Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

TG&P-W Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Pure Herbs

TG&P-W label
See full label image
Liquid Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 30, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking TG&P-W against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

TG&P-W is a dietary supplement by Pure Herbs with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for cough and chest congestion, sore throat, bronchitis and respiratory irritation.Based on those ingredients, 2,083 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow Root Extract, Skullcap aerial parts extract, Mullein Leaf Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against TG&P-W by Pure Herbs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with TG&P-W by Pure Herbs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of TG&P-W by Pure Herbs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Oct 6, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 10 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (1,867 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Pure Herbs TG&P-W is a liquid supplement containing 10 ingredients. The active components are Mullein Leaf Extract, Marshmallow Root Extract, Lobelia Aerial Parts Extract, Skullcap Aerial Parts Extract, White Oak Bark Extract, Bloodroot Root Extract, Stoneroot Extract, Myrrh Resin Extract, Wormwood Aerial Part Extract, and Black Walnut Hull Extract, supplied together as a proprietary blend.

The product contains no other inactive ingredients listed.

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports this product's ingredients for its stated purpose, but it isn't conclusive.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: maintenance of healthy teeth and gums.
  • We looked for evidence on: Dental peri-implantitis, Dental plaque, Gingivitis, Periodontitis, Canker sores, Oral mucositis — and 3 related terms.
  • The strongest evidence on file: Bloodroot is rated "Possibly Effective" for Dental plaque (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Bloodroot is rated "Possibly Effective" for Gingivitis.
  • Also on file: Myrrh is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Gingivitis, Oral mucositis, Canker sores, Dental peri-implantitis.

The evidence for most of these ingredients is not established in the data we hold. Mullein has insufficient reliable evidence to rate it for bronchitis, asthma, cough, migraine, or diarrhea.

Marshmallow, Lobelia, Skullcap, Stoneroot, and Wormwood similarly lack established evidence for their traditional uses. Bloodroot shows possibly effective evidence for dental plaque and gingivitis when used appropriately, though it carries serious safety concerns (see safety section).

Black Walnut and Myrrh lack sufficient evidence for their purported uses. Lobelia is rated possibly ineffective for smoking cessation.

Because this is a multi-ingredient blend with limited individual evidence for most of its components, it's worth discussing your health goals with your doctor or pharmacist to see if there are better-studied alternatives.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Mullein Marshmallow Lobelia Skullcap White Oak Bloodroot Stone Root Myrrh

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 8 of the 10 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 10 of 10.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 10 of 10.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Several ingredients in this product carry significant safety concerns and warrant careful attention. Lobelia is potentially toxic and can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, dizziness, tremors, and throat irritation even at doses as low as 50 mg; at 600 mg or higher, it can cause sweating, rapid heartbeat, convulsions, low body temperature, dangerously low blood pressure, coma, and death.

Bloodroot is potentially corrosive and toxic — while orally it's generally tolerated in appropriate short-term doses, it can cause nausea, vomiting, and brain depression; topical use causes severe burning, skin erosion, scarring, and discoloration of teeth and tongue. The facts advise against bloodroot for self-treatment.

Wormwood contains thujone, a neurotoxin; it may cause muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and in rare cases acute kidney damage, muscle breakdown, and seizures. White Oak Bark, Black Walnut Hull, and Stoneroot can irritate the digestive tract — Black Walnut Hull may cause gastrointestinal upset from its high tannin content, and large amounts of Stoneroot can cause intestinal irritation and colic-like pain, dizziness, and nausea.

Mullein, Marshmallow, and Skullcap are generally well tolerated for short-term use, though human safety data are limited; Skullcap may cause sedation and cognitive impairment at higher doses. Myrrh may cause diarrhea at doses of 2–4 grams orally and has traditionally been linked to uterine stimulation.

Regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding: Lobelia is likely unsafe in pregnancy and lactation due to toxicity; Bloodroot is likely unsafe in pregnancy and possibly unsafe while breastfeeding; Myrrh and Wormwood are likely unsafe in pregnancy and should be avoided while breastfeeding; Mullein, Marshmallow, Skullcap, White Oak, Stoneroot, and Wormwood lack sufficient safety data and should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Black Walnut is likely safe during pregnancy and lactation, though data are limited; however, one rating suggests it may be possibly unsafe while breastfeeding.

There isn't enough data to know either way about several ingredients in pregnancy and lactation — discuss this with your doctor or pharmacist for personalized advice.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Mullein Marshmallow Lobelia Skullcap White Oak Bloodroot Stone Root Myrrh

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 6 of the 10 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Lobelia, Myrrh, Mullein, Wormwood, Marshmallow, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; diabetes medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,084 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you use warfarin (Coumadin) or other blood thinners, antidiabetes medications, lithium, anticonvulsants (seizure medications), or CNS depressants such as sleep aids or sedatives. Myrrh may reduce warfarin's effectiveness; Myrrh and Lobelia may raise lithium levels; Marshmallow may interfere with oral drug absorption and blood thinners; Skullcap may add to the effects of sedating drugs; and Wormwood may interfere with seizure control.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This product combines 10 herbal extracts, most of which lack solid evidence for their intended uses and several of which carry notable toxicity or irritant concerns — especially Lobelia, Bloodroot, and Wormwood. It has documented interactions with warfarin, diabetes medications, lithium, seizure medications, and CNS depressants, as well as theoretical effects on blood clotting and oral drug absorption.

If you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking any prescription medications (particularly blood thinners, diabetes drugs, seizure medications, or lithium), talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting this supplement.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 10 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Nov 22, 2022.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about TG&P-W, straight from the product label.

Brand Pure Herbs
Net contents 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Nov 22, 2022
DSLD ID 279978
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for TG&P-W by Pure Herbs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 mL
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 mL
Servings per container
15
IngredientAmount% DV
Proprietary Blend1867 mg--
Mullein Leaf Extract0 NP--
Marshmallow Root Extract0 NP--
Lobelia Aerial Parts Extract0 NP--
Skullcap aerial parts extract0 NP--
White Oak Bark extract0 NP--
Bloodroot Root Extract0 NP--
Stoneroot extract0 NP--
Myrrh Resin Extract0 NP--
Wormwood Aerial Part Extract0 NP--
Black Walnut Hull Extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: None

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: For adults, mix 2 mL (abt. 1/2 tsp) of extract in 2 fl. oz (60 mL) water one time daily preferably with a meal.

Shake well before use

Formulation

Beneficial for the maintenance of healthy teeth and gums.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Warning: Not intended for use by pregnant or nursing women. If you have a medical condition or are taking medication, consult your doctor prior to use.

Discontinue use and consult with your doctor if any adverse reactions occur.

Keep out of reach of children

Contains: Walnuts

Brand IP Statement(s)

Pure Herbs, Ltd. Natural Herbal Extracts

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General Statements

"No expense has been spared to provide the finest nature has to offer."

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

TG&P-W by Pure Herbs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

TG&P-W label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in TG&P-W by Pure Herbs

These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container15 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Other (inactive) ingredients: None. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

TG&P-W by Pure Herbs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against TG&P-W?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,083Drugs
336 Moderate 1,747 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Marshmallow Root Extract 2,040
Skullcap aerial parts extract 248
Mullein Leaf Extract 122
Myrrh Resin Extract 88
Wormwood Aerial Part Extract 50

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in TG&P-W interact with 2,083 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

6 of the 10 ingredients in TG&P-W interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Root Extract Skullcap aerial parts extract Mullein Leaf Extract Myrrh Resin Extract Wormwood Aerial Part Extract Lobelia Aerial Parts Extract

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in TG&P-W with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Marshmallow Root Extract3 drug types · 2,040 drugs

Lithium

Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Marshmallow Root Extract full monograph & interactions

Skullcap aerial parts extract1 drug type · 248 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, skullcap can have additive effects when used with other CNS depressants.
Animal and clinical research suggests that skullcap can cause sedation and cognitive impairment.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Skullcap aerial parts extract full monograph & interactions

Mullein Leaf Extract1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot. This is likely due to at least one of the known constituents of muellein, triterpenoid saponins. However, the effects appear to be mild and results have been inconsistent. Extracts from different plant parts have been show to have varying anticoagulant strengths, with water-based ones being more potent than alcohol-based extracts.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence A
Mullein Leaf Extract full monograph & interactions

Myrrh Resin Extract2 drug types · 88 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, myrrh might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that myrrh has hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, myrrh might decrease the effectiveness of warfarin.
In one case, a patient who was previously stable on warfarin had a significant decline in international normalized ratio (INR) following consumption of an aqueous extract of myrrh.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Myrrh Resin Extract full monograph & interactions

Wormwood Aerial Part Extract1 drug type · 50 drugs

Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, taking wormwood might interfere with the effects of anticonvulsant drugs.
Thujone, a constituent of wormwood, has convulsant effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Wormwood Aerial Part Extract full monograph & interactions

Lobelia Aerial Parts Extract1 drug type · 1 drug

Lithium

Lobelia is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, lobelia might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lobelia Aerial Parts Extract full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for TG&P-W, from the product label.

Pure Herbs

See all Pure Herbs products
Name
Pure Herbs, Ltd.
City
Sterling Heights
State
MI
Phone Number
(800) 860-4372
Web Address
www.pureherbs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

TG&P-W by Pure Herbs: Common Questions

Does TG&P-W by Pure Herbs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, TG&P-W has a known interaction with 2,083 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
TG&P-W contains 10 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Several ingredients in this product — including Lobelia, Bloodroot, Myrrh, and Wormwood — are rated unsafe or likely unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to toxicity concerns or lack of safety data. Black Walnut is likely safe in pregnancy but may be possibly unsafe while breastfeeding. Others lack enough data to know either way. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or nursing.
What is Bloodroot, and why is it in a supplement I'm supposed to swallow?
Bloodroot Root Extract comes from the bloodroot plant and has been studied for dental uses like plaque and gingivitis, where it may be possibly effective. However, the product facts emphasize that bloodroot is potentially toxic and corrosive and advise against self-treatment with it. Orally in appropriate doses short-term it's generally tolerated, but it can cause nausea, vomiting, and brain depression; topically it causes severe burning and scarring. Use caution and follow label directions closely.
Will this help my cough or bronchitis?
Mullein is traditionally used for respiratory issues, but the evidence isn't established — we have insufficient reliable data to rate it for cough or bronchitis. The same is true for most of the other ingredients in this blend. If you're looking for a cough remedy, talk with your pharmacist about options with stronger evidence.
What side effects should I watch for?
Lobelia can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, dizziness, tremors, and throat irritation even at low doses — and toxicity (sweating, rapid heartbeat, seizures, low blood pressure) at higher doses. Wormwood may cause muscle aches, nausea, and vomiting. Skullcap can cause sedation and cognitive impairment, especially at higher doses. Black Walnut Hull may cause gastrointestinal upset. Bloodroot can cause nausea and vomiting orally. If you notice any of these effects, stop and call your doctor or pharmacist right away.
Does this product have fillers or additives?
According to the product facts, there are no other inactive ingredients listed for this liquid formula.
Can I take this at the same time as my other medications?
Marshmallow may reduce how well oral medications are absorbed, so it's best to take marshmallow 30–60 minutes after your other drugs. Before combining this product with any prescription or over-the-counter medication, check with your doctor or pharmacist — several ingredients here interact with common drug types like blood thinners, diabetes medications, and seizure drugs.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if TG&P-W is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

TG&P-W label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind TG&P-W’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Mullein

Interacts with 122 drugs

Mullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits a...

Read the full Mullein monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Marshmallow

Interacts with 2,040 drugs

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...

Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lobelia

Interacts with 1 drug

Lobelia is a traditional herb once used for breathing problems and to help people quit smoking, but reliable evidence supporting these uses is lacking. It can be toxic in higher amounts, cau...

Read the full Lobelia monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Skullcap

Interacts with 248 drugs

American skullcap is an herb traditionally used to calm anxiety and promote relaxation, but solid human evidence is very limited. It is generally considered relatively safe for short-term us...

Read the full Skullcap monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

White Oak

White oak bark is a traditional herbal remedy rich in tannins, used mostly as a tea or skin wash for diarrhea, sore throat, and minor skin problems. Solid human evidence is very limited, and...

Read the full White Oak monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Bloodroot

Bloodroot is a North American plant whose red root sap contains potent alkaloids that are corrosive to skin and tissue. It has a long folk history, but there is no good evidence it safely tr...

Read the full Bloodroot monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Stone Root

Stone root is a North American herb traditionally used for hemorrhoids, urinary complaints, and digestive issues. There is very little modern scientific evidence to confirm it works for any...

Read the full Stone Root monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Myrrh

Interacts with 88 drugs

Myrrh is a fragrant gum resin from Commiphora trees that has long been used in mouthwashes, throat remedies, and skin care. Modern evidence for most of its uses is limited and comes mostly f...

Read the full Myrrh monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Wormwood

Interacts with 50 drugs

Wormwood is a very bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease digestion, and it has early research interest in Crohn's disease. It contains thujone, which can be toxic in...

Read the full Wormwood monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Walnut

Black walnut is a tree whose green hulls are traditionally used as a natural antiparasitic and digestive remedy, but solid human evidence for these uses is lacking. It contains a compound ca...

Read the full Black Walnut monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

TG&P-W's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 54 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Mullein 2 references
  1. Castro AI, Carmona JB, Gonzales FG, Nestar OB. Occupational airborne dermatitis from gordolobo (Verbascum densiflorum). Contact Dermatitis 2006;55(5):301.
  2. Flores Echaiz C, Al Ali A, Cao AQ, Sasseville D. Simultaneous contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae and Verbascum thapsus. Contact Dermatitis 2017;76(5):316-8.

See these in context on the Mullein monograph →

Marshmallow 5 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Hage-Sleiman R, Mroueh M, Daher CF. Pharmacological evaluation of aqueous extract of Althaea officinalis flower grown in Lebanon. Pharm Biol 2011;49(3):327-33.

See these in context on the Marshmallow monograph →

Lobelia 6 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. McChargue DE, Collins FL Jr, Cohen LM. Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:195-200. PubMed
  5. Stead LF, Hughes JR. Lobeline for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;2:CD000124. PubMed
  6. Plakun, A. L., Ambrus, J., Bross, I., Graham, S., Levin, M. L., and Ross, C. A. Clinical factors in smoking withdrawal: preliminary report. Am J Public Health Nations.Health 1966;56(3):434-441. PubMed

See these in context on the Lobelia monograph →

Skullcap 3 references
  1. Wolfson P, Hoffmann DL. An investigation into the efficacy of Scutellaria lateriflora in healthy volunteers. Altern Ther Health Med 2003;9:74-8.
  2. Awad, R., Arnason, J. T., Trudeau, V., Bergeron, C., Budzinski, J. W., Foster, B. C., and Merali, Z. Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(8):6 PubMed
  3. Brock C, Whitehouse J, Tewfik I, Towell T. American skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora): a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of its effects on mood in healthy volunteers. Phytother Res 2014;28(5):692-8.

See these in context on the Skullcap monograph →

White Oak 2 references
  1. Herbs at a Glance — NIH NCCIH Source
  2. Herbs and Supplements — MedlinePlus Source

See these in context on the White Oak monograph →

Bloodroot 14 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Eversole, L. R., Eversole, G. M., and Kopcik, J. Sanguinaria-associated oral leukoplakia: comparison with other benign and dysplastic leukoplakic lesions. Oral Surg.Oral Med.Oral Pathol.Oral Radiol.Endod. 2000;89(4):455-464. PubMed
  6. Allen, C. L., Loudon, J., and Mascarenhas, A. K. Sanguinaria-related leukoplakia: epidemiologic and clinicopathologic features of a recently described entity. Gen.Dent. 2001;49(6):608-614.
  7. Kuftinec, M. M., Mueller-Joseph, L. J., and Kopczyk, R. A. Sanguinaria toothpaste and oral rinse regimen clinical efficacy in short- and long-term trials. J.Can.Dent.Assoc. 1990;56(7 Suppl):31-33.
  8. Frankos, V. H., Brusick, D. J., Johnson, E. M., Maibach, H. I., Munro, I., Squire, R. A., and Weil, C. S. Safety of Sanguinaria extract as used in commercial toothpaste and oral rinse products. J.Can.Dent.Assoc. 1990;56(7 Suppl):41-47.
  9. Cullinan, M. P., Powell, R. N., Faddy, M. J., and Seymour, G. J. Efficacy of a dentifrice and oral rinse containing sanguinaria extract in conjunction with initial periodontal therapy. Aust.Dent.J. 1997;42(1):47-51. PubMed
  10. Affleck, A. G. and Varma, S. A case of do-it-yourself Mohs' surgery using bloodroot obtained from the internet. Br.J Dermatol 2007;157(5):1078-1079. PubMed
  11. Cienki JJ, Zaret L. An Internet misadventure: bloodroot salve toxicity. J Altern Complement Med. 2010;16(10):1125-7. PubMed
  12. Hou JL, Brewer JD. Black salve and bloodroot extract in dermatologic conditions. Cutis. 2015;95(6):309-11.
  13. Schilling LM, Saedi N. Bloodroot paste: what dermatologists and patients need to know. Dermatol Surg 2016;42(10):1223-4. PubMed
  14. Schlichte MJ, Downing CP, Ramirez-Fort M, Gordon R, Tyring S. Bloodroot associated eschar. Dermatol Online J 2014;20(7). DOI

See these in context on the Bloodroot monograph →

Stone Root 1 reference
  1. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.

See these in context on the Stone Root monograph →

Myrrh 8 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  3. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  4. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  5. Al Faraj S. Antagonism of the anticoagulant effect of warfarin caused by the use of Commiphora molmol as a herbal medication: a case report. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2005;99:219-20.
  6. Al-Jaroudi D, Kaddour O, Al-Amin N. Risks of myrrh use in pregnancy. JBRA Assist Reprod 2016;20(4):257-8.
  7. Xu YY, Li L, Xuan L, Guan K. Patch test diagnosis of non-immediate cutaneous reaction to myrrh following oral intake of a traditional Chinese medicine decoction. Contact Dermatitis. 2019;80(2):135-136. PubMed
  8. Al-Romaiyan A, Huang GC, Jones P, Persaud S. Commiphora myrrha stimulates insulin secretion from mouse and human islets of Langerhans. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Jan 10;264:113075. PubMed

See these in context on the Myrrh monograph →

Wormwood 10 references
  1. Weisbord SD, Soule JB, Kimmel PL. Poison on line-acute renal failure caused by oil of wormwood purchased through the internet. N Engl J Med 1997;337:825-7. PubMed
  2. Gambelunghe C, Melai P. Absinthe: enjoying a new popularity among young people? Forensic Sci Int 2002;130:183-6.
  3. Hold KM, Sirisoma NS, Casida JE. Detoxification of alpha- and beta-Thujones (the active ingredients of absinthe): site specificity and species differences in cytochrome P450 oxidation in vitro and in vivo. Chem Res Toxicol 2001;14:589-95.
  4. Lachenmeier DW, Walch SG, Padosch SA, Kroner LU. Absinthe--a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2006;46:365-77.
  5. Padosch SA, Lachenmeier DW, Kroner LU. Absinthism: a fictitious 19th century syndrome with present impact. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2006;1:14. PubMed
  6. Lachenmeier DW, Emmert J, Kuballa T, Sartor G. Thujone--cause of absinthism? Forensic Sci Int 2006;158:1-8. PubMed
  7. Dettling, A., Grass, H., Schuff, A., Skopp, G., Strohbeck-Kuehner, P., and Haffner, H. T. Absinthe: attention performance and mood under the influence of thujone. J Stud.Alcohol 2004;65(5):573-581. PubMed
  8. Benezet-Mazuecos, J. and de la Fuente, A. Electrocardiographic findings after acute absinthe intoxication. Int J Cardiol. 11-10-2006;113(2):e48-e50. PubMed
  9. El Makrini NI, Hassam B. Artemisia absinthium: burning plant! Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Jan 22;23:10. PubMed
  10. Kocaoglu C, Ozel A. Persistent metabolic acidosis and severe diarrhoea due to Artemisia absinthium poisoning. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014 Sep;64(9):1081-3.

See these in context on the Wormwood monograph →

Black Walnut 3 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA); Public Law 108-282, Title II. Accessed on May 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/food-allergensgluten-free-guidance-documents-regulatory-infor

See these in context on the Black Walnut monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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