Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 3 of 4 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Pro-Cyan Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Bio-Kult

Pro-Cyan label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Pro-Cyan against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Pro-Cyan is a dietary supplement by Bio-Kult with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for eye and vision health, skin health and acne, immune support.Based on those ingredients, 1,043 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Cranberry Extract, Vitamin A, Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-35. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Partial disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Partial

Most active ingredients list an amount, but at least one is hidden in a blend or missing.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Cranberry Extract” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (508 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (43 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Pro-Cyan contains four active ingredients. Vitamin A is included to support eye health and immune function.

Cranberry Extract and Proanthocyanidins are compounds derived from cranberries, traditionally used for urinary tract health. Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum are live beneficial bacteria (probiotics) meant to support digestive and gut health.

The capsule itself is made from cellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, which are inactive ingredients that hold the formula together.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Urinary tract and digestive health with probiotics.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis, Lactose intolerance, Urinary tract infection, Bladder health, Immune support.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Bacterial vaginosis.
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Lactose intolerance, Urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Vitamin A in this product is effective for vitamin A deficiency and possibly effective for oral leukoplakia, aging skin, measles, ulcerative colitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome, Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis, though it was found possibly ineffective for atopic disease and has insufficient evidence for acute respiratory distress syndrome.

We don't have effectiveness data on file for cranberry extract or proanthocyanidins as individual ingredients, or for the proprietary Pro-Cyan blend itself.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin A Cranberry Lactobacillus Acidophilus

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 2 of the 2 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 2 of 2.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 2 of 2.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Vitamin A is generally well tolerated at recommended amounts, but high doses can be toxic because the body stores it. The safety data advises caution with high-dose vitamin A in pregnancy — recommended amounts are okay, but high doses can cause birth defects.

Lactobacillus acidophilus is generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children, though you should check with your doctor before use. Rare side effects from L. acidophilus exist but are uncommon; minor gastrointestinal effects like bloating, flatulence, or abdominal discomfort can occasionally occur when taking it with other probiotics.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin A Cranberry Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 2 of the 2 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Vitamin A.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs.
  • For scale: 520 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before you take Pro-Cyan, check with your pharmacist if you're on retinoids (acne drugs like isotretinoin, skin treatments), warfarin or other blood thinners, tetracycline antibiotics (like doxycycline), any drugs that can damage the liver, or antibiotics of any type. These are the medication types with documented interactions we can confirm.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glancePartially disclosed formula with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Pro-Cyan may be worth considering if you're looking to support urinary tract health with cranberry and gut health with probiotics, and you need vitamin A supplementation. If you take retinoids (acne or skin cancer drugs), blood thinners, tetracycline antibiotics, or drugs that stress the liver, you'll need to check with your pharmacist first.

If you're on antibiotics, space them a few hours apart from this product. Talk to your pharmacist before starting, especially if you're pregnant or take any prescriptions.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 2 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2023.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Pro-Cyan, straight from the product label.

Brand Bio-Kult
Net contents 45 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jan 23, 2023
DSLD ID 273919
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses Nutrient, All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
22
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin A320 mcg36%
Cranberry Extract508 mg--
Proanthocyanidins36 mg--
Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan43 mg--
Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-350 NP--
Lactobacillus plantarum PXN-470 NP--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

Advanced multi-action formulation Urinary tract

Non-GMO Gluten free

What is a probiotic? Probiotics are live, beneficial microorganisms that can positively affect your digestive and immune systems by maintaining the balance of good bacteria throughout your digestive tract.

Made in UK

2 protected probiotic strains - proven to survive the high acidity of stomach acid.

No artificial colors, flavors or preservatives.

Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan is a non-GMO product.

Formula

2 probiotic strains Cranberry extract (36 mg of PACs) Vitamin A

Why Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan? Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan is an advanced multi-action formulation suitable for women, men and children. The specifically selected probiotic strains and vitamin A support normal function of the immune system and the maintenance of mucous membranes such as those lining the urinary tract.

Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan is an advanced multi-action formulation suitable for women, men and children.

Strength: 500 million probiotic microorganisms (>5 x 10^8 CFU/capsule), equivalent to 1.2 billion probiotic microorganisms per gram (1.2 x 10 CFU/gram). Concentration of 500 million microorganisms per capsule throughout the shelf life.

Cranberry

Advanced multi-action formulation - 36mg of cranberry PACs per serving, dual live bacterial cultures and Vitamin A.

FDA Statement of Identity

Probiotic Supplement

Seals/Symbols

Vegetarian Society Approved

Precautions

Contains milk and soy.

Pregnancy: Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan has been formulated to be suitable for use during pregnancy, but we would always suggest consulting your doctor or healthcare practitioner before taking any dietary supplement.

If you are taking any medications or have any medical conditions, please consult your doctor before taking any dietary supplements.

Allergen advice: Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan contains soy and milk used in the fermentation process.

Dietary supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied diet and a healthy lifestyle.

Keep out of reach of children.

General Statements

Any questions? We are here to help. Call: 1.786.310.7233

Per two capsules Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan 45 capsules dietary supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions for use: Take 1-2 capsules once or twice daily with food.

Children under 12: Take half adult dose. Do not exceed recommended daily intake.

Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan capsules can be pulled apart and the contents sprinkled onto food, mixed with a drink or swallowed whole.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food & Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Protexin health care Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan, PXN and Protexin are registered trademarks of Probiotics International Limited (Protexin). All rights reserved.

Storage

Store in a cool dry place-out of direct sunlight.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Pro-Cyan label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container22 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin A

Interacts with
387 drugs
320 mcg per serving Form: Retinyl Acetate

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient important for vision, skin, immune function, and growth. Most people get enough from a balanced diet, and supplemen...

Vitamin A monograph & interactions

Cranberry Extract

Interacts with
712 drugs
508 mg per serving

Cranberry is best known for helping to prevent repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in some people, and the evidence here is moderate but mixed. I...

Cranberry Extract monograph & interactions
  • › Proanthocyanidins

Bio-Kult Pro-Cyan

43 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Pro-Cyan?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,043Drugs
9 Major 988 Moderate 46 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Cranberry Extract 712
Vitamin A 387
Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-35 182

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Pro-Cyan interact with 1,043 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 4 ingredients in Pro-Cyan interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Cranberry Extract Vitamin A Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-35

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Pro-Cyan with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Cranberry Extract6 drug types · 712 drugs

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Theoretically, cranberry might increase levels and adverse effects of atorvastatin.
In one case report, a patient taking atorvastatin experienced upper back pain, rhabdomyolysis, and abnormal liver function after drinking cranberry juice 16 ounces daily for 2 weeks. Theoretically, this may have been caused by inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes by cranberry juice, as atorvastatin is a CYP3A4 substrate. Creatinine kinase and liver enzymes normalized within 2 weeks of stopping cranberry juice. Patients taking atorvastatin should avoid large quantities of cranberry juice.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, cranberry might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
A case of upper back pain, rhabdomyolysis, and abnormal liver function has been reported for a patient taking atorvastatin, a CYP3A4 substrate, in combination with cranberry juice 16 ounces daily for 2 weeks. Creatinine kinase and liver enzymes normalized within 2 weeks of stopping cranberry juice. Also, animal research suggests that cranberry juice, administered intraduodenally 30 minutes prior to nifedipine, a CYP3A4 substrate, inhibits nifedipine metabolism and increases the area under the concentration-time curve by 1.6-fold compared to control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nifedipine (Procardia)

Theoretically, cranberry might increase the levels and adverse effects of nifedipine.
Animal research suggests that cranberry juice, administered intraduodenally 30 minutes prior to nifedipine treatment, inhibits nifedipine metabolism and increases the area under the concentration-time curve by 1.6-fold compared to control. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, cranberry might increase the levels and adverse effects of warfarin. However, research is conflicting.
There is contradictory evidence about the effect of cranberry juice on warfarin. Case reports have linked cranberry juice consumption to increases in the international normalized ratio (INR) in patients taking warfarin, resulting in severe spontaneous bleeding and excessive postoperative bleeding. Daily consumption of cranberry sauce for one week has also been linked to an increase in INR in one case report. In a small study in healthy young males, taking a high dose of 3 grams of cranberry juice concentrate capsules, equivalent to 57 grams of fruit daily, for 2 weeks produced a 30% increase in the area under the INR-time curve after a single 25-mg dose of warfarin. However, 3 very small clinical studies in patients stabilized on warfarin reported that cranberry juice 250 mL once or twice daily for 7 days (27% cranberry juice or pure cranberry juice) or 240 mL once daily for 14 days does not significantly increase INR or affect plasma warfarin levels. The reasons for these discrepant findings are unclear. It is possible that the form and dose of cranberry may play a role, as cranberry extracts and juices contain different constituents. Additionally, an in vitro study evaluating 5 different cranberry juices found varying effects, with only a cranberry concentrate, and not diluted cranberry juices, inhibiting CYP2C9. However, this concentrate did not inhibit CYP2C9 activity in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, cranberry might increase the levels and adverse effects of CYP2C9 substrates. However, research is conflicting.
There is contradictory evidence about the effect of cranberry on CYP2C9 enzymes. In vitro evidence suggests that flavonoids in cranberry inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. However, clinical research shows that cranberry juice does not significantly affect the levels, metabolism, or elimination of the CYP2C9 substrates flurbiprofen or diclofenac. Also, in patients stabilized on warfarin, drinking cranberry juice 250 mL daily for 7 days does not significantly increase the anticoagulant activity of warfarin, a CYP2C9 substrate. Additional pharmacokinetic research shows that cranberry juice does not increase peak plasma concentrations or area under the concentration-time curve of warfarin.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Others)

Theoretically, cranberry might modestly increase the levels and adverse effects of diclofenac.
In vitro evidence suggests that cranberry juice inhibits diclofenac metabolism by human liver microsomes. However, drinking cranberry juice does not seem to affect diclofenac metabolism in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Cranberry Extract full monograph & interactions

Vitamin A4 drug types · 387 drugs

Retinoids

Concomitant use of retinoids with vitamin A supplements might produce supratherapeutic vitamin A levels.
Retinoids, which are vitamin A derivatives, could have additive toxic effects when taken with vitamin A supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, taking high doses of vitamin A in combination with other potentially hepatotoxic drugs might increase the risk of liver disease.
The tolerable upper intake level (UL) is the highest level of intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Doses of vitamin A above the UL can cause hepatotoxicity, ranging from elevated liver enzymes to liver failure.

Likelihood Possible Evidence C
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Theoretically, taking tetracycline antibiotics with high doses of vitamin A can increase the risk of pseudotumor cerebri.
Benign intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) can occur with tetracyclines and with acute or chronic vitamin A toxicity. Case reports suggest that taking tetracyclines and vitamin A concurrently can increase the risk of this condition. Avoid high doses of vitamin A in people taking tetracyclines chronically.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, high doses of vitamin A could increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Vitamin A toxicity is associated with hemorrhage and hypoprothrombinemia, possibly due to vitamin K antagonism. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid doses of vitamin A above the tolerable upper intake level of 10,000 IU/day for adults.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Vitamin A full monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-351 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN-35 full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Pro-Cyan, from the product label.

Bio-Kult

See all Bio-Kult products
Name
Probiotics International Limited
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult: Common Questions

Does Pro-Cyan by Bio-Kult interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Pro-Cyan has a known interaction with 1,043 medications, including 9 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Pro-Cyan contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this while I'm pregnant?
Vitamin A at recommended amounts is likely safe in pregnancy, but the safety data shows that high doses can cause birth defects and should be avoided. We don't have pregnancy safety data on file for the other ingredients. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist about whether this product is right for you during pregnancy.
What is Lactobacillus acidophilus supposed to do?
Lactobacillus acidophilus is a beneficial bacteria that may help with irritable bowel syndrome, certain bacterial infections like Helicobacter pylori, diarrhea from antibiotics, and bacterial vaginosis. It's possibly effective for these uses based on the evidence we have.
Will this work if I'm on antibiotics?
Antibiotics can kill the live organisms in this probiotic, making it less effective. If you're taking antibiotics, separate your doses by a few hours — take the probiotic at a different time than your antibiotic — and ask your pharmacist about the best timing for your specific antibiotic.
Are there any side effects from the probiotics in this?
Side effects from Lactobacillus acidophilus are uncommon, but some people report mild gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating, gas, abdominal pain, or diarrhea, especially when taking it alongside other probiotics. These usually settle quickly. Serious side effects from the bacteria are very rare and mainly occur in people with weakened immune systems.
What's the difference between the active ingredients and the capsule itself?
The four active ingredients — vitamin A, cranberry extract, proanthocyanidins, and the two Lactobacillus strains — are what the product is meant to do. The capsule is made from cellulose and a plant-derived polymer; these are fillers and binders that help hold it together, not therapeutic ingredients.
Can I take this with my vitamin A prescription?
If your prescription is a retinoid (like Accutane, tretinoin, or adapalene), you should not combine it with this product without checking with your pharmacist first — the vitamin A in this product could cause dangerously high levels. Even if it's a different kind of vitamin A supplement, tell your pharmacist so they can review your total dose.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Pro-Cyan is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Pro-Cyan label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Pro-Cyan’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin A

Interacts with 387 drugs

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient important for vision, skin, immune function, and growth. Most people get enough from a balanced diet, and supplements are mainly useful for correcting a tr...

Read the full Vitamin A monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Cranberry

Interacts with 712 drugs

Cranberry is best known for helping to prevent repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in some people, and the evidence here is moderate but mixed. It is not a reliable treatment for an act...

Read the full Cranberry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Pro-Cyan's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 79 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin A 31 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Griffiths JK. The vitamin A paradox. J Pediatr 2000;137:604-7.. PubMed
  3. Hardman JG, Limbird LL, Molinoff PB, eds. Goodman and Gillman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1996.
  4. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
  5. FDA Talk Paper. Vitamin A and birth defects (T95-56). Food and Drug Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD. October 6, 1995.
  6. Russell RM. The vitamin A spectrum: from deficiency to toxicity. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:878-84. PubMed
  7. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  8. Feskanich D, Singh V, Willett WC, Colditz GA. Vitamin A intake and hip fractures among postmenopausal women. JAMA 2002;287:47-54. PubMed
  9. Melhus H, Michaelsson K, Kindmark A, et al. Excessive dietary intake of vitamin A is associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased risk for hip fracture. Ann Intern Med 1998;129:770-8. PubMed
  10. Michaelsson K, Lithell H, Vessby B, Melhus H. Serum retinol levels and the risk of fracture. N Engl J Med 2003;348:287-94.. PubMed
  11. Botterweck AA, van den Brandt PA, Goldbohm RA. Vitamins, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and the risk of gastric carcinoma: results from a prospective study after 6.3 years of follow-up. Cancer 2000;88:737-48.. DOI
  12. Meyskens FL Jr, Graham V, Chvapil M, et al. A phase I trial of beta-all-trans-retinoic acid delivered via a collagen sponge and a cervical cap for mild or moderate intraepithelial cervical neoplasia. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983;71:921-5..
  13. Hathcock JN, Hattan DG, Jenkins MY, et al. Evaluation of vitamin A toxicity. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;52:183-202.. PubMed
  14. Walters BN, Gubbay SS. Tetracycline and benign intracranial hypertension: report of five cases. Br Med J 1981;282:19-20.. PubMed
  15. Pearson MG, Littlewood SM, Bowden AN. Tetracycline and benign intracranial hypertension (letter). Br Med J 1981;282:568-9.. PubMed
  16. Azais-Braesco V, Pascal G. Vitamin A in pregnancy: requirements and safety limits. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1325S-33S. PubMed
  17. Smedts HP, de Vries JH, Rakhshandehroo M, et al. High maternal vitamin E intake by diet or supplements is associated with congenital heart defects in the offspring. BJOG 2009;116:416-23. PubMed
  18. Grotto, I., Mimouni, M., Gdalevich, M., and Mimouni, D. Vitamin A supplementation and childhood morbidity from diarrhea and respiratory infections: a meta-analysis. J Pediatr 2003;142(3):297-304. PubMed
  19. Mahalanabis, D., Lahiri, M., Paul, D., Gupta, S., Gupta, A., Wahed, M. A., and Khaled, M. A. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy of treatment with zinc or vitamin A in infants and young children with severe acute l
  20. Long, K. Z., Montoya, Y., Hertzmark, E., Santos, J. I., and Rosado, J. L. A double-blind, randomized, clinical trial of the effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infections in children in Mexico City, Mex
  21. Fritz, H., Kennedy, D., Fergusson, D., Fernandes, R., Doucette, S., Cooley, K., Seely, A., Sagar, S., Wong, R., and Seely, D. Vitamin A and retinoid derivatives for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta analysis. PLoS.One. 2011;6(6):e21107. PubMed
  22. Mayo-Wilson, E., Imdad, A., Herzer, K., Yakoob, M. Y., and Bhutta, Z. A. Vitamin A supplements for preventing mortality, illness, and blindness in children aged under 5: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2011;343:d5094. PubMed
  23. Mazumder S, Taneja S, Bhatia K, Yoshida S, Kaur J, Dube B, Toteja GS, Bahl R, Fontaine O, Martines J, Bhandari N; Neovita India Study Group. Efficacy of early neonatal supplementation with vitamin A to reduce mortality in infancy in Haryana, India (Neovit
  24. Baineni R, Gulati R, Delhi CK. Vitamin A toxicity presenting as bone pain. Arch Dis Child. 2017;102(6):556-8. PubMed
  25. Darlow BA, Graham PJ, Rojas-Reyes MX. Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(8):CD000501. PubMed
  26. Haider BA, Sharma R, Bhutta ZA. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in term neonates in low and middle income countries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;2:CD006980. PubMed
  27. Mohammad YM, Raslan IR, Al-Hussain FA. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Induced by Topical Application of Vitamin A. J Neuroophthalmol. 2016;36(4):412-3. PubMed
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  29. Ding Y, Hu P, Yang Y, et al. Impact of maternal daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the mother-infant pair: a randomised placebo-controlled trial in China. Nutrients 2021;13(7):2370. PubMed
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Cranberry 33 references
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  11. Mergenhagen KA, Sherman O. Elevated International Normalized Ratio after concurrent ingestion of cranberry sauce and warfarin. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2008;65:2113-6. PubMed
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Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
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  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
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  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
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  13. Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
  14. Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
  15. Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.

See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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