Drug & supplement interaction

Cubebs + Roflumilast

Roflumilast brand names: Daliresp, Zoryve.

Moderate Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated September 2026
The bottom line Moderate

Cubebs has a moderate interaction with Roflumilast. Several compounds isolated from cubebs can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in vitro.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Cubebs and Roflumilast

Here is the interaction we found between these two, with the evidence behind it.

Moderate

CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES

Why this applies to Roflumilast

Roflumilast falls under CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES — the group Cubebs interacts with.

Several compounds isolated from cubebs can inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) in vitro. So far, this effect has not been reported in humans. Theoretically, cubebs might increase the effects and side effects of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4. These include lovastatin (Mevacor), clarithromycin (Biaxin), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), diltiazem (Cardizem), estrogens, indinavir (Crixivan), triazolam (Halcion), and numerous others.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the simple version for roflumilast (Daliresp, Zoryve). Your body relies on a liver enzyme called CYP3A4 to help break this medicine down. Lab studies suggest some compounds in cubeb berries can slow that enzyme. If that happened in a real person, roflumilast could clear more slowly and build up a bit, which may mean stronger effects and more of its usual side effects, like nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, headache, trouble sleeping, or mood changes.

The good news is that this is only test-tube evidence so far, and nothing like it has been reported in people. A sprinkle of cubeb as a kitchen spice is very unlikely to matter. Concentrated extracts or oils are a different story, so check with your pharmacist or doctor before using those.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Usia T, Watabe T, Kadota S, Tezuka Y. Potent CYP3A4 inhibitory constituents of Piper cubeba. J Nat Prod 2005;68(1):64-8.

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Cubebs Also Interacts With Other Medications

Cubebs has 642 moderate, 22 minor known drug interactions in our database — the Roflumilast one above is one of them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Moderate 642 Minor 22 No known interaction 2,166 (incl. Roflumilast)
Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Cubebs

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Cubebs. Pick one to open its full report.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Roflumilast

This page covers Cubebs only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Roflumilast page lists 141 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Grapefruit (major), St. John's Wort (major), Acacia Rigidula (moderate) and Adrafinil (moderate).

By severity: 3 major · 96 moderate · 42 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Roflumilast page

“Roflumilast (Daliresp for severe COPD, Zoryve as a cream for skin conditions) is cleared almost entirely by one liver enzyme, CYP3A4, which is why 121 of the 141 supplements on this page can push its level up or down, and why real caution is warranted here. Start with the three rated major: grapefruit blocks that enzyme and can raise r…”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Roflumilast interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Cubebs as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 19 real supplement products containing Cubebs, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Cubebs. Your product may carry other ingredients that interact with Roflumilast too, on top of Cubebs — and those would not show on this page. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Cubebs and Roflumilast Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Cubebs
Top half

#628 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Roflumilast
Top half

#1,276 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Cubebs

What is Cubebs?

Cubebs
  • Coughs and bronchitis
  • Indigestion and gas
  • Urinary tract complaints
  • Sore throat
  • Culinary spice

Cubebs are spicy, peppery berries from a vine in the pepper family that have long been used in traditional medicine for coughs, digestion, and urinary problems. Modern human studies are very limited, so its benefits are not well proven. Use it cautiously as a food spice, and talk to your pharmacist or doctor before using concentrated extracts or oils.

Read the full Cubebs monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Roflumilast

What Is Roflumilast Used For?

Brand names: Daliresp, Zoryve

Daliresp and roflumilast tablets are used to reduce the risk of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) flare-ups in adults with severe COPD linked to chronic bronchitis who have had flare-ups in the past. They are not rescue inhalers and will not relieve a sudden breathing attack.

Zoryve cream is used topically to treat plaque psoriasis (adults and children 2+) and mild to moderate atopic dermatitis (eczema) in adults and children as young as 2. Zoryve topical foam is used to treat seborrheic dermatitis (adults and children 9+) and plaque psoriasis of the scalp and body (adults and children 12+).

See full Roflumilast drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Cubebs

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Cubebs — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
642Moderate
22Minor
2,165No known interaction
642 Moderate 22 Minor 2,165 No interaction
Moderate

642 interactions

Showing 60 of 642 moderate interactions — see all 642 on the Cubebs page.

Minor

22 interactions

No interaction 2,165 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Cubebs against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 2,165 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Cubebs list.

See the full Cubebs interactions page
See every supplement checked against Roflumilast, ranked by severity
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Keep exploring
Cubebs monograph › Uses, safety, and every drug interaction in one place Roflumilast supplement interactions › Every supplement checked against Roflumilast, ranked by severity Roflumilast drug information › The full plain-English guide to this medication Supplement interaction checker › Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z › Every drug we've checked against herbs & supplements Ask a pharmacist › Free, personal answer from our licensed team
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Cubebs and Roflumilast Together: Common Questions

Can you take Cubebs with Roflumilast?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
How serious is the Cubebs and Roflumilast interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Still Have a Question About Roflumilast and Cubebs?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.