Herb & supplement monograph

Procaine Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More

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Procaine Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line

From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated July 2026

Based on the available evidence, the risk of a clinically significant Procaine drug interaction is meaningful and should be taken seriously, since most of the listed interactions are rated major. The majority of interactions here carry a major severity rating, the rest are moderate, and none are considered minor.

Interactions deserving the most attention

The most serious concerns involve digoxin, succinylcholine, and skeletal muscle relaxants, where intravenous procaine is considered contraindicated, meaning the combination should be avoided in that setting. On the moderate side, a breakdown product of procaine can work against sulfonamide antibiotics such as sulfamethoxazole and sulfasalazine, and against aminosalicylic acid, which could make those medicines less effective. These effects are supported by human or animal data rather than firm controlled trials, but the potential stakes are high enough to warrant caution.

What the rest of the list means

A long interaction list does not mean every combination causes harm, and the strongest warnings here apply specifically to intravenous use of procaine. The moderate concerns rest partly on how the body breaks procaine down, and some of those predicted effects remain theoretical. Still, the overall pattern points toward caution rather than reassurance with this ingredient.

Check your medications against Procaine

Based on HelloPharmacist’s Procaine interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.

Interaction report

Drugs that interact with Procaine

56 medications have a known interaction with Procaine, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.

37 major interactions. These combinations can be clinically significant — best avoided, or used only with close professional supervision. Always check with your pharmacist before combining them with Procaine.

2,830 drugs
Acetaminophen, ChlorzoxazoneAcetazone Forte, Extra Strength Tylenol Aches & Strains, Parafon Forte› Acetaminophen, Chlorzoxazone, CodeineAcetazone Forte C8, Parafon Forte C8› Acetaminophen, Codeine, MethocarbamolAcetaminophen, Codeine, Methocarbamol, Robaxacet 8› Acetaminophen, MethocarbamolRobaxacet› Acetaminophen, OrphenadrineOrfenagesic› AlcuroniumAlcuronium› Aspirin, Caffeine, OrphenadrineInvagesic, Invagesic Forte, Norgesic, Norgesic Forte, Orphengesic, Orphengesic Forte› Aspirin, CarisoprodolSoma Compound› Aspirin, Codeine Phosphate, MethocarbamolRobaxisal C› Aspirin, MethocarbamolRobaxisal› AtracuriumTracrium› BaclofenFleqsuvy, Lioresal, Lyvispah, Ozobax› CarisoprodolRela, Soma› ChlorphenesinMaolate› ChlorzoxazoneParaflex, Parafon Forte DSC› CisatracuriumNimbex› CyclobenzaprineCyclobenzaprine, Cycloprine, Flexeril› DantroleneDantrium, Dantrium Intravenous› Dantrolene SodiumRyanodex› DigoxinDigitek, Lanoxicaps, Lanoxin› DoxacuriumNuromax› GallamineFlaxedil› Letibotulinumtoxina-wlbgLetybo› LioresalLioresal Injection› MetaxaloneSkelaxin› MethocarbamolRobaxin, Robaxin Injection› MetocurineMetubine› MivacuriumMivacron› OrphenadrineBanflex, Disipal, Flexoject, Flexon, Norflex, Norflex Injection› PancuroniumPavulon›
Read The List Like a Pharmacist

What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean

Severity — How Serious It Can Be

  • Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
  • Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
  • Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
  • No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.

Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented

  • Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
  • Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
  • Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.

Where This Data Comes From

  • Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
  • Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Procaine combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
  • Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The big picture

The kinds of drugs Procaine affects

Every type of medication (drug category) Procaine is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

All 5 drug categories Procaine interacts with
Digoxin (lanoxin)Skeletal Muscle RelaxantsSuccinylcholineAminosalicylic AcidSulfonamide Antibiotics
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Intravenous use of procaine hydrochloride is contraindicated.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Intravenous use of procaine hydrochloride is contraindicated.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Succinylcholine

Intravenous use of procaine hydrochloride is contraindicated.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Aminosalicylic Acid

A metabolite of procaine, aminobenzoic acid, can antagonize the effect of aminosalicylic acid. Theoretically, procaine might also reduce aminosalicylic activity.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Sulfonamide Antibiotics

A metabolite of procaine, aminobenzoic acid, can antagonize the effect of sulfonamides. Theoretically, procaine might also reduce sulfonamide activity. Some sulfonamides include sulfamethoxazole (Gantanol), sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra).

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Monograph

Procaine: Uses, Safety & Side Effects

The bottom line

Procaine is a synthetic local anesthetic (best known by the brand name Novocaine) used by doctors and dentists to numb tissue. It is not a true dietary supplement or herb, and the 'anti-aging' products built around it (such as GH3 or 'Gerovital') have weak evidence and real safety concerns. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor before using any product containing procaine.

Part used
Synthetic chemical compound (procaine hydrochloride)
Common forms
Injectable solution (prescription), and in some products labeled 'procaine' or 'GH3' marketed as anti-aging supplements
People commonly use it for
  • Local anesthesia (medical/dental use)
  • Marketed 'anti-aging' supplements
  • General well-being and vitality claims
  • Mood and energy support (unproven)

Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.

Safety at a glance
OverallUse caution

Procaine is a prescription anesthetic, not a proven supplement, and can cause allergic reactions and other side effects.

PregnancyLikely Unsafe

When used for self-medication; avoid using.

Read the full pregnancy detail
BreastfeedingInsufficient reliable information

There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of procaine for self-medication; avoid using.

Read the full breastfeeding detail

Pregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.

Jump to a section

Overview

Procaine is a synthetic chemical, not a plant or herb. It was first made in the early 1900s and is widely known by the brand name Novocaine. Doctors and dentists use it as a local anesthetic to numb a small area of the body during minor procedures.

Over the years, procaine also became the main ingredient in certain anti-aging products, most famously a formula called GH3 or 'Gerovital,' developed in Romania. These products were promoted for slowing aging, boosting energy, and improving mood. Because of this history, some supplement sellers still market procaine-based products today.

It is important to understand that procaine is a medicine at heart. Its medical use as an anesthetic is well established, but its use as a wellness or anti-aging supplement is not.

How it works

As an anesthetic, procaine works by blocking sodium channels in nerves. This stops nerves from sending pain signals, which is why an area goes numb after a dentist injects it.

In the body, procaine is broken down into two compounds: para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and diethylaminoethanol (DEAE). Supporters of anti-aging products claim these breakdown products affect brain chemistry and cell function. However, these proposed mechanisms come mostly from laboratory and older animal research and have not been confirmed to produce meaningful anti-aging effects in people.

Effectiveness

Does Procaine work?

Evidence overview · 2 uses evaluated
2 Insufficient evidence
How to read these evidence grades

Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.

1EffectiveStrong, consistent evidence it works.
2Likely EffectiveGood evidence, though not yet conclusive.
3Possibly EffectiveSome evidence suggests a benefit.
4Possibly IneffectiveSome evidence it may not help.
5Likely IneffectiveFairly strong evidence it doesn’t help.
6IneffectiveStrong evidence it doesn’t work.
7Insufficient Reliable Evidence to RateToo little research to say either way.

For Procaine, current evidence isn’t strong enough to rate any specific use. The conditions it has been studied for are listed below.

Also studied for 2 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Age-related cognitive decline
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Preliminary clinical research shows that oral or intramuscular procaine may improve some, but not most, measures of cognitive function in individuals described as mentally healthy elderly. However, withdrawals due to adverse effects were higher in those using procaine, and most studies failed to adequately demonstrate that the included patients were actually healthy.

Sources Ref 99208
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Dementia
Rating & evidence shown verbatim from Natural Medicines

Preliminary clinical research involving 12 patients with dementia shows that procaine does not improve cognitive function compared to placebo. It is possible that the study was underpowered.

Sources Ref 99208

Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.

Safety & precautions

Procaine belongs to a group of anesthetics that can cause allergic reactions in some people, especially those sensitive to PABA or related 'ester' anesthetics. Reactions can range from a skin rash to, rarely, a serious whole-body reaction.

People with heart rhythm problems, low blood pressure, or certain enzyme deficiencies should be especially careful, and procaine should only be used under medical supervision. Non-medical 'anti-aging' procaine products are not well regulated, so quality and dose can vary.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Procaine may be used during certain medical procedures only when a doctor decides it is appropriate. Non-medical procaine or GH3-type supplements have not been proven safe in pregnancy or breastfeeding, so they should be avoided in these situations.

Always talk to a pharmacist or doctor before using any product containing procaine.

Side effects

Common side effects, mostly seen with the injected anesthetic, can include numbness, tingling, dizziness, and low blood pressure. Some people feel restless or lightheaded.

More serious but less common problems include allergic reactions (rash, swelling, trouble breathing), changes in heart rhythm, and—if too much is absorbed—effects on the nervous system such as confusion or seizures. Any sudden swelling, difficulty breathing, or chest discomfort needs emergency care.

Because supplement-style procaine products are not tightly controlled, their side effects are harder to predict.

Procaine: Reported Adverse Effects

Documented safety reports on Procaine from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.

Orally, procaine can cause heartburn, migraines, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Szatmári S, Bereczki D. Procaine treatments for cognition and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(4):CD005993.
Reports by condition
Dyspepsia Gastrointestinal

Orally, procaine can cause heartburn.

  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Immunologic

Orally, procaine can cause systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

Dosing

There is no established or recommended supplement dose for procaine. As a medical anesthetic, the dose is carefully calculated and given by a trained healthcare professional during a procedure—this is not something to self-administer.

For any product labeled as a procaine or GH3 supplement, follow the product label and, more importantly, check with your pharmacist or doctor first. Because the benefits are unproven and the risks are real, many pharmacists would advise against using these products at all.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Procaine & Pregnancy

Likely Unsafe

When used for self-medication; avoid using.

  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.

Procaine & Breastfeeding

Insufficient reliable information

There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of procaine for self-medication; avoid using.

DISCLAIMER: This tool is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions.

© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center

Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center

References & further reading

The 3 references that drive our Procaine monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  3. Szatmári S, Bereczki D. Procaine treatments for cognition and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(4):CD005993. DOI
Keep reading

This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Brand directory

Brands that make products with Procaine

1 brand in our database make a supplement containing Procaine.

Product directory

Supplement products with Procaine

2 products in our database contain Procaine. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.

Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Procaine: Common Questions

What is Procaine used for, and does it work?
People use Procaine for a range of reasons, but according to the Natural Medicines database the current clinical evidence is insufficient to confirm it works for the specific conditions it has been studied for. See the graded list on this page, and talk to your pharmacist or doctor before relying on it for any condition.
Does Procaine interact with prescription medications?
Yes. We list 56 medications with a known interaction with Procaine, including 37 rated major. Use the checker above to see how Procaine interacts with a specific drug.
How are Procaine interactions rated?
Each interaction is graded major, moderate, or minor based on how clinically significant it is and the strength of the evidence behind it. Major interactions are the most serious and are best avoided, or used only under close professional supervision.
Is it safe to take Procaine with my medications?
It depends on the specific medication. Some combinations are fine, while others call for monitoring, timing changes, or should be avoided. Check your exact drug above and confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing anything.
Where does this Procaine interaction information come from?
Our interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database — an evidence-graded reference for vitamins, herbs, and supplements — and is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists, who may add clinical context.
Is Procaine the same as Novocaine?
Yes. Novocaine is a well-known brand name for Procaine, a local anesthetic used to numb tissue during dental and minor medical procedures.
Does Procaine really slow aging?
There is no strong, reliable evidence that Procaine or GH3-type products slow aging, boost energy, or improve memory. Most supportive claims come from older, low-quality studies.
Is Procaine safe to take as a supplement?
Procaine is really a medicine, not a proven supplement. It can cause allergic reactions and other side effects, so you should talk to a pharmacist or doctor before using any Procaine-containing product.
Can I use Procaine products during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
Non-medical Procaine or anti-aging products have not been shown to be safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding, so they should be avoided. Any medical use should be decided by your doctor.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Keep exploring

Products that contain Procaine

A rotating sample of real supplements in our database that list Procaine — open any to see its full ingredients and every drug interaction we check.

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