Mother's Lactation Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by Herb Pharm
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Mother's Lactation against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Mother's Lactation is a dietary supplement by Herb Pharm with 5 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for digestive upset and bloating, infant colic, menstrual cramps.Based on those ingredients, 1,140 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Fennel Seed Extract, Caraway seed extract, Fenugreek Seed Extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Mother's Lactation contains five active ingredients: fennel seed extract, anise seed extract, caraway seed extract, fenugreek seed extract, and goat's rue aerial parts extract. These are traditional botanicals used to support lactation and milk production.
The product is formulated as a liquid extract using cane alcohol and distilled water as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Insufficient evidence
The evidence for lactation support is mixed across these ingredients. Fenugreek seed is possibly effective for sexual dysfunction and dysmenorrhea, and possibly effective for diabetes—all supported by clinical research—but evidence for lactation itself is insufficient.
Caraway seed is possibly effective for indigestion (dyspepsia), while fennel seed is possibly effective for painful periods (dysmenorrhea). For most other traditional uses—migraine relief, menopausal symptoms, asthma, and bronchitis—the data we hold show insufficient evidence to rate them.
Goat's rue is traditionally used for milk supply, but we have insufficient evidence to rate its effectiveness.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Fennel seed and anise seed both stress caution during pregnancy—medicinal amounts should be avoided due to limited safety data and hormone-like effects, though food amounts are likely fine. Anise seed in particular is rated Likely Safe while breastfeeding, but fennel seed is not well studied at medicinal doses.
Caraway seed is rated Possibly Unsafe in pregnancy and should be avoided at medicinal doses, though food amounts are probably okay. Fenugreek seed is rated Likely Unsafe in pregnancy but Possibly Safe while breastfeeding—it's commonly used to support milk supply, though evidence is limited and you should discuss it with your provider first.
Goat's rue has insufficient safety data and is best avoided in pregnancy; the fresh plant can be toxic, and supplements lack well-controlled human safety studies. Common side effects from fenugreek include stomach upset, bloating, diarrhea, and nausea.
Fennel and anise can rarely trigger allergic reactions including asthma or anaphylaxis in sensitive people. Caraway oil combined with peppermint oil has caused chest burning, belching, and nausea.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Mother's Lactation, double-check the following medication types with your pharmacist: blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs (anticoagulants and antiplatelets), diabetes medications, hormone therapy and contraceptive drugs, antidepressants, sedatives and CNS depressants, the beta-blocker metoprolol, seizure drugs, blood pressure medications, theophylline, and tuberculosis drugs. Altogether, these interactions span 1,128 individual medications.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with insufficient evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product combines several traditional lactation-support herbs, but the evidence for milk production is weak. If you're breastfeeding and considering it, talk with your doctor or pharmacist first—especially if you take any blood thinners, diabetes medications, antidepressants, birth control, or hormone therapy.
The interactions are mostly theoretical (animal or lab research) rather than confirmed in humans, but the sheer number of affected medications means you need to check your specific drugs before you start.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 5 of 5 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Feb 22, 2024.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Mother's Lactation, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Herb Pharm |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 090700003579 |
| Net contents | 1 Fluid Ounce(s); 30 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Feb 22, 2024 |
| DSLD ID | 307804 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Girls: (All), Organic, Adult Female (18 - 50 Years), Lactating |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Fennel Seed Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Extract Blend | 637 mg | -- |
| Anise Seed Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Caraway seed extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Fenugreek Seed Extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Cane Alcohol, Water, Distilled
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested Use Shake well before using Adults: Add 1 squeeze of the dropper bulb to 2 oz. of water or juice, 3 or 4 times per day. Best taken between meals.
Precautions
Caution: Seek expert medical advice before taking during pregnancy.
Keep out of the reach of children
Storage
Store away from heat & light
Formulation
System restoration Reproductive
Gluten-free
Certified organic by Organic Certifiers
Seals/Symbols
USDA Organic
FDA Statement of Identity
Herbal Supplement
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm
These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size0.7 mL Dosage formLiquid Servings per container42 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Extract Blend
Other (inactive) ingredients: Cane Alcohol, Water, Distilled. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm contains five active ingredients, and taken together, they interact with a substantial number of medications.
The most serious concern is with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs (blood thinners like warfarin, clopidogrel, and aspirin), where fennel seed, fenugreek seed, and goat's rue all carry Moderate-severity risks of increased bleeding.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Fennel seed also has Moderate interactions with estrogens and contraceptive drugs—large amounts may interfere with hormone therapy or birth control by competing for estrogen receptors. It can theoretically slow metabolism of certain drugs (CYP3A4 substrates) and decrease the effectiveness of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin and the cancer drug tamoxifen.
Anise seed carries Moderate interactions with estrogens, contraceptives, and diabetes medications, and animal research suggests it may reduce the effects of antidepressants (fluoxetine and imipramine), the sedative diazepam, codeine pain relief, and caffeine. Caraway seed has Moderate interactions with sedatives and diabetes drugs, and may increase lithium levels or cause dangerous potassium loss with certain diuretics; it also carries Minor interactions with tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide).
Fenugreek seed shows Moderate effects with blood thinners, diabetes medications, theophylline (a breathing drug), the beta-blocker metoprolol, the seizure drug phenytoin, and sildenafil (Viagra).
Alternately, we could not check interaction data for the extract blend, as its exact composition is not specified. Check your exact medications with the search tool on this page before starting.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Mother's Lactation?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Mother's Lactation interact with 1,140 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 5 ingredients in Mother's Lactation interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Fennel Seed Extract Caraway seed extract Fenugreek Seed Extract Anise Seed Extract Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fenugreek Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Abciximab interactionFennel Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Abciximab interactionGoat's Rue Aerial Parts ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Read the full Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goat's Rue Aerial Parts ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Read the full Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract + Abrocitinib interactionFenugreek Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Abrocitinib interactionFennel Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise seed might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acarbose interactionCaraway Seed ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acarbose interactionFenugreek Seed ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Acarbose interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fenugreek Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionGoat's Rue Aerial Parts ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Read the full Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionFennel Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Caraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goat's Rue Aerial Parts ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Read the full Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFenugreek Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionFennel Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionGoat's Rue Aerial Parts ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Read the full Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionFenugreek Seed ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Fenugreek Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractCaffeine, Codeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Codeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Caraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Codeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractCaffeine, Acetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAnise Seed ExtractCaffeine, Codeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Caraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractCaffeine, Acetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Anise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Caraway Seed ExtractDiuretic Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the risk of hypokalemia when used with diuretics that deplete potassium.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionFennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others), Caffeine Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionCaraway Seed ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Caraway Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAnise Seed ExtractCodeine, Acetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of codeine.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Mother's Lactation — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Fennel Seed ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Fennel Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAnise Seed ExtractAcetaminophen (tylenol, Others) Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Read the full Anise Seed Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Mother's Lactation with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Fennel Seed Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fennel might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Animal research suggests that fennel oil has antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects.
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
Theoretically, fennel might decrease the levels and clinical effects of ciprofloxacin.
Animal research shows that fennel reduces ciprofloxacin bioavailability by nearly 50%, possibly due to the metal cations such as calcium, iron, and magnesium contained in fennel. This study also found that fennel increased tissue distribution and slowed elimination of ciprofloxacin.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the effects of contraceptive drugs due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, fennel might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research suggests that fennel inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Estrogens
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might interfere with hormone replacement therapy due to competition for estrogen receptors.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, taking large amounts of fennel might decrease the antiestrogenic effect of tamoxifen.
Some constituents of fennel have estrogenic activity, which may interfere with the antiestrogenic activity of tamoxifen.
Caraway seed extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, caraway might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that caraway can reduce blood glucose levels. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Medication dose adjustments may be necessary.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Animal research suggests that (S)-(+)-carvone, a major constituent of caraway seed extract, has sedative effects.
Diuretic Drugs
Theoretically, caraway might increase the risk of hypokalemia when used with diuretics that deplete potassium.
Animal research suggests that a single dose of caraway fruit extract can promote diuresis and increase the urinary excretion of sodium and potassium. However, sub-chronic use of caraway fruit extract does not seem to significantly increase potassium excretion, although urine output continues to be increased for up to 6 days.
Lithium
Theoretically, caraway might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium due to diuretic effects.
Animal research suggests that caraway fruit extract has diuretic properties.
Isoniazid
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of isoniazid.
Animal research suggests that a specific fraction of caraway seed extract (CC-1a) can increase plasma levels of isoniazid when administered concomitantly. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Pyrazinamide
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of pyrazinamide.
Animal research suggests that a specific fraction of caraway seed extract (CC-1a) can increase plasma levels of pyrazinamide when administered concomitantly. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Theoretically, caraway might increase the effects and adverse effects of rifampin.
Animal research suggests that a specific fraction of caraway seed extract (CC-1a) can increase plasma levels of rifampin when administered concomitantly. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Fenugreek Seed Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Some of the constituents in fenugreek have antiplatelet effects in animal and in vitro research. However, common fenugreek products might not contain sufficient concentrations of these constituents for clinical effects. A clinical study in patients with coronary artery disease or diabetes shows that taking fenugreek seed powder 2.5 grams twice daily for 3 months does not affect platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic activity, or fibrinogen levels .
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypoglycemic effects when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research shows that fenugreek seed can reduce fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might alter the clinical effects of clopidogrel by inhibiting its conversion to the active form.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 200 mg/kg daily for 14 days increases the maximum serum concentration of clopidogrel by 21%. It is unclear how this affects the pharmacokinetics of the active metabolite of clopidogrel; however, this study found that concomitant use of fenugreek seed and clopidogrel prolonged bleeding time by an additional 11%.
Metoprolol (Toprol)
Theoretically, fenugreek seed might have additive hypotensive effects when used with metoprolol.
Animal research shows that fenugreek seed 300 mg/kg daily for 2 weeks decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 9% and 11%, respectively, when administered alone, and by 15% and 22%, respectively, when given with metoprolol 10 mg/kg.
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Theoretically, fenugreek might decrease plasma levels of phenytoin.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week decreases maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of phenytoin by 44% and 72%, respectively. This seems to be related to increased clearance. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Theoretically, concurrent use of sildenafil and fenugreek might reduce levels and therapeutic effects of sildenafil.
Animal research shows that taking fenugreek seeds for 1 week reduces maximum concentrations and the area under the curve of a single dose of sildenafil by 27% and 48%, respectively. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans.
Theophylline
Theoretically, fenugreek may reduce the levels and clinical effects of theophylline.
Animal research shows that fenugreek 50 grams daily for 7 days reduces the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of theophylline by 28% and the area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) by 22%.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, fenugreek might have additive effects with warfarin and increase the international normalized ratio (INR).
Some fenugreek constituents have antiplatelet effects, although these might not be present in concentrations that are clinically significant. In one case report, a patient taking warfarin experienced an increased INR when starting to take fenugreek in combination with boldo.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Fenugreek may also have an additive effect on blood pressure-lowering medications. Studies on animals have shown that fenugreek seed can decrease both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 22% when combined with metoprolol. Therefore, it is essential to monitor your blood pressure regularly if you are taking fenugreek and metoprolol together or any other antihypertensive drugs.
Anise Seed Extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, anise seed might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
A small clinical study shows that anise seed powder decreases fasting blood glucose levels by 36% when compared to baseline.
Caffeine
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of caffeine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with caffeine decreases the bioavailability of caffeine. Whether this interaction will occur in humans is unclear.
Codeine
Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of codeine.
Animal research shows that anise oil increases the analgesic effects of codeine, possibly by inducing its phase I metabolism and increasing conversion to morphine. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, anise might interfere with contraceptive drug therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.
Diazepam (Valium)
Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of diazepam.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with diazepam increases the motor impairment associated with diazepam, possibly by inhibiting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 3A4. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.
Estrogens
Theoretically, anise might interfere with estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of fluoxetine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with fluoxetine reduces the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine, possibly by promoting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 2D6. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.
Imipramine (Tofranil)
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the efficacy of imipramine.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with imipramine reduces the antidepressant effects of imipramine, possibly by promoting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 2D6. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, anise oil might increase the effects and adverse effects of midazolam.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with midazolam increases the motor impairment associated with midazolam, possibly by inhibiting its breakdown by cytochrome P450 3A4. Whether this interaction occurs in humans is unclear.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, anise might interfere with tamoxifen therapy.
Some in vitro research suggests that anise has estrogenic effects, while other in vitro research suggests that anise has antiestrogenic effects.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, Others)
Theoretically, anise oil might decrease the levels and clinical effects of acetaminophen.
Animal research shows that taking anise oil with acetaminophen decreases peak plasma levels of acetaminophen but does not reduce overall bioavailability. Whether this interaction will occur in humans is unclear.
Goat's Rue Aerial Parts Extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Laboratory research suggests that goat's rue extract can inhibit platelet aggregation. Theoretically, goat's rue might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, ticlopidine (Ticlid), warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Mother's Lactation, from the product label.
Herb Pharm
See all Herb Pharm products- Name
- Herb Pharm
- City
- Williams
- State
- OR
- ZipCode
- 97544
- Phone Number
- 800-348-4372
- Web Address
- www.herb-pharm.com
Mother's Lactation by Herb Pharm: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Mother's Lactation’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Fennel
Interacts with 740 drugsFennel is a Mediterranean herb widely used as a food and spice, and traditionally taken for digestive complaints, colic, and menstrual cramps. Some small studies suggest possible benefit for...
Read the full Fennel monograph → Herb & supplement monographAnise
Interacts with 245 drugsAnise is a fragrant, licorice-flavored seed used for centuries to ease digestion and soothe coughs. Most of its health claims are based on tradition and small or laboratory studies rather th...
Read the full Anise monograph → Herb & supplement monographCaraway
Interacts with 413 drugsCaraway is a common cooking spice that has long been used to ease gas, bloating, and indigestion. Some evidence suggests caraway oil—often combined with peppermint oil—may help with indigest...
Read the full Caraway monograph → Herb & supplement monographFenugreek
Interacts with 389 drugsFenugreek is a common kitchen spice that is also taken as a supplement, mainly for blood sugar, cholesterol, and to support breast milk production. Some early research is encouraging for blo...
Read the full Fenugreek monograph → Herb & supplement monographGoat's Rue
Interacts with 122 drugsGoat's rue is a traditional herb most often used by nursing parents to try to increase milk supply, and it has a historical link to diabetes research. Solid human evidence for either use is...
Read the full Goat's Rue monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Mother's Lactation's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 76 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Fennel 17 references
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effect of oral administration of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on ciprofloxacin absorption and disposition in the rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999;51:1391-6.
- Gral N, Beani JC, Bonnot D, et al. [Plasma levels of psoralens after celery ingestion]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1993;120:599-603.
- Burkhard PR, Burkhardt K, Haenggeli CA, Landis T. Plant-induced seizures: reappearance of an old problem. J Neurol 1999;246:667-70. PubMed
- Rosti L, Nardini A, Bettinelli ME, Rosti D. Toxic effects of a herbal tea mixture in two newborns. Acta Paediatrica 1994;83:683. PubMed
- Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Ballabeni, V., Bertoni, S., Bruni, R., Impicciatore, M., and Barocelli, E. Protective effect of Foeniculum vulgare essential oil and anethole in an experimental model of thrombosis. Pharmacol.Res 2007;56(3):254-260. PubMed
- Subehan, Usia, T., Iwata, H., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Mechanism-based inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 by Indonesian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 5-24-2006;105(3):449-455. PubMed
- Tognolini, M., Barocelli, E., Ballabeni, V., Bruni, R., Bianchi, A., Chiavarini, M., and Impicciatore, M. Comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. Life Sci. 2-23-2006;78(13):1419-1432. PubMed
- Subehan, Zaidi, S. F., Kadota, S., and Tezuka, Y. Inhibition on human liver cytochrome P450 3A4 by constituents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare): identification and characterization of a mechanism-based inactivator. J Agric.Food Chem. 12-12-2007;55(25):101 PubMed
- LEVY, S. B. Bronchial asthma due to ingestion of fennel and fennel seed. Ann.Allergy 1948;6(4):415.
- Ottolenghi, A., De Chiara, A., Arrigoni, S., Terracciano, L., and De Amici, M. [Diagnosis of food allergy caused by fruit and vegetables in children with atopic dermatitis]. Pediatr Med Chir 1995;17(6):525-530.
- Trabace L, Tucci P, Ciuffreda L, et al. "Natural" relief of pregnancy-related symptoms and neonatal outcomes: above all do no harm. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;174:396-402. PubMed
- Denaxa D, Arkwright PD. Fennel as a cause of immediate hypersensitivity to toothpaste. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2020;125(1):99-100. PubMed
- Lee HW, Ang L, Lee MS, Alimoradi Z, Kim E. Fennel for reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients 2020;12(11):3438. PubMed
- Mathew T, John SK, Javali M, Vasireddy M, Nadig R, Sarma GRK. Substance use related cluster headache: A case series. Headache 2022;62(7):908-910. PubMed
Anise 12 references
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- Kassi E, Papoutsi Z, Fokialakis N, et al. Greek plant extracts exhibit selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-like properties. J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:6956-61. PubMed
- Mumcuoglu KY, Miller J, Zamir C, et al. The in vivo pediculicidal efficacy of a natural remedy. Isr Med Assoc J 2002;4:790-3.
- Garcia-Gonzalez JJ, Bartolome-Zavala B, Fernandez-Melendez S, et al. Occupational rhinoconjunctivitis and food allergy because of aniseed sensitization. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:518-22. . PubMed
- Tabanca N, Khan SI, Bedir E, et al. Estrogenic activity of isolated compounds and essential oils of Pimpinella species from Turkey, evaluated using a recombinant yeast screen. Planta Med 2004;70:728-35.
- Gonzalez-Gutierrez, M. L., Sanchez-Fernandez, C., Esteban-Lopez, M. I., Sempere-Ortells, J. M., and Diaz-Alperi, P. Allergy to anis. Allergy 2000;55(2):195-196.
- Anliker, M. D., Borelli, S., and Wuthrich, B. Occupational protein contact dermatitis from spices in a butcher: a new presentation of the mugwort-spice syndrome. Contact Dermatitis 2002;46(2):72-74. PubMed
- Poon, T. S. and Freeman, S. Cheilitis caused by contact allergy to anethole in spearmint flavoured toothpaste. Australas.J Dermatol. 2006;47(4):300-301. PubMed
- Andersen, K. E. Contact allergy to toothpaste flavors. Contact Dermatitis 1978;4(4):195-198. PubMed
- Samojlik I, Mijatovic V, Petkovic S, et al. The influence of essential oil of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum, L.) on drug effects on the central nervous system. Fitoterapia 2012;83:1466-73. PubMed
- Samojlik I, Petkovic S, Stilinovic N, et al. Pharmacokinetic herb-drug interaction between essential oil of aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L., Apiaceae) and acetaminophen and caffeine: A potential risk for clinical practice. Phytother Res 2016;30:253-9.
- Rajeshwari U, Shobha I, Andallu B. Comparison of aniseeds and coriander seeds for antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities. Spatula DD-Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery 2011;1:9-16. DOI
Caraway 11 references
- Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
- May B, Kuntz HD, Kieser M, Kohler S. Efficacy of a fixed peppermint oil/caraway oil combination in non-ulcer dyspepsia. Arzneimittelforschung 1996;46:1149-53.
- Micklefield GH, Greving I, May B. Effects of peppermint oil and caraway oil on gastroduodenal motility. Phytother Res 2000;14:20-3. DOI
- Herb Info Canada. Caraway website. www.herb.plant.org/caraway.htm (Accessed 11 September 2000).
- May B, Kohler S, Schneider B. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000;14:1671-7. PubMed
- Eddouks M, Lemhardri A, Michel JB. Caraway and caper: potential anti-hyperglycaemic plants in diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2004;94:143-8. PubMed
- Sachin BS, Monica P, Sharma SC, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction of some antitubercular drugs with caraway: implications in the enhancement of drug bioavailability. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009;28(4):175-84. PubMed
- Lahlou, S., Tahraoui, A., Israili, Z., and Lyoussi, B. Diuretic activity of the aqueous extracts of Carum carvi and Tanacetum vulgare in normal rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 4-4-2007;110(3):458-463. PubMed
- de Sousa, D. P., Farias Nobrega, F. F., and de Almeida, R. N. Influence of the chirality of (R)-(-)- and (S)-(+)-carvone in the central nervous system: a comparative study. Chirality 5-5-2007;19(4):264-268.
- Modu S, Gohla K Umar IA. The hypoglycaemic and hypocholrsterolaemic properties of black caraway (Carum carvi L.) oil in alloxan diabetic rats. Biokemistri (Nigeria) 1997;7:91-97.
- Rich G, Shah A, Koloski N, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the effects of Menthacarin, a proprietary peppermint- and caraway-oil-preparation, on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2 PubMed
Fenugreek 30 references
- Madar Z, Thorne R. Dietary fiber. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1987;11:153-74.
- Sharma RD, Raghuram TC, Rao NS. Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood glucose and serum lipids in type I diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:301-6.
- Patil SP, Niphadkar PV, Bapat MM. Allergy to fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum). Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1997;78:297-300. PubMed
- Lambert J, Cormier J. Potential interaction between warfarin and boldo-fenugreek. Pharmacotherapy 2001;21:509-12. PubMed
- Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty PubMed
- Yalcin SS, Tekinalp G, Ozalp I. Peculiar odor of traditional food and maple syrup urine disease. Pediatr Int 1999;41:108-9. PubMed
- Sewell AC, Mosandl A, Bohles H. False diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease owing to ingestion of herbal tea. N Engl J Med 1999;341:769.. PubMed
- Abdo MS, al-Kafawi AA. Experimental studies on the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (abstract). Planta Med 1969;17:14-8.
- Gupta A, Gupta R, Lal B. Effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seeds on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Assoc Physicians India 2001;49:1057-61.
- Gabay MP. Galactogogues: medications that induce lactation. J Hum Lact 2002;18:274-9. PubMed
- Chevassus H, Gaillard JB, Farret A, et al. A fenugreek seed extract selectively reduces spontaneous fat intake in overweight subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2010;66(5):449-55. PubMed
- Turkyilmaz C, Onal E, Hirfanoglu IM, et al. The effect of galactagogue herbal tea on breast milk production and short-term catch-up of birth weight in the first week of life. J Altern Complement Med 2011;17(2):139-42. PubMed
- Swafford S, Berens P. Effect of fenugreek on breast milk volume. Abstract presented at: 5th International Meeting of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine; September 11-13,2000, Tucson, Arizona.
- Abdel-Barry, J. A., Abdel-Hassan, I. A., Jawad, A. M., and al Hakiem, M. H. Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of the leaves of Trigonella foenum-graecum in healthy volunteers. East Mediterr.Health J 2000;6(1):83-88. DOI
- Parvizpur, A., Ahmadiani, A., and Kamalinejad, M. Probable role of spinal purinoceptors in the analgesic effect of Trigonella foenum (TFG) leaves extract. J Ethnopharmacol 3-8-2006;104(1-2):108-112. PubMed
- Mora, A., Herrrera, A., Lopez, C., Dahbi, G., Mamani, R., Pita, J. M., Alonso, M. P., Llovo, J., Bernardez, M. I., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., and Blanco, J. Characteristics of the Shiga-toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4 German ou
- Blanco, J. [Stx2a-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli O104:H4-ST678. Microbiological diagnostic already, for this and other STEC/VTEC serotypes!]. Enferm.Infecc.Microbiol.Clin. 2012;30(2):84-89.
- Beutin, L. and Martin, A. Outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 infection in Germany causes a paradigm shift with regard to human pathogenicity of STEC strains. J Food Prot. 2012;75(2):408-418. PubMed
- King LA, Nogareda F, Weill FX, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Loukiadis E, Gault G, Jourdan-DaSilva N, Bingen E, Macé M, Thevenot D, Ong N, Castor C, Noël H, Van Cauteren D, Charron M, Vaillant V, Aldabe B, Goulet V, Delmas G, Couturier E, Le Strat Y, Combe C, Delm
- Reeder C, Legrand A, O'Connor-Von SK. The Effect of Fenugreek on Milk Production and Prolactin Levels in Mothers of Preterm Infants. Clinical Lactation 2013;4(4):159-165. DOI
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