full monograph & interactions

Vitamin B121 drug type · 20 drugs

Metformin (Glucophage)

Metformin, a common medication used to manage type 2 diabetes, has been associated with lower vitamin B12 levels in some individuals. Prolonged use of metformin can interfere with the absorption of B12 in the digestive system, potentially leading to a deficiency in this essential vitamin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Vitamin B12 full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Bio Chlorella, from the product label.

Triquetra

See all Triquetra products
Name
Triquetra Health LLC
City
Lithia
State
FL
ZipCode
33547
Web Address
Triquetra.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Bio Chlorella by Triquetra: Common Questions

Does Bio Chlorella by Triquetra interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Bio Chlorella has a known interaction with 357 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Bio Chlorella contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this hurt my warfarin?
Chlorella in this product is high in vitamin K, which can reduce how well warfarin works and potentially increase your clot risk. Do not take this product without talking to your doctor or pharmacist first if you're on warfarin.
Is it safe to take while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Vitamin B12 in this product is safe at normal recommended doses during pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, chlorophyll isn't recommended in pregnancy (not enough safety data), and safety during breastfeeding is unknown. Chlorella is also not well studied in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor before starting.
Does it actually work?
Vitamin B12 is proven effective for B12 deficiency and possibly effective for canker sores and nerve pain. Lutein is possibly effective for age-related macular degeneration and cataracts. The evidence for chlorophyll, chlorella, and alpha-linolenic acid isn't established in our data.
What side effects might I get?
The most common ones are diarrhea, abdominal cramping, nausea, and gas, especially in your first two weeks. Both chlorophyll and chlorella can also cause an unusual sun sensitivity — protect your skin or ask about carotenoids like beta-carotene, which may help prevent that. Rarely, allergic reactions including severe ones have been reported.
Does this have any fillers or additives?
The product contains one inactive ingredient: organic chlorella algae. Otherwise, it's the six active ingredients listed.
What is chlorella and why is it in here?
Chlorella is a nutrient-dense freshwater algae. It's the main ingredient in this powder and provides the chlorella itself plus a compound called Chlorella Growth Factor, both of which the product claims to support general wellness — though the evidence isn't established for most conditions.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Bio Chlorella is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Bio Chlorella label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Bio Chlorella’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B12

Interacts with 20 drugs

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential nutrient your body needs to make red blood cells, keep nerves healthy, and support DNA. Supplements are very helpful for people who are deficient — su...

Read the full Vitamin B12 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chlorella

Interacts with 337 drugs

Chlorella is a nutrient-rich freshwater green algae taken as a supplement for general wellness, immune support, and 'detox.' Some small studies suggest possible benefits for cholesterol, blo...

Read the full Chlorella monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chlorophyll

Interacts with 337 drugs

Chlorophyll is the green pigment found in plants and algae, and supplements often use a stable form called chlorophyllin. It is most studied for reducing body and fecal odor and as a topical...

Read the full Chlorophyll monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Bio Chlorella's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 50 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin B12 30 references
  1. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  2. Hartman TJ, Woodson K, Stolzenberg-Solomon R, et al. Association of the B-vitamins pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (B6), B12, and folate with lung cancer risk in older men. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:688-94.. DOI
  3. Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
  4. Lange H, Suryapranata H, De Luca G, et al. Folate therapy and in-stent restenosis after coronary stenting. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2673-81. PubMed
  5. Collin, S. M., Metcalfe, C., Refsum, H., Lewis, S. J., Zuccolo, L., Smith, G. D., Chen, L., Harris, R., Davis, M., Marsden, G., Johnston, C., Lane, J. A., Ebbing, M., Bonaa, K. H., Nygard, O., Ueland, P. M., Grau, M. V., Baron, J. A., Donovan, J. L., Nea
  6. Geissbuhler, P., Mermillod, B., and Rapin, C. H. Elevated serum vitamin B12 levels associated with CRP as a predictive factor of mortality in palliative care cancer patients: a prospective study over five years. J.Pain Symptom.Manage. 2000;20(2):93-103. PubMed
  7. Salles, N., Herrmann, F., Sakbani, K., Rapin, C. H., and Sieber, C. High vitamin B12 level: a strong predictor of mortality in elderly inpatients. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2005;53(5):917-918.
  8. Looker, H. C., Fagot-Campagna, A., Gunter, E. W., Pfeiffer, C. M., Sievers, M. L., Bennett, P. H., Nelson, R. G., Hanson, R. L., and Knowler, W. C. Homocysteine and vitamin B(12) concentrations and mortality rates in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res R
  9. Uhl, W., Nolting, A., Golor, G., Rost, K. L., and Kovar, A. Safety of hydroxocobalamin in healthy volunteers in a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2006;44 Suppl 1:17-28. PubMed
  10. Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Barriot, P., Imbert, M., and Bismuth, C. Prospective study of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning in smoke inhalation. Ann Emerg.Med 2007;49(6):794-801, 801. PubMed
  11. Borron, S. W., Baud, F. J., Megarbane, B., and Bismuth, C. Hydroxocobalamin for severe acute cyanide poisoning by ingestion or inhalation. Am J Emerg.Med 2007;25(5):551-558. PubMed
  12. Lewis, J. G. Gout, Steatorrhoea, and Megaloblastic Anaemia. Ann Rheum.Dis 1962;21(3):284-286. PubMed
  13. Tal, S., Shavit, Y., Stern, F., and Malnick, S. Association between vitamin B12 levels and mortality in hospitalized older adults. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(3):523-526. PubMed
  14. Baztan, J. J., Gavidia, J. J., Gomez-Pavon, J., Esteve, A., and Ruiperez, I. High vitamin B12 levels and in-hospital mortality. J Am Geriatr.Soc 2010;58(11):2237-2238. PubMed
  15. Omboni, E., Checchini, M., and Longoni, F. [Hypopotassemia and megaloblastic anemia. Presentation of a case]. Minerva Med 8-31-1987;78(16):1255-1257.
  16. Aalfs As, Scholvinck LH, Horvath B. Acneiform eruption in a 5-year old due to vitamin B12 supplementation. Eur J Dermatol 2013;23(5):726-7. PubMed
  17. Balta I, Ozuguz P. Vitamin B12-induced acneiform eruption. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2014;33(2):94-5. PubMed
  18. Carman KB, Belgemen T, Yis U. Involuntary movements misdiagnosed as seizure during vitamin B12 treatment. Pediatr Emerg Care 2013;29(11):1223-4. PubMed
  19. Djuric V, Bogic M, Popadic AP, et al. Anaphylactic reaction to hydroxycobalamin with tolerance to cyanocobalamin. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2012;108(3):207-8. PubMed
  20. Kartel O, Gulec M, Demirel F, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy and successful desensitization with cyanocobalamin: A case report. Allergol Immunopath (Madr) 2012;40(5):324-5.
  21. Patiroglu T, Unal E, Yildirim S. Infantile tremor syndrome associated with cobalamin therapy: A case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013;115(9):1903-5. PubMed
  22. Schulte S, Barkema LW, Kardaun SH. Long-lasting atypical acneiform eruption with prominent comedones induced by hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B12). J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2014;12(6):502-3.
  23. Zanus C, Alberini E, Costa P, et al. Involuntary movements after correction of vitamin B12 deficiency: A video-case report. Epileptic Disord 2012;14(2):174-80. PubMed
  24. Fanidi A, Carreras-Torres R, Larose TL, et al. Is high vitamin B12 status a cause of lung cancer? Int J Cancer. 2019 Sep 15;145(6):1499-1503. PubMed
  25. Fujita Y, Mizukami T, Maya Y, et al. Vitamin B12 allergy manifesting as lymphomatoid contact dermatitis. Eur J Dermatol. 2020;30(3):304-305. PubMed
  26. Dépret F, Hoffmann C, Daoud L, et al. Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study. Crit Care. 2019;23(1):421. PubMed
  27. Khairan P, Sobue T, Eshak ES, et al. Association of dietary intakes of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, folate, and methionine with the risk of esophageal cancer: the Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) prospective study. BMC Cancer 2021;21(1):982. PubMed
  28. Evans J, Pandya A, Ding Y, Qunibi WY. Hydroxocobalamin-Induced Oxalate Nephropathy in a Patient With Smoke Inhalation. Kidney Int Rep 2021;6(8):2228-2231. PubMed
  29. Lacombe V, Chabrun F, Lacout C, et al. Persistent elevation of plasma vitamin B12 is strongly associated with solid cancer. Sci Rep 2021;11(1):13361. PubMed
  30. Pegalajar-García MD, Cebolla-Verdugo M, Prados-Carmona Á, Llamas-Segura C, Navarro-Triviño FJ. Systemic allergic dermatitis to cobalt present in cyanocobalamin supplementation. Contact Dermatitis 2023;89(3):203-205. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin B12 monograph →

Chlorophyll 5 references
  1. Mathews-Roth MM. Carotenoids in erythropoietic protoporphyria and other photosensitivity diseases. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1993; 691:127-38. PubMed
  2. Belen'kii, G. B. and Krikun, B. L. [Treatment of herpes simplex and herpes zoster by chlorophyll preparations]. Sov.Med. 1971;34(1):151-152.
  3. Brooks SL, Sanders J, Seymour JF, Mellor JD. A case of delayed methotrexate clearance following administration of a complementary medication containing chlorophyll. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2014 Jun;20(3):225-8. PubMed
  4. Rossi E, Borchard K, Cole JM. Pseudoporphyria following self-medication with chlorophyll. Australas J Dermatol. 2015 Feb;56(1):47-8. PubMed
  5. Zhao CY, Frew JW, Muhaidat J, et al. Chlorophyll-induced pseudoporphyria with ongoing photosensitivity after cessation - a case series of four patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016;30(7):1239-42. PubMed

See these in context on the Chlorophyll monograph →

Lutein 2 references
  1. Brown L, Rimm EB, Seddon JM, et al. A prospective study of carotenoid intake and risk of cataract extraction in US men. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:517-24. PubMed
  2. Chasan-Taber L, Willett WC, Seddon JM, et al. A prospective study of carotenoid and vitamin A intakes and risk of cataract extraction in US women. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;70:509-16. PubMed

See these in context on the Lutein monograph →

Chlorella 13 references
  1. Peirce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York, NY: William Morrow and Co., 1999.
  2. Ng TP, Tan WC, Lee YK. Occupational asthma in a pharmacist induced by chlorella, a unicellular algae preparation. Resp Med 1994;88:555-7. PubMed
  3. Jitsukawa K, Suizu R, Hidano A. Chlorella photosensitization. New phytophotodermatosis. Int J Dermatol 1984;23:263-8. PubMed
  4. Merchant RE, Carmack CA, Wise CM. Nutritional supplementation with Chlorella pyrenoidosa for patients with fibromyalgia syndrome: a pilot study. Phytother Res 2000;14:167-73.
  5. Merchant RE, Rice CD, Young HF. Dietary Chlorella pyrenoidosa for patients with malignant glioma: effects on immunocompetence, quality of life, and survival. Phytother Res 1990;4:220-31.
  6. Halperin SA, Smith B, Nolan C, et al. Safety and immunoenhancing effect of a Chlorella-derived dietary supplement in healthy adults undergoing influenza vaccination: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. CMAJ 2003;169:111-7..
  7. Ohtake, T., Negishi, K., Okamoto, K., Oka, M., Maesato, K., Moriya, H., and Kobayashi, S. Manganese-induced Parkinsonism in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;46(4):749-753. PubMed
  8. Ng, T. P., Tan, W. C., and Lee, Y. K. Occupational asthma in a pharmacist induced by Chlorella, a unicellular algae preparation. Respir.Med. 1994;88(7):555-557. PubMed
  9. Ohkawa, S., Yoneda, Y., Ohsumi, Y., and Tabuchi, M. [Warfarin therapy and chlorella]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 1995;35(7):806-807.
  10. Azocar J, Diaz A. Efficacy and safety of chlorella supplementation in adults with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19(7):1085-90. PubMed
  11. Panahi Y, Badeli R, Karami GR, Badeli Z, Sahebkar A. A randomized controlled trial of 6-week Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in patients with major depressive disorder. Complement Ther Med 2015;23(4):598-602. PubMed
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  13. Yavasoglu I, Turgutkaya A, Bolaman Z. Chlorella-induced thrombocytopenia. Sao Paulo Med J 2018;136(6):602-3. PubMed

See these in context on the Chlorella monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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