Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 5 of 8 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Adrenal Care Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Blackstone Labs

Adrenal Care label
See full label image
Tablet Or Pill Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Adrenal Care against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Adrenal Care is a dietary supplement by Blackstone Labs with 8 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for zinc deficiency, immune support, cold symptoms.Based on those ingredients, 616 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Magnesium Glycinate, Inositol Hexanicotinate, DMAE. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 12, 2026

What’s inside

Full disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Full

Every active ingredient lists its own amount on the label.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 8 of its 8 active ingredients.
  • No proprietary blends here — you can verify the dose of every single component.

Adrenal Care contains 8 ingredients, including zinc, magnesium glycinate, DMAE (dimethylaminoethanol), inositol hexanicotinate, bovine adrenal gland extract, glycyrrhetinic acid, Korean ginseng, and huperzine A. Zinc supports immune function and is used for deficiencies and certain skin conditions.

Magnesium glycinate aids muscle and nerve function and is used for constipation and heartburn. DMAE, inositol hexanicotinate, and huperzine A are thought to support cognitive and nerve function.

The inactive ingredients—microcrystalline cellulose, dextrose, sodium starch glycolate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, and silica—are fillers, binders, and flow agents typical in tablets.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: adrenal gland support and stress management.
  • We looked for evidence on: Anxiety, Cortisol regulation, Energy and fatigue, Dopamine support.
  • The closest evidence on file: Inositol Nicotinate is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Anxiety (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Magnesium is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Perioperative anxiety.

Zinc is effective for zinc deficiency and likely effective for Wilson disease; it's possibly effective for acne, skin conditions, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetes. Magnesium glycinate is effective for dyspepsia and constipation, and effective for low magnesium levels and pre-eclampsia.

Huperzine A is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease but evidence for other uses—cognitive impairment, vascular dementia, depression, and memory—is insufficient. DMAE and inositol hexanicotinate have insufficient evidence for most claims; inositol nicotinate is possibly effective for Raynaud syndrome.

We hold no effectiveness data for bovine adrenal gland extract, glycyrrhetinic acid, or Korean ginseng.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Zinc Magnesium Deanol Inositol Nicotinate Huperzine A

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 5 of the 5 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 5 of 5.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 5 of 5.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Zinc is generally well tolerated at recommended amounts; high doses can cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, metallic taste, and vomiting. Above 40 mg daily, there's concern about copper deficiency.

Magnesium glycinate is generally well tolerated and commonly well absorbed; common side effects are diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. DMAE may cause constipation, diarrhea, drowsiness, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, and mood changes in some people, and evidence is limited.

Huperzine A can cause dose-dependent cholinergic side effects—blurred vision, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, sweating—and is a pharmacologically active compound requiring careful use. Inositol nicotinate may cause flushing, heartburn, nausea, and liver enzyme elevation; high-dose niacin compounds can affect liver function.

Pregnancy and lactation safety ratings vary by ingredient: zinc is listed as both likely safe and likely unsafe for pregnancy (the facts show conflicting ratings), and likely safe for lactation; magnesium is possibly to likely safe in pregnancy and lactation under medical guidance; DMAE, inositol nicotinate, and huperzine A have insufficient or no safety data for pregnancy and lactation.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Zinc Magnesium Deanol Inositol Nicotinate Huperzine A

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 5 of the 5 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Deanol, Inositol Nicotinate, Huperzine A, Zinc, Magnesium.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 616 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, double-check your medications against these drug types: levodopa/carbidopa (Major), then quinolone antibiotics, cephalexin, tetracycline antibiotics, skeletal muscle relaxants, calcium channel blockers, antidiabetes drugs, blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs, statins, HIV medications, and cholinergic or anticholinergic drugs (all Moderate). Altogether, these interactions span 612 individual medications.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Adrenal Care is a multi-ingredient product with established interactions affecting antibiotics, HIV medications, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, and medications for Parkinson disease and muscle tension, among others. If you take any prescription medication—especially antibiotics, heart drugs, diabetes treatments, or neurological medications—check this product against your medications with the tool on this page before starting.

Talk with your pharmacist about whether it's right for your situation.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 5 of 8 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated May 22, 2020.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Adrenal Care, straight from the product label.

Brand Blackstone Labs
Barcode (UPC) 650348782221
Net contents 120 Tablet(s)
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD May 22, 2020
DSLD ID 219547
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Tablet Or Pill
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Women (not pregnant or lactating)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
2 Tablet(s)
Servings per container
60
UPC/BARCODE
650348782221
IngredientAmount% DV
Zinc30 mg200%
Magnesium Glycinate300 mg--
DMAE750 mg--
Inositol Hexanicotinate750 mg--
Bovine adrenal gland extract500 mg--
Glycyrrhetinic Acid200 mg--
Korean Ginseng100 mg--
Huperzine A300 mcg--

Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Dextrose, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silica

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

General Statements

Peel here

Questions? Call us at: 1-877-454-6861

Precautions

Warning: Keep out of reach of children. This product should not be taken by individuals under 18 years of age.

Consult a licensed health professional before taking this product. This product is not intended as a sole source of nutrition and should be consumed in conjunction with an appropriate physical training or exercise program. Do not take this product if any current or pre-existing medical conditions exist.

Pregnant or nursing women should not take this product. Do not take this product if you currently taking any prescription or over-the-counter medications.

Do not exceed recommended serving, as it could result in serious adverse health effects.

Allergen Warning: Manufactured on shared equipment that also processes eggs, wheat, & soy (lecithin).

Formulation

Adrenal gland support system Manages stress levels Supports healthy & optimal adrenal gland function Supports healthy cortisol levels Helps increase dopamine receptor density Improves natural energy levels

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Directions: As a dietary supplement, take (2) tablets, twice per day. Do not exceed 4 dablets daily. Finish entire contents of bottle over a 30 day period.

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Adrenal Care label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs

These are the 8 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size2 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Zinc

Interacts with
67 drugs
30 mg per serving

Zinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but suppleme...

Zinc monograph & interactions

Magnesium Glycinate

Interacts with
295 drugs
300 mg per serving

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preven...

Magnesium Glycinate monograph & interactions

DMAE

Interacts with
219 drugs
750 mg per serving

Deanol (DMAE) is a compound related to choline that is marketed for memory, focus, and mood, but solid human evidence for most of these uses is limite...

DMAE monograph & interactions

Inositol Hexanicotinate

Interacts with
223 drugs
750 mg per serving

Inositol nicotinate is a 'no-flush' form of niacin marketed for cholesterol and circulation. Evidence that it works as well as regular niacin is weak...

Inositol Hexanicotinate monograph & interactions

Bovine adrenal gland extract

500 mg per serving

Glycyrrhetinic Acid

200 mg per serving Form: Licorice extract

Korean Ginseng

100 mg per serving Form: Eleutherosides

Huperzine A

Interacts with
219 drugs
300 mcg per serving Form: Huperzia serrata

Huperzine A is a purified compound from a Chinese clubmoss that acts like a mild cholinesterase inhibitor, similar in mechanism to some prescription A...

Huperzine A monograph & interactions

Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Dextrose, Sodium Starch Glycolate, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silica. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Adrenal Care?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
616Drugs
6 Major 606 Moderate 4 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Magnesium Glycinate 295
Inositol Hexanicotinate 223
DMAE 219
Huperzine A 219
Zinc 67

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Adrenal Care interact with 616 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

5 of the 8 ingredients in Adrenal Care interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Magnesium Glycinate Inositol Hexanicotinate DMAE Huperzine A Zinc

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Adrenal Care with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Magnesium Glycinate15 drug types · 295 drugs

Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)

Magnesium can reduce the bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that taking magnesium oxide 1000 mg with levodopa 100 mg/carbidopa 10 mg reduces the area under the curve (AUC) of levodopa by 35% and of carbidopa by 81%. In vitro and animal research shows that magnesium produces an alkaline environment in the digestive tract, which might lead to degradation and reduced bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Concomitant use of aminoglycoside antibiotics and magnesium can increase the risk for neuromuscular weakness.
Both aminoglycosides and magnesium reduce presynaptic acetylcholine release, which can lead to neuromuscular blockade and possible paralysis. This is most likely to occur with high doses of magnesium given intravenously.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antacids

Use of acid reducers may reduce the laxative effect of magnesium oxide.
A retrospective analysis shows that, in the presence of H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a higher dose of magnesium oxide is needed for a laxative effect. This may also occur with antacids. Under acidic conditions, magnesium oxide is converted to magnesium chloride and then to magnesium bicarbonate, which has an osmotic laxative effect. By reducing acidity, antacids may reduce the conversion of magnesium oxide to the active bicarbonate salt.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Magnesium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after magnesium containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bisphosphonates

Magnesium can decrease absorption of bisphosphonates.
Cations, including magnesium, can decrease bisphosphonate absorption. Advise patients to separate doses of magnesium and these drugs by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcium Channel Blockers

Magnesium can have additive effects with calcium channel blockers, although evidence is conflicting.
Magnesium inhibits calcium entry into smooth muscle cells and may therefore have additive effects with calcium channel blockers. Severe hypotension and neuromuscular blockades may occur when nifedipine is used with intravenous magnesium, although some contradictory evidence suggests that concurrent use of magnesium with nifedipine does not increase the risk of neuromuscular weakness. High doses of magnesium could theoretically have additive effects with other calcium channel blockers.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin

Magnesium salts may reduce absorption of digoxin.
Clinical evidence suggests that treatment with oral magnesium hydroxide or magnesium trisilicate reduces absorption of digoxin from the intestines. This may reduce the blood levels of digoxin and decrease its therapeutic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics decrease excretion of magnesium, possibly increasing magnesium levels.
Potassium-sparing diuretics also have magnesium-sparing properties, which can counteract the magnesium losses associated with loop and thiazide diuretics. Theoretically, increased magnesium levels could result from concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics and magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of quinolones.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with quinolones and decrease their absorption. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Parenteral magnesium alters the pharmacokinetics of skeletal muscle relaxants, increasing their effects and accelerating the onset of effect.
Parenteral magnesium shortens the time to onset of skeletal muscle relaxants by about 1 minute and prolongs the duration of action by about 2 minutes. Magnesium potentiates the effects of skeletal muscle relaxants by decreasing calcium-mediated release of acetylcholine from presynaptic nerve terminals, reducing postsynaptic sensitivity to acetylcholine, and having a direct effect on the membrane potential of myocytes. Magnesium also has vasodilatory actions and increases cardiac output, allowing a greater amount of muscle relaxant to reach the motor end plate. A clinical study found that low-dose rocuronium (0.45 mg/kg), when given after administration of magnesium 30 mg/kg over 10 minutes, has an accelerated onset of effect, which matches the onset of effect seen with a full-dose rocuronium regimen (0.6 mg/kg). In another clinical study, onset times for rocuronium doses of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg/kg were 86, 76, and 50 seconds, respectively, when given alone, but were reduced to 66, 44, and 38 seconds, respectively, when the doses were given after a 15-minute infusion of magnesium sulfate 60 mg/kg. Giving intraoperative intravenous magnesium sulfate, 50 mg/kg loading dose followed by 15 mg/kg/hour, reduces the onset time of rocuronium, enhances its clinical effects, reduces the dose of intraoperative opiates, and prolongs the spontaneous recovery time. It does not affect the activity of subsequently administered neostigmine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Sulfonylureas

Magnesium increases the systemic absorption of sulfonylureas, increasing their effects and side effects.
Clinical research shows that administration of magnesium hydroxide with glyburide increases glyburide absorption, increases maximal insulin response by 35-fold, and increases the risk of hypoglycemia, when compared with glyburide alone. A similar interaction occurs between magnesium hydroxide and glipizide. The mechanism of this effect appears to be related to the elevation of gastrointestinal pH by magnesium-based antacids, increasing solubility and enhancing absorption of sulfonylureas.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of tetracyclines.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with tetracyclines in the gut and decrease their absorption and antibacterial activity. Advise patients to take these drugs 1 hour before or 2 hours after magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, magnesium may have antiplatelet effects, but the evidence is conflicting.
In vitro evidence shows that magnesium sulfate inhibits platelet aggregation, even at low concentrations. Some preliminary clinical evidence shows that infusion of magnesium sulfate increases bleeding time by 48% and reduces platelet activity. However, other clinical research shows that magnesium does not affect platelet aggregation, although inhibition of platelet-dependent thrombosis can occur.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

Gabapentin absorption can be decreased by magnesium.
Clinical research shows that giving magnesium oxide orally along with gabapentin decreases the maximum plasma concentration of gabapentin by 33%, time to maximum concentration by 36%, and area under the curve by 43%. Advise patients to take gabapentin at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Sevelamer (Renagel, Renvela)

Sevelamer may increase serum magnesium levels.
In patients on hemodialysis, sevelamer use was associated with a 0.28 mg/dL increase in serum magnesium. The mechanism of this interaction remains unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Magnesium Glycinate full monograph & interactions

Inositol Hexanicotinate4 drug types · 223 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, concomitant use of inositol nicotinate with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might increase the risk of bleeding.
Inositol nicotinate has fibrinolytic effects, which may increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, inositol nicotinate might increase blood glucose levels and may diminish the effects of antidiabetes drugs.
Inositol nicotinate is metabolized to niacin in the body. Niacin can cause hyperglycemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and glycosuria. Increased blood glucose monitoring may be necessary, particularly early in the course of treatment.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Hmg-Coa Reductase Inhibitors ("Statins")

Theoretically, concomitant use of inositol nicotinate and statins might increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
Inositol nicotinate is metabolized to niacin in the body. Some case reports have raised concerns that niacin might increase the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when combined with statins However, a significantly increased risk of myopathy has not been demonstrated in clinical trials.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Transdermal Nicotine (Nicoderm)

Theoretically, concomitant use of inositol nicotinate and transdermal nicotine might increase the risk of flushing and dizziness.
Inositol nicotinate is metabolized to niacin in the body. Inositol nicotinate and nicotine can both cause flushing and dizziness.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Inositol Hexanicotinate full monograph & interactions

DMAE2 drug types · 219 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, deanol might decrease the effectiveness of anticholinergic drugs.
Deanol is thought to increase acetylcholine levels.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, deanol might increase the effects and adverse effects of cholinergic drugs.
Deanol is thought to increase acetylcholine levels.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
DMAE full monograph & interactions

Huperzine A2 drug types · 219 drugs

Anticholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, huperzine A might decrease the effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Huperzine A has acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibiting effects. In animal models, huperzine A reversed cognitive deficits induced by scopolamine, an anticholinergic drug.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cholinergic Drugs

Theoretically, concurrent use of huperzine A with cholinergic drugs might increase the effects and side effects of these medications.
Huperzine A can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and might cause cumulative effects if used with cholinergic drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Huperzine A full monograph & interactions

Zinc10 drug types · 67 drugs

Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Theoretically, zinc might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after zinc containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Cephalexin (Keflex)

Zinc might decrease cephalexin levels by chelating with cephalexin in the gut and preventing its absorption.
A pharmacokinetic study shows that zinc sulfate 250 mg taken concomitantly with cephalexin 500 mg decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 31% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 27%. Also, taking zinc sulfate 3 hours before cephalexin decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 11% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 18%. By decreasing cephalexin levels, zinc might increase the risk of treatment failure. This effect does not occur when zinc is taken 3 hours after the cephalexin dose. To avoid an interaction, advise patients take zinc sulfate 3 hours after taking cephalexin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)

Theoretically, zinc might interfere with the therapeutic effects of cisplatin.
Animal research suggests that zinc stimulates tumor cell production of the protein metallothionein, which binds and inactivates cisplatin. It is not known whether zinc supplements or high dietary zinc intake can cause clinically significant interference with cisplatin therapy. Cisplatin might also increase zinc excretion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Integrase Inhibitors

Theoretically, taking zinc along with integrase inhibitors might decrease the levels and clinical effects of these drugs.
Zinc is a divalent cation. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that other divalent cations such as calcium and iron can decrease blood levels of the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir through chelation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen)

Zinc might reduce the levels and clinical effects of penicillamine.
By forming an insoluble complex with penicillamine, zinc interferes with penicillamine absorption and activity. Zinc supplements reduce the efficacy of low-dose penicillamine (0.5-1 gram/day), but do not seem to affect higher doses (1-2.75 gram/day), provided dosing times are separated. Advise patients to take zinc and penicillamine at least 2 hours apart.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Zinc can decrease the levels and clinical effects of quinolones antibiotics.
Quinolones form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing absorption of both the quinolone and zinc if taken at the same time. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Ritonavir (Norvir)

Zinc modestly reduces levels of ritonavir.
Clinical research shows that zinc might reduce serum ritonavir levels by chelating with ritonavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. In patients with HIV, ritonavir is taken with atazanavir to prevent the metabolism and increase the effects of atazanavir. A pharmacokinetic study shows that, in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg as a single dose or as multiple daily doses for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of ritonavir by about 16%. However, atazanavir levels still remains high enough to prevent HIV virus replication. Therefore, the decrease in ritonavir levels is not likely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Zinc might reduce levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Tetracyclines form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, which can reduce absorption of both the tetracycline and zinc when taken at the same time. Taking zinc sulfate 200 mg with tetracycline reduces absorption of the antibiotic by 30% to 40%. Demeclocycline and minocycline cause a similar interaction. However, doxycycline does not seem to interact significantly with zinc. Advise patients to take tetracyclines at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements to avoid any interactions.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Amiloride (Midamor)

Amiloride can modestly reduce zinc excretion and increase zinc levels.
Clinical research shows that amiloride can reduce urinary zinc excretion, especially at doses of 10 mg per day or more. This zinc-sparing effect can help to counteract zinc losses caused by thiazide diuretics, but it is unlikely to cause zinc toxicity at usual amiloride doses. The other potassium-sparing diuretics, spironolactone (Aldactone) and triamterene (Dyrenium), do not seem to have a zinc-sparing effect.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Atazanavir (Reyataz)

Zinc modestly reduces levels of atazanavir, although this effect does not seem to be clinically significant.
Clinical research shows that zinc might decrease serum atazanavir levels by chelating with atazanavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. Although a single dose of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg orally does not affect atazanavir concentrations in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate 125 mg daily for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of atazanavir by about 22% in these patients. However, despite this decrease, atazanavir levels still remain at high enough concentrations for the prevention of HIV virus replication.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Zinc full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Adrenal Care, from the product label.

Blackstone Labs

See all Blackstone Labs products
Name
Blackstone Labs
City
Boca Raton
State
FL
ZipCode
33487
Phone Number
1-877-454-6861
Web Address
www.BlackStoneLabs.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs: Common Questions

Does Adrenal Care by Blackstone Labs interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Adrenal Care has a known interaction with 616 medications, including 6 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Adrenal Care contains 8 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is zinc safe to take with antibiotics?
Not without spacing them apart. Zinc can form complexes with quinolone antibiotics, cephalexin, and tetracyclines, reducing antibiotic absorption by 27% to 40%. Take zinc at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, these antibiotics. Check with your pharmacist about your specific antibiotic.
Can I take this with my blood pressure or heart medication?
Magnesium in this product can have additive effects with calcium channel blockers—drugs like nifedipine or diltiazem—which could lower your blood pressure further or cause dizziness. Magnesium also interacts with other heart and potassium-regulating drugs. Always check with your pharmacist first.
What are the most common side effects of this product?
Zinc can cause abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and a metallic taste. Magnesium commonly causes diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Huperzine A may cause blurred vision, dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, or diarrhea. DMAE can cause drowsiness, insomnia, or nausea. Side effects tend to be dose-related.
Is this safe during pregnancy?
The facts show conflicting ratings for zinc (both likely safe and likely unsafe), and magnesium is noted as possibly to likely safe but only under medical guidance. DMAE, inositol nicotinate, and huperzine A have insufficient or no safety data. Talk with your doctor or pharmacist before taking this product while pregnant—you'll need personalized advice based on your situation.
Will this help my memory or brain fog?
Huperzine A is possibly effective for Alzheimer disease, but evidence for general cognitive impairment, memory, or brain fog is insufficient. DMAE and inositol nicotinate lack established evidence for cognitive benefit in the data we hold.
Can I take this with my diabetes medication?
Inositol nicotinate (a niacin compound) in this product can raise blood glucose and may reduce diabetes drug effectiveness—niacin at 3–5 grams daily increases blood glucose in people with or without diabetes. Magnesium can also increase insulin response to sulfonylurea drugs, raising low-blood-sugar risk. Check with your pharmacist and monitor your blood sugar closely.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Adrenal Care’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Zinc

Interacts with 67 drugs

Zinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but supplements can help correct or prevent a defici...

Read the full Zinc monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Magnesium

Interacts with 295 drugs

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preventing or correcting deficiency. Some othe...

Read the full Magnesium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Deanol

Interacts with 219 drugs

Deanol (DMAE) is a compound related to choline that is marketed for memory, focus, and mood, but solid human evidence for most of these uses is limited or mixed. It can cause side effects in...

Read the full Deanol monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Inositol Nicotinate

Interacts with 223 drugs

Inositol nicotinate is a 'no-flush' form of niacin marketed for cholesterol and circulation. Evidence that it works as well as regular niacin is weak and inconsistent, and it is not a proven...

Read the full Inositol Nicotinate monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Huperzine A

Interacts with 219 drugs

Huperzine A is a purified compound from a Chinese clubmoss that acts like a mild cholinesterase inhibitor, similar in mechanism to some prescription Alzheimer's drugs. Some small studies sug...

Read the full Huperzine A monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Adrenal Care's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 219 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Zinc 88 references
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  2. Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW. Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1984;25:20-4. DOI
  3. Smith DS, Helzner EC, Nuttall CE Jr, et al. Failure of zinc gluconate in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:646-8. PubMed
  4. Blondeau JM. Expanded activity and utility of the new fluoroquinolones: a review. Clin Ther 1999;21:3-40. PubMed
  5. Reyes AJ, Olhaberry JV, Leary WP, et al. Urinary zinc excretion, diuretics, zinc deficiency and some side-effects of diuretics. S Afr Med J 1983;64:936-41.
  6. Kugelmas M. Preliminary observation: oral zinc sulfate replacement is effective in treating muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:13-5. PubMed
  7. Hebel SK, ed. Drug Facts and Comparisons. 52nd ed. St. Louis: Facts and Comparisons, 1998.
  8. Chan S, Gerson B, Subramaniam S. The role of copper, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc in nutrition and health. Clin Lab Med 1998;18:673-85. DOI
  9. Brewer GJ, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Johnson V, et al. Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc: XI. Interaction with other anticopper agents. J Am Coll Nutr 1993;12:26-30. PubMed
  10. Fosmire GJ. Zinc toxicity. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;51:225-7.
  11. Lomaestro BM, Bailie GR. Absorption interactions with fluoroquinolones. 1995 update. Drug Saf 1995;12:314-33. PubMed
  12. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
  13. Seelig MS. Auto-immune complications of D-penicillamine - A possible result of zinc and magnesium depletion and of pyridoxine inactivation. J Am Coll Nutr 1982;1:207-14. PubMed
  14. Neuvonen PJ. Interactions with the absorption of tetracyclines. Drugs 1976;11:45-54.. PubMed
  15. Hirt M, Nobel S, Barron E. Zinc nasal gel for the treatment of common cold symptoms: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ear Nose Throat J 2000;79:778-82.. DOI
  16. Simkin PA. Oral zinc sulphate in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1976;2:539-42. PubMed
  17. Wray D. A double-blind trial of systemic zinc sulfate in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1982;53:469-72. PubMed
  18. Douglas RM, Miles HB, Moore BW, et al. Failure of effervescent zinc acetate lozenges to alter the course of upper respiratory tract infections in Australian adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987;31:1263-5. PubMed
  19. Lagiou P, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, et al. Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece. Urology 1999;54:284-90. PubMed
  20. Ewing CI, Gibbs AC, Ashcroft C, David TJ. Failure of oral zinc supplementation in atopic eczema. Eur J Clin Nutr 1991;45:507-10.
  21. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  22. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss. AREDS report no. 8. Arch Oph
  23. Greenberg JE, Lynn M, Kirsner RS, et al. Mucocutaneous pigmented macule as a result of zinc deposition. J Cutan Pathol 2002;29:613-5. PubMed
  24. Godfrey HR, Godfrey NJ, Godfrey JC, Riley D. A randomized clinical trial on the treatment of oral herpes with topical zinc oxide/glycine. Altern Ther Health Med 2001;7:49-56.
  25. Turner RB. Ineffectiveness of intranasal zinc gluconate for prevention of experimental rhinovirus colds. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1865-70. PubMed
  26. Belongia EA, Berg R, Liu K. A randomized trial of zinc nasal spray for the treatment of upper respiratory illness in adults. Am J Med 2001;111:103-8. PubMed
  27. Mossad SB. Effect of zincum gluconicum nasal gel on the duration and symptom severity of the common cold in otherwise healthy adults. QJM 2003;96:35-43. DOI
  28. Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Wu K, et al. Zinc supplement use and risk of prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003;95:1004-7.. PubMed
  29. Jafek BW, Linschoten M, Murrow BW. Zicam Induced Anosmia. American Rhinologic Society 49th Annual Fall Scientific Meeting abstract. Orlando, Florida. September 20, 2003. http://app.american-rhinologic.org/programs/2003ARSFallProgram071503.pdf (Accessed 24
  30. Uebayashi H, Hatanaka T, Kanemura F, Tonosaki K. Acute anosmia in the mouse: behavioral discrimination among the four basic taste substances. Physiol Behav 2001;72:291-6.. PubMed
  31. Barrett S. Zicam Marketers Sued. United States District Court Western District of Michigan Southern Division, Filed October 14, 2003, Case No. 4:03CV0146.
  32. Bilici M, Yildirim F, Kandil S, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of zinc sulfate in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004;28:181-90.. PubMed
  33. Polk RE, Healy DP, Sahai J, et al. Effect of ferrous sulfate and multivitamins with zinc on absorption of ciprofloxacin in normal volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:1841-4. PubMed
  34. Mery C, Delrieu F, Ghozlan R, et al. Controlled trial of D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. Dose effect and the role of zinc. Scand J Rheumatol 1976;5:241-7. PubMed
  35. Penttila O, Hurme H, Neuvonen PJ. Effect of zinc sulfate on the absorption of tetracycline and doxycycline in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1975;9:131-4.
  36. Kondo Y, Yamagata K, Satoh M, et al. Optimal administration schedule of cisplatin for bladder tumor with minimal induction of metallothionein. J Urol 2003;170:2467-70. PubMed
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  38. Wester PO. Urinary zinc excretion during treatment with different diuretics. Acta Med Scand 1980;208:209-12. PubMed
  39. Golik A, Modai D, Weissgarten J, et al. Hydrochlorothiazide-amiloride causes excessive urinary zinc excretion. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987;42:42-4. PubMed
  40. Leary WP, Reyes AJ, Van der Byl K. Urinary magnesium and zinc excretion after two different single doses of amiloride in healthy adults. Curr Ther Res 1983;34:205-16.
  41. McBride K, Slotnick B, Margolis FL. Does intranasal application of zinc sulfate produce anosmia in the mouse? An olfactometric and anatomical study. Chem Senses 2003;28:659-70. PubMed
  42. Burd GD. Morphological study of the effects of intranasal zinc sulfate irrigation on the mouse olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb. Microsc Res Tech 1993;24:195-213. PubMed
  43. Ducray A, Bondier JR, Michel G, et al. Recovery following peripheral destruction of olfactory neurons in young and adult mice. Eur J Neurosci 2002;15:1907-17. PubMed
  44. Mayer AD, Rosenblatt JS. Peripheral olfactory deafferentation of the primary olfactory system in rats using ZnSO4 nasal spray with special reference to maternal behavior. Physiol Behav 1993;53:587-92. PubMed
  45. DeCook CA, Hirsch AR. Anosmia due to inhalational zinc: a case report (abstract). Chem Senses 2000;25:659.
  46. Tisdall FF, Brown A, Defries RD. Persistent anosmia following zinc sulfate nasal spraying. JPed 1938;18:60-2. DOI
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  48. Public Health Advisory. Loss of sense of smell with intranasal cold remedies containing zinc. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, June 16, 2009. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PublicHealthAdvisories/ucm166059.htm (Accessed 16 June 2009)
  49. Dooren JC. FDA warns against use of Zicam. The Wall Street Journal, June 16, 2009. Available at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124516778692319231.html#mod=djemHL?mg=com-wsj (Accessed 16 June 2009).
  50. Alexander TH, Davidson TM. Intranasal zinc and anosmia: the zinc-induced anosmia syndrome. Laryngoscope 2006;116:217-20.
  51. Health Canada / GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare. Association of long-term, excessive use of zinc-containing Poli-Grip products with myeloneuropathy and blood dyscrasias. February 18, 2010. Available at: http://hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/pdf/medef
  52. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Advisory. GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) warns about a potential health risk associated with long-term, excessive use of GSK's zinc-containing denture adhesives Super Polygrip Original, Ultra Fresh and Extra Care. February 18, 2010. Availa
  53. Science M, Johnstone J, Roth DE, et al. Zinc for the treatment of the common cold: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. CMAJ 2012;184:E551-61. PubMed
  54. Castilla-Higuero, L., Romero-Gomez, M., Suarez, E., and Castro, M. Acute hepatitis after starting zinc therapy in a patient with presymptomatic Wilson's disease. Hepatology 2000;32(4 Pt 1):877. PubMed
  55. Sharquie, K. E., Najim, R. A., Farjou, I. B., and Al Timimi, D. J. Oral zinc sulphate in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis. Clin.Exp.Dermatol. 2001;26(1):21-26. PubMed
  56. Dreno, B., Moyse, D., Alirezai, M., Amblard, P., Auffret, N., Beylot, C., Bodokh, I., Chivot, M., Daniel, F., Humbert, P., Meynadier, J., and Poli, F. Multicenter randomized comparative double-blind controlled clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of
  57. Moore, R. Bleeding gastric erosion after oral zinc sulphate. Br.Med J 3-25-1978;1(6115):754. PubMed
  58. Jafek, B. W., Linschoten, M. R., and Murrow, B. W. Anosmia after intranasal zinc gluconate use. Am J Rhinol. 2004;18(3):137-141. DOI
  59. Simonart, T. and de, Maertelaer, V. Systemic treatments for cutaneous warts: a systematic review. J Dermatolog.Treat. 2012;23(1):72-77. PubMed
  60. Cochran, R. J., Tucker, S. B., and Flannigan, S. A. Topical zinc therapy for acne vulgaris. Int.J Dermatol. 1985;24(3):188-190. DOI
  61. Morgan, A. A. Bleeding gastric erosion after oral zinc sulphate. Br.Med.J. 5-13-1978;1(6122):1283-1284. PubMed
  62. Murphy, J. V. Intoxication following ingestion of elemental zinc. JAMA 6-22-1970;212(12):2119-2120.
  63. Lang, C. J., Rabas-Kolominsky, P., Engelhardt, A., Kobras, G., and Konig, H. J. Fatal deterioration of Wilson's disease after institution of oral zinc therapy. Arch Neurol. 1993;50(10):1007-1008. PubMed
  64. Fjellner, B. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus aggravated by oral zinc therapy. Acta Derm.Venereol. 1979;59(4):368-370. DOI
  65. Varas Lorenzo, M. J. Zinc acexamate and ranitidine in the short- and mid-term management of gastroduodenal ulcers. Curr Ther Res 21986;39:19-29.
  66. Bosch, F. and Jimenez, E. Post-marketing surveillance of zinc acexamate in peptic ulcer treatment. Clin Trials J 1990;27:301-312.
  67. DeCook, C. A. and Hirsch, A. R. Anosmia due to inhalational zinc: a case report (abstract). Chem Senses 2000;25:659.
  68. Crown LA, May JA. Zinc toxicity: denture adhesives, bone marrow failure and polyneuropathy. Tenn Med. 2012 Feb;105(2):39-40, 42.
  69. Dadamio J, Van Tournout M, Teughels W, Dekeyser C, Coucke W, Quirynen M. Efficacy of different mouthrinse formulations in reducing oral malodour: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 May;40(5):505-13. PubMed
  70. Moyle G, Else L, Jackson A, Back D, Yapa MH, Seymour N, Ringner-Nackter L, Karolia Z, Gazzard B, Boffito M. Coadministration of atazanavir-ritonavir and zinc sulfate: impact on hyperbilirubinemia and pharmacokinetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Aug PubMed
  71. Zittel S, Ufer F, Gerloff C, Münchau A, Rosenkranz M. Severe myelopathy after denture cream use--is copper deficiency or excess zinc the cause? Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2014 Jun;121:17-8. PubMed
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  74. Ding Y, Jia YY, Li F, et al. The effect of staggered administration of zinc sulfate on the pharmacokinetics of oral cephalexin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Mar;73(3):422-7. PubMed
  75. Fallah R, Sabbaghzadegan S, Karbasi SA, Binesh F. Efficacy of zinc sulfate supplement on febrile seizure recurrence prevention in children with normal serum zinc level: A randomised clinical trial. Nutrition. 2015;31(11-12):1358-61. PubMed
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See these in context on the Zinc monograph →

Magnesium 82 references
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  10. Heidenreich O. Mode of action of conventional and potassium-sparing diuretics--aspects with relevance to Mg-sparing effects. Magnesium 1984;3:248-56..
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  15. Mittendorf R, Dambrosia J, Pryde PG, et al. Association between the use of antenatal magnesium sulfate in preterm labor and adverse health outcomes in infants. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:1111-8.. PubMed
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  31. Kivistö KT, Neuvonen PJ. Enhancement of absorption and effect of glipizide by magnesium hydroxide. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1991;49(1):39-43. PubMed
  32. Neuvonen PJ, Kivistö KT. Enhancement of drug absorption by antacids. An unrecognised drug interaction. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1994;27(2):120-8. PubMed
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  35. Horner, S. M. Efficacy of intravenous magnesium in acute myocardial infarction in reducing arrhythmias and mortality. Meta-analysis of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1992;86(3):774-779. PubMed
  36. Azria, E., Tsatsaris, V., Goffinet, F., Kayem, G., Mignon, A., and Cabrol, D. [Magnesium sulfate in obstetrics: current data]. J Gynecol.Obstet.Biol.Reprod.(Paris) 2004;33(6 Pt 1):510-517.
  37. Magee, L. A., Miremadi, S., Li, J., Cheng, C., Ensom, M. H., Carleton, B., Cote, A. M., and von Dadelszen, P. Therapy with both magnesium sulfate and nifedipine does not increase the risk of serious magnesium-related maternal side effects in women with p
  38. Henyan, N. N., Gillespie, E. L., White, C. M., Kluger, J., and Coleman, C. I. Impact of intravenous magnesium on post-cardiothoracic surgery atrial fibrillation and length of hospital stay: a meta-analysis. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2005;80(6):2402-2406. PubMed
  39. Li, J., Zhang, Q., Zhang, M., and Egger, M. Intravenous magnesium for acute myocardial infarction. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2007;(2):CD002755. PubMed
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  41. Han, S., Crowther, C. A., and Moore, V. Magnesium maintenance therapy for preventing preterm birth after threatened preterm labour. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2010;(7):CD000940. PubMed
  42. Duley, L., Gulmezoglu, A. M., Henderson-Smart, D. J., and Chou, D. Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2010;(11):CD000025. PubMed
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