Drug & supplement interaction

Passion Flower + Buprenorphine Hydrochloride

Buprenorphine Hydrochloride brand names: Belbuca, Probuphine.

Moderate Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated September 2026
The bottom line Moderate

Buprenorphine Hydrochloride falls into 2 drug categories that Passion Flower can interact with; the most serious is rated moderate. Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
Interactions2
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Passion Flower and Buprenorphine Hydrochloride

These two interact in 2 distinct ways. Each one is explained separately below.

Why Are There 2 Interactions?

Passion Flower interacts with whole categories of medication. Buprenorphine Hydrochloride falls into 2 of those categories, so it can interact with Passion Flower in 2 different ways. We’ve listed each one below — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them (Moderate).

Moderate

CNS DEPRESSANTS

1 of 2

Why this applies to Buprenorphine Hydrochloride

Buprenorphine Hydrochloride falls under CNS DEPRESSANTS — the group Passion Flower interacts with.

Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the simple version: passion flower has a mild calming effect of its own, likely by nudging up GABA activity in the brain. Buprenorphine (Belbuca) is a strong opioid pain medicine that already slows down the brain and nervous system. Stack a calming herb on top of a sedating opioid and the two effects can add together, leaving you more drowsy, foggy, dizzy, or lightheaded than you'd expect.

To be fair, this concern is mostly theoretical, based on how passion flower behaves rather than strong human studies with buprenorphine specifically. Still, with an opioid, extra sedation is worth respecting. Don't change anything on your own, but do mention the passion flower to your pharmacist or doctor so they can weigh in for your situation.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, Shayeganpour A, et al. Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001;26:363-7. PubMed
  2. Speroni E., Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Med. 1988;54:488-91.
  3. Capasso A., Sorrentino L. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomedicine. 2005;12:39-45. PubMed
  4. Carrasco MC, Vallejo JR, Pardo-de-Santayana M, et al. Interactions of Valeriana officinalis L. and Passiflora incarnata L. in a patient treated with lorazepam. Phytother Res. 2009 Dec;23:1795-6.
  5. Soulimani, R., Younos, C., Jarmouni, S., Bousta, D., Misslin, R., and Mortier, F. Behavioural effects of Passiflora incarnata L. and its indole alkaloid and flavonoid derivatives and maltol in the mouse. J Ethnopharmacol. 1997;57(1):11-20. PubMed
  6. da Cunha RS, Amorim KS, Gercina AC, et al. Herbal medicines as anxiolytics prior to third molar surgical extraction. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig. 2020. PubMed
Minor

CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES

2 of 2

Buprenorphine Hydrochloride also falls under CYTOCHROME P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) SUBSTRATES.

Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.
Severity Minor Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Your body uses a liver enzyme called CYP3A4 to help clear buprenorphine. In test-tube studies, passion flower seems to gently speed up that enzyme, which in theory could clear buprenorphine a little faster and make it slightly less effective for pain. Buprenorphine is the active drug itself (not a prodrug), so faster clearance points toward a touch less pain relief, not more.

Honestly, this is a very weak, theoretical concern. It comes only from lab data, the rating is minor, and the effect was far smaller than known enzyme-boosters like rifampin. Most people won't notice anything. Still, there's a separate point worth raising: both can be calming, so combining them may add to drowsiness. Please check with your pharmacist or doctor before pairing them.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Mazzari ALDA, Lacerda MG, Milton FA, et al. In vitro effects of European and Latin-American medicinal plants in CYP3A4 gene expression, glutathione levels, and P-glycoprotein activity. Front Pharmacol 2022;13:826395. PubMed

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Passion Flower Also Interacts With Other Medications

Passion Flower has 247 moderate, 588 minor known drug interactions in our database — the Buprenorphine Hydrochloride one above is among them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Moderate 247 Minor 588 No known interaction 1,995 (incl. Buprenorphine Hydrochloride)
Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Passion Flower

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Passion Flower. Pick one to open its full report.

From our Q&A

Questions About Passion Flower or Buprenorphine Hydrochloride

These are real questions from readers, answered by the pharmacists at HelloPharmacist — written by a person, not generated from a database. Each one covers Passion Flower or Buprenorphine Hydrochloride, not necessarily both, but if one is close to what you were about to ask it will usually go further than a database entry can:

Not quite your question? Ask our pharmacists directly — it is free, there is no account required, and answers usually come back within 24 hours.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Buprenorphine Hydrochloride

This page covers Passion Flower only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Buprenorphine Hydrochloride page lists 182 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: 1,4-butanediol (major), Beer (major), Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (ghb) (major), Grapefruit (major) and Kava (major).

By severity: 8 major · 144 moderate · 30 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Buprenorphine Hydrochloride page

“Buprenorphine (Belbuca, Probuphine) is an opioid used for chronic pain and for opioid dependence, and the interactions collected here deserve genuine vigilance; 8 of the 182 ingredients rate major. The list splits mostly two ways.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Buprenorphine Hydrochloride interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Passion Flower as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 2,129 real supplement products containing Passion Flower, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Passion Flower. Your product may carry other ingredients that interact with Buprenorphine Hydrochloride too, on top of Passion Flower — and those would not show on this page. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Passion Flower and Buprenorphine Hydrochloride Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Passion Flower
Top 10%

#97 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Buprenorphine Hydrochloride
Steady interest

#1,975 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Passion Flower

What is Passion Flower?

Passion Flower
  • Anxiety and stress
  • Trouble sleeping
  • Restlessness
  • Mild nervous tension
  • Muscle tension

Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restlessness, but the evidence is limited and more research is needed. It is generally well tolerated short-term, but should be avoided in pregnancy and discussed with your pharmacist or doctor first.

Read the full Passion Flower monograph & all interactions
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Passion Flower

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Passion Flower — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
247Moderate
588Minor
1,994No known interaction
247 Moderate 588 Minor 1,994 No interaction
Moderate

247 interactions

Showing 60 of 247 moderate interactions — see all 247 on the Passion Flower page.

Minor

588 interactions

Showing 60 of 588 minor interactions — see all 588 on the Passion Flower page.

No interaction 1,994 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Passion Flower against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 1,994 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Passion Flower list.

See the full Passion Flower interactions page
See every supplement checked against Buprenorphine Hydrochloride, ranked by severity
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Keep exploring
Passion Flower monograph › Uses, safety, and every drug interaction in one place Buprenorphine Hydrochloride supplement interactions › Every supplement checked against Buprenorphine Hydrochloride, ranked by severity Supplement interaction checker › Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z › Every drug we've checked against herbs & supplements Ask a pharmacist › Free, personal answer from our licensed team
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Passion Flower and Buprenorphine Hydrochloride Together: Common Questions

Can you take Passion Flower with Buprenorphine Hydrochloride?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
Why are there 2 interactions listed for Passion Flower and Buprenorphine Hydrochloride?
Buprenorphine Hydrochloride belongs to more than one drug category, and Passion Flower interacts with each of those categories a little differently. We list every one so nothing is missed — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them.
How serious is the Passion Flower and Buprenorphine Hydrochloride interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Still Have a Question About Buprenorphine Hydrochloride and Passion Flower?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.