Drug & supplement interaction

Apple Cider Vinegar + Insulin (Human)

Insulin (Human) brand names: Novolin N, Novolin 70/30, Novolin R, Novolin L, Afrezza.

Moderate Interaction
Medically reviewed by · Updated September 2026
The bottom line Moderate

Insulin (Human) falls into 2 drug categories that Apple Cider Vinegar can interact with; the most serious is rated moderate. Theoretically, concomitant use of apple cider vinegar with insulin might increase the risk of hypokalemia.

Read the full interaction report
SeverityModerate
LikelihoodPossible
Interactions2
EvidenceD
What do Severity, Likelihood & Evidence mean?
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Interaction report

Apple Cider Vinegar and Insulin (Human)

These two interact in 2 distinct ways. Each one is explained separately below.

Why Are There 2 Interactions?

Apple Cider Vinegar interacts with whole categories of medication. Insulin (Human) falls into 2 of those categories, so it can interact with Apple Cider Vinegar in 2 different ways. We’ve listed each one below — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them (Moderate).

Moderate

INSULIN

1 of 2
Theoretically, concomitant use of apple cider vinegar with insulin might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
A case of hypokalemia related to chronic use of apple cider vinegar has been reported. Theoretically, overuse of apple cider vinegar concomitantly with insulin might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Severity Moderate Likelihood Possible Evidence D

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the short version on mixing apple cider vinegar with your insulin (like Novolin or Afrezza). The concern isn't your blood sugar going haywire, it's actually about potassium. Insulin naturally shifts potassium out of your blood and into your cells, which can lower your potassium level a bit. Large amounts of apple cider vinegar have, in rare reports, also been linked to low potassium (hypokalemia). Stack the two together and, in theory, you could nudge potassium lower than you'd want.

I want to be honest about how thin this evidence is. This is based on a single case report tied to heavy, chronic vinegar use, not normal cooking amounts. A splash on a salad is very unlikely to matter. If you take concentrated ACV daily, mention it to your pharmacist or doctor so they can keep an eye on your potassium. Watch for muscle cramps, weakness, or an odd heartbeat.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Lhotta K, Hofle G, Gasser R, Finkenstedt G. Hypokalemia, hyperreninemia, and osteoporosis in a patient ingesting large amounts of cider vinegar. Nephron 1998;80:242-3. PubMed
Minor

ANTIDIABETES DRUGS

2 of 2

Why this applies to Insulin (Human)

Insulin (Human) falls under ANTIDIABETES DRUGS — the group Apple Cider Vinegar interacts with.

Theoretically, taking apple cider vinegar with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Apple cider vinegar might reduce fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels and decrease gastric emptying in people with diabetes. However, not all research agrees. Theoretically, it might have additive effects on glucose levels when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Severity Minor Likelihood Possible Evidence B

Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.

Dr. Brian Staiger, PharmD, BCPS
Dr. Brian Staiger explains PharmD, Clinical Pharmacist

Here's the simple version: apple cider vinegar may nudge your blood sugar down a little on its own, partly by slowing how fast your stomach empties. Insulin already pulls sugar out of your blood, so stacking the two together could add up and push your sugar lower than you intended. If that happens, you might feel shaky, sweaty, lightheaded, irritable, or suddenly hungry.

Now, don't lose sleep over this one. The effect from vinegar is mild, and the research behind it is mixed and not very strong. A splash on a salad is unlikely to matter. Larger daily doses taken as a supplement are where I'd pay closer attention. If you use vinegar regularly, keep checking your sugars and let your pharmacist or doctor know so they can watch for any low readings.

Contact Dr. Brian directly if you have additional questions on this interaction
References
  1. Hlebowicz J, Darwiche G, Björgell O, Almér LO. Effect of apple cider vinegar on delayed gastric emptying in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study. BMC Gastroenterol 2007;7:46. PubMed
  2. Johnston CS, Kim CM, Buller AJ. Vinegar improves insulin sensitivity to a high-carbohydrate meal in subjects with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004;27:281-2. PubMed
  3. Hadi A, Pourmasoumi M, Najafgholizadeh A, Clark CCT, Esmaillzadeh A. The effect of apple cider vinegar on lipid profiles and glycemic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021;21(1):179. PubMed
  4. Feise NK, Johnston CS. Commercial vinegar tablets do not display the same physiological benefits for managing postprandial glucose concentrations as liquid vinegar. J Nutr Metab 2020;2020:9098739. PubMed
  5. Gheflati A, Bashiri R, Ghadiri-Anari A, Reza JZ, Kord MT, Nadjarzadeh A. The effect of apple vinegar consumption on glycemic indices, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and homocysteine in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: A randomized contro

What These Ratings Mean

Every interaction above is graded three ways — here’s the key to each label.

Severity how clinically significant the interaction is
Major

Clinically significant. Avoid the combination, or use only under close professional supervision.

Moderate

Usually worth avoiding or managing — may need monitoring, a dose change, or timing apart.

Minor

Generally not serious. Be aware of it and mention it to your pharmacist.

Likelihood how strong the evidence is that the interaction actually happens in people
  • LikelyWell-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction.
  • ProbableInteraction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
  • PossibleInteraction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists.
  • UnlikelyInteraction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Evidence the quality of the studies behind the rating (graded A–D)
  • AHigh-quality meta-analysis (quantitative systematic review).
  • BCase-control study.
  • CConsensus.
  • DAnecdotal evidence.

These ratings are for information only. Never start, stop, or otherwise change your therapy before speaking with your provider.

Keep it in perspective

Apple Cider Vinegar Also Interacts With Other Medications

Apple Cider Vinegar has 88 moderate, 73 minor known drug interactions in our database — the Insulin (Human) one above is among them. If you take anything else, check it against the full list below.

Moderate 88 Minor 73 No known interaction 2,669 (incl. Insulin (Human))
Taking anything else?

Check Another of Your Medications Against Apple Cider Vinegar

Covers the 2,830 medications we’ve checked against Apple Cider Vinegar. Pick one to open its full report.

From our Q&A

Questions About Apple Cider Vinegar or Insulin (Human)

These are real questions from readers, answered by the pharmacists at HelloPharmacist — written by a person, not generated from a database. Each one covers Apple Cider Vinegar or Insulin (Human), not necessarily both, but if one is close to what you were about to ask it will usually go further than a database entry can:

Not quite your question? Ask our pharmacists directly — it is free, there is no account required, and answers usually come back within 24 hours.

Everything else you take

See Every Supplement That Interacts With Insulin (Human)

This page covers Apple Cider Vinegar only. If you take other supplements — a multivitamin, a sleep aid, something for joints — the Insulin (Human) page lists 259 supplements it has a documented interaction with, worst first, each one explained.

The most serious there right now: Activated Charcoal (major), Chelation Therapy Products (major), Siberian Cocklebur (major), Acai (moderate) and African Wild Potato (moderate).

By severity: 3 major · 218 moderate · 38 minor.

From our pharmacist’s overview on the Insulin (Human) page

“With human insulin (Novolin, Afrezza), extra glucose lowering is not a nuisance, it is the hazard itself, and this is one of the lists I treat as genuinely serious. Nearly every ingredient here either drops blood sugar on its own or adds to insulin's effect, and the combination can push a normal dose into hypoglycemia, a dangerous low.”

Reviewed by 2 · Jul 18, 2026

Open the Insulin (Human) interaction page

One more smart check

Taking Apple Cider Vinegar as Part of a Dietary Supplement Product? Check It for Interactions

We hold 1,329 real supplement products containing Apple Cider Vinegar, each one broken down to its full ingredient list — and combination products often carry several ingredients besides Apple Cider Vinegar. Your product may carry other ingredients that interact with Insulin (Human) too, on top of Apple Cider Vinegar — and those would not show on this page. Find your product and we’ll check every ingredient on its label:

How much people look this up

Where Apple Cider Vinegar and Insulin (Human) Sit Against Everything Else

Out of every supplement and medication people look up on HelloPharmacist, here is where these two land this week — and which way each has been moving.

Supplement Apple Cider Vinegar
Top 10%

#119 of 1,452 supplements looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today
Medication Insulin (Human)
Top 10%

#213 of 2,830 medications looked up here in the last 7 days

29 days ago today

Position among everything looked up on this site, not a measure of how commonly either one is used or how important it is. A supplement can climb this list because of a news story. It counts every request to the page, automated ones included, and nothing here identifies anyone.

Supplement

About Apple Cider Vinegar

What is Apple Cider Vinegar?

Apple Cider Vinegar
  • Blood sugar support
  • Weight management
  • Digestive upset
  • Appetite control
  • Skin and hair care

Apple cider vinegar is a fermented apple product that many people use hoping to help with blood sugar, weight, or digestion. The evidence for most of these uses is limited and mixed, and the modest effects seen in small studies are not a substitute for proven treatments. When diluted and used in small amounts it is generally safe for most people, but undiluted vinegar can harm teeth and the throat.

Read the full Apple Cider Vinegar monograph & all interactions
Medication

About Human Insulin Injection

What Is Human Insulin Injection Used For?

Brand names: Novolin N, Novolin 70/30, Novolin R, Novolin L, Afrezza

Novolin (human insulin injection) is used to improve glycemic control — meaning blood sugar management — in adults and children with diabetes mellitus.

Novolin 70/30 is a fixed-ratio mixture of intermediate-acting and short-acting human insulin. Because the ratio is fixed, it cannot be adjusted separately for background (basal) or mealtime (prandial) needs.

See full Human Insulin Injection drug information
Keep checking

Other Drugs & Apple Cider Vinegar

Browse every other medication we’ve checked against Apple Cider Vinegar — both the ones with a known interaction and the ones without. Select any drug for the full detail.

0Major
88Moderate
73Minor
2,668No known interaction
88 Moderate 73 Minor 2,668 No interaction
Moderate

88 interactions

Showing 60 of 88 moderate interactions — see all 88 on the Apple Cider Vinegar page.

Minor

73 interactions

Showing 60 of 73 minor interactions — see all 73 on the Apple Cider Vinegar page.

No interaction 2,668 drugs checked — show the list

We also checked Apple Cider Vinegar against these medications and found no known interaction in our sources. Open any page to confirm.

Showing the 60 most looked-up of 2,668 medications checked with no known interaction — see the full Apple Cider Vinegar list.

See the full Apple Cider Vinegar interactions page
See every supplement checked against Insulin (Human), ranked by severity
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Interaction details are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database. The medication overview comes from MedlinePlus.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

Keep exploring
Apple Cider Vinegar monograph › Uses, safety, and every drug interaction in one place Insulin (Human) supplement interactions › Every supplement checked against Insulin (Human), ranked by severity Human Insulin Injection drug information › The full plain-English guide to this medication Supplement interaction checker › Check any supplement or product against your medications Browse medications A–Z › Every drug we've checked against herbs & supplements Ask a pharmacist › Free, personal answer from our licensed team
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Taking Apple Cider Vinegar and Insulin (Human) Together: Common Questions

Can you take Apple Cider Vinegar with Insulin (Human)?
There is a moderate interaction, so it may be acceptable with monitoring or timing changes — but check with your pharmacist first. Read the full details on this page and confirm with your pharmacist before combining them.
Why are there 2 interactions listed for Apple Cider Vinegar and Insulin (Human)?
Insulin (Human) belongs to more than one drug category, and Apple Cider Vinegar interacts with each of those categories a little differently. We list every one so nothing is missed — your overall risk is driven by the most serious of them.
How serious is the Apple Cider Vinegar and Insulin (Human) interaction?
We rate it Moderate. This combination may require monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one. Consult your pharmacist before using them together.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Still Have a Question About Insulin (Human) and Apple Cider Vinegar?

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This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.