Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Based on 8 of 16 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

IrB Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Loomis Enzymes

IrB label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking IrB against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

IrB is a dietary supplement by Loomis Enzymes with 16 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestion and bloating, muscle soreness and exercise recovery, inflammation and swelling.Based on those ingredients, 2,071 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Marshmallow, Plantain, Nettle. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against IrB by Loomis Enzymes

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with IrB by Loomis Enzymes — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of IrB by Loomis Enzymes

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 6 of its 16 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Enzyme Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (84 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

IrB contains 16 active ingredients—most are digestive enzymes (amylase, protease, lipase, lactase, cellulase, invertase, glucoamylase, hemicellulase, diastase, alpha-galactosidase, and a proprietary enzyme blend) designed to help break down food. Lactase specifically aids people who have trouble digesting milk sugar.

The formula also includes plant-based ingredients: psyllium (fiber), stinging nettle, red raspberry leaf, mullein, marshmallow, and plantain. The capsule contains cellulose, water, and phytase as inactive ingredients.

Does it work?

Couldn't assess
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not assessable

We hold no graded evidence for this product's ingredients for its stated purpose.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: pH balancing system.
  • Our graded evidence for these ingredients doesn't cover that particular purpose.

Lactase is effective for lactose intolerance. For the other ingredients in this product, the evidence we hold is limited.

Lipase, protease, and several enzymes lack reliable evidence for conditions like inflammatory bowel disease and indigestion. Stinging nettle is possibly effective for diabetes based on animal and early human research, but evidence is insufficient for hay fever, anemia, asthma, and other conditions.

Red raspberry, mullein, and marshmallow all show insufficient evidence for their traditional uses—respiratory support, cough, skin health, and digestive comfort among them. The effectiveness of many enzymes in supplement form has not been established in the data we hold.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Lipase Lactase Stinging Nettle Red Raspberry Mullein Marshmallow Black Psyllium

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 7 of the 8 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 8 of 8.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 8 of 8.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Protease, lipase, and lactase are generally well tolerated in supplement form for most adults, though digestive upset is possible. Lactase is likely safe in pregnancy.

Protease and lipase carry caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to limited safety data; ask your doctor before regular use. Stinging nettle is generally well tolerated but should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding because traditional concerns and insufficient data exist.

Red raspberry is generally well tolerated but safety in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not well established. Mullein and marshmallow have limited human safety data and should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Rarely, occupational exposure to protease powder or red raspberry powder has caused allergic reactions like asthma and rhinitis. Lactase has caused allergic contact dermatitis in rare cases.

Fresh stinging nettle can cause localized itching, rash, and stinging on contact; severe tongue swelling has been reported when the raw plant was placed in the mouth.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) Lipase Lactase Stinging Nettle Red Raspberry Mullein Marshmallow Black Psyllium

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 8 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Black Psyllium, Red Raspberry, Mullein, Stinging Nettle, Marshmallow.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 2,072 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking IrB, check whether you use blood thinners (anticoagulants) like warfarin, antidiabetes drugs or insulin, diuretics (water pills), or lithium. Stinging nettle and red raspberry carry Moderate interactions with blood thinners and diabetes medications; stinging nettle also interacts with diuretics and lithium at Moderate severity.

Marshmallow and mullein have Minor blood-thinning effects, and marshmallow may reduce the absorption of other oral medications if taken at the same time. Use the search tool below to verify your medications.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

IrB may help people with lactose intolerance, since lactase is effective for that. If you take diabetes medications, diuretics (water pills), blood thinners like warfarin, lithium, or insulin, talk with your pharmacist before starting—several ingredients interact with these drugs.

Avoid this product during pregnancy and breastfeeding unless your doctor advises it. Check your exact medications on this page first.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 8 of 16 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 23, 2025.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about IrB, straight from the product label.

Brand Loomis Enzymes
Barcode (UPC) 697706042610
Net contents 180 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 23, 2025
DSLD ID 327432
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for IrB by Loomis Enzymes, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
90
UPC/BARCODE
697706042610
IngredientAmount% DV
Amylase0 NP--
Protease0 NP--
Lipase0 NP--
Lactase0 NP--
Cellulase0 NP--
Invertase0 NP--
Glucoamylase0 NP--
Hemicellulase0 NP--
Diastase0 NP--
Alpha-Galactosidase0 NP--
Proprietary Enzyme Blend84 mg--
Psyllium50 mg--
Nettle100 mg--
Red Raspberry100 mg--
Mullein100 mg--
Marshmallow100 mg--
Plantain50 mg--

Other ingredients: Cellulose, Water, Phytase

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

pHBS pH balancing system

FDA Disclaimer Statement

This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Precautions

Keep out of reach of children.

Note: Consult your physician before using this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition.

Do not use if inner or outer seal id broken, torn, or missing.

Psyllium warning: May cause allergic reaction in people sensitive to inhaled or ingested psyllium.

Storage

To ensure freshness and potency, keep bottle tightly closed and store in a cool, dry place.

FDA Statement of Identity

A Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions for use: Take 2 capsules, 3 times daily after meals or as directed.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

IrB by Loomis Enzymes label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

IrB label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in IrB by Loomis Enzymes

These are the 16 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Enzyme Blend

84 mg per serving
  • › Amylase
  • › Protease
  • › Lipase
  • › Lactase
  • › Cellulase
  • › Invertase
  • › Glucoamylase
  • › Hemicellulase
  • › Diastase
  • › Alpha-Galactosidase

Psyllium

50 mg per serving Form: Plantago ovata

Nettle

Interacts with
164 drugs
100 mg per serving Form: Urtica dioica

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence...

Nettle monograph & interactions

Red Raspberry

Interacts with
135 drugs
100 mg per serving Form: Rubus idaeus

Red raspberry leaf is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea in late pregnancy and for menstrual discomfort, but solid scientific eviden...

Red Raspberry monograph & interactions

Mullein

Interacts with
122 drugs
100 mg per serving Form: Verbascum thapsus

Mullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality huma...

Mullein monograph & interactions

Marshmallow

Interacts with
2,040 drugs
100 mg per serving Form: Althaea officinalis

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats,...

Marshmallow monograph & interactions

Plantain

Interacts with
2,025 drugs
50 mg per serving Form: Plantago major

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. I...

Plantain monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Cellulose, Water, Phytase. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

IrB by Loomis Enzymes Drug Interactions

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Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
2,071Drugs
286 Moderate 1,785 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Marshmallow 2,040
Plantain 2,025
Nettle 164
Red Raspberry 135
Mullein 122

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in IrB interact with 2,071 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 16 ingredients in IrB interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Marshmallow Plantain Nettle Red Raspberry Mullein

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in IrB with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Marshmallow3 drug types · 2,040 drugs

Lithium

Theoretically, due to potential diuretic effects, marshmallow might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Marshmallow is thought to have diuretic properties. To avoid lithium toxicity, the dose of lithium might need to be decreased when used with marshmallow.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, marshmallow flower might have antiplatelet effects.
Animal research suggests that marshmallow flower extract has antiplatelet effects. However, the root and leaf of marshmallow, not the flower, are the plant parts most commonly found in dietary supplements. Theoretically, use of marshmallow flower with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs can have additive effects, and might increase the risk for bleeding in some patients.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, mucilage in marshmallow might impair absorption of oral drugs.
Marshmallow contains mucilage which can affect oral drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take marshmallow 30-60 minutes after oral medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Marshmallow full monograph & interactions

Plantain7 drug types · 2,025 drugs

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce the effects of carbamazepine and increase the risk for convulsions.
Theoretically, black psyllium might reduce carbamazepine absorption. A preliminary study using blond psyllium reported decreased carbamazepine bioavailability due to binding of the drug to psyllium, as well as reduction of available fluid in the gut for dissolution of the drug. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as lithium might reduce lithium absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might reduce lithium absorption and plasma levels. Some case reports describe a reduction in plasma lithium levels with concomitant administration of blond psyllium. This was reversed when psyllium was stopped. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Metformin (Glucophage)

Theoretically, black psyllium might increase the therapeutic and adverse effects of metformin.
Animal research shows that concurrent consumption of blond psyllium with metformin slows and increases the absorption of metformin. This interaction may also occur with black psyllium. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after metformin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as olanzapine might reduce olanzapine absorption.
The fiber in black psyllium might decrease the absorption of olanzapine. A single case report describes a reduction in the effectiveness of olanzapine when it was concomitantly administered with an unspecified type of psyllium 3 grams orally twice daily. This effect was reversed when psyllium was stopped.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin (Lanoxin)

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as digoxin might reduce digoxin absorption and decrease digoxin levels.
Psyllium might bind digoxin in the gut. However, some clinical evidence suggests that psyllium does not impact digoxin absorption.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Ethinyl Estradiol

Theoretically, taking black psyllium at the same time as ethinyl estradiol might alter levels of estradiol.
Concurrent use of blond psyllium with ethinyl estradiol results in a slight increase in the extent of ethinyl estradiol absorption and a slower rate of absorption. This is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Oral Drugs

Theoretically, psyllium might increase, decrease, or have no effect on the absorption of oral drugs.
Psyllium seems to have variable effects on drug absorption. To avoid changes in absorption, take psyllium 30-60 minutes after oral medications. Animal research shows that blond psyllium delays and increases the absorption of metformin and ethinyl estradiol. Case reports and animal research suggest that blond psyllium might reduce absorption of lithium, digoxin, olanzapine, and carbamazepine. Finally, some pharmacokinetic studies show that psyllium does not affect the absorption of levothyroxine or warfarin. Although many of these studies evaluated blond psyllium, the fiber content in black psyllium may have similar effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Plantain full monograph & interactions

Nettle4 drug types · 164 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, stinging nettle might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that stinging nettle might decrease blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, combining stinging nettle with diuretic drugs may have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that the above ground parts and roots of stinging nettle may have a diuretic effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, stinging nettle might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Animal research suggests that stinging nettle has diuretic and natriuretic properties, which could alter the excretion of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

There is some concern that stinging nettle might decrease the effects of anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin.
Stinging nettle contains a significant amount of vitamin K. When taken in large quantities, this might interfere with the activity of warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nettle full monograph & interactions

Red Raspberry2 drug types · 135 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking red raspberry leaf with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.
In vitro research suggests that red raspberry leaf extract has antiplatelet activity and enhances the in vitro effects of the antiplatelet medication cangrelor. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Insulin

Red raspberry leaf might reduce glucose levels in patients being treated with insulin.
In one case report, a 38-year-old patient with gestational diabetes, whose blood glucose was being controlled with medical nutrition therapy and insulin, developed hypoglycemia after consuming two servings of raspberry leaf tea daily for 3 days beginning at 32 weeks' gestation. The patient required an insulin dose reduction. The hypoglycemia was considered to be probably related to use of red raspberry leaf tea.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Red Raspberry full monograph & interactions

Mullein1 drug type · 122 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Lab tests on extracts from different parts of common and dense-flowered mullein plants show that they do have some blood-thinning effects, as they increase the time it takes for blood to clot. This is likely due to at least one of the known constituents of muellein, triterpenoid saponins. However, the effects appear to be mild and results have been inconsistent. Extracts from different plant parts have been show to have varying anticoagulant strengths, with water-based ones being more potent than alcohol-based extracts.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence A
Mullein full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for IrB, from the product label.

Loomis Enzymes

See all Loomis Enzymes products
Name
Loomis Enzymes, LLC
City
Fitchburg
State
Wisconsin
ZipCode
53719
Phone Number
1-800-614-4400
Web Address
www.loomisenzymes.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

IrB by Loomis Enzymes: Common Questions

Does IrB by Loomis Enzymes interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, IrB has a known interaction with 2,071 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
IrB contains 16 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Does this product help with digestion?
IrB contains multiple digestive enzymes designed to break down different types of food, and lactase is proven effective for people with lactose intolerance. For other digestive issues like indigestion or inflammatory bowel disease, the evidence in our data is insufficient to say whether these enzymes help.
Can I take this while pregnant or breastfeeding?
Lactase is likely safe in pregnancy, but the other ingredients—especially stinging nettle, red raspberry, mullein, and marshmallow—are best avoided because safety data are limited or traditional concerns exist. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before using this product if you're pregnant or nursing.
What's stinging nettle in this formula for?
Stinging nettle is included as a traditional plant ingredient. Early research suggests it might help with diabetes, but evidence is still incomplete. It does interact with several medications, so check with your pharmacist if you take blood thinners, diabetes drugs, diuretics, or lithium.
Could this cause side effects?
Most of the enzymes and plant ingredients are generally well tolerated, but digestive upset, diarrhea, or constipation can occur. Rarely, people have had allergic reactions to enzyme powders or the plant ingredients. If you develop rash, itching, swelling, or breathing trouble, stop and contact your doctor.
Should I take this at the same time as my other medications?
Marshmallow contains mucilage that can interfere with absorption of oral drugs, so take marshmallow 30–60 minutes after other medications to avoid this. For your specific medications, use the interaction checker on this page.
What if I'm allergic to dairy or lactose?
Lactase is an enzyme that helps digest lactose (milk sugar), not dairy itself. If you have a milk protein allergy, lactase won't help—ask your pharmacist or doctor whether this product is appropriate for you.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

IrB label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind IrB’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases)

Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...

Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lipase

Lipase is a digestive enzyme that helps your body break down dietary fats. It is well established as part of prescription pancreatic enzyme therapy for people who cannot make enough of their...

Read the full Lipase monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Lactase

Lactase is a digestive enzyme supplement that helps people who lack enough natural lactase break down lactose, the sugar in milk and dairy. It can reduce gas, bloating, cramping, and diarrhe...

Read the full Lactase monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Stinging Nettle

Interacts with 164 drugs

Stinging nettle is a common plant used as food and in traditional medicine, most often for prostate symptoms, allergies, and joint pain. The evidence is mixed and mostly preliminary, so it i...

Read the full Stinging Nettle monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Red Raspberry

Interacts with 135 drugs

Red raspberry leaf is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea in late pregnancy and for menstrual discomfort, but solid scientific evidence for these uses is limited. It is gene...

Read the full Red Raspberry monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Mullein

Interacts with 122 drugs

Mullein is a traditional herbal remedy most often used as a tea or syrup to soothe coughs, sore throats, and respiratory irritation. High-quality human studies are lacking, so its benefits a...

Read the full Mullein monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Marshmallow

Interacts with 2,040 drugs

Marshmallow root is a traditional herb rich in soothing, gel-like fibers called mucilage, which is why it has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and stomach irritation. Evidence for th...

Read the full Marshmallow monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Black Psyllium

Interacts with 2,025 drugs

Black psyllium is a soluble-fiber supplement made from the seeds of a Plantago plant, used mostly to ease constipation and support digestive health. It is best known and most studied for rel...

Read the full Black Psyllium monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

IrB's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 61 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
  1. Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
  2. Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
  3. Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed

See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →

Lipase 1 reference
  1. Casper C, Hascoet JM, Ertl T, et al. Recombinant bile salt-stimulated lipase in preterm infant feeding: A randomized phase 3 study. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0156071. PubMed

See these in context on the Lipase monograph →

Lactase 1 reference
  1. Laukkanen A, Ruoppi P, Remes S, Koistinen T, Mäkinen-Kiljunen S. Lactase-induced occupational protein contact dermatitis and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(2):89-93. PubMed

See these in context on the Lactase monograph →

Stinging Nettle 23 references
  1. Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.
  2. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  3. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
  4. Schulz V, Hansel R, Tyler VE. Rational Phytotherapy: A Physician's Guide to Herbal Medicine. Terry C. Telger, transl. 3rd ed. Berlin, GER: Springer, 1998.
  5. Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
  6. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
  7. Mittman P. Randomized, double-blind study of freeze-dried Urtica dioica in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Planta Med 1990;56:44-7.
  8. Vontobel HP, Herzog R, Rutishauser G, Kres H. [Results of a double-blind study on the effectiveness of ERU (extractum radicis Urticae) capsules in conservative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia]. (Abstract). Urologe A 1985;24:49-51.
  9. Randall C, Randall H, Dobbs F, et al. Randomized controlled trial of nettle sting for treatment of base-of-thumb pain. J R Soc Med 2000;93:305-9. PubMed
  10. Caliskaner Z, Karaayvaz M, Ozturk S. Misuse of a herb: stinging nettle (Urtica urens) induced severe tongue oedema. Complement Ther Med 2004;12:57-8. PubMed
  11. Krzeski, T., Kazon, M., Borkowski, A., Witeska, A., and Kuczera, J. Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses. Clin Ther 1993;15(6):1011-1020.
  12. Randall, C., Meethan, K., Randall, H., and Dobbs, F. Nettle sting of Urtica dioica for joint pain--an exploratory study of this complementary therapy. Complement Ther Med 1999;7(3):126-131. PubMed
  13. Tahri, A., Yamani, S., Legssyer, A., Aziz, M., Mekhfi, H., Bnouham, M., and Ziyyat, A. Acute diuretic, natriuretic and hypotensive effects of a continuous perfusion of aqueous extract of Urtica dioica in the rat. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;73(1-2):95-100. PubMed
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Red Raspberry 8 references
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  2. Parsons M, Simpson M, Ponton T. Raspberry leaf and its effects on labour: safety and efficacy. Aust Coll Midwives Inc J 1999;12:20-5.
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Mullein 2 references
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  2. Flores Echaiz C, Al Ali A, Cao AQ, Sasseville D. Simultaneous contact dermatitis caused by Asteraceae and Verbascum thapsus. Contact Dermatitis 2017;76(5):316-8.

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Marshmallow 5 references
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Black Psyllium 18 references
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  2. Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C. PDR for Herbal Medicines. 1st ed. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company, Inc., 1998.
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See these in context on the Black Psyllium monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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