Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 8 of 24 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Probiotic 101 Billion Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Allegany Nutrition

Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Probiotic 101 Billion is a dietary supplement by Allegany Nutrition with 24 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestion and bloating, muscle soreness and exercise recovery, inflammation and swelling.Based on those ingredients, 308 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 2 of its 24 active ingredients.

Probiotic 101 Billion contains 24 active ingredients: multiple strains of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species), the beneficial yeast Saccharomyces boulardii, the probiotic-supporting bacteria Streptococcus thermophilus, digestive enzymes (protease, amylase, cellulase, invertase, glucoamylase, and hemicellulase), and the prebiotic fiber inulin (Frutafit). These live organisms and enzymes are designed to support your digestive system.

The product also contains inactive ingredients — the capsule itself (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), water, and rice extract.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Digestive health and gut microbiome balance.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection, Constipation, Diarrhea, Colic, Crohn disease — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Saccharomyces Boulardii is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Saccharomyces Boulardii is rated "Possibly Effective" for Rotaviral diarrhea, Travelers' diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection.
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The evidence for this product varies by ingredient. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Helicobacter pylori infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and bacterial vaginosis.

Bifidobacterium bifidum is possibly effective for IBS and respiratory tract infections. Saccharomyces boulardii is possibly effective for rotaviral diarrhea, travelers' diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Clostridioides difficile infection, and Helicobacter pylori.

Inulin (Frutafit) is possibly effective for weight management, constipation, and diabetes. However, many other conditions this product may be promoted for — such as anxiety, asthma, or cognitive decline — lack sufficient evidence in our data, and Streptococcus thermophilus has insufficient evidence for most conditions it's studied in.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 8 of the 8 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 8 of 8.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 8 of 8.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Probiotic 101 Billion is generally well tolerated in healthy adults. However, digestive side effects like bloating, flatulence, gas, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea occur in some users, especially when starting the product or taking higher doses of inulin.

Protease may rarely trigger allergic reactions or digestive upset. Live organisms in this product carry a rare but documented risk of serious infection (bacteremia or sepsis) in people who are critically ill, severely immunocompromised, or have central lines — discuss with your doctor if you fall into these groups.

Pregnancy: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum are rated possibly safe; Streptococcus thermophilus is possibly safe; inulin is likely safe. Protease safety has not been established in pregnancy — avoid unless prescribed.

Lactation: Data on protease, Saccharomyces boulardii, and Bifidobacterium breve during breastfeeding are limited — check with your doctor or pharmacist before use.

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 6 of the 8 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Saccharomyces Boulardii, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Inulin, Bifidobacterium Breve, Bifidobacterium Bifidum, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 308 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your doses of antibiotic drugs (Moderate) — separate them from this product by a few hours to protect the live cultures. If you take antifungal drugs (Minor), discuss timing with your pharmacist.

If you take antidiabetes drugs (Minor), monitor your blood sugar, as inulin may affect your glucose control.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This multi-strain probiotic with enzymes and prebiotic fiber may help with digestive health, IBS, or recovery from antibiotics — but timing matters if you take antibiotics or antifungals. If you're critically ill, have a weakened immune system, or take blood-sugar medications, talk to your pharmacist before starting.

Use the interaction checker for your exact medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 8 of 24 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 25, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Probiotic 101 Billion, straight from the product label.

Brand Allegany Nutrition
Barcode (UPC) 197644944682
Net contents 60 Delayed Release Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Mar 25, 2025
DSLD ID 321192
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
197644944682
IngredientAmount% DV
Amylase0 NP--
Protease0 NP--
Cellulase0 NP--
Invertase0 NP--
Lactobacillus acidophilus0 NP--
Lactobacillus salivarius0 NP--
Lactobacillus plantarum0 NP--
Bifidobacterium longum0 NP--
Bifidobacterium bifidum0 NP--
Lactobacillus paracasei0 NP--
Glucoamylase0 NP--
Hemicellulase0 NP--
Lactobacillus bulgaricus0 NP--
Lactobacillus casei0 NP--
Bifidobacterium animalis lactis0 NP--
Saccharomyces boulardii0 NP--
Streptococcus thermophilus0 NP--
Lactobacillus lactis0 NP--
Lactobacillus brevis0 NP--
Lactobacillus rhamnosus0 NP--
Bifidobacterium breve0 NP--
Lactobacillus fermentum0 NP--
Frutafit408 mg--
Ercolite Minerals10 mg--

Other ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Water, Rice extract

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested use: As a dietary supplement, adults take 2 capsules daily, on an empty stomach, or as directed by your health care professional.

Precautions

Warning: If you are under a physician's care or taking other medication, consult your healthcare professional before using this product. Consult with your doctor if you are pregnant, lactating, nursing, or have an existing ulcer.

Do not use if you have a blood coagulation disorder. Caution: Do not use if tamper seal is broken.

Keep out of reach of children.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place. Storage and handling conditions may vary and may affect the total amount of cultures delivered at consumption. Best if refrigerated.

Formula

16 Probiotic Strains with Enzymes & FOS

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

See for yourself

Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition

These are the 24 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Amylase

0 NP per serving

Protease

No known
interactions
0 NP per serving

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), tr...

Protease monograph & interactions

Cellulase

0 NP per serving

Invertase

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus acidophilus

Interacts with
182 drugs
0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy p...

Lactobacillus acidophilus monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus salivarius

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus plantarum

0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium longum

Interacts with
182 drugs
0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most...

Bifidobacterium longum monograph & interactions

Bifidobacterium bifidum

Interacts with
182 drugs
0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a 'friendly' bacteria (probiotic) that naturally lives in the human gut and is taken to support digestion and gut balance....

Bifidobacterium bifidum monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus paracasei

0 NP per serving

Glucoamylase

0 NP per serving

Hemicellulase

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus bulgaricus

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus casei

0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium animalis lactis

0 NP per serving

Saccharomyces boulardii

Interacts with
40 drugs
0 NP per serving

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea,...

Saccharomyces boulardii monograph & interactions

Streptococcus thermophilus

No known
interactions
0 NP per serving

Streptococcus thermophilus is a friendly bacterium used as a probiotic, often combined with other strains in yogurt and supplements. It is generally w...

Streptococcus thermophilus monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus lactis

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus brevis

0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus rhamnosus

0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium breve

Interacts with
182 drugs
0 NP per serving

Bifidobacterium breve is a 'friendly' gut bacterium taken as a probiotic, most often to support digestion and balance the gut microbiome. Some studies...

Bifidobacterium breve monograph & interactions

Lactobacillus fermentum

0 NP per serving

Frutafit

Interacts with
86 drugs
408 mg per serving Form: Inulin

Inulin is a type of plant fiber (a prebiotic) found naturally in foods like chicory root, onions, and garlic, and it is widely added to supplements an...

Frutafit monograph & interactions

Ercolite Minerals

10 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Water, Rice extract. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Probiotic 101 Billion?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
308Drugs
182 Moderate 126 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Probiotic 101 Billion with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Lactobacillus acidophilus1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Bifidobacterium longum1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium longum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. longum.
Since B. longum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. longum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Bifidobacterium bifidum1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium. bifidum with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. bifidum.
Since B. bifidum preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. bifidum preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Bifidobacterium breve1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Bifidobacterium breve with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. breve.
Since B. breve preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. breve preparations by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D

Frutafit1 drug type · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, inulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia with antidiabetes drugs.
Some clinical research shows that inulin improves glycemic control in patients with diabetes; however, it is unclear if it has hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D

Saccharomyces boulardii1 drug type · 40 drugs

Antifungals

Theoretically, taking antifungals with Saccharomyces boulardii might decrease the effectiveness of Saccharomyces boulardii.
S. boulardii is a live yeast. Therefore, simultaneously taking antifungals might kill a significant number of the organisms.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Probiotic 101 Billion, from the product label.

Allegany Nutrition

See all Allegany Nutrition products
Name
Allegany Nutrition
Street Address
P.O. Box 70
City
Allegany
State
NY
ZipCode
14706
Web Address
alleganynutrition.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition: Common Questions

Does Probiotic 101 Billion by Allegany Nutrition interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Probiotic 101 Billion has a known interaction with 308 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Probiotic 101 Billion contains 24 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this with my antibiotic?
Not at the same time. Several probiotic strains in this product are killed by antibiotics, which defeats their purpose. Take your antibiotic and this probiotic a few hours apart — ask your pharmacist for the best timing for your specific antibiotic.
What are all these different bacteria and yeasts for?
Each strain plays a role in digestive health. The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species are beneficial bacteria; Saccharomyces boulardii is a helpful yeast; and Streptococcus thermophilus supports fermentation. The enzymes (protease, amylase, and others) help break down food. Inulin feeds the good bacteria.
Is this safe to take while pregnant?
Most of the bacterial strains in this product are rated possibly safe during pregnancy. However, protease has not been well studied in pregnancy, so avoid it unless your doctor prescribes it. Talk to your OB or pharmacist before starting.
Will this make me bloated or gassy?
Yes, it may. Bloating, gas, and flatulence are common side effects, especially when you first start or if you take higher doses of inulin. These usually settle down as your body adjusts. Starting with a lower dose may help.
Does this actually work for IBS or constipation?
Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum are possibly effective for IBS based on our data. Inulin is possibly effective for constipation. However, 'possibly effective' means the evidence is promising but not definitive — results vary from person to person.
Is this safe if I'm immunocompromised?
You should check with your doctor first. Live probiotic organisms can rarely cause serious infections in people with very weak immune systems or those in intensive care. Your doctor knows your situation best and can advise whether this product is right for you.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Probiotic 101 Billion is safe with your meds?

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Probiotic 101 Billion label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Probiotic 101 Billion’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases)

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...

Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Longum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Bifidum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a 'friendly' bacteria (probiotic) that naturally lives in the human gut and is taken to support digestion and gut balance. Some evidence suggests probiotics may he...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Saccharomyces Boulardii

Interacts with 40 drugs

Saccharomyces boulardii is a beneficial yeast used as a probiotic, with the strongest evidence for preventing and treating certain types of diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea...

Read the full Saccharomyces Boulardii monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Streptococcus Thermophilus

Streptococcus thermophilus is a friendly bacterium used as a probiotic, often combined with other strains in yogurt and supplements. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people and may...

Read the full Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Breve

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium breve is a 'friendly' gut bacterium taken as a probiotic, most often to support digestion and balance the gut microbiome. Some studies suggest possible benefits for certain d...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Breve monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Inulin

Interacts with 86 drugs

Inulin is a type of plant fiber (a prebiotic) found naturally in foods like chicory root, onions, and garlic, and it is widely added to supplements and processed foods. It may help with regu...

Read the full Inulin monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Probiotic 101 Billion's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 119 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
  1. Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
  2. Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
  3. Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  6. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  7. Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Lu H, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea. Adv Ther. 2003;20(5):253-60.
  10. Rossi F, Amadoro C, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Lactobacilli infection case reports in the last three years and safety implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1178. PubMed
  11. Ozer M, Goksu SY, Shahverdiani A, Mustafa M. Lactobacillus acidophilus-induced endocarditis and associated splenic abscess. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020;2020:1382709.
  12. Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, et al. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis 2020;52(5):534-540. PubMed
  13. Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
  14. Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
  15. Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.

See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →

Bifidobacterium Longum 21 references
  1. Ha GY, Yang CH, Kim H, Chong Y. Case of sepsis caused by Bifidobacterium longum. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:1227-8.
  2. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  3. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  4. Rautava S, Kainonen E, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and breast-feeding reduces the risk of eczema in the infant. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(6):1355-60. PubMed
  5. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  6. Pellonperä O, Vahlberg T, Mokkala K, et al. Weight gain and body composition during pregnancy: a randomised pilot trial with probiotics and/or fish oil. Br J Nutr. 2020 Nov 4:1-11. PubMed
  7. Pellonperä O, Mokkala K, Houttu N, et al. Efficacy of fish oil and/or probiotic intervention on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an at-risk group of overweight and obese women: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial PubMed
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed
  10. Enomoto T, Sowa M, Nishimori K, et al. Effects of bifidobacterial supplementation to pregnant women and infants in the prevention of allergy development in infants and on fecal microbiota. Allergol Int 2014;63(4):575-85. PubMed
  11. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dear Healthcare Provider Letter: Warning Regarding Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants. September 2023. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/172606/download?attachment. Accessed November 1, 2023.
  12. Pillai A, Tan J, Paquette V, Panczuk J. Does probiotic bacteremia in premature infants impact clinically relevant outcomes? A case report and updated review of literature. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020;39:255-259. PubMed
  13. Sabaté JM, Iglicki F. Effect of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 on disease severity and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2022;28(7):732-744.
  14. Malaguarnera M, Greco F, Barone G, Gargante MP, Malaguarnera M, Toscano MA. Bifidobacterium longum with fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Dig Dis Sci 2007;52(11) PubMed
  15. Zbinden A, Zbinden R, Berger C, Arlettaz R. Case series of Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in three preterm infants on probiotic therapy. Neonatology 2015;107(1):56-9.
  16. Tamaki H, Nakase H, Inoue S, et al. Efficacy of probiotic treatment with Bifidobacterium longum 536 for induction of remission in active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Dig Endosc 2016;28(1):67-74.
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See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →

Bifidobacterium Bifidum 7 references
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See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph →

Saccharomyces Boulardii 26 references
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Streptococcus Thermophilus 21 references
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See these in context on the Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →

Bifidobacterium Breve 9 references
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  2. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  3. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
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See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Breve monograph →

Inulin 17 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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