EstroPro Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by USANA
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking EstroPro against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
EstroPro is a dietary supplement by USANA with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for sore throat and cough, heartburn and stomach upset, mouth ulcers and digestive complaints.Based on those ingredients, 1,406 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Licorice Root Extract, Flaxseed Extract, Isoflavones. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against EstroPro by USANA
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with EstroPro by USANA — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of EstroPro by USANA
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Full disclosure
EstroPro contains three active ingredients. Licorice root extract has been studied for skin conditions like eczema and canker sores, where it shows possibly effective evidence.
Isoflavones (the active compound from kudzu) have been studied for alcohol use disorder with possibly effective evidence, though long-term safety data is limited. Flaxseed extract is possibly effective for high cholesterol, blood sugar control, breast pain, high blood pressure, and constipation.
The product also contains inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, modified starch, croscarmellose sodium, vegetable fatty acid, silicon dioxide, maltodextrin, sunflower lecithin, palm olein, and guar gum — which serve as fillers and binders.
Does it work?
Not established
Licorice root is possibly effective for atopic dermatitis (eczema) and canker sores. There's insufficient reliable evidence to rate its use for Addison disease or asthma.
Isoflavones are possibly effective for alcohol use disorder, though long-term safety hasn't been well established; evidence for allergic rhinitis, angina, and back pain is insufficient. Flaxseed extract is possibly effective for high cholesterol, diabetes, breast pain, high blood pressure, and constipation.
If you're using EstroPro for one of these purposes, effectiveness varies by ingredient and condition — your pharmacist can help you weigh the evidence for your specific needs.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Licorice root is generally well tolerated in small food amounts, but the active compound glycyrrhizin can cause serious problems at high doses or with long-term use. Most common side effects are headache, nausea, and vomiting; rare serious effects are possible with overuse.
Licorice is unsafe in pregnancy due to links to harmful fetal effects, and there isn't enough safety data to recommend it while breastfeeding. Isoflavones are generally well tolerated short-term, but long-term safety isn't established; they should be avoided in pregnancy and breastfeeding due to insufficient safety data and possible hormone-like effects.
Flaxseed extract is usually well tolerated but commonly causes bloating, diarrhea, and gas — start with small amounts and drink plenty of water. Higher doses are more likely to cause digestive upset.
It's possibly unsafe in pregnancy because of hormone-like effects, and there isn't reliable safety information for breastfeeding.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking EstroPro, double-check these medication types: heart medications like digoxin (moderate interaction with licorice), blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs like warfarin or aspirin (moderate with both licorice and isoflavones, and flaxseed), estrogen therapy including birth control (moderate — both isoflavones and flaxseed may alter effects), diabetes medications (moderate with isoflavones and flaxseed, minor with isoflavones), loop diuretics or other water pills (moderate with licorice), methotrexate (moderate with isoflavones), tamoxifen (moderate with isoflavones), hepatotoxic drugs (moderate with isoflavones), antibiotics (moderate with flaxseed), and caffeine supplements or medications (moderate with isoflavones). Check each medication with the tool on this page.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFully disclosed formula with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
EstroPro may be worth considering if you're interested in evidence for eczema, high cholesterol, blood sugar control, or blood pressure — but only after checking your exact medications against the interaction tool below. If you take digoxin, warfarin, loop diuretics, diabetes pills, estrogen therapy, antibiotics, or blood thinners, talk with your pharmacist before starting.
Pregnant or breastfeeding? These ingredients aren't recommended — speak with your doctor first.
Your pharmacist can help you weigh the evidence and interactions for your specific situation.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 23, 2025.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about EstroPro, straight from the product label.
| Brand | USANA |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 56 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jan 23, 2025 |
| DSLD ID | 322316 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Women (not pregnant or lactating), Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Seniors/Mature (>50 Years) - Women ONLY |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for EstroPro by USANA, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Licorice Root Extract | 30 mg | -- |
| Isoflavones | 24 mg | -- |
| Flaxseed Extract | 52.5 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Starch, Modified, Croscarmellose Sodium, Vegetable Fatty Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Maltodextrin, Sunflower Lecithin, Palm Olein, Guar Gum
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Formula
For women 40 and older.
Precautions
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not take this product if you are pregnant, nursing, taking a prescription drug, have a gastrointestinal disorder, or other medical condition without first consulting your physician.
There is a safety seal under the cap. Do not use if the seal is broken or missing.
Contains: Soy.
Storage
Keep tablets in original container with the lid tightly closed between use. Store in a cool, dry place. Store below 25 degrees C.
Formulation
Laboratory tested. Quality guaranteed. Meets USP specification for uniformity, potency, and disintegration, where applicable.
Women's health support
Brand IP Statement(s)
Discard seal, empty & replace cap Plastic bottle how2recycle.info
Seals/Symbols
MWT Potency Guaranteed
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Directions: Women 40 and older take two (2) tablets daily, spaced evenly throughout the day.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
EstroPro by USANA label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in EstroPro by USANA
These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container56 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Licorice Root Extract
Interacts with1,040 drugs
Licorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regu...
Licorice Root Extract monograph & interactionsIsoflavones
Interacts with584 drugs
Kudzu is a fast-growing vine whose root has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is now studied mostly for reducing alcohol intake. Earl...
Isoflavones monograph & interactionsFlaxseed Extract
Interacts with597 drugs
Flaxseed is a nutritious food rich in fiber, omega-3 fats (ALA), and plant compounds called lignans. It is most reliably helpful for constipation and...
Flaxseed Extract monograph & interactionsOther (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Starch, Modified, Croscarmellose Sodium, Vegetable Fatty Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Maltodextrin, Sunflower Lecithin, Palm Olein, Guar Gum. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
EstroPro by USANA Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
EstroPro by USANA contains three active ingredients, each with documented interactions with medications.
The most serious concern is licorice root extract's moderate interaction with digoxin (Lanoxin), a heart medication — licorice can increase the risk of heart toxicity, particularly through potassium loss. Licorice also interacts moderately with blood thinners like warfarin (Coumadin), potentially reducing their effectiveness, and with loop diuretics (water pills), which may amplify licorice's salt-retaining effects.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
The isoflavones (from kudzu) carry moderate interactions with several drug types: blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs like aspirin (risk of bleeding), estrogen therapy (may enhance or reduce its effects), hepatotoxic drugs (additive liver risk), caffeine (may raise caffeine levels), methotrexate (cancer and autoimmune drug — may increase toxicity), and tamoxifen (breast cancer drug — may interfere). Isoflavones also interact with diabetes medications at a minor severity level (increased low blood sugar risk).
Flaxseed extract has moderate interactions with blood pressure drugs (may lower blood pressure too much), antibiotics (may alter flaxseed's effects), estrogen therapy (may reduce its potency), blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (may increase bleeding), and diabetes medications (may worsen low blood sugar). Altogether, these interactions span 1,384 individual medications.
Check your exact medications using the search tool on this page before starting EstroPro.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against EstroPro?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in EstroPro interact with 1,406 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 3 ingredients in EstroPro interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Licorice Root Extract Flaxseed Extract Isoflavones
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, LamivudineTriumeq
How Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abacavir Sulfate, Dolutegravir, Lamivudine interactionAbacavir, LamivudineEpzicom
How Abacavir, Lamivudine interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abacavir, Lamivudine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Flaxseed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Abciximab interactionIsoflavonesAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, kudzu may increase the risk of bleeding if used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abiraterone interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abiraterone Acetate interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with EstroPro — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Abrocitinib interactionIsoflavonesAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, kudzu may increase the risk of bleeding if used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Isoflavones + Abrocitinib interactionFlaxseed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with EstroPro — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Flaxseed ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk for hypoglycemia.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Acarbose interactionIsoflavonesAntidiabetes Drugs, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with EstroPro — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acebutolol interactionFlaxseed ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Acebutolol interactionLicorice Root ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, kudzu may increase the risk of bleeding if used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acenocoumarol interactionFlaxseed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with EstroPro — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFlaxseed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with EstroPro — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Flaxseed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Flaxseed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionIsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs, Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesCaffeine, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionIsoflavonesCaffeine, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionIsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs, Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesCaffeine, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionIsoflavonesCaffeine, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionIsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs, Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
IsoflavonesCaffeine, Hepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionLicorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Diuretic Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionIsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with EstroPro — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Licorice Root ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Licorice Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionIsoflavonesHepatotoxic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
Read the full Isoflavones + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in EstroPro with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Licorice Root Extract
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
In human research, licorice increases blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner.
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)
Theoretically, licorice might reduce the effects of cisplatin.
In animal research, licorice diminished the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin.
Corticosteroids
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice and corticosteroids might increase the side effects of corticosteroids.
Case reports suggest that concomitant use of licorice and oral corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone, can potentiate the duration of activity and increase blood levels of corticosteroids. Additionally, in one case report, a patient with neurogenic orthostatic hypertension stabilized on fludrocortisone 0.1 mg twice daily developed pseudohyperaldosteronism after recent consumption of large amounts of black licorice.
Cytochrome P450 2B6 (Cyp2B6) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
In vitro research shows that licorice extract and glabridin, a licorice constituent, inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes. Licorice extract from the species G. uralensis seems to inhibit CYP2B6 isoenzymes to a greater degree than G. glabra extract in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6; however, these interactions have not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro, licorice extracts from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibit CYP2C19 isoenzymes in vitro. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C8 (Cyp2C8) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8.
In vitro, licorice extract from the species G. glabra and G. uralensis inhibits CYP2C8 isoenzymes. Theoretically, these species of licorice might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C8; however, this interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
There is conflicting evidence about the effect of licorice on CYP2C9 enzyme activity. In vitro research shows that extracts from the licorice species G. glabra and G. uralensis moderately inhibit CYP2C9 isoenzymes. However, evidence from an animal model shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis can induce hepatic CYP2C9 activity. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP2C9 substrates.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Pharmacokinetic research shows that the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin, taken in a dosage of 150 mg orally twice daily for 14 days, modestly decreases the area under the concentration-time curve of midazolam by about 20%. Midazolam is a substrate of CYP3A4, suggesting that glycyrrhizin modestly induces CYP3A4 activity. Animal research also shows that licorice extract from the species G. uralensis induces CYP3A4 activity. However, licorice extract from G. glabra species appear to inhibit CYP3A4-induced metabolism of testosterone in vitro. It is thought that the G. glabra inhibits CYP3A4 due to its constituent glabridin, which is a moderate CYP3A4 inhibitor in vitro and not present in other licorice species. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking CYP3A4 substrates.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with digoxin might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity.
Overuse or misuse of licorice with cardiac glycoside therapy might increase the risk of cardiac toxicity due to potassium loss.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of licorice with diuretic drugs might increase the risk of hypokalemia.
Overuse of licorice might compound diuretic-induced potassium loss. In one case report, a 72-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, arrhythmia, stroke, and hepatic dysfunction was hospitalized with severe hypokalemia and uncontrolled hypertension due to pseudohyperaldosteronism. This was thought to be provoked by concomitant daily consumption of a product containing 225 mg of glycyrrhizin, a constituent of licorice, and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg for 1 month.
Estrogens
Theoretically, licorice might increase or decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
Theoretically, licorice might interfere with estrogen therapy due to estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects.
Loop Diuretics
Theoretically, loop diuretics might increase the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice.
Theoretically, loop diuretics might enhance the mineralocorticoid effects of licorice by inhibiting the enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone; however, bumetanide (Bumex) does not appear to have this effect.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease levels of midazolam.
In humans, the licorice constituent glycyrrhizin appears to moderately induce the metabolism of midazolam. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 by licorice. Until more is known, licorice should be used cautiously in people taking midazolam.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the absorption of P-glycoprotein substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice can increase P-glycoprotein activity.
Paclitaxel (Abraxane, Onxol)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of paclitaxel.
Multiple doses of licorice taken concomitantly with paclitaxel might reduce the effectiveness of paclitaxel. Animal research shows that licorice 3 grams/kg given orally for 14 days before intravenous administration of paclitaxel decreases the exposure to paclitaxel and increases its clearance. Theoretically, this occurs because licorice induces cytochrome P450 3A4 enzymes, which metabolize paclitaxel. Notably, a single dose of licorice did not affect exposure or clearance of paclitaxel.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, licorice might decrease plasma levels and clinical effects of warfarin.
Licorice seems to increase metabolism and decrease levels of warfarin in animal models. This is likely due to induction of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolism by licorice. Advise patients taking warfarin to avoid taking licorice.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, licorice might decrease the levels and clinical effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that licorice induces CYP1A2 enzymes.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, licorice might increase levels of methotrexate.
Animal research suggests that intravenous administration of glycyrrhizin, a licorice constituent, and high-dose methotrexate may delay methotrexate excretion and increase systemic exposure, leading to transient elevations in liver enzymes and total bilirubin. This interaction has not yet been reported in humans.
Flaxseed Extract
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, antibiotics might interfere with the metabolism of flaxseed constituents, which could potentially alter the effects of flaxseed.
Some potential benefits of flaxseed are thought to be due to its lignan content. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a major lignan precursor, is found in high concentrations in flaxseed. SDG is converted by bacteria in the colon to the lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. Antibiotics alter the flora of the colon, which could theoretically alter the metabolism of flaxseed.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Some clinical evidence suggests that the oil contained in flaxseed can decrease platelet aggregation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk for hypoglycemia.
Some clinical research suggests that flaxseed can lower blood glucose levels.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of hypotension.
Clinical research shows that daily flaxseed consumption, especially for longer than 12 weeks, modestly reduces blood pressure.
Estrogens
Theoretically, taking flaxseed might decrease the effects of estrogens.
Flaxseed contains lignans with mild estrogenic and possible antiestrogenic effects. The lignans seem to compete with circulating endogenous estrogen and might reduce estrogen binding to estrogen receptors, resulting in an anti-estrogen effect. It is unclear if this effect transfers to exogenously administered estrogens.
Isoflavones
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, kudzu may increase the risk of bleeding if used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Kudzu isoflavones are reported to have antiplatelet activity.
Caffeine
Theoretically, taking kudzu with caffeine might increase levels of caffeine.
In healthy males injected with the kudzu constituent puerarin, caffeine clearance and metabolism is inhibited. This effect has been attributed to inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme, which is involved in caffeine metabolism. It is unclear if taking kudzu orally would have this same effect.
Estrogens
Theoretically, kudzu might alter the effects of estrogen therapy.
Some research suggests that kudzu has estrogenic effects. This may enhance or inhibit the effects of estrogen therapy.
Hepatotoxic Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use might have additive hepatotoxic effects.
There is some concern that kudzu can adversely affect the liver.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, taking kudzu with methotrexate might increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
Preclinical research suggests that kudzu extract greatly reduces the elimination and increases the toxicity of methotrexate. Kudzu might inhibit organic anion transporters (OATs) that are responsible for hepatobiliary and renal excretion of anions, similar to the interaction between methotrexate and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, kudzu might interfere with tamoxifen activity.
Some research suggests that kudzu may have estrogenic effects.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking kudzu with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Kudzu might lower blood glucose levels and have additive effects in patients treated with antidiabetic agents. The dose of diabetes medications might need to be adjusted.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for EstroPro, from the product label.
USANA
See all USANA products- Name
- USANA Health Sciences, Inc.
- Street Address
- 3838 W. Parkway Blvd.
- City
- Salt Lake City
- State
- Utah
- ZipCode
- 84120
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind EstroPro’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Licorice
Interacts with 1,040 drugsLicorice root is a traditional remedy used for sore throats, coughs, and digestive complaints, but solid human evidence is limited for most uses. Regular licorice contains glycyrrhizin, whic...
Read the full Licorice monograph → Herb & supplement monographKudzu
Interacts with 584 drugsKudzu is a fast-growing vine whose root has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is now studied mostly for reducing alcohol intake. Early research is promising for cutting back...
Read the full Kudzu monograph → Herb & supplement monographFlaxseed
Interacts with 597 drugsFlaxseed is a nutritious food rich in fiber, omega-3 fats (ALA), and plant compounds called lignans. It is most reliably helpful for constipation and may modestly lower cholesterol, but evid...
Read the full Flaxseed monograph →Sources & How We Checked
EstroPro's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 150 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Licorice 92 references
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- Zhang YD, Lorenzo B, Reidenberg MM. Inhibition of 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase obtained from guinea pig kidney by furosemide, naringenin and some other compounds. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1994;49:81-5.
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- Amato P, Christophe S, Mellon PL. Estrogenic activity of herbs commonly used as remedies for menopausal symptoms. Menopause 2002;9:145-50. PubMed
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- Mu Y, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Traditional Chinese medicines Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra chinensis Baill) and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch) activate pregnane X receptor and increase warfarin clearance in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006;316:1369-77. PubMed
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- Lin SH, Yang SS, Chau T, Halperin ML. An unusual cause of hypokalemic paralysis: chronic licorice ingestion. Am J Med Sci 2003;325:153-6. PubMed
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- Stormer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J. Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice - evaluation of health hazard. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31:303-12. PubMed
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- Lapi F, Gallo E, Bernasconi S, et al. Myopathies associated with red yeast rice and liquorice: spontaneous reports from the Italian Surveillance System of Natural Health Products. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:572-4. PubMed
- Chen MF, Shimada F, Kato H, Yano S, Kanaoka M. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone following low dosage of prednisolone hemisuccinate. Endocrinol Jpn 1990;37:331-41. PubMed
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- Heidemann HT, Kreuzfelder E. Hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria due to licorice ingestion and diuretic treatment. Klin Wochenschr 1983;61:303-5. PubMed
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- Räikkönen K, Seckl JR, Heinonen K, Pyhälä R, Feldt K, Jones A, Pesonen AK, Phillips DI, Lahti J, Järvenpää AL, Eriksson JG, Matthews KA, Strandberg TE, Kajantie E. Maternal prenatal licorice consumption alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis fu
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- Hasegawa, J., Suyama, Y., Kinugawa, T., Morisawa, T., and Kishimoto, Y. Echocardiographic findings of the heart resembling dilated cardiomyopathy during hypokalemic myopathy due to licorice-induced pseudoaldosteronism. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 1998;12(6):59 PubMed
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- Brouwers, A. J. and van der, Meulen J. ['Licorice hypertension' also caused by licorice tea]. Ned.Tijdschr Geneeskd. 4-14-2001;145(15):744-747.
- van Rossum, T. G., Vulto, A. G., Hop, W. C., and Schalm, S. W. Glycyrrhizin-induced reduction of ALT in European patients with chronic hepatitis C. Am J Gastroenterol 2001;96(8):2432-2437. PubMed
- Sigurjonsdottir, H. A., Manhem, K., Axelson, M., and Wallerstedt, S. Subjects with essential hypertension are more sensitive to the inhibition of 11 beta-HSD by liquorice. J Hum Hypertens 2003;17(2):125-131.
- Shintani, S., Murase, H., Tsukagoshi, H., and Shiigai, T. Glycyrrhizin (licorice)-induced hypokalemic myopathy. Report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Eur Neurol 1992;32(1):44-51. PubMed
- Chen, M. F., Shimada, F., Kato, H., Yano, S., and Kanaoka, M. Effect of oral administration of glycyrrhizin on the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone. Endocrinol Jpn 1991;38(2):167-174. PubMed
- Lee, C. K., Park, K. K., Lim, S. S., Park, J. H., and Chung, W. Y. Effects of the licorice extract against tumor growth and cisplatin-induced toxicity in a mouse xenograft model of colon cancer. Biol Pharm Bull 2007;30(11):2191-2195. PubMed
- Isaia, G. C., Pellissetto, C., Ravazzoli, M., and Tamone, C. Acute adrenal crisis and hypercalcemia in a patient assuming high liquorice doses. Minerva Med 2008;99(1):91-94.
- Bocker, D. and Breithardt, G. [Induction of arrhythmia by licorice abuse]. Z Kardiol 1991;80(6):389-391.
- Tacconi, P., Paribello, A., Cannas, A., and Marrosu, M. G. Carpal tunnel syndrome triggered by excessive licorice consumption. J Peripher.Nerv.Syst. 2009;14(1):64-65. PubMed
- Tu, J. H., He, Y. J., Chen, Y., Fan, L., Zhang, W., Tan, Z. R., Huang, Y. F., Guo, D., Hu, D. L., Wang, D., and Hong-Hao Zhou. Effect of glycyrrhizin on the activity of CYP3A enzyme in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(8):805-810. PubMed
- Goultschin, J., Palmon, S., Shapira, L., Brayer, L., and Gedalia, I. Effect of glycyrrhizin-containing toothpaste on dental plaque reduction and gingival health in humans. A pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 1991;18(3):210-212. PubMed
- Scali, M., Pratesi, C., Zennaro, M. C., Zampollo, V., and Armanini, D. Pseudohyperaldosteronism from liquorice-containing laxatives. J Endocrinol Invest 1990;13(10):847-848. PubMed
- Chatterjee, N., Domoto-Reilly, K., Fecci, P. E., Schwamm, L. H., and Singhal, A. B. Licorice-associated reversible cerebral vasoconstriction with PRES. Neurology 2010;75(21):1939-1941. PubMed
- Imtiaz, K. E. Sweet root, bitter pill: liquorice-induced hyperaldosteronism. QJM 2011;104(12):1093-1095. PubMed
- van Beers, E. J., Stam, J., and van den Bergh, W. M. Licorice consumption as a cause of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a case report. Crit Care 2011;15(1):R64. PubMed
- MacKenzie, M. A., Hoefnagels, W. H., Jansen, R. W., Benraad, T. J., and Kloppenborg, P. W. The influence of glycyrrhetinic acid on plasma cortisol and cortisone in healthy young volunteers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70(6):1637-1643. PubMed
- Bardhan, K. D., Cumberland, D. C., Dixon, R. A., and Holdsworth, C. D. Clinical trial of deglycyrrhizinised liquorice in gastric ulcer. Gut 1978;19(9):779-782. PubMed
- Koster, M. and David, G. K. Reversible severe hypertension due to licorice ingestion. N Engl J Med 1968;278(25):1381-1383. PubMed
- Corse, F. M., Galgani, S., Gasparini, C., Giacanelli, M., and Piazza, G. Acute hypokalemic myopathy due to chronic licorice ingestion: report of a case. Ital J Neurol Sci 1983;4(4):493-497. PubMed
- Berlango Jimenez A., Jimenez Murillo L., Montero Perez F. J., Munoz Avila J. A., Torres Murillo J., and Calderon de la Barca Gazquez J. M. [Acute rhabdomyolysis and tetraparesis secondary to hypokalemia due to ingested licorice]. An Med Interna 1995;12(1)
- Bernardi, M., D'Intino, P. E., Trevisani, F., Cantelli-Forti, G., Raggi, M. A., Turchetto, E., and Gasbarrini, G. Effects of prolonged ingestion of graded doses of licorice by healthy volunteers. Life Sci 1994;55(11):863-872. PubMed
- van der Zwan A. Hypertension encephalopathy after liquorice ingestion. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1993;95(1):35-37. PubMed
- Werner, S., Brismar, K., and Olsson, S. Hyperprolactinaemia and liquorice. Lancet 2-10-1979;1(8111):319.
- Nishioka, K. and Seguchi, T. Contact allergy due to oil-soluble licorice extracts in cosmetic products. Contact Dermatitis 1999;40(1):56. PubMed
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