Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

PhosphaGrow SX-7 Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by MuscleTech

PhosphaGrow SX-7 label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Botanical With Nutrients
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking PhosphaGrow SX-7 against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

PhosphaGrow SX-7 is a dietary supplement by MuscleTech with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for low testosterone or low libido in men, male fertility support, athletic performance and muscle strength.Based on those ingredients, 451 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Long Jack root extract, Astragalus root powder. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 3 active ingredients.
  • “Phosphatidic Acid Complex” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1,529 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Mediator(R) PA (Phosphatidic Acid- enriched Soy Lecithin)” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

PhosphaGrow SX-7 has three active ingredients. Long Jack root extract, also called Eurycoma longifolia, is a traditional plant used to support sexual desire.

Astragalus root powder is a traditional herb that some research suggests may support immune function. The product also contains a Phosphatidic Acid Complex (a fat-based compound) as part of its blend.

The softgel is filled with inactive ingredients including medium-chain triglyceride oil, gelatin, and glycerin to hold everything together.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: muscle strength and lean muscle gain.
  • We looked for evidence on: Muscle strength, Athletic performance, muscle hypertrophy, resistance training adaptation.
  • The closest evidence on file: Eurycoma Longifolia is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Eurycoma Longifolia is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Muscle strength.

Long Jack root extract is rated possibly effective for supporting sexual desire — meaning there's some evidence, but it's not conclusive. For athletic performance, the evidence suggests it's probably not effective.

For back pain, osteoporosis, and diabetes, we don't have enough reliable evidence in our data to rate how well it works. Astragalus root powder has insufficient reliable evidence for the conditions studied in our data, so we can't tell you whether it's effective for any specific use based on what we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Eurycoma Longifolia Astragalus Lecithin

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Long Jack is generally well tolerated over the short term in studies, but long-term safety and product quality are uncertain. Because some research suggests it may raise testosterone levels, there's a risk of testosterone-related side effects — acne, insulin resistance, and liver stress — especially if your levels go above normal.

Astragalus is generally well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though quality human safety data is limited. Both ingredients carry safety concerns in pregnancy and breastfeeding: the data advises against Long Jack during pregnancy and lactation, and against Astragalus during both, so you should talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or nursing.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Eurycoma Longifolia Astragalus Lecithin

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Astragalus, Eurycoma Longifolia.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 451 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Double-check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you're on propranolol (a heart and blood pressure medication) — Long Jack can lower its effectiveness. Also check if you take immunosuppressants, lithium, cyclophosphamide, diabetes drugs, or any medications processed by your liver through the CYP1A2, CYP2C19, or CYP2A6 pathways, since astragalus and Long Jack may interfere with how these work.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

PhosphaGrow SX-7 may be of interest to someone seeking support for sexual desire, but it's not a fit for you if you take propranolol, immunosuppressants, lithium, cyclophosphamide, or diabetes medications — and anyone on those drugs should check with their doctor or pharmacist before starting it. Long-term safety isn't established, and pregnancy or breastfeeding are times to sit this one out.

If you're considering it, talk it over with your own doctor or pharmacist to see if it's right for your situation.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 25, 2015.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about PhosphaGrow SX-7, straight from the product label.

Brand MuscleTech
Barcode (UPC) 631656606676
Net contents 140 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 25, 2015
DSLD ID 48104
Product type Botanical With Nutrients
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
5 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
5 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
28
UPC/BARCODE
631656606676
IngredientAmount% DV
Long Jack root extract0 NP--
Phosphatidic Acid Complex1529 mg--
Astragalus root powder0 NP--
Mediator(R) PA (Phosphatidic Acid- enriched Soy Lecithin)0 NP--
Phosphatidic Acid750 mg--

Other ingredients: Medium Chain Triglyceride Oil, Monoglycerides and Diglycerides, Silicon Dioxide, Gelatin, Glycerin, Caramel color, purified Water

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formula

Contains the only clinically studied & fully dosed form of Phosphatidic Acid.

Contains soy ingredients.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Phosphagrow(TM) SX-7(TM) features the purest clinically tested form of Phosphatidic Acid (PA) available- Mediator(R) PA.

Subjects boosted mTOR signaling by more than 6 times In a University of Tampa study, pre-clinical research showed that the same phosphatidic acid found in PhosphaGrow(TM) SX-7(TM) increased mTOR signaling by over 6 times compared to baseline.

Muscletech (TM) Research & Development

(C)2015. Patent pending.

Mediator(R) PA is protected under patents pending by Chemi Nutra. Mediator(R) PA is a registered trademark of Chemi Nutra.

PhosphaGrow(TM) SX-7(TM) works through the same mechanism, enhancing mTOR to increase protein synthesis and activate anabolic activity.

But remember, only Mediator(R) PA is guaranteed for purity and quality through Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Testing. No other source can deliver the same results! Get PhosphaGrow(TM) SX-7(TM) today!

General Statements

During resistance training, your body naturally produces limited amounts of phosphatidic acid, which binds to mTOR, activating the primary signaling pathway for muscle building.

Subjects built significantly more muscle & strength. In a separate phase of the same study, Phosphatidic Acid was shown to double muscle gains in test subjects compared to a placebo. These test subjects gained 5.3 lbs. of lean muscle vs. 2.6 lbs. in the placebo group. In the same study, test subjects increased their strength on the leg press by 69% more than the placebo group (114.4 lbs. vs 71.4 lbs.) in just 8 weeks!

(chart) Less muscle gained (lbs.) PhosphaGrow(TM) Sx-7(TM) Gained 5.3 lbs. of lean muscle Placebo group Strength gain on leg press (lbs.) PhosphaGrow(TM) SX-7(TM) Gained 60% more strength Placebo group

Gain 5.3 lbs. of muscle Based on research at the University of Tampa

Subjects gained 5.3 lbs of lean muscle in 8 weeks Doubles muscle gains and increase strength by 60% Boosts mTOR signaling by more than 6 times

Results based on core ingredient testing. See back for study details.

Exclusive formula based on research at the University of Tampa

Made in the U.S.A. from international ingredients.

Research & development

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Precautions

Contains soy ingredients.

Warning: For adult use only.

Do not use if pregnant or nursing.

Consult a medical doctor before use if you have a medical condition or before starting a diet or exercise program. Discontinue use two weeks prior to surgery.

Keep out of reach of children.

Do not use if packaging has been tampered with.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: Take 1 serving (5 softgels) once daily. On workout days, take 30 minutes before training. Do not exceed 5 softgels in a 24-hour period. Read the entire label before use and follow directions provided.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place (60(0)F to 80(0)F).

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Seals/Symbols

Made in the USA from International ingredients

General

11163US 0215

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

PhosphaGrow SX-7 label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech

These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size5 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container28 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Other (inactive) ingredients: Medium Chain Triglyceride Oil, Monoglycerides and Diglycerides, Silicon Dioxide, Gelatin, Glycerin, Caramel color, Purified Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against PhosphaGrow SX-7?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
451Drugs
211 Moderate 240 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Long Jack root extract 248
Astragalus root powder 208

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in PhosphaGrow SX-7 interact with 451 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

2 of the 3 ingredients in PhosphaGrow SX-7 interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Long Jack root extract Astragalus root powder

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in PhosphaGrow SX-7 with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Long Jack root extract5 drug types · 248 drugs

Propranolol (Inderal)

Eurycoma longifolia can reduce the levels and clinical effects of propranolol.
A small clinical study in healthy persons shows that taking a single dose of a water-based Eurycoma longifolia extract 200 mg, in combination with a single dose of propranolol 80 mg, reduces the propranolol area under the curve (AUC) by 29%, reduces the peak concentration by 42%, and increases time to peak concentration by 86% when compared with control. Since the elimination half-life of propranolol did not change, it seems that Eurycoma longifolia alters the kinetics of propranolol by decreasing its absorption in the gut, and not by altering its metabolism. It is not known if separating administration will prevent this interaction.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, Eurycoma longifolia might increase levels CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that methanolic Eurycoma longifolia root extract weakly inhibits CYP1A2 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2A6 (Cyp2A6) Substrates

Theoretically, Eurycoma longifolia might increase levels of CYP2A6 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that methanolic Eurycoma longifolia root extract weakly inhibits CYP2A6 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, Eurycoma longifolia might increase levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that methanolic Eurycoma longifolia root extract weakly inhibits CYP2C19 enzymes. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Testosterone

Theoretically, Eurycoma longifolia may further increase levels of testosterone.
A clinical study in aging males with testosterone levels below 300 ng/dL shows that taking a specific water extract of Eurycoma longifolia roots (Physta; Biotropics Malaysia) 100-200 mg daily with breakfast for 12 weeks increases total testosterone levels by 8% to 11% when compared with placebo. It is unclear whether this increase would occur in individuals with normal testosterone levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Long Jack root extract full monograph & interactions

Astragalus root powder4 drug types · 208 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research in humans shows that astragalus might have hypoglycemic effects. Theoretically, taking astragalus, especially in combination with other hypoglycemic agents, might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Cyclophosphamide

Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with cyclophosphamide therapy.
Evidence regarding the effect of astragalus on immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide is conflicting. Some animal research suggests that astragalus reverses cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. However, other animal research shows no effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Astragalus seems to stimulate immune function. Theoretically, taking astragalus might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, astragalus might increase levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research suggests that astragalus has diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to this diuretic effect, astragalus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Astragalus root powder full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for PhosphaGrow SX-7, from the product label.

MuscleTech

See all MuscleTech products
Name
Iovate Health Sciences U.S.A. Inc.
Street Address
1105 Market Street, Suite 1330
City
Wilmington
State
DE
ZipCode
19801
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech: Common Questions

Does PhosphaGrow SX-7 by MuscleTech interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, PhosphaGrow SX-7 has a known interaction with 451 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
PhosphaGrow SX-7 contains 3 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does this product help with athletic performance?
Long Jack root extract, one of the active ingredients, is rated possibly ineffective for athletic performance based on the evidence we hold. If that's your main goal, this product probably isn't the best fit.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
No — the safety data advises against both Long Jack and Astragalus during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you at this time.
What are the side effects I should watch for?
If Long Jack raises your testosterone beyond the normal range, you might experience acne, insulin resistance, or liver stress. Astragalus has been linked in some reports to dizziness and rash, though these may not have been caused by the herb itself. Because long-term safety isn't well established, watch for any new symptoms and talk to your pharmacist if something doesn't feel right.
Is it safe to use long-term?
Long Jack is generally well tolerated over the short term in studies, but long-term safety and product quality are uncertain. Astragalus is generally well tolerated short-term in healthy adults, though quality human safety data is limited. We don't have good evidence that either is safe for extended use, so check with your doctor or pharmacist about how long you should take it.
What does Astragalus do?
Astragalus is a traditional herb that some research suggests may support immune function. However, we don't have enough reliable evidence in our data to say whether it's effective for any specific condition.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if PhosphaGrow SX-7 is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

PhosphaGrow SX-7 label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind PhosphaGrow SX-7’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Eurycoma Longifolia

Interacts with 248 drugs

Eurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali) is a Southeast Asian herb most popular for supporting testosterone, libido, and male fertility, with some small human studies suggesting possible benefits....

Read the full Eurycoma Longifolia monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Astragalus

Interacts with 208 drugs

Astragalus is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to support the immune system and help the body cope with stress. While early studies are interesting, strong h...

Read the full Astragalus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lecithin

Lecithin is a natural fatty substance found in foods and made by the body that is widely used as a supplement and food emulsifier. Evidence supporting most of its health claims is limited, t...

Read the full Lecithin monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

PhosphaGrow SX-7's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 26 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Eurycoma Longifolia 4 references
  1. Salman SA, Amrah S, Wahab MS, et al. Modification of propranolol's bioavailability by Eurycoma longifolia water-based extract. J Clin Pharm Ther 2010;35:691-6. PubMed
  2. Tambi MI, Imran MK, Henkel RR. Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism? Andrologia 2011 Jun 15. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01168.x. [Epub ahead of pri PubMed
  3. Han YM, Kim IS, Rehman SU, Choe K, Yoo HH. In vitro evaluation of the effects of Eurycoma longifolia extract on CYP-mediated drug metabolism. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015;2015:631329.
  4. Chinnappan SM, George A, Pandey P, Narke G, Choudhary YK. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia standardised aqueous root extract-Physta ® on testosterone levels and quality of life in ageing male subjects: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicent

See these in context on the Eurycoma Longifolia monograph →

Astragalus 13 references
  1. Upton R, ed. Astragalus Root: Analytical, quality control, and therapeutic monograph. Santa Cruz, CA: American Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 1999:1-25.
  2. Khoo KS, Ang PT. Extract of astragalus membranaceus and ligustrum lucidum does not prevent cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Singapore Med J 1995;36:387-90.
  3. Chu DT, Wong WL, Mavligit GM. Immunotherapy with Chinese medicinal herbs. II. Reversal of cyclophosphamide-induced immune suppression by administration of fractionated Astragalus membranaceus in vivo. J Clin Lab Immunol 1988;25:125-9.
  4. Sun Y, Hersh EM, Lee SL, et al. Preliminary observations on the effects of the Chinese medicinal herbs Astragalus membranaceus and Ligustrum lucidum on lymphocyte blastogenic responses. J Biol Response Mod 1983;2:227-37..
  5. Ma J, Peng A, Lin S. Mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of astragalus membranaceus on sodium and water retention in experimental heart failure. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998;111:17-23.
  6. Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, et al. Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Phytother Res 2010;24:175-81.
  7. Zhang, J. G., Yang, N., He, H., Wei, G. H., Gao, D. S., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. Z., and Song, G. Y. [Effect of Astragalus injection on plasma levels of apoptosis-related factors in aged patients with chronic heart failure.]. Chin J Integr.Med 2005;11(3):18 PubMed
  8. Chen, H. W., Lin, I. H., Chen, Y. J., Chang, K. H., Wu, M. H., Su, W. H., Huang, G. C., and Lai, Y. L. A novel infusible botanically-derived drug, PG2, for cancer-related fatigue: a phase II double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study. Clin Invest PubMed
  9. Tian H, Lu J, He H, et al.The effect of Astragalus as an adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A (preliminary) meta-analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;191:206-215. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.062. PubMed
  10. Hong KF, Liu PY, Zhang W, Gui DK, Xu YH. The Efficacy and Safety of Astragalus as an Adjuvant Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Integr Complement Med 2023. PubMed
  11. Chan KW, Kwong ASK, Tsui PN, et al. Add-on astragalus in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A multi-center, assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial. Phytomedicine 2024;130:155457. PubMed
  12. Han X, Yu T, Chen X, Du Z, Yu M, Xiong J. Effect of Astragalus membranaceus on left ventricular remodeling in HFrEF: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024;15:1345797. PubMed
  13. Jing P, Hongzheng H, Zhenqi WU, Meijuan Z, Zuojing LI, Gang C. Long-term efficacy and safety of Huangqi ()-based Traditional Chinese Medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Tradit Chin Med 2024;44(2):

See these in context on the Astragalus monograph →

Lecithin 9 references
  1. Buchman AL, Dubin M, Jenden D, et al. Lecithin increases plasma free choline and decreases hepatic steatosis in long-term total parenteral nutrition patients. Gastroenterology 1992;102:1363-70.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (2000). Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000. Available at: http://b
  3. Chatellier G, Lacomblez L. Tacrine (tetrahydroaminoacridine; THA) and lecithin in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type: a multicentre trial. Groupe Francais d'Etude de la Tetrahydroaminoacridine. BMJ 1990;300:495-9.
  4. Gelenberg AJ, Dorer DJ, Wojcik JD, et al. A crossover study of lecithin treatment of tardive dyskinesia. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51:149-53.
  5. Little A, Levy R, Chuaqui-Kidd P, Hand D. A double-blind, placebo controlled trial of high-dose lecithin in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48:736-42. PubMed
  6. Palm M, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Kanny G, et al. Food allergy to egg and soy lecithins. Allergy 1999;54:1116-7. PubMed
  7. Drachman DA, Glosser G, Fleming P, et al. Memory decline in the aged: treatment with lecithin and physostigmine. Neurology 1982;32:944-50. PubMed
  8. Gelenberg, A. J., Doller-Wojcik, J. C., and Growdon, J. H. Choline and lecithin in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: preliminary results from a pilot study. Am J Psychiatry 1979;136(6):772-776. PubMed
  9. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21, Chapter 1, Subchapter B, Part 184: Direct food substances affirmed as Generally Recognized as Safe. Subpart B - listing of specific substances affirmed as GRAS. Sec. 184.1400 Lecithin. Available at: https:

See these in context on the Lecithin monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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