Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

ProbioticXL Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Great HealthWorks

ProbioticXL label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 23, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking ProbioticXL against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

ProbioticXL is a dietary supplement by Great HealthWorks with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive health and balance, diarrhea (including antibiotic-related), vaginal yeast and bacterial infections.Based on those ingredients, 182 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Probiotic Proprietary Blend. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Sep 3, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 15 active ingredients.
  • “Probiotic Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.
  • “A Proprietary Blend of ClearPhage” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (15 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

ProbioticXL contains 15 active ingredients, mostly live probiotic bacteria — Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and several bacteriophage strains (the phage components). These are meant to support your gut flora.

The product also contains inactive ingredients: rice dextrin, rice bran, and medium chain triglycerides as filler and capsule material.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: optimal digestive and immune health.
  • We looked for evidence on: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Bacterial vaginosis, Clostridioides difficile infection, Common cold, Constipation, Diarrhea — and 4 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Lactobacillus Acidophilus is rated "Possibly Effective" for Bacterial vaginosis, Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • Also on file: Bifidobacterium Bifidum is rated "Possibly Effective" for Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

The evidence is mixed and often limited. Lactobacillus acidophilus is possibly effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), antibiotic-associated diarrhea, Helicobacter pylori infection, and bacterial vaginosis — but the data aren't conclusive.

Bifidobacterium bifidum is possibly effective for IBS and respiratory tract infections. Bacillus subtilis is possibly effective for antibiotic-associated diarrhea.

For most other claimed uses — allergic rhinitis, anxiety, cognitive decline, asthma, constipation, diabetes — the evidence we hold is insufficient to rate these probiotics as effective. Streptococcus thermophilus shows insufficient evidence for all the conditions listed.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bifidobacterium Longum Streptococcus Thermophilus Bacillus Subtilis

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

These probiotics are generally well tolerated in healthy adults and children, though gastrointestinal side effects like bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and mild diarrhea have been reported — though they're uncommon. There is a theoretical risk of serious infection (bacteremia, sepsis) from live organisms, especially in people with severely weakened immune systems, recent surgery, indwelling catheters, or critical illness; healthy people with intact immune systems appear to have very low risk.

Pregnancy: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, and Streptococcus thermophilus are rated possibly safe in pregnancy. Lactation data for most ingredients are not on file, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist about breastfeeding safety.

Bacillus subtilis has no pregnancy or lactation data available.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Lactobacillus Acidophilus Bifidobacterium Bifidum Bifidobacterium Longum Streptococcus Thermophilus Bacillus Subtilis

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Bifidobacterium Bifidum, Bifidobacterium Longum, Bacillus Subtilis.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • For scale: 182 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

If you take antibiotic drugs, separate them from this product — antibiotics can kill the live probiotics in the supplement and reduce its effectiveness. Ask your doctor or pharmacist how long to wait between doses.

If you're on any other prescription medication, use the checker below to confirm there are no documented interactions before starting ProbioticXL.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

ProbioticXL may help with IBS, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and a few other digestive or immune issues if the evidence holds up for you, but the science is still evolving for most claims. The main thing to watch is timing with antibiotics — separate them by several hours.

If you have a severely weakened immune system, recent surgery, or a central line catheter, talk with your doctor first. Check your exact medications with the tool on this page, then discuss the result with your doctor or pharmacist before you start.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 15 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 26, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about ProbioticXL, straight from the product label.

Brand Great HealthWorks
Barcode (UPC) 868663000054
Net contents 60 Veggie Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 26, 2020
DSLD ID 239684
Product type Non-nutrient/non-botanical
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating), Gluten Free, Dairy Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
868663000054
IngredientAmount% DV
Lactobacillus plantarum0 NP--
Lactobacillus rhamnosus0 NP--
Lactobacillus brevis0 NP--
Lactobacillus acidophilus0 NP--
Bifidobacterium animalis lactis0 NP--
Lactobacillus salivarius0 NP--
Lactobacillus casei0 NP--
Bifidobacterium bifidum0 NP--
Bifidobacterium longum0 NP--
Streptococcus thermophilus0 NP--
Bacillus subtilis0 NP--
Probiotic Proprietary Blend0 NP--
LH01-Myoviridae0 NP--
LL5-Siphoviridae0 NP--
T4D-Myoviridae0 NP--
LL12-Myoviridae0 NP--
A Proprietary Blend of ClearPhage15 mg--

Other ingredients: Rice Dextrin, Rice Bran, Capsule, Medium Chain Triglycerides

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Questions? Re-orders? 1-800-781-0874 GreatHealthWorks.com

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: As a dietary supplement, take two (2) capsules daily, preferably with food.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Warning: Consult a licensed health care professional before taking any supplement. Discontinue immediately if any side effects occur. Do not use if safety seal is broken or missing.

Do not use if you are pregnant or nursing.

Contains: soy

Storage

Refrigerate or store product in a cool dry place.

Brand IP Statement(s)

Copyright 2017

Formulation

A Unique triple action probiotic blend for optimal digestive & immune health Physician formulated

Free of milk and milk by-products, wheat, egg and egg by-products, peanuts/oil, tree nuts, fish, and gluten.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

ProbioticXL label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Probiotic Proprietary Blend

Interacts with
182 drugs
0 NP per serving

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy p...

Probiotic Proprietary Blend monograph & interactions

A Proprietary Blend of ClearPhage

15 mg per serving
  • › LH01-Myoviridae
  • › LL5-Siphoviridae
  • › T4D-Myoviridae
  • › LL12-Myoviridae

Other (inactive) ingredients: Rice Dextrin, Rice Bran, Capsule, Medium Chain Triglycerides. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against ProbioticXL?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
182Drugs
182 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Probiotic Proprietary Blend 182

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in ProbioticXL interact with 182 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

1 of the 5 ingredients in ProbioticXL interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Probiotic Proprietary Blend

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in ProbioticXL with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Probiotic Proprietary Blend1 drug type · 182 drugs

Antibiotic Drugs

Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Probiotic Proprietary Blend full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for ProbioticXL, from the product label.

Great HealthWorks

See all Great HealthWorks products
Name
Great HealthWorks, Inc.
Street Address
4150 SW 28th Way
City
Fort Lauderdale
State
FL
ZipCode
33312
Phone Number
1-800-781-0874
Web Address
GreatHealthWorks.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks: Common Questions

Does ProbioticXL by Great HealthWorks interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, ProbioticXL has a known interaction with 182 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
ProbioticXL contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this probiotic while I'm on antibiotics?
Not at the same time. Since antibiotics kill bacteria — including the live organisms in this supplement — they'll reduce how well the probiotic works. Separate your doses by several hours. Ask your doctor or pharmacist exactly how long to wait based on which antibiotic you're taking.
Is this safe if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Most of the bacterial strains in this product are rated possibly safe in pregnancy. However, lactation data for most ingredients aren't on file, and Bacillus subtilis has no pregnancy or lactation information available. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking it while pregnant or breastfeeding — they can weigh the benefits for your situation.
What side effects might I experience?
Bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and mild diarrhea are the most commonly reported side effects, but they're uncommon. A rash with itching has been reported in one trial, though it's unclear if the probiotics caused it. If you have a seriously weakened immune system, there's a rare risk of serious infection — talk with your doctor first.
Will this actually help my IBS?
Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum — both in this product — are possibly effective for IBS, meaning the evidence suggests they might help, but it's not conclusive. Results vary from person to person. Give it time and monitor how you feel; if you're not seeing improvement after a few weeks, discuss it with your doctor.
What are the phage components in this formula?
The product includes bacteriophage strains (LH01-Myoviridae, LL5-Siphoviridae, T4D-Myoviridae, LL12-Myoviridae) — these are viruses that infect bacteria. We hold no interaction data on these components, so we can't check how they interact with medications.
Does this product contain fillers or anything else besides the active probiotics?
Yes. Besides the active probiotic strains, it contains rice dextrin, rice bran, medium chain triglycerides, and a capsule as inactive ingredients to hold the product together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if ProbioticXL is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

ProbioticXL label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind ProbioticXL’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Lactobacillus Acidophilus

Interacts with 182 drugs

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a 'friendly' bacterium used as a probiotic to support gut and vaginal health. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people, and there is reasonable evidence...

Read the full Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Bifidum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium bifidum is a 'friendly' bacteria (probiotic) that naturally lives in the human gut and is taken to support digestion and gut balance. Some evidence suggests probiotics may he...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bifidobacterium Longum

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bifidobacterium longum is a 'friendly' bacterium found naturally in the human gut and used as a probiotic. It is generally well tolerated and is most studied for digestive issues, though evi...

Read the full Bifidobacterium Longum monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Streptococcus Thermophilus

Streptococcus thermophilus is a friendly bacterium used as a probiotic, often combined with other strains in yogurt and supplements. It is generally well tolerated in healthy people and may...

Read the full Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bacillus Subtilis

Interacts with 182 drugs

Bacillus subtilis is a spore-forming probiotic bacterium found in soil and some fermented foods, and it is used mainly to support gut health and digestion. Early research is promising for ce...

Read the full Bacillus Subtilis monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

ProbioticXL's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 74 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Lactobacillus Acidophilus 15 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Begtrup LM, de Muckadell OB, Kjeldsen J, Christensen RD, Jarbøl DE. Long-term treatment with probiotics in primary care patients with irritable bowel syndrome--a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Scand J Gastroenterol 2013;48(10):1127-35 PubMed
  3. Chatterjee S, Kar P, Das T, Ray S, Gangulyt S, Rajendiran C, Mitra M. Randomised placebo-controlled double blind multicentric trial on efficacy and safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and Bifidobacterium BB-12 for prevention of antibiotic-associated
  4. Shavakhi A, Tabesh E, Yaghoutkar A, Hashemi H, Tabesh F, Khodadoostan M,Minakari M, Shavakhi S, Gholamrezaei A. The effects of multistrain probiotic compound on bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized placebo-c
  5. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  6. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  7. Kumar S, Kumar R, Rohilla L, Jacob N, Yadav J, Sachdeva N. A high potency multi-strain probiotic improves glycemic control in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Pediatr Diabete
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Xiao SD, Zhang DZ, Lu H, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial of heat-killed Lactobacillus acidophilus LB in patients with chronic diarrhea. Adv Ther. 2003;20(5):253-60.
  10. Rossi F, Amadoro C, Gasperi M, Colavita G. Lactobacilli infection case reports in the last three years and safety implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(6):1178. PubMed
  11. Ozer M, Goksu SY, Shahverdiani A, Mustafa M. Lactobacillus acidophilus-induced endocarditis and associated splenic abscess. Case Rep Infect Dis 2020;2020:1382709.
  12. Sadrin S, Sennoune S, Gout B, et al. A 2-strain mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Dig Liver Dis 2020;52(5):534-540. PubMed
  13. Stoffer JN, Slingsby TJ, Giuliari GP. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis after intravitreal bevacizumab injection requiring intraocular lens explantation. Can J Ophthalmol 2022;57(1):e21-e22. PubMed
  14. Cukovic-Cavka S, Likic R, Francetic I, Rustemovic N, Opacic M, Vucelic B. Lactobacillus acidophilus as a cause of liver abscess in a NOD2/CARD15-positive patient with Crohn's disease. Digestion 2006;73(2-3):107-10.
  15. Hui J, Ren Y, Wang Y, Han Q. Lactobacillus acidophilus endophthalmitis postcataract operation: A case report with a literature review. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023.

See these in context on the Lactobacillus Acidophilus monograph →

Bifidobacterium Bifidum 7 references
  1. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  2. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  3. Rerksuppaphol S, Rerksuppaphol L. Randomized controlled trial of probiotics to reduce common cold in schoolchildren. Pediatr Int. 2012;54(5):682-7. PubMed
  4. Karamali M, Dadkhah F, Sadrkhanlou M, et al. Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycaemic control and lipid profiles in gestational diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Metab 2016;42(4):234-41. PubMed
  5. Badehnoosh B, Karamali M, Zarrati M, et al. The effects of probiotic supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 May;31(9):1128-1136.
  6. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  7. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed

See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Bifidum monograph →

Bifidobacterium Longum 21 references
  1. Ha GY, Yang CH, Kim H, Chong Y. Case of sepsis caused by Bifidobacterium longum. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:1227-8.
  2. Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
  3. Xiao JZ, Takahashi S, Odamaki T, et al. Antibiotic susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains distributed in the Japanese market. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2010;74(2):336-42. PubMed
  4. Rautava S, Kainonen E, Salminen S, Isolauri E. Maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and breast-feeding reduces the risk of eczema in the infant. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(6):1355-60. PubMed
  5. Pruccoli G, Silvestro E, Pace Napoleone C, Aidala E, Garazzino S, Scolfaro C. Are probiotics safe? Bifidobacterium bacteremia in a child with severe heart failure. Infez Med. 2019;27(2):175-178.
  6. Pellonperä O, Vahlberg T, Mokkala K, et al. Weight gain and body composition during pregnancy: a randomised pilot trial with probiotics and/or fish oil. Br J Nutr. 2020 Nov 4:1-11. PubMed
  7. Pellonperä O, Mokkala K, Houttu N, et al. Efficacy of fish oil and/or probiotic intervention on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an at-risk group of overweight and obese women: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial PubMed
  8. Shahriari A, Karimi E, Shahriari M, Aslani N, Khooshideh M, Arab A. The effect of probiotic supplementation on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus among high-risk pregnant women: A parallel double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial PubMed
  9. Esaiassen E, Hjerde E, Cavanagh JP, Simonsen GS, Klingenberg C; Norwegian Study Group on Invasive Bifidobacterial Infections. Bifidobacterium bacteremia: Clinical characteristics and a genomic approach to assess pathogenicity. J Clin Microbiol. 2017;55(7) PubMed
  10. Enomoto T, Sowa M, Nishimori K, et al. Effects of bifidobacterial supplementation to pregnant women and infants in the prevention of allergy development in infants and on fecal microbiota. Allergol Int 2014;63(4):575-85. PubMed
  11. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dear Healthcare Provider Letter: Warning Regarding Use of Probiotics in Preterm Infants. September 2023. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/172606/download?attachment. Accessed November 1, 2023.
  12. Pillai A, Tan J, Paquette V, Panczuk J. Does probiotic bacteremia in premature infants impact clinically relevant outcomes? A case report and updated review of literature. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020;39:255-259. PubMed
  13. Sabaté JM, Iglicki F. Effect of Bifidobacterium longum 35624 on disease severity and quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2022;28(7):732-744.
  14. Malaguarnera M, Greco F, Barone G, Gargante MP, Malaguarnera M, Toscano MA. Bifidobacterium longum with fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) treatment in minimal hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Dig Dis Sci 2007;52(11) PubMed
  15. Zbinden A, Zbinden R, Berger C, Arlettaz R. Case series of Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in three preterm infants on probiotic therapy. Neonatology 2015;107(1):56-9.
  16. Tamaki H, Nakase H, Inoue S, et al. Efficacy of probiotic treatment with Bifidobacterium longum 536 for induction of remission in active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Dig Endosc 2016;28(1):67-74.
  17. Bertelli C, Pillonel T, Torregrossa A, et al. Bifidobacterium longum bacteremia in preterm infants receiving probiotics. Clin Infect Dis 2015;60(6):924-7. PubMed
  18. Esaiassen E, Cavanagh P, Hjerde E, Simonsen GS, Støen R, Klingenberg C. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis bacteremia in 3 extremely preterm infants receiving probiotics. Emerg Infect Dis 2016;22(9):1664-6.
  19. Tena D, Losa C, Medina MJ, Sáez-Nieto JA. Peritonitis caused by Bifidobacterium longum: case report and literature review. Anaerobe 2014;27:27-30. PubMed
  20. Sangkanjanavanich S, Pradubpongsa P, Mitthamsiri W, Sangasapaviliya A, Boonpiyathad T. Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 efficacy in patients with uncontrolled asthma: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022;129(6):790-792. PubMed
  21. Wilson HL, Ong CW. Bifidobacterium longum vertebrodiscitis in a patient with cirrhosis and prostate cancer. Anaerobe 2017;47:47-50. PubMed

See these in context on the Bifidobacterium Longum monograph →

Streptococcus Thermophilus 21 references
  1. Saxelin M, Chuang NH, Chassy B, et al. Lactobacilli and bacteremia in southern Finland 1989-1992. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:564-6. PubMed
  2. Tynkkynen S, Singh KV, Varmanen P. Vancomycin resistance factor of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in relation to enterococcal vancomycin resistance (van) genes. Int J Food Microbiol 1998;41:195-204. PubMed
  3. Klein G, Zill E, Schindler R, et al. Peritonitis associated with vancomycin-resistant Lactobacillus rhamnosus in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient; organism identification, antibiotic therapy, and case report. J Clin Microbiol 1998;36:
  4. Kalima P, Masterton RG, Roddie PH, et al. Lactobacillus rhamnosus infection in a child following bone marrow transplant. J Infect 1996;32:165-7. PubMed
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See these in context on the Streptococcus Thermophilus monograph →

Bacillus Subtilis 10 references
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See these in context on the Bacillus Subtilis monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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