Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by TerraVita
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor is a dietary supplement by TerraVita with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for memory and cognitive support, circulation problems, dizziness and ringing in the ears.Based on those ingredients, 172 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
This product contains one active ingredient: Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract. Periwinkle is a plant whose leaves and stems are traditionally used in herbal medicine.
The extract here is made using glycerin, a common extraction method. The product also contains glycerin and chocolate flavoring as inactive ingredients to improve taste.
Does it work?
Couldn't assess
We don't have effectiveness data on file for Periwinkle in our records. That doesn't mean it doesn't work — it means the evidence for this particular ingredient hasn't been established in the data we hold.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Periwinkle is considered unsafe for oral use. It contains vinca alkaloids, strong plant compounds that can damage the liver, kidneys, and nervous system, especially at higher doses.
Common side effects include stomach upset, skin flushing, and low blood pressure. Because of the strength and toxicity risk of its alkaloids, periwinkle should only be used under professional medical guidance.
Periwinkle is unsafe during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. If you're pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, do not use this product.
Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether it's appropriate for you.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
If you take blood pressure medications (antihypertensives), periwinkle may make them work too well, dropping your pressure dangerously low. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before combining this product with any blood pressure drug.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Periwinkle is a potent herbal extract with real safety concerns — it's considered unsafe for routine oral use without professional oversight. If you take blood pressure medication, you'll need to check with your doctor or pharmacist before considering this product.
Given the toxicity profile and pregnancy/breastfeeding cautions, this is one to discuss with your healthcare provider before starting.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 13, 2022.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract | 0.13 mL | -- |
Other ingredients: Glycerin, Chocolate flavor
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Copyright 2006 TerraVita - Distributed by ZooScape LLC, All Rights Reserved.
Formula
Chocolate flavored Glycerite liquid extract (1:5)
Formulation
Alcohol free
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: Take 25-40 drops of extract in a small amount of warm water 3-4 times daily. Shake well before using.
Precautions
Keep away from children.
Do not use if safety seal around cap is broken or missing.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size25 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container227 Amounts shown are per serving.
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract
Interacts with172 drugs
Periwinkle (Vinca minor) is a flowering plant whose alkaloids are the source of vinpocetine, a compound marketed for memory and brain circulation. Evi...
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Glycerin, Chocolate flavor. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita interacts with blood pressure medications (antihypertensives).
Periwinkle contains vincamine, an alkaloid that can boost the effects of drugs used to lower blood pressure, potentially causing your pressure to drop too far.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Although we have data on one major drug category here, altogether these interactions span 172 individual medications. That large number reflects the many different blood pressure drugs on the market.
Before you start this product, run your current blood pressure medications through the interaction checker on this page, and talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether it's right for you.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor interact with 172 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract
Bumetanide (iv)Bumex
How Bumetanide (iv) interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Bumetanide (iv) interactionBumetanide (oral)Bumex
How Bumetanide (oral) interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Bumetanide (oral) interactionCandesartan CilexetilAmias, Atacand
How Candesartan Cilexetil interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Candesartan Cilexetil interactionCandesartan Cilexetil, HydrochlorothiazideAtacand HCT
How Candesartan Cilexetil, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Candesartan Cilexetil, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionCaptoprilAcepril, Capoten
How Captopril interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Captopril interactionCaptopril, HydrochlorothiazideAcezide, Capozide
How Captopril, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Captopril, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionCarteololCartrol, Ocupress
How Carteolol interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Carteolol interactionCarvedilolCoreg, Coreg CR
How Carvedilol interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Carvedilol interactionCeliprololCelicard
How Celiprolol interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Celiprolol interactionChlorothiazideDiuril
How Chlorothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Chlorothiazide interactionChlorothiazide, MethyldopaAldochlor, Aldoclor 150, Aldoclor 250
How Chlorothiazide, Methyldopa interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Chlorothiazide, Methyldopa interactionChlorothiazide, ReserpineDiupres
How Chlorothiazide, Reserpine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Chlorothiazide, Reserpine interactionChlorthalidoneHygroton, Thalitone
How Chlorthalidone interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Chlorthalidone interactionChlorthalidone, ClonidineClorpres, Combipres
How Chlorthalidone, Clonidine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Chlorthalidone, Clonidine interactionCilazaprilInhibace
How Cilazapril interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Cilazapril interactionClevidipineCleviprex
How Clevidipine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Clevidipine interactionClonidineCatapres
How Clonidine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Clonidine interactionCryptenamine, MethyclothiazideDiutensen
How Cryptenamine, Methyclothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Cryptenamine, Methyclothiazide interactionCyclothiazideAnhydron, Fluidil
How Cyclothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Cyclothiazide interactionDeserpidineHarmonyl
How Deserpidine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Deserpidine interactionDeserpidine, HydrochlorothiazideOreticyl, Oreticyl Forte
How Deserpidine, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Deserpidine, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionDeserpidine, MethyclothiazideEnduronyl, Enduronyl Forte
How Deserpidine, Methyclothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Deserpidine, Methyclothiazide interactionDiltiazemAdizem-SR, Adizem-XL, Angitil SR, Angitil XL, Calcicard CR, Cardizem +23 more
How Diltiazem interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Diltiazem interactionDiltiazem, EnalaprilTeczem
How Diltiazem, Enalapril interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Diltiazem, Enalapril interactionDoxazosin MesylateCardura
How Doxazosin Mesylate interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Doxazosin Mesylate interactionEnalapril MaleateEpaned, Vasotec
How Enalapril Maleate interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Enalapril Maleate interactionEnalapril Maleate, FelodipineLexxel
How Enalapril Maleate, Felodipine interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Enalapril Maleate, Felodipine interactionEnalapril Maleate, HydrochlorothiazideVaseretic
How Enalapril Maleate, Hydrochlorothiazide interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Enalapril Maleate, Hydrochlorothiazide interactionEplerenoneInspra
How Eplerenone interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Eplerenone interactionEpoprostenolFlolan
How Epoprostenol interacts with Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Read the full Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract + Epoprostenol interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Periwinkle Glycerite Liquid Extract
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking periwinkle may increase the effects of antihypertensive drugs due to the hypotensive activity of vincamine, a constituent of periwinkle.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor, from the product label.
TerraVita
See all TerraVita products- Name
- ZooScape LLC
- Phone Number
- 844-449-0444
- Web Address
- www.ZooScape.com
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita: Common Questions
Does Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor by TerraVita interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
What are the side effects of periwinkle?
Why is periwinkle considered unsafe?
Why is there such a large number of interacting medications listed?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Periwinkle Chocolate Flavor's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 5 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Periwinkle 5 references
- Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Ellenhorn MJ, et al. Ellenhorn's Medical Toxicology: Diagnoses and Treatment of Human Poisoning. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1997.
- Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC