Neem Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Hawaii Pharm
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Neem against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Neem is a dietary supplement by Hawaii Pharm with 1 active ingredient. Its ingredients are commonly taken for skin conditions, dental and gum health, antimicrobial and antiparasitic.Based on those ingredients, 1,013 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are certified organic Neem extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Neem by Hawaii Pharm
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Neem by Hawaii Pharm — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Neem by Hawaii Pharm
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
The stated purpose hasn't been mapped to our evidence data yet.
Why this rating?
- We haven't mapped this product's purpose to our evidence data yet — it'll be graded on the next content refresh.
Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 1 of its 1 active ingredient.
- No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.
The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.
Why this rating?
- 1 of the 1 matched ingredient can interact with medications — Neem.
- The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
- Some involve high-stakes drug classes: immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
- For scale: 1,014 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.
Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.
Why this rating?
- We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 1 of the 1 matched ingredient.
- Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 1 of 1.
- General safety write-ups exist for 1 of 1.
- Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.
HelloPharmacist summaryFully disclosed formula with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Assessment coverage: 1 of 1 active ingredient matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 23, 2020.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Neem, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Hawaii Pharm |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 650905463884 |
| Net contents | 4 Fluid Ounce(s); 120 mL |
| Market status | Off market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Oct 23, 2020 |
| DSLD ID | 237500 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Organic, Gluten Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Neem by Hawaii Pharm, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| certified organic Neem extract | 970 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Vegetable Palm Glycerin, pharmaceutical grade Alcohol, artesian Hawaiian purified Water
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
Hawaii Pharm Herbal Extract Highest quality since 2008
Made with Aloha!
Formulation
Contains no GMO, gluten, artificial colors, heavy metals, preservatives, pesticides, fertilizers.
Super concentrated liquid herbal extract. Dry herb/menstruum ratio: 1:3.
Manufactured in an FDA registered facility.
Non GMO Gluten free
Made in USA, Hawaii
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions for use: Shake well before using. Take about 20-30 drops (0.7-1 ml, one full squeeze of the dropper bulb) to 2-4 oz of juice or water up to 4 times per day.
Precautions
Warning: Keep out of the reach of children.
May have contraindications. We recommend to seek expert medical advice before taking.
Do not use if you are allergic to any ingredients.
Consult a physician before using during pregnancy, if nursing or taking any medications.
Do not use if seal is broken or missing.
Storage
Store in a cool dry place.
Formula
(Azadirachta indica)
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Dietary Supplement
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Seals/Symbols
FDA Registered Facility Made in United States of America USA
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Neem by Hawaii Pharm label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Neem by Hawaii Pharm
This is the 1 active ingredient this product is made of. Select it to open its full monograph.
Serving size0.7 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container120 Amounts shown are per serving.
Certified organic Neem extract
Interacts with1,013 drugs
Neem is a tree from India used for centuries in traditional medicine, especially for skin, dental, and antimicrobial purposes. Some small studies are...
Certified organic Neem extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Vegetable Palm Glycerin, Pharmaceutical grade Alcohol, Artesian Hawaiian purified Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Neem by Hawaii Pharm Drug Interactions
Neem contains a single active ingredient, and it has known interactions with 1,013 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against Neem?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Neem interact with 1,013 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
1 of the 1 ingredient in Neem interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. certified organic Neem extract
AlogliptinNesina
How Alogliptin interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Neem might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alogliptin interactionAlogliptin, MetforminKazano
How Alogliptin, Metformin interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Neem might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alogliptin, Metformin interactionAlogliptin, PioglitazoneOseni
How Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Neem might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alogliptin, Pioglitazone interactionAlpelisibPiqray
How Alpelisib interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alpelisib interactionAlprazolamNiravam, Xanax
How Alprazolam interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alprazolam interactionAlvimopanEntereg
How Alvimopan interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Alvimopan interactionAmbrisentanLetairis, Volibris
How Ambrisentan interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Ambrisentan interactionAmiodaroneCordarone, Pacerone
How Amiodarone interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amiodarone interactionAmitriptylineElavil
How Amitriptyline interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amitriptyline interactionAmitriptyline, ChlordiazepoxideLimbitrol DS
How Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amitriptyline, Chlordiazepoxide interactionAmitriptyline, PerphenazineEtrafon, Etrafon-A, Etrafon-Forte, Triavil
How Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amitriptyline, Perphenazine interactionAmlodipineNorliqva
How Amlodipine interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine interactionAmlodipine BenzoateKaterzia
How Amlodipine Benzoate interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine Benzoate interactionAmlodipine BesilateIstin
How Amlodipine Besilate interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine Besilate interactionAmlodipine BesylateNorvasc
How Amlodipine Besylate interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine Besylate interactionAmlodipine Besylate, BenazeprilLotrel
How Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine Besylate, Benazepril interactionAmlodipine, CelecoxibConsensi
How Amlodipine, Celecoxib interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amlodipine, Celecoxib interactionAmoxicillin, Omeprazole Magnesium, RifabutinTalicia
How Amoxicillin, Omeprazole Magnesium, Rifabutin interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amoxicillin, Omeprazole Magnesium, Rifabutin interactionAmphotericin, TetracyclineMysteclin-F
How Amphotericin, Tetracycline interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amphotericin, Tetracycline interactionAmprenavirAgenerase
How Amprenavir interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Amprenavir interactionAnagrelideAgrylin
How Anagrelide interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Anagrelide interactionAnifrolumab-fniaSaphnelo
How Anifrolumab-fnia interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Anifrolumab-fnia interactionAntidiabetes, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (dpp-iv) InhibitorGlyxambi
How Antidiabetes, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (dpp-iv) Inhibitor interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates, Antidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Antidiabetes, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (dpp-iv) Inhibitor interactionAntithymocyte GlobulinThymoglobulin
How Antithymocyte Globulin interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Antithymocyte Globulin interactionApalutamideErleada
How Apalutamide interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 2c8 (cyp2c8) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C8 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Apalutamide interactionApixabanEliquis
How Apixaban interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Apixaban interactionApomorphineAPO-go, APO-go Pen, APO-go PFS, Apokyn, Uprima
How Apomorphine interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Apomorphine interactionApomorphine HydrochlorideKynmobi
How Apomorphine Hydrochloride interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Apomorphine Hydrochloride interactionApremilastOtezla
How Apremilast interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Apremilast interactionAprepitantCinvanti, Emend
How Aprepitant interacts with Neem — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Certified Organic Neem ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Read the full Certified Organic Neem Extract + Aprepitant interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Neem with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
certified organic Neem extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Neem might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that neem can lower blood glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes, including those already taking metformin.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf extract inhibits CYP1A2 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C8 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP2C8 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP2C9 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, neem might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressants.
Animal research suggests that neem might have immunostimulant effects.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, neem leaf extract might increase the levels and clinical effects of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that neem leaf methanol extract inhibits renal P-glycoprotein transport activity. So far, this reaction has not been reported in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Neem, from the product label.
Hawaii Pharm
See all Hawaii Pharm products- Name
- Hawaii Pharm LLC
- City
- Honolulu
- State
- HI
- ZipCode
- 96815
- Web Address
- www.hawaiipharm.com
Neem by Hawaii Pharm: Common Questions
Does Neem by Hawaii Pharm interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Neem is safe with your meds?
Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.
Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Neem’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Sources & How We Checked
Neem's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 28 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Neem 28 references
- Sinniah D, Baskaran G. Margosa oil poisoning as a cause of Reye's syndrome. Lancet 1981;1:487-9. PubMed
- Sinniah D, Baskaran G, Looi LM, Leong KL. Reye-like syndrome due to margosa oil poisoning: report of a case with postmortem findings. Am J Gastroenterol 1982;77:158-61.
- Sinniah R, Sinniah D, Chia LS, Baskaran G. Animal model of margosa oil ingestion with Reye-like syndrome. Pathogenesis of microvesicular fatty liver. J Pathol 1989;159:255-64. PubMed
- Lai SM, Lim KW, Cheng HK. Margosa oil poisoning as a cause of toxic encephalopathy. Singapore Med J 1990;31:463-5.
- Biswas K, Chattopadhyay I, Banerjee RK, Bandyopadhyay U. Biological activities and medicinal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica). Curr Sci 2002;82:1336-45.
- Upadhyay SN, Dhawan S, Garg S, Talwar GP. Immunomodulatory effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) oil. Int J Immunopharmacol 1992;14:1187-93. PubMed
- Ibrahim IA, Khalid SA, Omer SA, Adam SE. On the toxicology of Azadirachta indica leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 1992;35:267-73. PubMed
- Ali BH. Toxicology of Azadirachta indica. J Ethnopharmacol 1994;42:71-2. PubMed
- Boeke SJ, Boersma MG, Alink GM, et al. Safety evaluation of neem (Azadirachta indica) derived pesticides. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;94:25-41. PubMed
- Abdel-Ghaffar, F. and Semmler, M. Efficacy of neem seed extract shampoo on head lice of naturally infected humans in Egypt. Parasitol.Res 2007;100(2):329-332. PubMed
- Reutemann, P. and Ehrlich, A. Neem oil: an herbal therapy for alopecia causes dermatitis. Dermatitis 2008;19(3):E12-E15.
- Senanayake, M. P., Rupasinghe, S., and Dissanayake, P. V. Margosa (Kohomba) oil induced toxic encephalopathy following home remedy for intestinal worms. Ceylon Med.J 2009;54(4):140. PubMed
- Bhaskar, M. V., Pramod, S. J., Jeevika, M. U., Chandan, P. K., and Shetteppa, G. MR imaging findings of neem oil poisoning. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010;31(7):E60-E61.
- Iyyadurai, R., Surekha, V., Sathyendra, S., Paul, Wilson B., and Gopinath, K. G. Azadirachtin poisoning: a case report. Clin Toxicol.(Phila) 2010;48(8):857-858. PubMed
- Sinniah, D., Sinniah, R., Baskaran, G., Pathmanathan, R., Yamashita, F., and Yoshino, M. Evaluation of the possible role of glucose, carnitine, coenzyme Q10 and steroids in the treatment of Reye's syndrome using the margosa oil animal model. Acta Paediat PubMed
- Balakrishnan, V., Pillai, N. R., and Santhakumari, G. Ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest due to neem leaf poisoning. J.Assoc.Physicians India 1986;34(7):536.
- Sivashanmugham, R., Bhaskar, N., and Banumathi, N. Ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest due to neem leaf poisoning. J.Assoc.Physicians India 1984;32(7):610-611.
- Mukherjee, S. and Talwar, G. P. Termination of pregnancy in rodents by oral administration of praneem, a purified neem seed extract. Am J Reprod.Immunol. 1996;35(1):51-56. PubMed
- Talwar, G. P., Pal, R., Singh, O., Garg, S., Taluja, V., Upadhyay, S. N., Gopalan, S., Jain, V., Kaur, J., and Sehgal, S. Safety of intrauterine administration of purified neem seed oil (Praneem Vilci) in women & effect of its co-administration with the
- Talwar, G. P., Shah, S., Mukherjee, S., and Chabra, R. Induced termination of pregnancy by purified extracts of Azadirachta Indica (Neem): mechanisms involved. Am J Reprod.Immunol. 1997;37(6):485-491. PubMed
- Greenblatt DT, Banerjee P, White JM. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by neem oil. Contact Dermatitis. 2012;67(4):242-3. PubMed
- Page C, Hawes EM. Haemolytic anaemia after ingestion of Neem (Azadirachta indica) tea. BMJ Case Rep. 2013. pii: bcr2013200890.
- Braidy N, Berg J, Clement J, et al. Role of nicotinamide dinucleotide and related precursors as therapeutic targets for age-related degenerative diseases: rationale, biochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and outcomes. Antiox Redox Signal 2018.
- Jadhav PB. Leucoderma on the lips induced by neem (Azadirachta indica): case series. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2018;43(8):943-6.
- Giuggioli D, Lumetti F, Spinella A, et al. Use of Neem oil and Hypericum perforatum for treatment of calcinosis-related skin ulcers in systemic sclerosis. J Int Med Res 2019:300060519882176. Online ahead of print.
- Pingali U, Ali MA, Gundagani S, Nutalapati C. Evaluation of the effect of an aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaves and twigs on glycemic control, endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus - a
- Amaeze O, Marques ES, Wei W, et al. Evaluation of Nigerian Medicinal Plants Extract on Human P-glycoprotein and Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Induction: Implications for Herb-drug Interaction. Curr Drug Metab. 2021;22(14):1103-1113. PubMed
- Amaeze O, Eng H, Horlbogen L, Varma MVS, Slitt A. Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Inhibition and Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Medicinal Plant Extracts Used for Management of Diabetes in Nigeria. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2021;46(3):437-450. PubMed
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