Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 6 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

DDR Prime Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by doTERRA

Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

DDR Prime is a dietary supplement by doTERRA with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for vitamin c source, digestive upset, stress and relaxation (aromatherapy).Based on those ingredients, 1,288 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove bud Oil, Frankincense Resin Oil, Lemongrass Leaf Oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of DDR Prime by doTERRA

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • “DDR Prime Cellular Complex” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (60 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

DDR Prime is a liquid formula with 8 ingredients. The active components include essential oils from clove bud, Niaouli (a native Australian tree), frankincense resin, thyme leaf, summer savory plant, and lemongrass leaf, along with wild orange peel oil and a proprietary blend called DDR Prime Cellular Complex.

There are no inactive ingredients listed.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Cellular complex essential oil supplement.
  • We looked for evidence on: Abdominal pain, Bronchitis, Common cold, Cough, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Boswellia Serrata is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Diarrhea (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Clove is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Cough, Diarrhea, Dyspepsia, Flatulence, and more.

The evidence for DDR Prime's active ingredients is limited. Clove has been rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia (a serious lung infection in hospitalized patients on breathing machines), but there's insufficient evidence for cough, acute pain, and digestive upset.

Frankincense, thyme, summer savory, and lemongrass have all been studied for various conditions — acne, aging skin, bronchitis, headache, common cold, cough, diabetes, epilepsy, and fatigue — but the evidence isn't established in our data. The product's overall effectiveness for its intended purpose isn't documented in the facts we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Orange Clove Boswellia Serrata Thyme Summer Savory Lemongrass

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 6 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Clove oil is well tolerated as a food spice, but concentrated clove oil and supplements can be irritating or toxic in large amounts; even small doses (5–10 mL) can be toxic in children. The most common side effects when applied topically include burning, contact dermatitis, itching, and mouth irritation.

Rare oral toxicity includes liver failure. Frankincense essential oil seems well tolerated short-term when used topically or inhaled, though quality and dosing vary widely.

Topical side effects are rare but include dermatitis and itching. Thyme in food amounts is safe, but concentrated essential oil can be toxic if swallowed; topical use may cause contact dermatitis and skin irritation.

Summer savory as a food seasoning is likely safe, but medicinal amounts and the essential oil are not well studied, and the data doesn't support using it while pregnant. Lemongrass is likely safe in food amounts, but concentrated extracts and essential oil have less safety data.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Sweet Orange Clove Boswellia Serrata Thyme Summer Savory Lemongrass

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 6 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Boswellia Serrata, Clove, Summer Savory, Lemongrass, Thyme, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,289 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check your medications against these types before taking DDR Prime: antidiabetes drugs (from clove — moderate risk of low blood sugar), blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (from clove, thyme, and summer savory — moderate risk of increased bleeding), drugs metabolized by the liver enzymes CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9 (from clove — moderate risk of raised drug levels), estrogen replacement (from thyme — moderate risk of reduced estrogen effects), anticholinergic and cholinergic drugs (from thyme — moderate risk of reduced or increased effects), glucuronidated drugs (from lemongrass — moderate risk of lowered drug levels), and pentobarbital sedatives (from lemongrass — moderate risk of increased sedation).

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

DDR Prime is a multi-ingredient essential oil blend best suited for people not taking diabetes medications, blood thinners, or drugs processed by the liver. If you're on any prescription medications—especially for blood sugar, bleeding, estrogen, brain function, or sleep—check your exact drugs with the tool on this page before starting.

Talk to your pharmacist if you're pregnant, nursing, or giving this to a child.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 6 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 16, 2022.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about DDR Prime, straight from the product label.

Brand doTERRA
Net contents 15 mL; 0.5 fl. Oz.
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 16, 2022
DSLD ID 267627
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for DDR Prime by doTERRA, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
4 Drop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
4 Drop(s)
Servings per container
63
IngredientAmount% DV
wild Orange peel Oil0 NP--
Clove bud Oil0 NP--
Niaouli (Melaleuca quinquenervia) leaf Oil0 NP--
DDR Prime Cellular Complex60 mg--
Frankincense Resin Oil0 NP--
Litsea Fruit Oil0 NP--
Thyme Leaf Oil0 NP--
Summer Savory Plant Oil0 NP--
Lemongrass Leaf Oil0 NP--

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

For aromatic or topical use. Diffuse aromatically or, to apply topically, dilute with a carrier oil to minimize skin sensitivity.

Directions for use: Take four (4) drops, two (2) times per day with food.

Precautions

Caution: Possible skin sensitivity.

Keep out of reach of children.

If pregnant or under a doctor's care, consult your physician.

Avoid contact with eyes, inner ears, and sensitive areas. Avoid sunlight or UV rays for 12 hours after applying product.

Formulation

Cellular Complex

FDA Statement of Identity

Essential Oil Supplement

Seals/Symbols

CPTG Certified Pure Tested Grade

See for yourself

DDR Prime by doTERRA label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in DDR Prime by doTERRA

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size4 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container63 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

DDR Prime Cellular Complex

60 mg per serving
Interaction report

DDR Prime by doTERRA Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against DDR Prime?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,288Drugs
48 Major 1,240 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in DDR Prime with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Clove bud Oil7 drug types · 977 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)

Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Frankincense Resin Oil6 drug types · 952 drugs

Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2C19 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2C9 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase the levels of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might increase or decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata gum resin inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. Other in vitro research shows that Boswellia serrata extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes at most concentrations, although it may modestly induce enzyme activity at low concentrations.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, Boswellia serrata might alter the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Some in vitro research suggests that Boswellia serrata extracts might inhibit mediators of autoimmune disorders such as leukotrienes and reduce production of antibodies and cell-mediated immunity. However, other in vitro research suggests that, when coupled with calcium ions, boswellic acids containing the keto group have immunostimulant properties within specific cell signaling pathways.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Lemongrass Leaf Oil3 drug types · 708 drugs

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, lemongrass might decrease the metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
Animal research shows that lemongrass and its constituent citral inhibit CYP3A4.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Glucuronidated Drugs

Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the clearance and decrease the levels of glucuronidated drugs.
Animal research shows that lemongrass and its constituent citral induce uridine diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase (UGT), the major phase 2 enzyme that is responsible for glucuronidation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)

Theoretically, lemongrass might increase the effects and adverse effects of pentobarbital.
Animal research shows that high doses of lemongrass essential oil increases sleep time and decreases time to fall asleep in animals administered pentobarbital.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Thyme Leaf Oil4 drug types · 379 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

wild Orange peel Oil7 drug types · 246 drugs

Celiprolol (Celicard)

Consuming sweet orange with celiprolol can decrease oral absorption of celiprolol.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that celiprolol levels, after a single dose of 100 mg, are decreased by up to 90% in people who drink sweet orange juice 200 mL three times daily. It's not known if lower consumption of sweet orange juice will have the same effect. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Ivermectin (Stromectol, Others)

Consuming sweet orange juice with ivermectin can decrease the oral absorption of ivermectin.
A pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that taking ivermectin orally with sweet orange juice 750 mL over 4 hours reduces the bioavailability of ivermectin. This effect does not seem to be related to effects on P-glycoprotein. The effect on ivermectin is more pronounced in males compared to females.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Consuming sweet orange juice can decrease oral absorption of OATP substrates. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
Clinical research shows that consuming sweet orange juice inhibits OATP, which reduces bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP. For example, sweet orange juice decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine, a substrate of OATP, by about 72% and of celiprolol, another OATP substrate, by up to 90%. Since sweet orange juice seems to affect OATP for a short time, recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange juice by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Pravastatin (Pravachol)

Consuming sweet orange juice with pravastatin can increase the absorption of pravastatin.
A small pharmacokinetic study in healthy volunteers shows that consuming sweet orange juice 800 mL over 3 hours, including before, during, and after taking pravastatin 10 mg, increases pravastatin levels by about 149%, without affecting pravastatin elimination. Theoretically this effect might be due to modulation of organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) by sweet orange juice. Sweet orange juice does not seem to affect simvastatin levels, but it is not known if sweet orange affects any of the other statins.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
Fexofenadine (Allegra)

Consuming sweet orange juice with fexofenadine can decrease oral absorption of fexofenadine.
Clinical research shows that coadministration of sweet orange juice 1200 mL decreases bioavailability of fexofenadine by about 72%. In an animal model, sweet orange juice decreased bioavailability of fexofenadine by 31%. Fexofenadine manufacturer data indicates that concomitant administration of sweet orange juice and fexofenadine results in larger wheal and flare sizes in research models. This suggests that sweet orange reduces the clinical response to fexofenadine. Theoretically, this occurs due to short-term inhibition of organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Recommend separating drug administration and consumption of sweet orange by at least 4 hours.

Likelihood Likely Evidence B
P-Glycoprotein Substrates

Sweet orange juice seems to modulate P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which might affect the blood levels of P-gp substrates.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that orange juice extract inhibits drug efflux by P-gp, increasing absorption and levels of P-gp substrates. In contrast, pharmacokinetic research in humans shows that drinking large amounts of sweet orange juice decreases absorption and levels of the P-gp substrate celiprolol. This suggests that orange juice actually induces drug efflux by P-gp or affects drug levels by another mechanism such as inhibiting the gut drug transporter called organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP). Until more is known, sweet orange juice should be used cautiously in people taking P-gp substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Calcium-fortified sweet orange juice might reduce quinolone absorption.
Calcium binds to quinolones in the gut. Theoretically, the calcium in certain fortified orange juices can also bind to quinolone antibiotics and reduce their absorption and levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Summer Savory Plant Oil1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

In vitro research suggests that summer savory extract inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion. Theoretically, summer savory might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for DDR Prime, from the product label.

doTERRA

See all doTERRA products
Name
doTERRA Intl, LLC
Street Address
389 South 1300 West
City
Pleasant Grove
State
UT
ZipCode
84062
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

DDR Prime by doTERRA: Common Questions

Does DDR Prime by doTERRA interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, DDR Prime has a known interaction with 1,288 medications, including 48 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
DDR Prime contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is it safe to take DDR Prime while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Clove and thyme are rated likely safe in pregnancy. Frankincense is not recommended—the safety data advises against it during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Summer savory should be avoided in medicinal amounts during pregnancy because safety hasn't been established. Lemongrass doesn't have enough reliable data, so medicinal amounts should be avoided. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or nursing.
Can I give DDR Prime to my child?
Be very cautious. Even small amounts of clove oil—just 5–10 mL—can be toxic in children. There's a documented case of a 7-month-old who had serious brain symptoms after accidentally receiving one teaspoon of clove oil. This product contains concentrated clove oil, so it's not appropriate for infants or young children without explicit approval from your pediatrician.
What does clove actually do in this product?
Clove has been rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia (a serious lung infection in hospitalized patients on breathing machines). For other uses like cough, pain, and digestive upset, there isn't enough reliable evidence. Because this is a liquid essential oil blend, clove's effectiveness in this form and dosage isn't documented in our data.
What are the most common side effects if I use DDR Prime topically?
Clove and thyme can both cause topical burning, contact dermatitis, itching, and skin irritation. Frankincense can cause dermatitis and itching, though this is rare. If you're applying this to your skin, patch-test it first and stop if you notice redness, burning, or a rash.
Does it matter if I swallow this liquid or just diffuse it?
Yes. Swallowing concentrated essential oils is riskier than inhaling or applying them topically. Thyme oil, clove oil, and others can be toxic if swallowed in medicinal or concentrated doses. The facts don't specify how this product is meant to be used—check the label and your pharmacist's guidance before ingesting it.
Will DDR Prime interact with my blood thinner?
Possibly. Clove, thyme, and summer savory all carry moderate-risk interactions with blood thinners like warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel because of their antiplatelet effects—meaning they may increase bleeding risk. Use the medication checker on this page with your exact blood thinner, and talk to your pharmacist or doctor before adding this product.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

DDR Prime label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind DDR Prime’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Sweet Orange

Interacts with 246 drugs

Sweet orange is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C, fiber, and antioxidants, and is enjoyed as a food worldwide. Its peel and essential oil are used in aromatherapy and...

Read the full Sweet Orange monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Clove

Interacts with 977 drugs

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...

Read the full Clove monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Boswellia Serrata

Interacts with 952 drugs

Boswellia serrata is a tree resin used in traditional medicine, mainly for joint pain and inflammation. Some studies suggest it may help with osteoarthritis symptoms, but the overall evidenc...

Read the full Boswellia Serrata monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Thyme

Interacts with 379 drugs

Thyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...

Read the full Thyme monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Summer Savory

Interacts with 122 drugs

Summer savory is a common kitchen herb that has long been used as a tea or remedy for digestive complaints and minor infections. Food amounts are generally considered safe, but human studies...

Read the full Summer Savory monograph →
Herb & supplement monograph

Lemongrass

Interacts with 708 drugs

Lemongrass is a fragrant tropical grass widely used as a cooking herb, a tea, and an aromatherapy oil. It is generally considered safe in the small amounts used in food, but most of its clai...

Read the full Lemongrass monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

DDR Prime's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 80 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Sweet Orange 17 references
  1. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  2. FDA, CFSAN. FDA-approved potassium health claim notification for potassium containing foods. 2000. Available at: www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/hclm-k.html.
  3. Kurowska EM, Spence JD, Jordan J, et al. HDL-cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:1095-100. PubMed
  4. Murry JJ, Healy MD. Drug-mineral interactions: a new responsibility for the hospital dietician. J Am Diet Assoc 1991;91:66-73.
  5. Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Munoz C, et al. Reduction of fexofenadine bioavailability by fruit juices. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:P21.
  6. Pletz MW, Petzold P, Allen A, et al. Effect of calcium carbonate on bioavailability of orally administered gemifloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003;47:2158-60.. PubMed
  7. Lilja JJ, Juntti-Patinen L, Neuvonen PJ. Orange juice substantially reduces the bioavailability of the beta-adrenergic-blocking agent celiprolol. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;75:184-90.
  8. Tian R, Koyabu N, Takanaga H, et al. Effects of grapefruit juice and orange juice on the intestinal efflux of P-glycoprotein substrates. Pharm Res 2002;19:802-9. PubMed
  9. Vanapalli SR, Chen Y, Ellingrod VL, et al. Orange juice decreases the oral bioavailability of ivermectin in health volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73 (Abstract PDII-A-10):P94.
  10. Huang SM, Lesko LJ. Drug-drug, drug-dietary supplement, and drug-citrus fruit and other food interactions: what have we learned? J Clin Pharmacol 2004;44:559-69. PubMed
  11. Koitabashi Y, Kumai T, Matsumoto N, et al. Orange juice increased the bioavailability of pravastatin, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitor, in rats and healthy human subjects. Life Sci 2006;78:2852-9. PubMed
  12. Takanaga H, Ohnishi A, Yamada S, et al. Polymethoxylated flavones in orange juice are inhibitors of P-glycoprotein but not cytochrome P450 3A4. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000;293:230-6. DOI
  13. Greenblatt DJ. Analysis of drug interactions involving fruit beverages and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:1403-7. PubMed
  14. Bailey DG. Fruit juice inhibition of uptake transport: a new type of food-drug interaction. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;70:645-55. PubMed
  15. Kamath AV, Yao M, Zhang Y, Chong S. Effect of fruit juices on the oral bioavailability of fexofenadine in rats. J Pharm Sci 2005;94:233-9. PubMed
  16. Kays MB, Overholser BR, Mueller BA, et al. Effects of sevelamer hydrochloride and calcium acetate on the oral bioavailability of ciprofloxacin. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42(6):1253-9. PubMed
  17. Neuhofel, A. L., Wilton, J. H., Victory, J. M., Hejmanowsk, L. G., and Amsden, G. W. Lack of bioequivalence of ciprofloxacin when administered with calcium-fortified orange juice: a new twist on an old interaction. J Clin Pharmacol. 2002;42(4):461-466. DOI

See these in context on the Sweet Orange monograph →

Clove 26 references
  1. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Kanerva L, Estlander T, Jolanki R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from spices. Contact Dermatitis 1996;35:157-62. PubMed
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Boswellia Serrata 16 references
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Thyme 18 references
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Summer Savory 1 reference
  1. Yazdanparast, R. and Shahriyary, L. Comparative effects of Artemisia dracunculus, Satureja hortensis and Origanum majorana on inhibition of blood platelet adhesion, aggregation and secretion. Vascul.Pharmacol 2008;48(1):32-37. PubMed

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Lemongrass 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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