Interactions on record — worth a quick check against your medications. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Bacteril Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Terry Naturally

Bacteril label
See full label image
Softgel Capsule Category: Botanical
Most serious interaction: Moderate
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Bacteril against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Moderate

Bacteril is a dietary supplement by Terry Naturally with 4 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for blood sugar support, digestive upset, antioxidant support.Based on those ingredients, 1,247 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil, Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil, Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Bacteril by Terry Naturally

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Bacteril by Terry Naturally — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Bacteril by Terry Naturally

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 4 active ingredients.
  • “Proprietary Formula” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (75 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Bacteril contains four active herbal oils: cinnamon (cassia) bark oil, thyme flower oil, clove flower bud oil, and oregano flower oil. The product includes a proprietary blend, meaning the exact amount of each oil is not separately listed.

These are inactive ingredients: extra virgin olive oil, gelatin, glycerol, and water.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: Antimicrobial and immune support.
  • We looked for evidence on: Common cold, Cough, Dental plaque, Gingivitis, Halitosis, Intestinal parasite infection — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Clove is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Cough (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Clove is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Dental plaque, Gingivitis, Oral mucositis, Halitosis.
  • Also on file: Oregano is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Cough, Gingivitis.

The evidence we hold does not establish effectiveness for any condition listed for these ingredients. Cassia cinnamon is rated insufficient reliable evidence for amenorrhea, angina, common cold, diabetes, diarrhea, and dyslipidemia.

Thyme shows insufficient evidence for bronchitis, aging skin, alopecia areata, and common cold. Clove is rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia but insufficient evidence for cough, acute pain, and dyspepsia.

Oregano is insufficient for acne, bronchitis, asthma, headache, and upper respiratory tract infection. If you're considering this product for a specific health concern, talk with your pharmacist or doctor about what the science actually shows.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Cassia Cinnamon Thyme Clove Oregano

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 4 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 4 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Cassia cinnamon is likely safe in pregnancy and lactation, though medicinal or high-dose supplement amounts should be avoided during pregnancy. The safety concern is coumarin, a compound in cassia cinnamon that can harm the liver at very high doses or over extended periods; food amounts are generally safe, but supplement doses warrant caution.

Thyme and clove are rated likely safe in pregnancy and lactation, though food amounts are preferred over medicinal doses due to limited data. Oregano is rated possibly unsafe in pregnancy — medicinal or supplement amounts should be avoided, though food amounts are likely fine — and lactation safety data is not established, so stick to normal food amounts.

Common adverse effects across these oils include allergic reactions, diarrhea, headache, nausea, and contact dermatitis or skin irritation when applied topically. Clove oil in high doses (5–10 mL) can be toxic in children, and rare cases of liver failure and CNS depression have been reported with oral clove oil exposure.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Cassia Cinnamon Thyme Clove Oregano

Meds to double-check

Moderate interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Moderate identified

The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 4 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Clove, Oregano, Thyme, Cassia Cinnamon.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,248 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking Bacteril, check with your pharmacist if you take diabetes medications (blood sugar drugs), medications broken down by your liver (CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, or CYP2C9 substrates — many common prescriptions), blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs, estrogen replacement therapy, anticholinergic drugs, or cholinergic drugs. Most of these interactions are moderate-severity and theoretical (not yet confirmed in humans), but they are worth verifying against your personal medication list.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Bacteril is designed as a herbal supplement, but its four oils interact with diabetes medications, blood thinners, several liver-metabolized drugs, and estrogen therapy. If you take any prescription medications — especially for blood sugar control or heart/blood vessel health — check your exact drugs with the tool on this page before you start.

Talk with your pharmacist to make sure it's a fit for your situation.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 4 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jun 24, 2019.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Bacteril, straight from the product label.

Brand Terry Naturally
Barcode (UPC) 367703245030
Net contents 30 Softgel(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Jun 24, 2019
DSLD ID 202300
Product type Botanical
Supplement form Softgel Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free, Sugar Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Bacteril by Terry Naturally, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
1 Softgel(s)
Servings per container
30
UPC/BARCODE
367703245030
IngredientAmount% DV
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil0 NP--
Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil0 NP--
Proprietary Formula75 mg--
Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil0 NP--
Oregano (Origanum compactum) flower oil0 NP--

Other ingredients: extra virgin Olive Oil, Gelatin, Glycerol, Water

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation

No sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, corn, soy, dairy products, artificial coloring, artificial flavoring, or artificial preservatives.

Non-GMO

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommendations: 1 softgel per day for maintenance, 1 softgel twice daily for aggressive support.

Precautions

If pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare practitioner before using.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place.

Brand IP Statement(s)

For additional immune support also try: Propolis extract, Viragen or ViraPro

Support yourself with Bacteril

Terry Naturally EuroPharma

General Statements

The powerful defense you need!

Take care of your immune system so it can take care of you. Bacteril helps support your first line of defense - wherever you go, whatever you do, and no matter what life brings your way: Hectic travel Long hours New foods Challenging environments Every day

Immune system support Whatever you do-wherever you go! For your good health Terry

Money-back guarantee

Product of Belgium

Formula

Bacteril gives you a safe, effective approach that does not compromise your intestinal health. It provides plant oils of cinnamon, thyme, clove, and oregano that are up to 100 times more concentrate than dry herbs. These time-tested ingredients are blended with extra virgin olive oil to support your first line of immune defense and healthy bacterial balance.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

General

JC 34 91 + 3(5,6)EP BX24503.04

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Bacteril by Terry Naturally label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Bacteril label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Bacteril by Terry Naturally

These are the 4 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size1 Softgel(s) Dosage formSoftgel Capsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Other (inactive) ingredients: Extra virgin Olive Oil, Gelatin, Glycerol, Water. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Bacteril by Terry Naturally Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Bacteril?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,247Drugs
1,247 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil 977
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil 442
Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil 379
Oregano (Origanum compactum) flower oil 208

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Bacteril interact with 1,247 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

4 of the 4 ingredients in Bacteril interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil Oregano (Origanum compactum) flower oil

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Bacteril with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil7 drug types · 977 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove extracts with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical and laboratory research suggest that polyphenol extracts from clove flower buds might lower blood glucose levels. Dosing adjustments for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents may be necessary when taken with clove. Monitor blood glucose levels closely.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP1A2 in a dose-dependent manner,. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, inhibits CYP2C9 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP2D6 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, concomitant use of clove may increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research shows that eugenol, the principal constituent of clove, can inhibit CYP3A4 in a dose-dependent manner. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, clove oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that eugenol, a constituent of clove, has antiplatelet activity. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Ibuprofen (Advil, Others)

Theoretically, topical application of clove oil with ibuprofen might increase the absorption and side effects of topical ibuprofen.
Laboratory research shows that topical application of clove oil increases the absorption of topical ibuprofen. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) flower bud Oil full monograph & interactions

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil2 drug types · 442 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, cassia cinnamon may have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Cassia cinnamon may lower blood glucose levels, and have additive effects in patients treated with antidiabetic agents. Dose adjustments to diabetes medications might be necessary.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Hepatotoxic Drugs

Theoretically, large doses of cassia cinnamon might cause additive effects when used with hepatotoxic drugs.
There is some concern that ingesting large amounts of cassia cinnamon for an extended duration might cause hepatotoxicity in some people. Cassia cinnamon contains coumarin, which can cause hepatotoxicity in animal models. In humans, very high doses of coumarin from 50-7000 mg/day can result in hepatotoxicity that resolves when coumarin use is discontinued. Lower amounts might also cause liver problems in sensitive people, such as those with liver disease or those taking potentially hepatotoxic agents.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) bark Oil full monograph & interactions

Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil4 drug types · 379 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might reduce the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, thyme leaf extract might have additive effects with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and animal research suggests that thyme leaf extract has antiplatelet effects. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of cholinergic drugs and thyme essential oil might cause additive cholinergic effects.
In vitro evidence suggests that thyme essential oil and specific essential oil constituents like thymohydroquinone and carvacrol can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE). However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, thyme might competitively inhibit the effects of estrogen replacement therapy.
In vitro research shows that thyme has estrogen receptor-binding activity and phytoestrogen content. However, this effect has not been observed in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyme (Thymus satureioides) flower oil full monograph & interactions

Oregano (Origanum compactum) flower oil2 drug types · 208 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, oregano might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro research shows that aristolochic acid isolated from oregano leaves has antithrombin activity. It has also been reported that oregano oil inhibits arachidonic acid-induced, and ADP-induced, platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, oregano might increase the risk for hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
In vitro and animal research shows that oregano extracts might lower blood glucose levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Oregano (Origanum compactum) flower oil full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Bacteril, from the product label.

Terry Naturally

See all Terry Naturally products
Name
EuroPharma, Inc.
City
Green Bay
State
WI
ZipCode
54311
Phone Number
(866) 807-2731
Web Address
EuroPharmaUSA.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Bacteril by Terry Naturally: Common Questions

Does Bacteril by Terry Naturally interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Bacteril has a known interaction with 1,247 medications. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Bacteril contains 4 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is cassia cinnamon safe to take long-term?
Food amounts are generally safe, but extended use of supplement doses high in coumarin may harm the liver over time. The product facts don't specify how much cinnamon is in each softgel, so ask your pharmacist or call the manufacturer to find out the dose per capsule, then discuss whether long-term use fits your situation.
Can I take Bacteril if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Cassia cinnamon, thyme, and clove are likely safe in pregnancy and lactation in food amounts, but medicinal or supplement doses are less well studied. Oregano is rated possibly unsafe in pregnancy at medicinal doses. Talk with your doctor or midwife before starting any supplement during pregnancy or while nursing — they can weigh the risks and benefits for you personally.
What are the common side effects?
The oils in Bacteril may cause allergic reactions, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, heartburn, nausea, or vomiting when taken by mouth. Topical contact dermatitis and skin irritation are also reported. Clove oil in particular can be irritating and, in high doses (5–10 mL), can be toxic, especially in children.
Does Bacteril actually work for anything?
The evidence we hold does not establish that any of its ingredients work for a specific condition. Clove is rated possibly effective for ventilator-associated pneumonia, but the rest lack sufficient reliable evidence. If you're interested in this product for a health concern, ask your pharmacist what the science actually shows for that use.
Why does oregano say 'avoid' during pregnancy?
Oregano is rated possibly unsafe in pregnancy at medicinal or supplement doses because safety data is limited. Food amounts are likely fine, but concentrations used in supplements are stronger and less studied. This is why your doctor or midwife should approve its use during pregnancy.
Can clove oil really interact with that many medications?
Clove's main compound, eugenol, can inhibit several liver enzymes that break down many drugs — that's why the number is large. Most of these interactions are lab findings not yet proven in people, but they're worth checking against your prescription list so your pharmacist can watch for any changes in how your drugs work.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Bacteril is safe with your meds?

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Bacteril label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Bacteril’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Cassia Cinnamon

Interacts with 442 drugs

Cassia cinnamon is the common, inexpensive cinnamon used in cooking, and it is also taken as a supplement, most often for blood sugar support. The evidence for its health benefits is mixed a...

Read the full Cassia Cinnamon monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Thyme

Interacts with 379 drugs

Thyme is a common kitchen herb that has long been used for coughs, sore throats, and digestive complaints. It is generally safe in the amounts found in food, and some cough products that com...

Read the full Thyme monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Clove

Interacts with 977 drugs

Clove is a common cooking spice that is also used in traditional medicine, especially as a topical numbing agent for tooth pain thanks to its main compound, eugenol. Food amounts are general...

Read the full Clove monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Oregano

Interacts with 208 drugs

Oregano is a common Mediterranean cooking herb that is also sold as a concentrated oil or supplement, often standardized for a compound called carvacrol. While lab studies suggest it may hav...

Read the full Oregano monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Bacteril's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 76 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Cassia Cinnamon 20 references
  1. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  2. Khan A, Safdar M, Ali Khan M, et al. Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003;26:3215-8. PubMed
  3. De Benito V, Alzaga R. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from cassia (Chinese cinnamon) as a flavouring agent in coffee. Contact Dermatitis 1999;40:165. PubMed
  4. Drake TE, Maibach HI. Allergic contact dermatitis and stomatitis caused by a cinnamic aldehyde-flavored toothpaste. Arch Dermatol 1976;112:202-3.
  5. Press release. Cinnamon capsules to reduce blood sugar are medicinal products! Efficacy has not been scientifically proven - some products contain high levels of coumarin. Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfM), Germany, November 11, 2006. Available a
  6. Felter SP, Vassallo JD, Carlton BD, Daston GP. A safety assessment of coumarin taking into account species-specificity of toxicokinetics. Food Chem Toxicol 2006;44:462-75. PubMed
  7. Crawford P. Effectiveness of cinnamon for lowering hemoglobin A1C in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial. J Am Board Fam Med 2009;22:507-12. PubMed
  8. Akilen, R., Tsiami, A., Devendra, D., and Robinson, N. Glycated haemoglobin and blood pressure-lowering effect of cinnamon in multi-ethnic Type 2 diabetic patients in the UK: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Diabet.Med. 2010; PubMed
  9. Lu T, Sheng H Wu J Cheng Y Zhu J Chen Y. Cinnamon extract improves fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin level in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Nutr Res. 2012;32(6):408-412. PubMed
  10. Choi, J., Lee, K. T., Ka, H., Jung, W. T., Jung, H. J., and Park, H. J. Constituents of the essential oil of the Cinnamomum cassia stem bark and the biological properties. Arch Pharm Res 2001;24(5):418-423.
  11. Altschuler JA, Casella SJ, MacKenzie TA, Curtis KM. The effect of cinnamon on A1C among adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007;30(4):813-6. PubMed
  12. Stoecker BR, Zhan Z, Luo R, et al. Cinnamon extract lowers blood glucose in hyperglycemic subjects. FASEB J. 2010;22:722.1 (Abstract only). DOI
  13. Admani S, Hill H, Jacob SE. Cinnamon Sugar Scrub Dermatitis: "Natural" Is Not Always Best. Pediatr Dermatol. 2017;34(1):e42-e43. PubMed
  14. Isaac-Renton M, Li MK, Parsons LM. Cinnamon spice and everything not nice: many features of intraoral allergy to cinnamic aldehyde. Dermatitis. 2015;26(3):116-21. PubMed
  15. Vandersall A, Katta R. Eyelid dermatitis as a manifestation of systemic contact dermatitis to cinnamon. Dermatitis. 2015 Jul-Aug;26(4):189. PubMed
  16. Wickenberg J, Lindstedt S, Nilsson J, Hlebowicz J. Cassia cinnamon does not change the insulin sensitivity or the liver enzymes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Nutr J 2014 Sep 24;13:96. PubMed
  17. Brancheau D, Patel B, Zughaib M. Do cinnamon supplements cause acute hepatitis? Am J Case Rep 2015;16:250-4. PubMed
  18. Shekarchizadeh-Esfahani P, Heydarpour F, Izadi F, Jalili C. The effect of cinnamon supplementation on liver enzymes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2021;58:102699. PubMed
  19. Bernaola J, Valverde-Monge M, Otal-Buesa M, Cullen D, Heras-Mendaza F. Cinnamon allergic contact cheilitis. Contact Dermatitis 2023;88(5):418-419. PubMed
  20. Patel K, Howard M, Tate B. Cheilitis caused by allergic contact dermatitis to cinnamon in chai tea: A case report. Contact Dermatitis 2023;88(3):239-240. PubMed

See these in context on the Cassia Cinnamon monograph →

Thyme 18 references
  1. Zava DT, Dollbaum CM, Blen M. Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1998;217:369-78. PubMed
  2. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
  3. Okazaki K, Kawazoe K, Takaishi Y. Human platelet aggregation inhibitors from thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Phytother Res 2002;16:398-9. .
  4. Spiewak R, Skorska C, Dutkiewicz J. Occupational airborne contact dermatitis caused by thyme dust. Contact Dermatitis 2001;44:235-9. . PubMed
  5. Ernst E, Marz R, Sieder C. A controlled multi-centre study of herbal versus synthetic secretolytic drugs for acute bronchitis. Phytomedicine 1997;4:287-93. PubMed
  6. Yamamoto J, Yamada K, Naemura A, et al. Testing various herbs for antithrombotic effect. Nutrition 2005;21(5):580-7. PubMed
  7. Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
  8. Mackiewicz, B., Skorska, C., Dutkiewicz, J., Michnar, M., Milanowski, J., Prazmo, Z., Krysinska-Traczyk, E., and Cisak, E. Allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. Ann Agric Environ Med 1999;6(2):167-170.
  9. Martinez-Gonzalez, M. C., Goday Bujan, J. J., Martinez, Gomez W., and Fonseca, Capdevila E. Concomitant allergic contact dermatitis due to Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) and Thymus vulgaris (thyme). Contact Dermatitis 2007;56(1):49-50.
  10. Jukic, M., Politeo, O., Maksimovic, M., Milos, M., and Milos, M. In vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone. Phytother.Res 2007;21(3):259-261.
  11. Marzian, O. [Treatment of acute bronchitis in children and adolescents. Non-interventional postmarketing surveillance study confirms the benefit and safety of a syrup made of extracts from thyme and ivy leaves]. MMW.Fortschr.Med 6-28-2007;149(27-28 Suppl
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Clove 26 references
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  10. Andersen, K. E., Johansen, J. D., Bruze, M., Frosch, P. J., Goossens, A., Lepoittevin, J. P., Rastogi, S., White, I., and Menne, T. The time-dose-response relationship for elicitation of contact dermatitis in isoeugenol allergic individuals. Toxicol.Appl PubMed
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  18. Romaguera, C., Alomar, A., Camarasa, J. M., Garcia, Bravo B., Garcia, Perez A., Grimalt, F., Guerra, P., Lopez, Gorretcher B., Pascual, A. M., Miranda, A., and . Contact dermatitis in children. Contact Dermatitis 1985;12(5):283-284. PubMed
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Oregano 12 references
  1. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
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