Spirulina + Chlorella Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by SNAP
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Spirulina + Chlorella against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Spirulina + Chlorella is a dietary supplement by SNAP with 9 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for general nutrition and energy, antioxidant support, cholesterol and metabolic health.Based on those ingredients, 681 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Alfalfa, cracked cell Chlorella, Spirulina. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP is a capsule containing 9 ingredients: three are active supergreens—spirulina (a blue-green algae), chlorella (a freshwater green algae), and a proprietary blend labeled "SNAP Supplements Super Greens Complex." The other six active ingredients are barley grass, alfalfa, kale, oat grass, lemon juice powder, astragalus extract, and wheatgrass. The single inactive ingredient is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, which is the capsule material.
Does it work?
Strong evidence
The evidence behind most of these ingredients is limited. Spirulina is possibly effective for high blood pressure, but evidence is insufficient for acne, hay fever, iron deficiency anemia, and arsenic poisoning.
Barley grass and oat grass are both likely effective for high cholesterol and heart disease. Kale's effectiveness hasn't been reliably established for the conditions studied—bladder and breast cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and menopausal symptoms.
Alfalfa, lemon juice, astragalus, wheatgrass, and chlorella all lack sufficient reliable evidence for their claimed uses in the data we hold. Chlorella is possibly effective for pregnancy-related iron deficiency, but evidence for brain tumors, fatty liver disease, depression, and fatigue is insufficient.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Most of these greens are generally well tolerated when taken by mouth, but side effects do occur. Spirulina, barley grass, alfalfa, oat grass, and chlorella commonly cause bloating, flatulence, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort—especially in the first week or two.
Spirulina can trigger serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis in sensitive people (a rare case involved a 14-year-old). Alfalfa has caused a lupus-like syndrome in rare cases of chronic use.
Lemon juice powder at higher doses may cause heartburn and gastrointestinal upset. Barley grass contains gluten and can trigger allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Chlorella may cause photosensitization (sun-induced skin reactions). Quality varies widely across spirulina and chlorella products, and contamination with toxins or heavy metals is a real concern—some sources advise against use altogether due to this risk.
Meds to double-check
Major interaction found
Before taking this product, check with your doctor or pharmacist if you take warfarin or other blood thinners (Coumadin, alfalfa and chlorella both contain vitamin K and may reduce their effect). Diabetes and insulin medications need review—spirulina, alfalfa, oat grass, and astragalus may lower blood sugar further.
Immunosuppressants (used after transplant or for autoimmune conditions) could be weakened by spirulina, alfalfa, and astragalus. Birth control and hormone therapy may be affected by alfalfa's estrogenic compounds.
Lithium levels could rise with astragalus. Sun-sensitizing drugs may have additive effects with chlorella.
The antifungal itraconazole (Sporanox) may reach higher levels if combined with lemon juice powder.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with strong clinical evidence behind its ingredients' uses. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product may appeal to people looking to add nutrient-dense greens to their diet, especially those interested in potential benefits for cholesterol and heart health (where barley and oat grass show some evidence). However, if you take warfarin, diabetes medications, insulin, immunosuppressants, lithium, or any blood-thinner or blood-sugar-lowering drug, you need to check with your own doctor or pharmacist before starting—the interactions could be significant.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding are best discussed with your healthcare provider given the limited safety data and some ingredients' estrogen-like activity.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 9 of 9 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 23, 2023.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Spirulina + Chlorella, straight from the product label.
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Spirulina | 0 NP | -- |
| Barley Grass | 0 NP | -- |
| Alfalfa | 0 NP | -- |
| Kale | 0 NP | -- |
| Oat Grass | 0 NP | -- |
| Lemon Juice, Powder | 0 NP | -- |
| Astragalus extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Wheatgrass | 0 NP | -- |
| cracked cell Chlorella | 0 NP | -- |
| SNAP Supplements Super Greens Complex | 2300 mg | -- |
Other ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Formula
Spirulina + chlorella The most balanced superfoods known to man. Green algaes are a densely packed array of complete proteins, phytonutrients, and trace minerals.
Alkalizing greens complex Powerful Antioxidant Superfood complex
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Recommendations: As a dietary supplement, take 4 capsules with food up to 2 times per day or as directed by your medical provider.
Storage
Store away from humidity, heat, and light. Do not refrigerate.
Precautions
If any reactions occur, discontinue use of dietary supplement and consult your doctor.
Warning: Do not exceed daily dosage. You should not take this product with alcohol.
This product should only be taken by healthy individuals at least 18 years of age or older. Keep out of reach of children.
Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or nursing, or have any other medical concerns.
Formulation
Manufactured in a FDA registered facility Manufactured in a GMP certified facility
Organic USDA Organic
Detox + balance diet
Certified Organic bt QAI
Seals/Symbols
Manufactured in USA
USDA Organic
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Brand IP Statement(s)
SNAP Supplement Simple power of NATURE
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP
These are the 9 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size4 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
SNAP Supplements Super Greens Complex
Other (inactive) ingredients: Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP contains nine ingredients, several of which interact with medications.
The most serious concern is alfalfa's effect on warfarin (Coumadin)—a blood thinner—where alfalfa's high vitamin K content can reduce warfarin's ability to prevent clots. This is a Major severity interaction.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Although less severe, Moderate interactions are documented across a wide range of medication types. Spirulina may increase bleeding risk with blood thinners and antiplatelet drugs, and could lower blood sugar unpredictably if you're on diabetes medications or insulin.
Alfalfa carries Moderate risks with birth control pills, hormone therapy, immune-suppressing drugs, and diabetes medications. Chlorella also contains vitamin K and may interfere with warfarin, and theoretically could worsen sensitivity to sun-sensitizing drugs.
Oat Grass may lower blood sugar further when combined with insulin or other diabetes drugs. Astragalus extract can interfere with immunosuppressants, increase lithium levels, and raise hypoglycemia risk with diabetes medications.
Lemon Juice Powder carries a Minor interaction with the antifungal itraconazole (Sporanox).
Barley Grass has one Moderate interaction: it may reduce the effectiveness of triclabendazole (Egaten), an antiparasitic drug, though this has only been shown in animals. Spirulina also theoretically interferes with immune-suppressing drugs.
We could not check Wheatgrass because no interaction data is on file for it.
Altogether, these interactions span 681 individual medications. Because many of these ingredients overlap in their effects—especially on blood-thinning and blood-sugar control—you should check your exact medications with the tool on this page before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Spirulina + Chlorella?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Spirulina + Chlorella interact with 681 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
7 of the 9 ingredients in Spirulina + Chlorella interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Alfalfa cracked cell Chlorella Spirulina Astragalus extract Oat Grass Barley Grass Lemon Juice, Powder
WarfarinWarfarin
How Warfarin interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaWarfarin (coumadin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Read the full Alfalfa + Warfarin interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaWarfarin (coumadin) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might reduce the clinical effects of warfarin.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Warfarin interactionSpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Warfarin interactionWarfarin SodiumCoumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin
How Warfarin Sodium interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaWarfarin (coumadin) Major
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Read the full Alfalfa + Warfarin Sodium interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaWarfarin (coumadin) Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might reduce the clinical effects of warfarin.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Warfarin Sodium interactionSpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Warfarin Sodium interaction6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Astragalus ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Astragalus Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionSpirulinaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Spirulina + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAlfalfaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Alfalfa + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Abciximab interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Astragalus ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Astragalus Extract + Abrocitinib interactionSpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Abrocitinib interactionAlfalfaImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Alfalfa + Abrocitinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, alfalfa might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acarbose interactionOat GrassAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, oats may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Oat Grass + Acarbose interactionSpirulinaAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Spirulina + Acarbose interactionAstragalus ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Astragalus Extract + Acarbose interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acepromazine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
SpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Cold Plus Cough, Tylenol Cold Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic GG
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylephrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS, Histex SR, Protid
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, SalicylamideRhinogesic, Rhinogesic JR
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylephrine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineAlumadrine, Conex, Sinadrin Max Strength, Sinulin
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, OpiumHista-Derfule
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Opium interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, PhenyltoloxamineNorel Plus
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine, Phenyltoloxamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, PseudoephedrineAlka-Seltzer PLUS Liquid Gels, Children's Tylenol Cold, Codimal, Comtrex, Extra Strength Tylenol Allergy Sinus, Lorsin +3 more
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, PseudoephedrineSinadrin Plus
How Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Dexbrompheniramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, DiphenhydramineTylenol PM, Tylenol PM Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine interactionAcetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, PseudoephedrineChildren's Tylenol Allergy, Cold Control, Contac Night Allergy Relief
How Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Diphenhydramine, Pseudoephedrine interactionAcetaminophen, IbuprofenCombogesic
How Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Cracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionSpirulinaAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Spirulina + Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen interactionAcetaminophen, Phenylephrine, ChlorpheniramineSuper Cold Tabs
How Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine interacts with Spirulina + Chlorella — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
AlfalfaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Read the full Alfalfa + Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine interactionCracked Cell ChlorellaPhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Cracked Cell Chlorella + Acetaminophen, Phenylephrine, Chlorpheniramine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Spirulina + Chlorella with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Alfalfa
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Alfalfa contains a large amount of vitamin K. This could theoretically interfere with the activity of warfarin.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, alfalfa might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that alfalfa decreases blood sugar in diabetic mice. Also, in one case report, a diabetic patient experienced hypoglycemia after consuming alfalfa extract. Monitor blood glucose levels closely. Dose adjustments might be necessary.
Contraceptive Drugs
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with the activity of contraceptive drugs.
Alfalfa contains coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, and isoflavonoids, which have estrogenic effects.
Estrogens
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with hormone therapy.
Alfalfa contains coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, and isoflavonoids, which have estrogenic effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
In vitro research and human case reports suggest that alfalfa may have immunostimulant effects.
Photosensitizing Drugs
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Animal research suggests that excessive doses of alfalfa may increase photosensitivity, possibly due to its chlorophyll content. It is unclear if this effect would be clinically relevant in humans.
cracked cell Chlorella
Photosensitizing Drugs
Theoretically, chlorella might have additive effects with photosensitizing drugs.
Chlorella has been reported to cause photosensitization. In five case reports, patients who had ingested chlorella exhibited swelling followed by erythematopurpuric lesions on sun-exposed areas of the body. Theoretically, concomitant use with photosensitizing drugs may exacerbate effects.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Theoretically, chlorella might reduce the clinical effects of warfarin.
Chlorella contains significant amounts of vitamin K. There is at least one case report of warfarin therapy becoming sub-therapeutic after initiation of chlorella supplements.
Spirulina
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro. However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs. However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes. A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Blue-green algae have been shown to stimulate the immune system.
Astragalus extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research in humans shows that astragalus might have hypoglycemic effects. Theoretically, taking astragalus, especially in combination with other hypoglycemic agents, might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Cyclophosphamide
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with cyclophosphamide therapy.
Evidence regarding the effect of astragalus on immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide is conflicting. Some animal research suggests that astragalus reverses cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. However, other animal research shows no effect.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Astragalus seems to stimulate immune function. Theoretically, taking astragalus might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Lithium
Theoretically, astragalus might increase levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research suggests that astragalus has diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to this diuretic effect, astragalus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Oat Grass
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, oats may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Consuming oats can decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes. In those who require insulin, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.
Insulin
Concomitant use of oats and insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In patients with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.
Barley Grass
Triclabendazole (Egaten)
Theoretically, barley might decrease the clinical effects of triclabendazole.
Animal research suggests that a diet supplemented with barley can reduce the bioavailability of triclabendazole when taken concomitantly. This effect has not been shown in humans.
Lemon Juice, Powder
Itraconazole (Sporanox)
Theoretically, taking itraconazole capsules or tablets with a beverage containing lemon might increase the levels and clinical effects of itraconazole.
In one case report, dissolving itraconazole tablets in a small amount of specific beverages containing lemon prior to administration increased the level of itraconazole in a lung transplant patient. In this case, the increased bioavailability was desirable and was likely due to improved tablet dissolution in the acidic beverage.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Spirulina + Chlorella, from the product label.
SNAP
See all SNAP products- Name
- SNAP Supplements
- Street Address
- 11012 NE 39th St., Suite C5
- City
- Vancouver
- State
- WA
- ZipCode
- 98682
- Phone Number
- 1-888-491-5043
- Web Address
- snapsupplements.com
Spirulina + Chlorella by SNAP: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Not sure if Spirulina + Chlorella is safe with your meds?
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Spirulina + Chlorella’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Blue-green Algae
Interacts with 327 drugsBlue-green algae are nutrient-rich aquatic microorganisms (such as spirulina and Klamath Lake algae) taken as a supplement for energy, nutrition, and general wellness. Evidence for most heal...
Read the full Blue-green Algae monograph → Herb & supplement monographBarley
Interacts with 1 drugBarley is a nutritious whole grain that is a good source of soluble fiber called beta-glucan, which has solid evidence for modestly lowering LDL ('bad') cholesterol when eaten regularly. It...
Read the full Barley monograph → Herb & supplement monographAlfalfa
Interacts with 583 drugsAlfalfa is a nutrient-rich legume that people use for high cholesterol, menopause symptoms, and general wellness, but solid human evidence for most of these uses is limited. It is best avoid...
Read the full Alfalfa monograph → Herb & supplement monographKale
Kale is a nutrient-dense leafy green vegetable that is rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants. Eaten as a normal food it is very healthy for most people, but it is a whole food...
Read the full Kale monograph → Herb & supplement monographOats
Interacts with 86 drugsOats are a well-studied whole grain whose soluble fiber (beta-glucan) can help lower cholesterol and support heart health when eaten regularly. As a food, oats are safe for most people, and...
Read the full Oats monograph → Herb & supplement monographLemon
Interacts with 1 drugLemon is a common citrus fruit that is a good source of vitamin C and citric acid, and it is widely used in food, drinks, and home remedies. While it can support hydration and a healthy diet...
Read the full Lemon monograph → Herb & supplement monographAstragalus
Interacts with 208 drugsAstragalus is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to support the immune system and help the body cope with stress. While early studies are interesting, strong h...
Read the full Astragalus monograph → Herb & supplement monographCouch Grass
Couch grass is a common lawn weed whose rhizome has long been used in traditional European herbal medicine, mainly for urinary and bladder complaints. High-quality human studies are lacking,...
Read the full Couch Grass monograph → Herb & supplement monographChlorella
Interacts with 337 drugsChlorella is a nutrient-rich freshwater green algae taken as a supplement for general wellness, immune support, and 'detox.' Some small studies suggest possible benefits for cholesterol, blo...
Read the full Chlorella monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Spirulina + Chlorella's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 112 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Blue-green Algae 22 references
- Jensen GS, Ginsberg DJ, Huerta P, et al. Consumption of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae has rapid effects on the circulation and function of immune cells in humans. A novel approach to nutritional mobilization of the immune system. JANA 2000;2:50-6.
- Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, et al. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol 2002;97:3212-13. PubMed
- Hayashi O, Katoh T, Okuwaki Y. Enhancement of antibody production in mice by dietary Spirulina platensis. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1994;40:431-41.. PubMed
- Vitale S, Miller NR, Mejico LJ, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial of super blue-green algae in patients with essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:18-32. PubMed
- Mani UV, Desai S, Iyer U. Studies on the long-term effect of spirulina supplementation on serum lipid profile and glycated proteins in NIDDM patients. J Nutraceut 2000;2(3):25-32. DOI
- Chiu HF, Yang SP, Kuo YL, et al. Mechanisms involved in the antiplatelet effect of C-phycocyanin. Br J Nutr 2006;95:435-40. PubMed
- Hsiao G, Chou PH, Shen MY, et al. C-phycocyanin, a very potent and novel platelet aggregation inhibitor from Spirulina platensis. J Agric Food Chem 2005;53:7734-40.
- Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. PubMed
- Madhyastha, H. K., Radha, K. S., Sugiki, M., Omura, S., and Maruyama, M. Purification of c-phycocyanin from Spirulina fusiformis and its effect on the induction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator from calf pulmonary endothelial cells. Phytomedicine PubMed
- Mazokopakis, E. E., Karefilakis, C. M., Tsartsalis, A. N., Milkas, A. N., and Ganotakis, E. S. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008;15(6-7):525-527. PubMed
- Halidou, Doudou M., Degbey, H., Daouda, H., Leveque, A., Donnen, P., Hennart, P., and Dramaix-Wilmet, M. [The effect of spiruline during nutritional rehabilitation: systematic review]. Rev.Epidemiol.Sante Publique 2008;56(6):425-431.
- Konno, T., Umeda, Y., Umeda, M., Kawachi, I., Oyake, M., and Fujita, N. [A case of inflammatory myopathy with widely skin rash following use of supplements containing Spirulina]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2011;51(5):330-333. PubMed
- Le TM, Knulst AC, Röckmann H. Anaphylaxis to Spirulina confirmed by skin prick test with ingredients of Spirulina tablets. Food Chem Toxicol 2014;74:309-10. PubMed
- Rzymski P, Niedzielski P, Kaczmarek N, Jurczak T, Klimaszyk P. The multidisciplinary approach to safety and toxicity assessment of microalgae-based food supplements following clinical cases of poisoning. Harmful Algae 2015;46:34-42. DOI
- Petrus M, Culerrier R, Campistron M, et al. First case report of anaphylaxis to spirulin: identification of phycocyanin as responsible allergen. Allergy 2010;65(7):924-5. PubMed
- Marles RJ, Barrett ML, Barnes J, et al. United States Pharmacopeia safety evaluation of spirulina. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011;51(7):593-604. PubMed
- Majdoub H, Ben Mansour M, Chaubet F, et al. Anticoagulant activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the green alga Arthrospira platensis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2009;1790(10):1377-81. PubMed
- Cha BG, Kwak HW, Park AR, et al. Structural characteristics and biological performance of silk fibroin nanofiber containing microalgae spirulina extract. Biopolymers 2014;101(4):307-18. PubMed
- Jensen GS, Drapeau C, Lenninger M, Benson KF. Clinical safety of a high dose of phycocyanin-enriched aqueous extract from Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis: results from a randomized, double-Blind, placebo-controlled study with a focus on anticoagulant ac
- Hamedifard Z, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Taghizadeh M, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized con
- Moradi S, Zobeiri M, Feizi A, Clark CCT, Entezari MH. The effects of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on anthropometric indices, blood pressure, sleep quality, mental health, fatigue status and quality of life in patients with ulcerative
- Ghanbari F, Amerizadeh A, Behshood P, Moradi S, Asgary S. Effect of microalgae arthrospira on biomarkers of glycemic control and glucose metabolism: a systematic Review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022;47(10):100942. PubMed
Barley 15 references
- Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.
- Fernandez-Anaya S, Crespo JF, Rodriguez JR, et al. Beer anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103:959-60.
- Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1360-8. . PubMed
- Ferre, I., Giraldez, F. J., Alvarez-Bujidos, M. L., and Mantecon, A. R. Influence of barley supplement on plasma concentration of triclabendazole metabolites in sheep. Vet.Rec. 11-22-1997;141(21):549-551. PubMed
- Curioni, A., Santucci, B., Cristaudo, A., Canistraci, C., Pietravalle, M., Simonato, B., and Giannattasio, M. Urticaria from beer: an immediate hypersensitivity reaction due to a 10- kDa protein derived from barley. Clin Exp Allergy 1999;29(3):407-413. PubMed
- Fernandez-Anaya, S., Crespo, J. F., Rodriguez, J. R., Daroca, P., Carmona, E., Herraez, L., and Lopez-Rubio, A. Beer anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;103(5 Pt 1):959-960.
- Cronin, E. Contact dermatitis from barley dust. Contact Dermatitis 1979;5(3):196. PubMed
- Block, G., Tse, K. S., Kijek, K., Chan, H., and Chan-Yeung, M. Baker's asthma. Studies of the cross-antigenicity between different cereal grains. Clin Allergy 1984;14(2):177-185.
- van Ketel, W. G. Immediate type allergy to malt in beer. Contact Dermatitis 1980;6(4):297-298. PubMed
- Ellis, H. J., Doyle, A. P., Day, P., Wieser, H., and Ciclitira, P. J. Demonstration of the presence of coeliac-activating gliadin-like epitopes in malted barley. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1994;104(3):308-310. PubMed
- Vidal, C. and Gonzalez-Quintela, A. Food-induced and occupational asthma due to barley flour. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 1995;75(2):121-124.
- Gutgesell, C. and Fuchs, T. Contact urticaria from beer. Contact Dermatitis 1995;33(6):436-437. PubMed
- Baker, P. G. and Read, A. E. Oats and barley toxicity in coeliac patients. Postgrad.Med J 1976;52(607):264-268. PubMed
- Nakase, M., Usui, Y., Alvarez-Nakase, A. M., Adachi, T., Urisu, A., Nakamura, R., Aoki, N., Kitajima, K., and Matsuda, T. Cereal allergens: rice-seed allergens with structural similarity to wheat and barley allergens. Allergy 1998;53(46 Suppl):55-57. PubMed
- Pereira, F., Rafael, M., and Lacerda, M. H. Contact dermatitis from barley. Contact Dermatitis 1998;39(5):261-262. PubMed
Alfalfa 32 references
- Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
- The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
- Leung AY, Foster S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 2nd ed. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
- Kurzer MS, Xu X. Dietary phytoestrogens. Annu Rev Nutr 1997;17:353-81. PubMed
- Farber JM, Carter AO, Varughese PV, et al. Listeriosis traced to the consumption of alfalfa tablets and soft cheese [Letter to the Editor]. N Engl J Med 1990;322:338. PubMed
- Molgaard J, von Schenck H, Olsson AG. Alfalfa seeds lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1987;65:173-9. PubMed
- Light TD, Light JA. Acute renal transplant rejection possibly related to herbal medications. Am J Transplant 2003;3:1608-9. PubMed
- Prete PE. The mechanism of action of L-canavanine in inducing autoimmune phenomena. Arthritis Rheum 1985;28:1198-200. PubMed
- Alcocer-Varela J, Iglesias A, Llorente L, Alarcon-Segovia D. Effects of L-canavanine on T cells may explain the induction of systemic lupus erythematosus by alfalfa. Arthritis Rheum 1985;28:52-7. PubMed
- Roberts JL, Hayashi JA. Exacerbation of SLE associated with alfalfa ingestion. N Engl J Med 1983;308:1361. DOI
- Feingold, R. M. Should we fear "health foods"? Arch Intern Med 7-12-1999;159(13):1502. PubMed
- Taormina, P. J., Beuchat, L. R., and Slutsker, L. Infections associated with eating seed sprouts: an international concern. Emerg.Infect.Dis 1999;5(5):626-634. PubMed
- Backer, H. D., Mohle-Boetani, J. C., Werner, S. B., Abbott, S. L., Farrar, J., and Vugia, D. J. High incidence of extra-intestinal infections in a Salmonella Havana outbreak associated with alfalfa sprouts. Public Health Rep. 2000;115(4):339-345. PubMed
- Mohle-Boetani J, Werner B, Polumbo M, and et al. From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Alfalfa sprouts-- Arizona, California, Colorado, and New Mexico, February-April, 2001. JAMA 2-6-2002;287(5):581-582.
- Howard, M. B. and Hutcheson, S. W. Growth dynamics of Salmonella enterica strains on alfalfa sprouts and in waste seed irrigation water. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. 2003;69(1):548-553.
- Winthrop, K. L., Palumbo, M. S., Farrar, J. A., Mohle-Boetani, J. C., Abbott, S., Beatty, M. E., Inami, G., and Werner, S. B. Alfalfa sprouts and Salmonella Kottbus infection: a multistate outbreak following inadequate seed disinfection with heat and chl
- Strapp, C. M., Shearer, A. E., and Joerger, R. D. Survey of retail alfalfa sprouts and mushrooms for the presence of Escherichia coil O157:H7, Salmonella, and Listeria with BAX, and evaluation of this polymerase chain reaction-based system with experimen
- Akaogi, J., Barker, T., Kuroda, Y., Nacionales, D. C., Yamasaki, Y., Stevens, B. R., Reeves, W. H., and Satoh, M. Role of non-protein amino acid L-canavanine in autoimmunity. Autoimmun.Rev 2006;5(6):429-435. PubMed
- Burden and causes of foodborne disease in Australia: Annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2005. Commun.Dis Intell. 2006;30(3):278-300.
- Shemesh, M., Lindner, H. R., and Ayalon, N. Affinity of rabbit uterine oestradiol receptor for phyto-oestrogens and its use in a competitive protein-binding radioassay for plasma coumestrol. J Reprod.Fertil. 1972;29(1):1-9. PubMed
- Elakovich, S. D. and Hampton, J. M. Analysis of coumestrol, a phytoestrogen, in alfalfa tablets sold for human consumption. J Agric.Food Chem. 1984;32(1):173-175. PubMed
- Malinow, M. R., Bardana, E. J., Jr., Pirofsky, B., Craig, S., and McLaughlin, P. Systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome in monkeys fed alfalfa sprouts: role of a nonprotein amino acid. Science 4-23-1982;216(4544):415-417. PubMed
- Malinow, M. R., McLaughlin, P., and Stafford, C. Alfalfa seeds: effects on cholesterol metabolism. Experientia 5-15-1980;36(5):562-564. PubMed
- Farnsworth, N. R. Alfalfa pills and autoimmune diseases. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;62(5):1026-1028. DOI
- Herbert, V. and Kasdan, T. S. Alfalfa, vitamin E, and autoimmune disorders. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60(4):639-640.
- Mahon, B. E., Ponka, A., Hall, W. N., Komatsu, K., Dietrich, S. E., Siitonen, A., Cage, G., Hayes, P. S., Lambert-Fair, M. A., Bean, N. H., Griffin, P. M., and Slutsker, L. An international outbreak of Salmonella infections caused by alfalfa sprouts grow
- Gray, A. M. and Flatt, P. R. Pancreatic and extra-pancreatic effects of the traditional anti- diabetic plant, Medicago sativa (lucerne). Br J Nutr. 1997;78(2):325-334.
- Van Beneden, C. A., Keene, W. E., Strang, R. A., Werker, D. H., King, A. S., Mahon, B., Hedberg, K., Bell, A., Kelly, M. T., Balan, V. K., Mac Kenzie, W. R., and Fleming, D. Multinational outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport infections due to
- Rubenstein AH, Levin NW, and Elliott GA. Manganese-induced hypoglycemia. Lancet 1962;1348-1351.
- Kaufman W. Alfalfa seed dermatitis. JAMA 1954;155(12):1058-1059. PubMed
- Ponka A, Andersson Y, Siitonen A, and et al. Salmonella in alfalfa sprouts. Lancet 1995;345:462-463. PubMed
- Puschner B, Chen X, Read D, Affolter VK. Alfalfa hay induced primary photosensitization in horses. Vet J. 2016 May;211:32-8. PubMed
Kale 2 references
Oats 13 references
- Cooper SG, Tracey EJ. Small-bowel obstruction caused by oat-bran bezoar. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1148-9. DOI
- Pick ME, Hawrysh ZJ, Gee MI, et al. Oat bran concentrate bread products improve long-term control of diabetes: a pilot study. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:1254-61. PubMed
- Braaten JT, Scott FW, Wood PJ, et al. High beta-glucan oat bran and oat gum reduce postprandial blood glucose and insulin in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 1994;11:312-8.
- Rosario PG, Gerst PH, Prakash K, Albu E. Dentureless distention: oat bran bezoars cause obstruction. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990;38:608. PubMed
- Food and Drug Administration. Food labeling: health claims: oats and coronary heart disease. Fed Regist 1996;61:296-313.
- Foulke J. FDA Allows Whole Oat Foods To Make Health Claim on Reducing the Risk of Heart Disease. FDA Talk Paper. 1997. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00782.html.
- Chandalia M, Garg A, Lutjohann D, et al. Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1392-8. PubMed
- Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1360-8. . PubMed
- De Paz Arranz S, Perez Montero A, Remon LZ, Molero MI. Allergic contact urticaria to oatmeal. Allergy 2002;57:1215. . PubMed
- Delgado G, Kleber ME, Krämer BK, et al. Dietary intervention with oatmeal in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus - A crossover study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2019;127(9):623-629. PubMed
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