Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 4 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Gf Thyroid Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Systemic Formulas Bio Function

Gf Thyroid label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 16, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Gf Thyroid against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Gf Thyroid is a dietary supplement by Systemic Formulas Bio Function with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for thyroid support, iodine source, weight management.Based on those ingredients, 959 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Kelp, Pata de Vaca, Irish Moss. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 30, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1,060 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Gf Thyroid contains 8 ingredients, of which kelp, Irish moss (sea moss), pata de vaca, and pumpkin seed (Cucurbita Pepo) are the active ones — the rest are a proprietary blend, homeopathic thyroid dilution, and tissue extracts. Kelp and Irish moss are both seaweed sources of iodine, a mineral needed for thyroid function.

Pata de vaca is a plant traditionally used in herbal medicine, and pumpkin seed has a history in folk remedies for urinary and reproductive health. The product also contains three inactive ingredients: gelatin (the capsule), lactose, and leucine (an amino acid used as an excipient).

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: builds and balances the thyroid gland.
  • We looked for evidence on: Hypothyroidism, Iodine deficiency, thyroid function, thyroid health.
  • The closest evidence on file: Fucus Vesiculosus is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Hypothyroidism (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Fucus Vesiculosus is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Iodine deficiency.
  • Also on file: Sea Moss is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Iodine deficiency.

The evidence for what this product claims to do is not established in the data we hold. Kelp and Irish moss show insufficient reliable evidence for aging skin, heart disease, constipation, diarrhea, and indigestion.

Pata de vaca has insufficient evidence for diabetes. Pumpkin seed is possibly effective for benign prostate enlargement, but the data on the other uses listed (hair loss, bladder pain, parasite infection, urinary tract infections) is insufficient.

Because this is a combination product with a proprietary blend, we cannot assess how the ingredients work together or their individual doses.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Fucus Vesiculosus Sea Moss Pata De Vaca Pumpkin

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Orally, kelp and Irish moss may be unsafe due to their high iodine content, which can disrupt thyroid function and cause goiter, overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), or underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). Kelp carries a rare serious risk of thyroid cancer.

Both seaweeds can also concentrate heavy metals from ocean water. One case report linked a kelp-containing supplement to heart palpitations and dangerous heart rhythms in a young adult, though it's unclear whether kelp alone was responsible.

Pumpkin is generally well tolerated when eaten as food; concentrated seed supplements may cause abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting, and rare anaphylaxis has been reported. Two case reports describe severe hair loss after eating wild or bitter-tasting pumpkin or squash, linked to high levels of a compound called cucurbitacin.

During pregnancy, the iodine content in kelp and Irish moss poses a risk — the safety data advises against this product. Iodine passes into breast milk and may harm the baby's thyroid, so breastfeeding mothers should avoid it.

Pata de vaca has insufficient safety information; the data advises against it in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Pumpkin as food is fine in pregnancy and breastfeeding, but safety of concentrated supplements during these times is not well studied.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Fucus Vesiculosus Sea Moss Pata De Vaca Pumpkin

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Fucus Vesiculosus, Pumpkin, Pata De Vaca, Sea Moss.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 960 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product if you use lithium, antithyroid drugs (like propylthiouracil or methimazole), thyroid hormone replacement, amiodarone (a heart medication), antidiabetes drugs, or any blood thinner (anticoagulant) or antiplatelet medication. The iodine-rich ingredients kelp and Irish moss can alter how these drugs work, and pumpkin and kelp may raise lithium levels or compound blood-sugar-lowering effects.

No interactions are documented for three of the ingredients we were unable to check.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product carries real interaction risks if you take lithium, thyroid medications, antithyroid drugs, amiodarone, or antidiabetes medications — talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting. If you have any thyroid condition or are pregnant or breastfeeding, check with your healthcare provider first.

The iodine content is high and can shift your thyroid function in either direction depending on your history. For anyone else considering it, keep in mind the evidence for its claimed benefits is not yet established.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 24, 2013.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Gf Thyroid, straight from the product label.

Brand Systemic Formulas Bio Function
Barcode (UPC) 635585003919
Net contents 60 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD May 24, 2013
DSLD ID 21882
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
UPC/BARCODE
635585003919
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend1060 mg--
Kelp0 NP--
Irish Moss0 NP--
Thyroid 6x Dilution0 NP--
Pata de Vaca0 NP--
Abutua0 NP--
Cucurbita Pepo0 NP--
RNA/DNA Lung Factors0 NP--
RNA/DNA Thymus Factors0 NP--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Lactose, Leucine

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Storage

Keep away from Heat Sunlight

General Statements

Builds and balances the thyroid gland; helps adjust changes due to climate/jet lag.

SOLD THROUGH PROFESSIONALS

#39

MADE IN U.S.A.

F/12

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any diseases.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

DIRECTIONS FOR NUTRITIONAL USE: 1-2 capsules, up to twice a day, for 1-3 months, or as directed. Then, take as needed for maintenance. Increase the amount of liquids you drink each day while taking this product.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Precautions

KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Gf Thyroid label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Blend

1060 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Lactose, Leucine. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Gf Thyroid?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
959Drugs
109 Moderate 850 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Kelp 891
Pata de Vaca 86
Irish Moss 22
Cucurbita Pepo 1

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Gf Thyroid interact with 959 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 8 ingredients in Gf Thyroid interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Kelp Pata de Vaca Irish Moss Cucurbita Pepo

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Gf Thyroid with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Kelp9 drug types · 891 drugs

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Theoretically, combining Fucus vesiculosus with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Fucus vesiculosus contains high concentrations of iodine. Amiodarone contains 37.3% iodine and can increase iodine levels. Concomitant use might increase the risk of having excessive iodine levels and adversely affecting thyroid function. Monitor thyroid function.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Antithyroid Drugs

Due to its iodine content, Fucus vesiculosus might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Fucus vesiculosus contains high concentrations of iodine. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking Fucus vesiculosus while using antithyroid drugs could alter the effects of the antithyroid drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus and lithium has resulted in hyperthyroidism.
There is a case of hyperthyroidism occurring in a patient taking Fucus vesiculosus and lithium. Monitor thyroid hormones closely in patients taking lithium and Fucus vesiculosus concomitantly.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Due to its iodine content, Fucus vesiculosus might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Fucus vesiculosus contains high concentrations of iodine. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking Fucus vesiculosus while using thyroid hormone could alter the effects of thyroid hormone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking Fucus vesiculosus with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
In vitro evidence suggests that a constituent of Fucus vesiculosus, known as fucoidan, has anticoagulant effects. However, in clinical research, fucoidan does not seem to have significant anticoagulant activity when taken orally, possibly due to poor absorption.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus with CYP2C8 substrates might increase the risk for adverse effects.
In vitro research shows that fucoidan, a constituent of Fucus vesiculosus, inhibits CYP2C8. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus with CYP2C9 substrates might increase the risk for adverse effects.
In vitro research shows that fucoidan, a constituent of Fucus vesiculosus, inhibits CYP2C9. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus with CYP2D6 substrates might alter the effects of these substrates.
In vitro research shows that fucoidan, a constituent of Fucus vesiculosus, both inhibits and induces CYP2D6. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of Fucus vesiculosus with CYP3A4 substrates might increase the risk for adverse effects.
In vitro research shows that fucoidan, a constituent of Fucus vesiculosus, inhibits CYP3A4. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Kelp full monograph & interactions

Pata de Vaca1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Animal research suggests that pata de vaca may have hypoglycemic effects. However, preliminary clinical research shows that pata de vaca does not reduce blood glucose levels. Until more is known, use with caution. Theoretically, concomitant use of pata de vaca with antidiabetes drugs might affect glucose control and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. Dose adjustments to diabetes medications might be necessary. Some antidiabetes drugs include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, metformin (Glucophage), pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Pata de Vaca full monograph & interactions

Irish Moss3 drug types · 22 drugs

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Theoretically, combining sea moss with amiodarone might cause excessively high iodine levels.
Amiodarone contains 37.3% iodine and can increase iodine levels. Concomitant use with sea moss, which contains approximately 4-7 mcg of iodine per gram, might increase the risk of adverse effects from iodine, including altered thyroid function.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antithyroid Drugs

Due to its iodine content, sea moss might alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.
Sea moss contains approximately 4-7 mcg of iodine per gram. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking sea moss could theoretically alter the effects of antithyroid drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Due to its iodine content, sea moss might alter the effects of thyroid hormone.
Sea moss contains approximately 4-7 mcg of iodine per gram. Iodine in high doses has been reported to cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, depending on the individual's past medical history. Taking sea moss could theoretically alter the effects of thyroid hormone.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Irish Moss full monograph & interactions

Cucurbita Pepo1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Pumpkin might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Pumpkin is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, this might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Cucurbita Pepo full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Gf Thyroid, from the product label.

Systemic Formulas Bio Function

See all Systemic Formulas Bio Function products
Name
Systemic Formulas Inc.
Street Address
P.O.Box 1516
City
Ogden
State
UT
ZipCode
84402
Web Address
www.systemicformulas.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function: Common Questions

Does Gf Thyroid by Systemic Formulas Bio Function interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Gf Thyroid has a known interaction with 959 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Gf Thyroid contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Will this interact with my thyroid medication?
Yes — both kelp and Irish moss contain high iodine, which can alter how thyroid hormone replacement works. Iodine in high doses can shift your thyroid in either direction depending on your history. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before combining this with any thyroid medicine.
Can I take this if I'm on lithium?
Not without checking first. Kelp can trigger high thyroid hormone levels in people taking lithium, and pumpkin in this product may raise lithium levels in your blood. Both are moderate concerns. Talk with your doctor before starting.
Is it safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?
No. The kelp and Irish moss iodine content makes this unsafe during pregnancy. Iodine passes into breast milk and can harm the baby's thyroid, so you should avoid it while breastfeeding too. Talk with your doctor if you're pregnant or planning to breastfeed.
What does kelp actually do in this formula?
Kelp is a seaweed high in iodine, a mineral your thyroid needs. But the evidence we have doesn't yet support its use for the conditions this product claims to address — aging skin, heart disease, constipation, and diarrhea all show insufficient reliable evidence.
Can this help with diabetes?
The product contains pata de vaca, which animal research suggests might lower blood sugar. But human studies show it doesn't actually reduce blood glucose levels, and the evidence is insufficient. If you take diabetes medications, the theoretical risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) means you should check with your doctor first.
What are the common side effects?
From kelp: goiter, overactive or underactive thyroid. From Irish moss: constipation or diarrhea. From pumpkin: abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. Because of the iodine load, thyroid-related side effects are the main concern with regular use.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Gf Thyroid label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Gf Thyroid’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Fucus Vesiculosus

Interacts with 891 drugs

Fucus vesiculosus (bladderwrack) is a brown seaweed rich in iodine that has been used traditionally for thyroid concerns, weight, and skin. There is little solid human evidence to support mo...

Read the full Fucus Vesiculosus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Sea Moss

Interacts with 22 drugs

Sea moss is a type of red seaweed that is naturally rich in iodine and several minerals, and it is popular as a 'whole-food' supplement. Strong human evidence for most of its health claims i...

Read the full Sea Moss monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pata De Vaca

Interacts with 86 drugs

Pata de Vaca is a South American plant whose leaves are traditionally brewed as a tea to help support blood sugar, earning it the nickname 'vegetable insulin.' Human evidence is very limited...

Read the full Pata De Vaca monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Pumpkin

Interacts with 1 drug

Pumpkin is a nutritious squash, and its seeds and seed oil are the parts most often used as supplements, mainly for urinary and prostate symptoms. The evidence for these uses is limited and...

Read the full Pumpkin monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Gf Thyroid's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 33 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Fucus Vesiculosus 15 references
  1. Goodman GA, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  3. Phaneuf D, Cote I, Dumas P, et al. Evaluation of the contamination of marine algae (Seaweed) from the St. Lawrence River and likely to be consumed by humans. Environ Res 1999;80:S175-S182. PubMed
  4. Durig J, Bruhn T, Zurborn KH, et al. Anticoagulant fucoidan fractions from Fucus vesiculosus induce platelet activation in vitro. Thromb Res 1997;85:479-91. PubMed
  5. Conz PA, La Greca G, Benedetti P, et al. Fucus vesiculosus: a nephrotoxic alga? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:526-7.
  6. Ohye H, Fukata S, Kanoh M, et al. Thyrotoxicosis caused by weight-reducing herbal medicines. Arch Intern Med 2005;165:831-4. PubMed
  7. Okamura K, Inoue K, Omae T. A case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with thyroid immunological abnormality manifested after habitual ingestion of seaweed. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1978;88:703-12. PubMed
  8. Agarwal SC, Crook JR, Pepper CB. Herbal remedies -- how safe are they? A case report of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation induced by herbal medication used for obesity. Int J Cardiol 2006;106:260-1. PubMed
  9. Sterling JB, Heymann WR. Potassium iodide in dermatology: a 19th century drug for the 21st century-uses, pharmacology, adverse effects, and contraindications. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:691-7. PubMed
  10. Catania, M. A., Oteri, A., Caiello, P., Russo, A., Salvo, F., Giustini, E. S., Caputi, A. P., and Polimeni, G. Hemorrhagic cystitis induced by an herbal mixture. South.Med.J. 2010;103(1):90-92. PubMed
  11. Cumashi, A., Ushakova, N. A., Preobrazhenskaya, M. E., D'Incecco, A., Piccoli, A., Totani, L., Tinari, N., Morozevich, G. E., Berman, A. E., Bilan, M. I., Usov, A. I., Ustyuzhanina, N. E., Grachev, A. A., Sanderson, C. J., Kelly, M., Rabinovich, G. A., I
  12. Irhimeh, M. R., Fitton, J. H., and Lowenthal, R. M. Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan. Blood Coagul.Fibrinolysis 2009;20(7):607-610. PubMed
  13. Arbaizar, B. and Llorca, J. [Fucus vesiculosus induced hyperthyroidism in a patient undergoing concomitant treatment with lithium]. Actas Esp.Psiquiatr. 2011;39(6):401-403.
  14. Church FC, Meade JB, Treanor RE, and et al. Antithrombin activity of fucoidan. The interaction of fucoidan with heparin cofactor II, antithrombin III, and thrombin. J Biol Chem 2-25-1989;264(6):3618-3623. DOI
  15. Mathew L, Burney M, Gaikwad A, et al. Preclinical evaluation of safety of fucoidan extracts from Undaria pinnatifida and Fucus vesiculosus for use in cancer treatment. Integr Cancer Ther 2017;16(4):572-84.

See these in context on the Fucus Vesiculosus monograph →

Sea Moss 3 references
  1. Darias-Rosales J, Rubio C, Gutiérrez ÁJ, Paz S, Hardisson A. Risk assessment of iodine intake from the consumption of red seaweeds (Palmaria palmata and Chondrus crispus). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020;27(36):45737-45741. PubMed
  2. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Agricultural Research Service. FoodData Central. Seaweed, irishmoss, raw. April 2019. Available at: https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/168456/nutrients. Accessed Aug. 30, 2022.
  3. Palmieri B, Vadalà M, Laurino C. Clinical effects of overwintered-stressed Chondrus Crispus and non-overwintered-stressed Chondrus crispus dietary supplementations. Asian J Med Sci. 2018; 9(6): 7-13. DOI

See these in context on the Sea Moss monograph →

Pata De Vaca 10 references
  1. Russo EM, Reichelt AA, De Sa JR, et al. Clinical trial of Myrcia uniflora and Bauhinia forficata leaf extracts in normal and diabetic patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 1990;23(1):11-20.
  2. da Cunha AM, Menon S, Menon R, et al. Hypoglycemic activity of dried extracts of Bauhinia forficata Link. Phytomedicine 2010;17(1):37-41. PubMed
  3. Lino Cde S, Diogenes JP, Pereira BA, et al. Antidiabetic activity of Bauhinia forficata extracts in alloxan-diabetic rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2004;27(1):125-7. PubMed
  4. Silva FR, Szpoganicz B, Pizzolatti MG, et al. Acute effect of Bauhinia forficata on serum glucose levels in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;83(1-2):33-7. PubMed
  5. Pepato MT, Keller EH, Baviera AM, et al. Anti-diabetic activity of Bauhinia forficata decoction in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2002;81(2):191-7. PubMed
  6. Jorge AP, Horst H, de Sousa E, et al. Insulinomimetic effects of kaempferitrin on glycaemia and on 14C-glucose uptake in rat soleus muscle. Chem Biol Interact 2004;149(2-3):89-96. PubMed
  7. de Sousa E, Zanatta L, Seifriz I, et al. Hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant potential of kaempferol-3,7-O-(alpha)-dirhamnoside from Bauhinia forficata leaves. J Nat Prod 2004;67(5):829-32.
  8. Vasconcelos F, Sampaio SV, Garofalo MA, et al. Insulin-like effects of Bauhinia forficata aqueous extract upon Tityus serrulatus scorpion envenoming. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;95(2-3):385-92. PubMed
  9. Córdova Mariángel P, Avello Lorca M, Morales Leon F, et al. Effects of Bauhinia forficata link tea on lipid profile in diabetic patients. J Med Food. 2019;22(3):321-323.
  10. Tonelli CA, de Oliveira SQ, Silva Vieira AAD, et al. Clinical efficacy of capsules containing standardized extract of Bauhinia forficata Link (pata-de-vaca) as adjuvant treatment in type 2 diabetes patients: A randomized, double blind clinical trial. J Et PubMed

See these in context on the Pata De Vaca monograph →

Pumpkin 5 references
  1. Marks L, Partin AW, Epstein JI, et al. Effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 2000;163:1451-6. DOI
  2. Cho YH, Lee SY, Jeong DW, et al. Effect of pumpkin seed oil on hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2014;2014:549721. PubMed
  3. Vahlensieck W, Theurer C, Pfitzer E, Patz B, Banik N, Engelmann U. Effects of pumpkin seed in men with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia in the one-year, randomized, placebo-controlled GRANU study. Urol Int 2015;94(3):286-95 PubMed
  4. Assouly P. Hair loss associated with cucurbit poisoning. JAMA Dermatol. 2018 May 1;154(5):617-618. PubMed
  5. Gawryjolek J, Ludwig H, Zbikowska-Götz M, Bartuzi Z, Krogulska A. Anaphylaxis after consumption of pumpkin seeds in a 2-y-old child tolerant to its pulp: A case study. Nutrition 2021;89:111272. PubMed

See these in context on the Pumpkin monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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