Neural-Ease Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Neural-Ease against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Neural-Ease is a dietary supplement by Earth Friend Herb Co. with 10 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for fatigue and low energy, stress and coping (adaptogen), mental performance and focus.Based on those ingredients, 1,510 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Rhodiola, Black Cohosh, Blue Cohosh. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co.
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co. — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co.
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Neural-Ease contains 10 active herbal ingredients: rhodiola, hawthorn, blessed thistle, white pond lily, blue cohosh, prickly ash, lobelia, blue vervain, black cohosh, and condurango. The product is formulated as a liquid and also contains alcohol and glycerin as inactive ingredients.
These herbs are traditionally used to support relaxation and nervous system function, though the evidence for most claims is not well established in modern research.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence supporting these ingredients is limited. Black cohosh is possibly effective for menopausal symptoms, but most other uses listed — including anxiety, arrhythmia, cardiovascular conditions, cognitive function, dyspepsia, and back pain — have insufficient reliable evidence.
Lobelia is considered possibly ineffective for smoking cessation. For the remaining ingredients and uses, the data we hold does not establish effectiveness.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Rhodiola and hawthorn are generally well tolerated for short-term use, though long-term safety isn't well studied. Minor side effects can include dizziness, dry mouth, or excessive saliva production.
Blue cohosh and lobelia carry stronger cautions: both can cause serious adverse effects including chest pain, elevated blood pressure, heart rate changes, and gastrointestinal upset, and lobelia can be toxic at higher doses. Black cohosh is generally well tolerated short-term but rare liver concerns warrant medical oversight.
Blessed thistle may cause stomach upset or nausea at higher doses. White pond lily and condurango have very limited safety data.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding are not advised for most ingredients due to insufficient safety data or uterotoxic concerns; blue cohosh and lobelia are considered likely unsafe in pregnancy and lactation.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking Neural-Ease, check with your pharmacist if you take nitrates or phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (Major risk), antihypertensive drugs, blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelets), diabetes medications, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, hepatotoxic drugs, atorvastatin, cisplatin, estrogen therapy, serotonergic antidepressants, lithium, or acid-suppressing medications (H2-blockers, antacids, proton pump inhibitors).
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
If you take any blood pressure medications, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, heart medications, antidepressants, or estrogen therapy, check your specific medications with the interaction tool before starting Neural-Ease. The ingredients blue cohosh and lobelia carry serious cardiovascular and toxicity risks and warrant extra caution.
Talk with your pharmacist or doctor before adding this product to your routine, especially if you have heart conditions, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or take prescription medications.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 9 of 10 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Mar 25, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Neural-Ease, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Earth Friend Herb Co. |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 4 Fluid Ounce(s); 120 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Mar 25, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 323655 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co., sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Rhodiola | 0 NP | -- |
| Hawthorn | 0 NP | -- |
| Blessed Thistle | 0 NP | -- |
| White Pond Lily | 0 NP | -- |
| Blue Cohosh | 0 NP | -- |
| Prickly Ash | 0 NP | -- |
| Lobelia | 0 NP | -- |
| Blue vervain | 0 NP | -- |
| Black Cohosh | 0 NP | -- |
| Condurango | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Alcohol, Glycerin
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use: Use 10-15 drops 3x daily. Take straight-then drink water.
Precautions
Keep away from children.
Not for use with pregnancy or nursing.
General Statements
An Elijah Free formula
Formulation
All certified organic or wild crafted herbs.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co. label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co.
These are the 10 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size10 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container160 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Rhodiola
Interacts with1,271 drugs
Rhodiola is an herb traditionally used to fight fatigue and help the body cope with stress. Some small studies suggest it may modestly reduce fatigue...
Rhodiola monograph & interactionsHawthorn
Interacts with191 drugs
Hawthorn is a plant traditionally used for heart-related complaints, and some studies suggest it may modestly help symptoms of mild heart failure when...
Hawthorn monograph & interactionsBlessed Thistle
Interacts with36 drugs
Blessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking,...
Blessed Thistle monograph & interactionsWhite Pond Lily
No knowninteractions
White Lily (Lilium candidum) is a flowering plant used mostly in traditional skin care, where its bulb- or flower-infused oils are applied for minor s...
White Pond Lily monograph & interactionsBlue Cohosh
Interacts with259 drugs
Blue cohosh is a traditional herb historically used by Native Americans and midwives to bring on labor or menstruation, but it carries serious safety...
Blue Cohosh monograph & interactionsPrickly Ash
Interacts with36 drugs
Northern Prickly Ash is a North American shrub whose bark and berries have a long history in folk medicine, especially for toothache, joint pain, and...
Prickly Ash monograph & interactionsLobelia
Interacts with1 drug
Lobelia is a traditional herb once used for breathing problems and to help people quit smoking, but reliable evidence supporting these uses is lacking...
Lobelia monograph & interactionsBlue vervain
Black Cohosh
Interacts with652 drugs
Black cohosh is a North American plant most often used to ease menopause symptoms like hot flashes, but the research is mixed and far from settled. It...
Black Cohosh monograph & interactionsCondurango
No knowninteractions
Condurango is the bark of a South American vine traditionally used as a bitter to stimulate appetite and ease digestive complaints. Modern scientific...
Condurango monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Alcohol, Glycerin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co. Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co. has multiple documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern is hawthorn, which interacts with nitrates and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (drugs like sildenafil for erectile dysfunction) at Major severity — both can cause dangerous drops in blood pressure when combined with hawthorn's vasodilatory effects.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Several other ingredients carry Moderate interactions. Rhodiola may lower blood pressure when taken with antihypertensive drugs, increase levels of certain blood thinners and other medications metabolized by your liver, or raise the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) with diabetes drugs.
Hawthorn also interacts Moderately with beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelets), and digoxin. Blue cohosh may interfere with blood pressure medications, diabetes drugs, and can potentiate nicotine effects.
Black cohosh may inhibit certain liver enzyme pathways affecting many medications, interact with hepatotoxic drugs, atorvastatin, cisplatin, estrogen therapy, and serotonergic antidepressants. Lobelia theoretically increases lithium levels.
Blessed thistle may reduce effectiveness of acid-suppressing medications.
Additionally, we could not check prickly ash and blue vervain — we hold no interaction data for them. Altogether, these interactions span 1,488 individual medications.
Please enter your exact medications in the interaction checker on this page before starting Neural-Ease.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Neural-Ease?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Neural-Ease interact with 1,510 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
7 of the 10 ingredients in Neural-Ease interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Rhodiola Black Cohosh Blue Cohosh Hawthorn Blessed Thistle Prickly Ash Lobelia
AvanafilStendra
How Avanafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Avanafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Avanafil interactionFinasteride, TadalafilEntadfi
How Finasteride, Tadalafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Finasteride, Tadalafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Finasteride, Tadalafil interactionGlyceryl TrinitrateNitronal
How Glyceryl Trinitrate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Glyceryl Trinitrate interactionIsosorbide DinitrateAngitak, Cedocard Retard, Isoket, Isoket Retard, Isordil
How Isosorbide Dinitrate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Isosorbide Dinitrate interactionIsosorbide Dinitrate, HydralazineBiDil
How Isosorbide Dinitrate, Hydralazine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Isosorbide Dinitrate, Hydralazine interactionBlue CohoshAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Constituents in blue cohosh might increase blood pressure by causing coronary vasoconstriction.
Read the full Blue Cohosh + Isosorbide Dinitrate, Hydralazine interactionRhodiolaAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rhodiola with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Rhodiola + Isosorbide Dinitrate, Hydralazine interactionIsosorbide MononitrateAngeze, Angeze SR, Chemydur 60XL, Dynamin, Elantan, Elantan LA +13 more
How Isosorbide Mononitrate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Isosorbide Mononitrate interactionMacitentan, TadalafilOpsynvi
How Macitentan, Tadalafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Macitentan, Tadalafil interactionBlue CohoshAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Constituents in blue cohosh might increase blood pressure by causing coronary vasoconstriction.
Read the full Blue Cohosh + Macitentan, Tadalafil interactionBlack CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Macitentan, Tadalafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Macitentan, Tadalafil interactionNicorandilAprior, Dancor, Ikorel, Sigmart, Zynicor
How Nicorandil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Nicorandil interactionNitroglycerinGonitro, Nitro Time, Nitro-Bid, Nitrocine Timecaps, Nitrogard, Nitrogard SR +7 more
How Nitroglycerin interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Nitroglycerin interactionPentaerythritol TetranitratePeritrate, Peritrate SA
How Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornNitrates Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Read the full Hawthorn + Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate interactionSildenafilRevatio
How Sildenafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Sildenafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Sildenafil interactionSildenafil CitrateViagra
How Sildenafil Citrate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Sildenafil Citrate interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Sildenafil Citrate interactionTadalafilCialis, Tadliq
How Tadalafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Tadalafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Tadalafil interactionVardenafilLevitra, Staxyn
How Vardenafil interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornPhosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Read the full Hawthorn + Vardenafil interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Vardenafil interaction6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RhodiolaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola use might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Rhodiola + 6-mercaptopurine interactionBlack CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAbacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, LamivudineTriumeq
How Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interactionAbacavir, LamivudineEpzicom
How Abacavir, Lamivudine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Abacavir, Lamivudine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hawthorn + Abciximab interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Abiraterone interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Abiraterone Acetate interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hawthorn + Abrocitinib interactionRhodiolaImmunosuppressants, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola use might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Rhodiola + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RhodiolaP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Neural-Ease — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acarbose interactionRhodiolaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rhodiola with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acarbose interactionBlue CohoshAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
There is some concern that blue cohosh might increase blood glucose levels.
Read the full Blue Cohosh + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Neural-Ease — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
RhodiolaAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking rhodiola with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acebutolol interactionBlue CohoshAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Constituents in blue cohosh might increase blood pressure by causing coronary vasoconstriction.
Read the full Blue Cohosh + Acebutolol interactionBlack CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acebutolol interactionHawthornBeta-blockers Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive effects on blood pressure and heart rate.
Read the full Hawthorn + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Neural-Ease — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hawthorn + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acetaminophen interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Neural-Ease — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionHawthornAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hawthorn + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
HawthornAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Hawthorn + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBlack CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Neural-Ease — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Black CohoshHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
Read the full Black Cohosh + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionRhodiolaCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Read the full Rhodiola + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Neural-Ease with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Rhodiola
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking rhodiola with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In vitro and animal research shows that rhodiola extract can decrease blood glucose due to alpha-glucosidase activity.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, taking rhodiola with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
In vitro and animal research shows that rhodiola extract inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and might lower blood pressure.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that rhodiola inhibits CYP2C9. This effect is highly variable and appears to be dependent on the rhodiola product studied. Also, a clinical study in healthy young males found that taking rhodiola extract 290 mg daily for 14 days reduces the metabolism of losartan, a CYP2C9 substrate, by 21% after 4 hours.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, rhodiola use might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
In vitro and animal research show that rhodiola has immunostimulatory effects.
Losartan (Cozaar)
Rhodiola might increase the levels and adverse effects of losartan.
A clinical study in healthy young males found that taking rhodiola extract 290 mg daily for 14 days reduces the metabolism of losartan, a CYP2C9 substrate, by 21% after 4 hours.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that rhodiola inhibits P-glycoprotein. Theoretically, using rhodiola with P-glycoprotein substrates might increase drug levels and potentially increase the risk of adverse effects.
Antidepressant Drugs
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase the risk of adverse effects when taken with antidepressants.
A review of adverse event reports in Poland identified cases of tachyarrhythmias, myalgia, arthralgia, gum pain, restless leg syndrome, swallowing disorders, and changes in consciousness when rhodiola was taken in combination with paroxetine, escitalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, trazodone, and/or duloxetine.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase the risk of adverse effects when taken with CNS depressants.
A review of adverse event reports in Poland identified cases of excessive sedation, myoclonus, hypotension, and hallucinations when rhodiola was taken with haloperidol, diazepam, or alprazolam.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that rhodiola inhibits CYP1A2. This effect is highly variable and appears to be dependent on the rhodiola product studied. However, a clinical study in healthy young males found that taking rhodiola extract 290 mg daily for 14 days does not inhibit the metabolism of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, rhodiola might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that rhodiola inhibits CYP3A4. This effect is highly variable and appears to be dependent on the rhodiola product studied. However, a clinical study in healthy young males found that taking rhodiola extract 290 mg daily for 14 days does not inhibit the metabolism of midazolam, a CYP3A4 substrate.
Black Cohosh
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Taking black cohosh with atorvastatin might increase the risk for elevated liver function tests.
In one case report, a patient taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) developed significantly elevated liver function enzymes after starting black cohosh 100 mg four times daily. Liver enzymes returned to normal when black cohosh was discontinued. It is unclear whether the elevated liver enzymes were due to black cohosh itself or an interaction between atorvastatin and black cohosh.
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)
Theoretically, black cohosh may reduce the clinical effects of cisplatin.
Animal research suggests that black cohosh might decrease the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin on breast cancer cells.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Some research suggests that black cohosh might inhibit CYP2D6, but there is conflicting evidence.
Some clinical research suggests that black cohosh might modestly inhibit CYP2D6 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by this enzyme. However, contradictory clinical research shows a specific black cohosh product (Remifemin, Enzymatic Therapy) 40 mg twice daily does not significantly inhibit metabolism of a CYP2D6 substrate in healthy study volunteers. Until more is known, use black cohosh cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Estrogens
Theoretically, black cohosh may alter the effects of estrogen therapy.
Some research suggests that black cohosh has estrogenic effects. This may enhance or inhibit the effects of estrogen therapy.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Theoretically, taking black cohosh with hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver damage.
There is concern that black cohosh might be linked to cases of liver failure and autoimmune hepatitis.
Serotonergic Drugs
Combining serotonergic drugs with black cohosh might cause additive serotonergic effects.
Black cohosh might increase the risk of serotonin syndrome when combined with other serotonergic drugs. Black cohosh acts as an agonist at several serotonin receptor subtypes and might interact with other serotonergic medications. In one case, a 55-year-old female who had been on stable treatment with sertraline 50 mg and duloxetine 60 mg daily developed serotonin syndrome after taking black cohosh extract 40 mg daily for 3 days.
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)
Black cohosh may inhibit one form of OATP, OATP2B1, which could reduce the bioavailability and clinical effects of OATP2B1 substrates.
In vitro research shows that black cohosh modestly inhibits OATP2B1. OATPs are expressed in the small intestine and liver and are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body. Inhibition of OATP may reduce the bioavailability of oral drugs that are substrates of OATP.
Blue Cohosh
Antidiabetes Drugs
There is some concern that blue cohosh might increase blood glucose levels. Theoretically, it might decrease the effectiveness of medicines used for diabetes. Some antidiabetes drugs include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Constituents in blue cohosh might increase blood pressure by causing coronary vasoconstriction. Theoretically, concomitant use might decrease the effectiveness of drugs used for angina and high blood pressure; use with caution. Some antihypertensive drugs include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.
Nicotine
Blue cohosh can increase the effects of nicotine.
Hawthorn
Nitrates
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
Some evidence shows that hawthorn might lower blood pressure due to vasodilatory effects.
Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors
Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
Hawthorn might inhibit PDE-5 and cause vasodilation.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research shows that hawthorn can inhibit platelet aggregation. However, its effect in humans is unclear. One observational study shows that patients taking hawthorn shortly before undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or valve replacement surgery have a 10% incidence of postoperative bleeding, compared with 1% in those who never consumed hawthorn extract. However, clinical research shows that taking a specific preparation of dried hawthorn leaves and flowers (Crataesor, Soria Natural Lab) 800 mg three times daily for 15 days does not affect platelet aggregation or levels of thromboxane B2, the metabolite of thromboxane A2, in healthy humans.
Beta-Blockers
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive effects on blood pressure and heart rate.
Some evidence shows that hawthorn might lower blood pressure and heart rate.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilation and hypotensive effects.
Some evidence shows that hawthorn might lower blood pressure due to vasodilatory effects.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, hawthorn might potentiate the effects and adverse effects of digoxin.
Hawthorn appears to improve cardiac output; however, hawthorn does not appear to affect digoxin pharmacokinetics. Case reports suggest that at least one species of hawthorn root extract (Crataegus mexicana) may produce adverse effects similar to digoxin and can cross-react with digoxin assays, leading to falsely elevated plasma digoxin levels.
Blessed Thistle
Antacids
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
H2-Blockers
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)
Theoretically, blessed thistle might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that blessed thistle increases stomach acid.
Prickly Ash
Antacids
Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of antacids.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.
H2-Blockers
Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Ppis)
Theoretically, northern prickly ash might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs.
There are reports that northern prickly ash increases stomach acid.
Lobelia
Lithium
Lobelia is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, lobelia might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Neural-Ease, from the product label.
Earth Friend Herb Co.
See all Earth Friend Herb Co. products- Name
- Exsula Foods Inc.
- Street Address
- PO Box 44459
- City
- Tacoma
- State
- WA
- ZipCode
- 98448
- Phone Number
- 253-874-9092
- Web Address
- www.exsula.com
Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co.: Common Questions
Does Neural-Ease by Earth Friend Herb Co. interact with any medications?
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Where does this information come from?
Is Neural-Ease safe during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
What are the most common side effects?
Can I use Neural-Ease if I have heart problems?
Does black cohosh in this product help with menopause symptoms?
Is this product meant to treat anxiety?
What if I'm on lithium for bipolar disorder?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Neural-Ease’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Rhodiola
Interacts with 1,271 drugsRhodiola is an herb traditionally used to fight fatigue and help the body cope with stress. Some small studies suggest it may modestly reduce fatigue and improve mood, but the evidence is li...
Read the full Rhodiola monograph → Herb & supplement monographHawthorn
Interacts with 191 drugsHawthorn is a plant traditionally used for heart-related complaints, and some studies suggest it may modestly help symptoms of mild heart failure when added to standard care. However, the ev...
Read the full Hawthorn monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlessed Thistle
Interacts with 36 drugsBlessed thistle is a bitter herb traditionally used to stimulate appetite and ease mild digestive complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits are not well proven. It...
Read the full Blessed Thistle monograph → Herb & supplement monographWhite Lily
White Lily (Lilium candidum) is a flowering plant used mostly in traditional skin care, where its bulb- or flower-infused oils are applied for minor skin problems and soothing. Good-quality...
Read the full White Lily monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlue Cohosh
Interacts with 259 drugsBlue cohosh is a traditional herb historically used by Native Americans and midwives to bring on labor or menstruation, but it carries serious safety concerns, especially for the heart and d...
Read the full Blue Cohosh monograph → Herb & supplement monographNorthern Prickly Ash
Interacts with 36 drugsNorthern Prickly Ash is a North American shrub whose bark and berries have a long history in folk medicine, especially for toothache, joint pain, and sluggish digestion. Modern scientific ev...
Read the full Northern Prickly Ash monograph → Herb & supplement monographLobelia
Interacts with 1 drugLobelia is a traditional herb once used for breathing problems and to help people quit smoking, but reliable evidence supporting these uses is lacking. It can be toxic in higher amounts, cau...
Read the full Lobelia monograph → Herb & supplement monographBlack Cohosh
Interacts with 652 drugsBlack cohosh is a North American plant most often used to ease menopause symptoms like hot flashes, but the research is mixed and far from settled. It is generally well tolerated for short-t...
Read the full Black Cohosh monograph → Herb & supplement monographCondurango
Condurango is the bark of a South American vine traditionally used as a bitter to stimulate appetite and ease digestive complaints. Modern scientific evidence supporting any of these uses is...
Read the full Condurango monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Neural-Ease's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 135 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Rhodiola 13 references
- Kim SH, Hyun SH, Choung SY. Antioxidative effects of Cinnamomi cassiae and Rhodiola rosea extracts in liver of diabetic mice. Biofactors 2006;26:209-19.
- Kwon YI, Jang HD, Shetty K. Evaluation of Rhodiola crenulata and Rhodiola rosea for management of type II diabetes and hypertension. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2006;15:425-32.
- Bystritsky A, Kerwin L, Feusner JD. A pilot study of Rhodiola rosea (Rhodax) for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:175-80.
- Shevtsov VA, Zholus BI, Shervarly VI, et al. A randomized trial of two different doses of a SHR-5 Rhodiola rosea extract versus placebo and control of capacity for mental work. Phytomedicine 2003;10:95-105. PubMed
- Apostolidis E, Kwon YI, Shetty K. Potential of cranberry-based herbal synergies for diabetes and hypertension management. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2006;15:433-41.
- Hellum BH, Tosse A, Hoybakk K, et al. Potent in vitro inhibition of CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein by Rhodiola rosea. Planta Med 2010;76:331-8.
- Skopriska-Rozewska E, Wojcik R, Siwicki AK, et al. The effect of Rhodiola quadrifida extracts on cellular immunity in mice and rats. Pol J Vet Sci 2008;11:105-11.
- Mishra KP, Chanda S, Shukla K, Ganju L. Adjuvant effect of aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricate rhizome on the immune responses to tetanus toxoid and ovalbumin in rats. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2010;32:141-6.
- Li HX, Sze SC, Tong Y, Ng TB. Production of Th1- and Th2-dependent cytokines induced by the Chinese medicine herb, Rhodiola algida, on human peripheral blood monocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2009;123:257-66. PubMed
- Mishra KP, Ganju L, Chanda S, et al. Aqueous extract of Rhodiola imbricate rhizome stimulates Toll-like receptor 4, granzyme-B and Th1 cytokines in vitro. Immunobiology 2009;214:27-31.
- Thu OK, Nilsen OG, Hellum B. In vitro inhibition of cytochrome P-450 activities and quantification of constituents in a selection of commercial Rhodiola rosea products. Pharm Bio. 2016 Dec;54(12):3249-3256.
- Thu OK, Spigset O, Nilsen OG, Hellum B. Effect of commercial Rhodiola rosea on CYP enzyme activity in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;72(3):295-300. PubMed
- Woron J, Siwek M. Unwanted effects of psychotropic drug interactions with medicinal products and diet supplements containing plant extracts. Psychiatr Pol 2018;52(6):983-96. PubMed
Hawthorn 25 references
- Tauchert M. Efficacy and safety of crataegus extract WS 1442 in comparison with placebo in patients with chronic stable New York Heart Association class-III heart failure. Am Heart J 2002;143:910-5. PubMed
- Pittler MH, Schmidt K, Ernst E. Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart failure: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Med 2003;114:665-74.. PubMed
- Chang Q, Zuo Z, Harrison F, Chow MS. Hawthorn. J Clin Pharmacol 2002;42:605-12.
- Holubarsch CJ, Colucci WS, Meinertz T, et al. The efficacy and safety of Crataegus extract WS 1442 in patients with heart failure: the SPICE trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2008;10:1255-63. PubMed
- Pittler MH, Guo R, and Ernst E. Hawthorn extract for treating chronic heart failure. Cochrane.Database.Syst Rev 2008:CD005312. PubMed
- Zick SM, Vautaw BM, Gillespie B, Aaronson KD. Hawthorn Extract Randomized Blinded Chronic Heart Failure (HERB CHF) trial. Eur J Heart Fail. 2009;11:990-99. PubMed
- Werner NS, Duschek S, and Schandry R. D-camphor-crataegus berry extract combination increases blood pressure and cognitive functioning in the elderly - a randomized, placebo controlled double blind study. Phytomedicine. 2009;16:1077-82. PubMed
- Dalli E, Colomer E, Tormos MC, et al. Crataegus laevigata decreases neutrophil elastase and has hypolipidemic effect: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 6-15-2011;18:769-75. PubMed
- Maek-a-nantawat W, Phonrat B, Dhitavat J, et al. Safety and efficacy of CKBM-A01, a Chinese herbal medicine, among asymptomatic HIV patients. Southeast Asian J Trop.Med Public Health 2009;40:494-501.
- Asher GN, Viera AJ, Weaver MA, et al. Effect of hawthorn standardized extract on flow mediated dilation in prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults: a randomized, controlled cross-over trial. BMC.Complement Altern.Med 2012;12:26. PubMed
- Walker AF, Marakis G, Simpson E, et al. Hypotensive effects of hawthorn for patients with diabetes taking prescription drugs: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Gen.Pract 2006;56:437-43.
- Daniele C, Mazzanti G, Pittler MH, et al. Adverse-event profile of Crataegus spp.: a systematic review. Drug Saf 2006;29:523-35. PubMed
- Tankanow R, Tamer HR, Streetman DS, et al. Interaction study between digoxin and a preparation of hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha). J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2003;43:637-42. DOI
- Tauchert, M., Gildor, A., and Lipinski, J. [High-dose Crataegus extract WS 1442 in the treatment of NYHA stage II heart failure]. Herz 1999;24(6):465-474.
- Horoz, M., Gok, E., Genctoy, G., Ozcan, T., Olmaz, R., Akca, M., Kiykim, A., and Gurses, I. Crataegus orientalis associated multiorgan hypersensitivity reaction and acute renal failure. Intern.Med 2008;47(23):2039-2042. PubMed
- Dalli, E., Valles, J., Cosin-Sales, J., Santos, M. T., Moscardo, A., Milara, J., and Sotillo, J. F. Effects of hawthorn (Crataegus laevigata) on platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers. Thromb.Res 2011;128(4):398-400. PubMed
- Rogov VD. [Toxiderma due to the fruits of the hawthorn]. Vestn Dermatol Venerol 1984;7(7):46-47.
- Loew D, Albrecht M, and Podzuweit H. Efficacy and tolerability of a Hawthorn preparation in patients with heart failure Stage I and II according to NYHA - a surveillance study. Phytomedicine 1996;3(Suppl 1):92.
- Rababa'h AM, Altarabsheh SE, Haddad O, Deo SV, Obeidat Y, Al-Azzam S. Hawthorn Herb Increases the Risk of Bleeding after Cardiac Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach. Heart Surg Forum 2016;19(4):E175-9. PubMed
- Shatoor AS, Soliman H, Al-Hashem F, Gamal BE, Othman A, El-Menshaw N. Effect of hawthorn (Crataegus aronia syn. Azarolus (L)) on platelet function in albino wistar rats. Thromb Res 2012;130(1):75-80. PubMed
- Vibes J, Lasserre B, Gleye J, Declume C. Inhibition of thromboxane A2 biosynthesis in vitro by the main components of Crataegus oxyacantha (hawthorn) flower heads. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1994;50(4):173-5. PubMed
- Rogers KL, Grice ID, Griffiths LR. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and 5-HT release by extracts of Australian plants used traditionally as headache treatments. Eur J Pharm Sci 2000;9(4):355-63. PubMed
- Zhou CC, Huang XX, Gao PY, et al. Two new compounds from Crataegus pinnatifida and their antithrombotic activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2014;16(2):169-74.
- Palmer KG, Lebin JA, Cronin MT, Mazor SS, Burns RA. Crataegus mexicana (Tejocote) Exposure Associated with Cardiotoxicity and a Falsely Elevated Digoxin Level. J Med Toxicol. 2019;15(4):295-298. PubMed
- Espinosa J, Bassett R, Lucerna A, Finn D. Hawthorne root (Crataegus mexicana) toxicity. Am J Emerg Med. 2024;78:242.e5-242.e6. PubMed
Blessed Thistle 2 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
White Lily 2 references
Blue Cohosh 16 references
- Jones TK, Lawson BM. Profound neonatal congestive heart failure caused by maternal consumption of blue cohosh herbal medication. J Pediatr 1998;132:550-2. PubMed
- McFarlin BL, Gibson MH, O'Rear J, Harman P. A national survey of herbal preparation use by nurse-midwives for labor stimulation. Review of the literature and recommendations for practice. J Nurse Midwifery 1999;44:205-16. PubMed
- Wright IM. Neonatal effects of maternal consumption of blue cohosh. J Pediatr 1999;134:384-5. DOI
- Edmunds J. Blue cohosh and newborn myocardial infarction? Midwifery Today Int Midwife 1999;52:34-5.
- Fetrow CW, Avila JR. Professional's Handbook of Complementary & Alternative Medicines. 1st ed. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corp., 1999.
- Irikura B, Kennelly E. American Health Consultants. Blue Cohosh: a word of caution. 1999. Available at: http://www.ahcmedia.com/articles/50424-blue-cohosh-a-word-of-caution.
- Gunn TR, Wright IM. The use of black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1996;109:410-1.
- Baillie N, Rasmussen P. Black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1997;110:20-1.
- Finkel RS, Zarlengo KM. Blue cohosh and perinatal stroke. N Engl J Med 2004;351:302-3. PubMed
- Kennelly, E. J., Flynn, T. J., Mazzola, E. P., Roach, J. A., McCloud, T. G., Danford, D. E., and Betz, J. M. Detecting potential teratogenic alkaloids from blue cohosh rhizomes using an in vitro rat embryo culture. J.Nat.Prod. 1999;62(10):1385-1389. PubMed
- Rao, R. B. and Hoffman, R. S. Nicotinic toxicity from tincture of blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) used as an abortifacient. Vet.Hum.Toxicol. 2002;44(4):221-222.
- Gunn, T. R. and Wright, I. M. The use of black and blue cohosh in labour. N.Z Med J 10-25-1996;109(1032):410-411.
- Scott, C. C. and Chen, K. K. The pharmacological action of N-methylcytisine. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapuetics 1943;79:334-339. DOI
- Low, D. T. Blue cohosh and neonatal myocardial toxicity. Journal of the American Herbalists Guild 2001;2(2):9-10.
- Dugoua JJ, Perri D, Seely D, et al. Safety and efficacy of blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;15(1):e66-73.
- Sirtori CR, Triolo M, Bosisio R, et al. Hypocholesterolaemic effects of lupin protein and pea protein/fibre combinations in moderately hypercholesterolaemic individuals. Br J Nutr 2012;107:1176-83. PubMed
Northern Prickly Ash 2 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
See these in context on the Northern Prickly Ash monograph →
Lobelia 6 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- McChargue DE, Collins FL Jr, Cohen LM. Effect of non-nicotinic moist snuff replacement and lobeline on withdrawal symptoms during 48-h smokeless tobacco deprivation. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:195-200. PubMed
- Stead LF, Hughes JR. Lobeline for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;2:CD000124. PubMed
- Plakun, A. L., Ambrus, J., Bross, I., Graham, S., Levin, M. L., and Ross, C. A. Clinical factors in smoking withdrawal: preliminary report. Am J Public Health Nations.Health 1966;56(3):434-441. PubMed
Black Cohosh 68 references
- McFarlin BL, Gibson MH, O'Rear J, Harman P. A national survey of herbal preparation use by nurse-midwives for labor stimulation. Review of the literature and recommendations for practice. J Nurse Midwifery 1999;44:205-16. PubMed
- Whiting PW, Clouston A, Kerlin P. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med J Aust 2002;177:440-3. PubMed
- Pepping J. Black cohosh: Cimicifuga racemosa. Am J Health Syst Pharm 1999;56:1400-2. PubMed
- Liske E. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of Cimicifuga racemosa for gynecologic disorders. Adv Ther 1998;15:45-53.
- Kruse SO, Lohning A, Pauli GF, et al. Fukiic and piscidic acid esters from the rhizome of Cimicifuga racemosa and the in vitro estrogenic activity of fukinolic acid. Planta Med 1999;65:763-4.
- Jacobson JS, Troxel AB, Evans J, et al. Randomized trial of black cohosh for the treatment of hot flashes among women with a history of breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2739-45. PubMed
- Gunn TR, Wright IM. The use of black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1996;109:410-1.
- Baillie N, Rasmussen P. Black and blue cohosh in labour. N Z Med J 1997;110:20-1.
- Lontos S, Jones RM, Angus PW, Gow PJ. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med J Aust 2003;179:390-1.. DOI
- Wuttke W, Seidlova-Wuttke D, Gorkow C. The Cimicifuga preparation BNO 1055 vs. conjugated estrogens in a double-blind placebo-controlled study: effects on menopause symptoms and bone markers. Maturitas 2003;44:S67-77. PubMed
- Huntley A, Ernst E. A systematic review of the safety of black cohosh. Menopause 2003;10:58-64.. DOI
- Cohen SM, O'Connor AM, Hart J, et al. Autoimmune hepatitis associated with the use of black cohosh: a case study. Menopause 2004;11:575-7. PubMed
- Vitetta L, Thomsen M, Sali A. Black cohosh and other herbal remedies associated with acute hepatitis. Med J Aust 2003;178:411-2.. PubMed
- Thomsen M, Vitetta L, Schmidt M, Sali A. Acute liver failure associated with the use of herbal preparations containing black cohosh. Med J Aust 2004;180:598-600.. DOI
- Cohen B, Schardt D. Center for Science in the Public Interest. Letter to Food and Drug Administration. Commissioner Mark McClellan, MD, PhD. March 4, 2004.
- Seidlova-Wuttke D, Hesse O, Jarry H, et al. Evidence for selective estrogen receptor modulator activity in a black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extract: comparison with estradiol-17beta. Eur J Endocrinol 2003;149:351-62. PubMed
- Rockwell S, Liu Y, Higgins SA. Alteration of the effects of cancer therapy agents on breast cancer cells by the herbal medicine black cohosh. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2005;90:233-9. PubMed
- Levitsky J, Alli TA, Wisecarver J, Sorrell MF. Fulminant liver failure associated with the use of black cohosh. Dig Dis Sci 2005;50:538-9. PubMed
- Cheong JL, Bucknall R. Retinal vein thrombosis associated with a herbal phytoestrogen preparation in a susceptible patient. Postgrad Med J 2005;81:266-7.. PubMed
- Nappi RE, Malavasi B, Brundu B, Facchinetti F. Efficacy of Cimicifuga racemosa on climacteric complaints: a randomized study versus low-dose transdermal estradiol. Gynecol Endocrinol 2005;20:30-5.
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. In vivo effects of goldenseal, kava kava, black cohosh, and valerian on human cytochrome P450 1A2, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4/5 phenotypes. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005;77:415-26. PubMed
- Minciullo PL, Saija A, Patafi M, et al. Muscle damage induced by black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa). Phytomedicine 2006;13:115-8. PubMed
- Wuttke W, Gorkow C, Seidlova-Wuttke D. Effects of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) on bone turnover, vaginal mucosa, and various blood parameters in postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, and conjugated estrogens-controlled study. Men PubMed
- MHRA. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) - risk of liver problems. Herbal Safety News July 2006. Available at: http://www.mhra.gov.uk/home/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&useSecondary= true&ssDocName=CON2024131&ssTargetNodeId=663.
- Dugoua JJ, Seely D, Perri D, et al. Safety and efficacy of black cohosh (cimicifuga racemosa) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2006;13:e257-61.
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Condurango 1 reference
- Herbs at a Glance — NIH NCCIH Source
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