Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 4 of 5 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Ormus Minerals

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast is a dietary supplement by Ormus Minerals with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general wellness and energy, gut health, antioxidant support.Based on those ingredients, 1,161 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Goji, Spirulina pacifica, Fulvic Acid. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

Jump to a section

Check Your Meds Against Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 5 active ingredients.
  • “Ingredients” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label gives one combined amount (700 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast contains five active ingredients. MSM is included to support joint and connective tissue health.

Fulvic acid is a compound derived from organic matter breakdown, claimed to support nutrient absorption and detoxification. Goji (goji berry) is a traditional fruit used in herbal medicine.

Spirulina pacifica is a blue-green algae sometimes used for nutritional support. Camu camu is a South American fruit extract, here at 10% concentration.

The product also contains gelatin as an inactive ingredient (the capsule material).

Does it work?

Moderate evidence
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed

This product doesn't appear to be marketed for a specific use, so we graded its ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.

Moderate

Some clinical evidence supports its ingredients for:

Why this rating?
  • We looked at the product name, claims, and label statements and couldn't find a stated purpose to grade.
  • Since the label doesn't commit to one use, we graded the ingredients' overall clinical evidence instead.
  • On file: Hypertension — rated "Possibly Effective" (Blue-green Algae) (Natural Medicines).

The evidence supporting these ingredients is limited. For fulvic acid, the data we hold shows insufficient evidence to rate its use for respiratory infections, lead toxicity, eczema, fatigue, or hay fever.

Spirulina is rated possibly effective for high blood pressure, but has insufficient evidence for acne, hay fever, iron-deficiency anemia, and arsenic poisoning. For goji and camu camu, effectiveness ratings in our data are insufficient for the conditions listed — including sunburn, heart disease, high blood pressure, obesity, and quality of life for goji.

No effectiveness data is on file for MSM. In short, these ingredients lack strong clinical backing for most proposed uses.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Fulvic Acid Goji Blue-green Algae Camu Camu

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 3 of the 4 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 3 of 4.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 4 of 4.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Short-term use of fulvic acid appears generally well tolerated, though long-term human safety data is limited. The most common side effects reported orally are diarrhea, headache, and sore throat; a rare serious effect called Kashin-Beck bone disease has been reported.

Goji is generally safe as food but concentrated supplements have less safety evidence. Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported.

One case of autoimmune hepatitis and another of acute hepatitis (in a multi-ingredient product) have been reported, though causation is unclear. Spirulina appears well tolerated but quality varies — some products contain toxin or heavy metal contamination.

Common side effects include abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and headache. Allergic reactions and anaphylaxis have occurred.

Three cases of mild gum bleeding and one of mild bruising were reported in a trial. Camu camu is likely safe as food but high-dose supplement safety is not well studied.

For pregnancy, avoid fulvic acid, goji, and camu camu in supplement form due to insufficient safety data. Goji has traditional reports of uterine effects.

For breastfeeding, safety data is not available for any of these ingredients — caution is advised or avoid in supplement form.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Fulvic Acid Goji Blue-green Algae Camu Camu

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 3 of the 4 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Blue-green Algae, Goji, Fulvic Acid.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications.
  • For scale: 1,162 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist before taking this product if you use warfarin or other blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs) — goji carries a Major risk of increased bleeding. You should also verify any medications that are broken down by your liver enzymes (CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP3A4 substrates), immunosuppressants, thyroid hormone, blood sugar drugs, or blood pressure medications, as these interact at Moderate or Minor severity with one or more ingredients here.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

If you take warfarin or any blood thinner, this product is not for you without your doctor's approval — goji carries a major interaction risk. Similarly, if you're on medications metabolized by your liver, immunosuppressants, thyroid drugs, diabetes drugs, or blood pressure medications, talk to your pharmacist before starting.

The evidence that this product works for its claimed purposes is weak. Given the interaction risks and limited proof of benefit, this is something to discuss with your pharmacist alongside your current medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 4 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 26, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast, straight from the product label.

Brand Ormus Minerals
Net contents 180 Capsule(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Feb 26, 2020
DSLD ID 213284
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
6 Capsule(s)
IngredientAmount% DV
MSM0 NP--
Fulvic Acid0 NP--
Ingredients700 mg--
Goji0 NP--
Spirulina pacifica0 NP--
Camu Camu 10% extract0 NP--

Other ingredients: Gelatin

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Recommended dosage: Take 2 - 6 capsules daily

Precautions

Precautions: Keep out of the reach of children.

Consult with your health consultant for your recommended use of this nutritional supplement.

Formulation

700 mg 100% natural

No preservatives

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Ingredients

700 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,161Drugs
2 Major 1,159 Moderate

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Goji 1,000
Spirulina pacifica 327
Fulvic Acid 257

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast interact with 1,161 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

3 of the 5 ingredients in Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Goji Spirulina pacifica Fulvic Acid

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Goji8 drug types · 1,000 drugs

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Goji can increase the effects of warfarin and possibly increase the risk of bleeding.
There are at least 5 case reports of increased international normalized ratio (INR) in patients stabilized on warfarin who began drinking goji juice, concentrated goji tea, or goji wine. Goji may inhibit the metabolism of warfarin by cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji root bark, but not goji fruit, with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research suggest that goji root bark has hypotensive effects. However, goji fruit juice does not appear to reduce systolic or diastolic blood pressure in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C19 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C19 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C19 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C19 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2C9 and reduce metabolism of CYP2C9 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry tincture and juice inhibit CYP2C9 enzymes. Additionally, multiple case reports suggest that goji berry concentrated tea and juice inhibit the metabolism of warfarin, a CYP2C9 substrate. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2C9 substrates.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP2D6 and reduce metabolism of CYP2D6 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP2D6 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, goji berry might inhibit CYP3A4 and reduce metabolism of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research shows that goji berry juice inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes. Concomitant use with goji may decrease metabolism and increase levels of CYP3A4 substrates. However, this has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Flecainide (Tambocor)

Theoretically, goji berry might increase the levels and clinical effects of flecainide.
In one case report, a 75-year-old patient stable on flecainide and warfarin presented to the emergency room with fainting and pleomorphic arrhythmia caused by flecainide toxicity. Flecainide toxicity was attributed to drinking 1-2 glasses of concentrated goji tea daily for 2 weeks. Theoretically, goji may have inhibited the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) metabolism of flecainide.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of goji fruit polysaccharides or goji root bark with antidiabetes drugs might have additive effects.
Animal and in vitro research show that goji root bark and fruit polysaccharides might have hypoglycemic effects. However, clinical research has only shown that taking goji fruit polysaccharides with or without antidiabetes drugs modestly reduces postprandial glucose when compared with control, with no reports of hypoglycemia.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Goji full monograph & interactions

Spirulina pacifica3 drug types · 327 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro. However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs. However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Blue-green algae have been shown to stimulate the immune system.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Spirulina pacifica full monograph & interactions

Fulvic Acid3 drug types · 257 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, taking fulvic acid may decrease the effectiveness of anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence shows that fulvic acid, formed from the oxidation and polymerization of protocatechuic acid, can shorten prothrombin time in human plasma, increasing the risk of clot formation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, taking fulvic acid might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Animal research shows that fulvic acid stimulates immune function.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Thyroid Hormone

Theoretically, taking fulvic acid with thyroid hormone therapy might interfere with the ability to normalize thyroid function.
Animal research shows that fulvic acid increases the plasma level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and decreases the thyroxine (T4):triiodothyronine (T3) ratio.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Fulvic Acid full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast, from the product label.

Ormus Minerals

See all Ormus Minerals products
Name
Ormus Minerals Inc.
Street Address
Post Office Box 513
City
Caldwell
State
Idaho
ZipCode
83606
Web Address
www.OrmusMinerals.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals: Common Questions

Does Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast by Ormus Minerals interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast has a known interaction with 1,161 medications, including 2 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on warfarin?
No — not without talking to your doctor first. Goji in this product can increase warfarin's effects and raise your bleeding risk. We have real case reports of this happening. Your prescriber needs to know before you add this supplement.
Does this product work?
The evidence is weak. Most of these ingredients lack reliable clinical proof they work for the conditions marketed. Spirulina is possibly effective for high blood pressure, but that's about it. For nearly everything else — respiratory infections, fatigue, skin issues — the evidence is insufficient.
Is this safe to take while I'm pregnant?
No. Fulvic acid, goji, and camu camu all lack enough safety data in pregnancy, so they're best avoided in supplement form. Goji has traditional reports of effects on the uterus. Talk with your doctor about whether this product is right for you.
What are the most common side effects?
Fulvic acid commonly causes diarrhea, headache, and sore throat. Spirulina can cause abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and headache. Goji has low side-effect rates when eaten as food, but concentrated supplements have less safety data. Allergic reactions, including severe ones, have been reported with goji and spirulina.
Can I take this with my blood pressure or diabetes medication?
Possibly, but it needs checking first. Goji may have additive effects with blood pressure drugs, and both goji and spirulina can increase low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) risk with diabetes medications. Your pharmacist can tell you if it's safe with your specific drugs.
Is there a problem with the MSM in this product?
We could not check MSM for interactions — we hold no interaction data for it. That doesn't mean it's unsafe, just that we don't have monograph information on it to review.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Fulvic Acid

Interacts with 257 drugs

Fulvic acid is a natural compound formed when plants and microbes break down in soil, and it is sold as a supplement for energy, gut, and overall wellness. Human research is very limited, so...

Read the full Fulvic Acid monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Goji

Interacts with 1,000 drugs

Goji berries are a nutritious fruit rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and plant polysaccharides, and they are safe for most people as a food. While they are popular for eye health, immune supp...

Read the full Goji monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Blue-green Algae

Interacts with 327 drugs

Blue-green algae are nutrient-rich aquatic microorganisms (such as spirulina and Klamath Lake algae) taken as a supplement for energy, nutrition, and general wellness. Evidence for most heal...

Read the full Blue-green Algae monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Camu Camu

Camu camu is an Amazonian berry that is very high in vitamin C and plant antioxidants, which is why it is popular as an immune and antioxidant supplement. Human research is still limited, so...

Read the full Camu Camu monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Ormus Rich Sulfur Blast's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 41 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Fulvic Acid 3 references
  1. Lu, FJ. Arsenic as a promoter in the effect of humic substances on plasma prothrombin time in vitro. Thromb Res 6-15-1990;58(6):537-541. PubMed
  2. Vucskits, AV, Hullar, I, Bersenyi, A, Andrasofszky, E, Kulcsar, M, Szabo, J. Effect of fulvic and humic acids on performance, immune response and thyroid function in rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010;94(6):721-728. PubMed
  3. Gandy JJ, Meeding JP, Snyman JR, et al. Phase 1 clinical study of the acute and subacute safety and proof-of-concept efficacy of carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid. Clin Pharmacol. 2012;4:7-11. PubMed

See these in context on the Fulvic Acid monograph →

Goji 14 references
  1. Huang KC. The Pharmacology of Chinese Herbs. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1999.
  2. Lam AY, Elmer GW, Mohutsky MA. Possible interaction between warfarin and Lycium Barbarum. Ann Pharmacother 2001;35:1199-201.
  3. Leung H, Hung A, Hui AC, Chan TY. Warfarin overdose due to the possible effects of Lycium barbarum L. Food Chem Toxicol 2008;46:1860-2. PubMed
  4. Amagase H, Nance DM. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical study of the general effects of a standardized Lycium barbarum (goji) juice, GoChi. J Altern Complement Med 2008;14:403-12.
  5. Rivera, C. A., Ferro, C. L., Bursua, A. J., and Gerber, B. S. Probable interaction between Lycium barbarum (goji) and warfarin. Pharmacotherapy 2012;32(3):e50-e53.
  6. Monzon, Ballarin S., Lopez-Matas, M. A., Saenz, Abad D., Perez-Cinto, N., and Carnes, J. Anaphylaxis associated with the ingestion of Goji berries (Lycium barbarum). J.Investig.Allergol.Clin.Immunol. 2011;21(7):567-570.
  7. Franco, M., Monmany, J., Domingo, P., and Turbau, M. [Autoimmune hepatitis triggered by consumption of Goji berries]. Med.Clin.(Barc.) 9-22-2012;139(7):320-321.
  8. Jiménez-Encarnación E, Ríos G, Muñoz-Mirabal A, Vilá LM. Euforia-induced acute hepatitis in a patient with scleroderma. BMJ Case Rep 2012;2012. PubMed
  9. Larramendi CH, García-Abujeta JL, Vicario S, García-Endrino A, López-Matas MA, García-Sedeño MD, et al. Goji berries (Lycium barbarum): Risk of allergic reactions in individuals with food allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2012;22(5):345-50.
  10. Cai H, Liu F, Zuo P, Huang G, Song Z, Wang T, et al. Practical application of antidiabetic efficacy of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide in patients with type 2 diabetes. Med Chem. 2015;11(4):383-90.
  11. Potterat O. Goji (Lycium barbarum and L. chinense): Phytochemistry, pharmacology and safety in the perspective of traditional uses and recent popularity. Planta Med 2010;76(1):7-19.
  12. Guzmán CE, Guzmán-Moreno CG, Assad-Morell JL, Edgar Francisco Carrizales-Sepúlveda EF. Flecainide toxicity associated with the use of goji berries: a case report. Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2021;5(6):ytab204. PubMed
  13. Liu R, Tam TW, Mao J, et al. In vitro activity of Lycium barbarum (Goji) against major human phase I metabolism enzymes. Complement Integr Med. 2016;13(3):257-265.
  14. Zhang J, Tian L, Xie B. Bleeding due to a probable interaction between warfarin and Gouqizi (Lycium Barbarum L.). Toxicol Rep. 2015;2:1209-1212. PubMed

See these in context on the Goji monograph →

Blue-green Algae 22 references
  1. Jensen GS, Ginsberg DJ, Huerta P, et al. Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA 2000;2:50-6.
  2. Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, et al. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:3212-13. PubMed
  3. Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by dietary Spirulina platensis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994;40:431-41.. PubMed
  4. Vitale S, Miller NR, Mejico LJ, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial of super blue-green algae in patients with essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:18-32. PubMed
  5. Mani UV, Desai S, Iyer U. Studies on the long-term effect of spirulina supplementation on serum lipid profile and glycated proteins in NIDDM patients. J Nutraceut 2000;2(3):25-32. DOI
  6. Chiu HF, Yang SP, Kuo YL, et al. Mechanisms involved in the antiplatelet effect of C-phycocyanin. Br J Nutr 2006;95:435-40. PubMed
  7. Hsiao G, Chou PH, Shen MY, et al. C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:7734-40.
  8. Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. PubMed
  9. Madhyastha, H. K., Radha, K. S., Sugiki, M., Omura, S., and Maruyama, M. Purification of c-phycocyanin from Spirulina fusiformis and its effect on the induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator from calf pulmonary endothelial cells. Phytomedicine PubMed
  10. Mazokopakis, E. E., Karefilakis, C. M., Tsartsalis, A. N., Milkas, A. N., and Ganotakis, E. S. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008;15(6-7):525-527. PubMed
  11. Halidou, Doudou M., Degbey, H., Daouda, H., Leveque, A., Donnen, P., Hennart, P., and Dramaix-Wilmet, M. [The effect of spiruline during nutritional rehabilitation: systematic review]. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publique 2008;56(6):425-431.
  12. Konno, T., Umeda, Y., Umeda, M., Kawachi, I., Oyake, M., and Fujita, N. [A case of inflammatory myopathy with widely skin rash following use of supplements containing Spirulina]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2011;51(5):330-333. PubMed
  13. Le TM, Knulst AC, Röckmann H. Anaphylaxis to Spirulina confirmed by skin prick test with ingredients of Spirulina tablets. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;74:309-10. PubMed
  14. Rzymski P, Niedzielski P, Kaczmarek N, Jurczak T, Klimaszyk P. The multidisciplinary approach to safety and toxicity assessment of microalgae-based food supplements following clinical cases of poisoning. Harmful Algae 2015;46:34-42. DOI
  15. Petrus M, Culerrier R, Campistron M, et al. First case report of anaphylaxis to spirulin: identification of phycocyanin as responsible allergen. Allergy 2010;65(7):924-5. PubMed
  16. Marles RJ, Barrett ML, Barnes J, et al. United States Pharmacopeia safety evaluation of spirulina. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011;51(7):593-604. PubMed
  17. Majdoub H, Ben Mansour M, Chaubet F, et al. Anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the green alga Arthrospira platensis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009;1790(10):1377-81. PubMed
  18. Cha BG, Kwak HW, Park AR, et al. Structural characteristics and biological performance of silk fibroin nanofiber containing microalgae spirulina extract. Biopolymers 2014;101(4):307-18. PubMed
  19. Jensen GS, Drapeau C, Lenninger M, Benson KF. Clinical safety of a high dose of phycocyanin-enriched aqueous extract from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: results from a randomized, double-Blind, placebo-controlled study with a focus on anticoagulant ac
  20. Hamedifard Z, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Taghizadeh M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized con
  21. Moradi S, Zobeiri M, Feizi A, Clark CCT, Entezari MH. The effects of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood pressure, sleep quality, mental health, fatigue status and quality of life in patients with ulcerative
  22. Ghanbari F, Amerizadeh A, Behshood P, Moradi S, Asgary S. Effect of microalgae arthrospira on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: a systematic Review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022;47(10):100942. PubMed

See these in context on the Blue-green Algae monograph →

Camu Camu 2 references
  1. Vitamin C - Health Professional Fact Sheet — NIH Office of Dietary Supplements Source
  2. Vitamin C — MedlinePlus Source

See these in context on the Camu Camu monograph →

Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.

DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC

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