Fear-Less Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Fear-Less against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Fear-Less is a dietary supplement by Flower Essence Services with 11 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for menopause symptoms (hot flashes), high cholesterol, bone health/osteoporosis.Based on those ingredients, 1,368 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Berberis aquifolium, Valeriana capitata, Trifolium pratense. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Fear-Less contains 11 ingredients, most of which are flowering plants and essential oils used in traditional herbal and flower essence preparations. The active botanical ingredients include red clover (Trifolium pratense), valerian (Valeriana capitata), Oregon grape (Berberis aquifolium), bergamot orange, English lavender, and labdanum (Cistus ladaniferus), along with rock rose and three others we cannot fully evaluate.
The product is delivered in a liquid form with water and brandy as inactive ingredients.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for Fear-Less's active ingredients is mixed. Red clover has insufficient reliable evidence for the conditions it's traditionally used for—menopausal symptoms, bone health, and hair loss.
Valerian shows possibly effective evidence for insomnia but insufficient evidence for anxiety, restless leg syndrome, and stress. Oregon grape is possibly effective for psoriasis but lacks solid evidence for eczema and digestive complaints.
Bergamot shows possibly effective evidence for high cholesterol but possibly ineffective for mental alertness. Lavender is possibly effective for menstrual pain but possibly ineffective for cancer pain, with insufficient evidence for hair loss and anxiety.
We hold no effectiveness data for rock rose or labdanum.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Red clover is generally well tolerated short-term but carries caution because of its estrogen-like effects; avoid it during pregnancy due to those effects and lack of safety data, and avoid while breastfeeding due to insufficient information. Valerian is generally well tolerated short-term, though long-term safety isn't well studied; common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, and vivid dreams.
Avoid valerian during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Oregon grape's topical use appears generally well tolerated, but oral use is less well studied; it's likely unsafe during pregnancy and breastfeeding because berberine may pass to infants.
Bergamot essential oil is toxic if swallowed and can cause sun-related skin reactions; avoid it during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Lavender is well tolerated in food amounts; topically, rare cases of a hormone-related condition (gynecomastia) have been reported in young boys using lavender oil.
Use only with your healthcare provider's approval during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Fear-Less, double-check if you're on estrogen-containing medications (birth control, hormone therapy), CNS depressants (sleep aids, anti-anxiety pills, opioids), blood pressure medications, blood thinners (anticoagulants), diabetes drugs, methotrexate, or tamoxifen. The product's ingredient list carries Moderate-severity interactions with these categories.
If you take photosensitizing drugs or are on glucuronidated medications, flag those too with your pharmacist.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Fear-Less is a multi-ingredient supplement with several documented interactions—most importantly with estrogen therapy, sedating medications, blood pressure drugs, blood thinners, and diabetes medications. If you're on any prescription or over-the-counter medication, run this product through the interaction checker on this page or talk it over with your pharmacist or doctor before starting.
Those pregnant or breastfeeding should discuss it with their healthcare provider first.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 7 of 11 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Jan 24, 2014.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Fear-Less, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Flower Essence Services |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 782932151165 |
| Net contents | 1 fl. Oz.; 30 mL |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Jan 24, 2014 |
| DSLD ID | 29853 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Liquid |
| Dietary claims / uses | No Claim |
| Intended target group(s) | Adult (18 - 50 Years) |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| infusions of flowers of | 0 NP | -- |
| Essential Oils | 0 NP | -- |
| Trifolium pratense | 0 NP | -- |
| Penstemon newberryi | 0 NP | -- |
| Valeriana capitata | 0 NP | -- |
| Berberis aquifolium | 0 NP | -- |
| Mimulus guttatus | 0 NP | -- |
| Helianthemum nummularium | 0 NP | -- |
| Rosa chinensis viridiflora | 0 NP | -- |
| bergamot orange | 0 NP | -- |
| English lavender | 0 NP | -- |
| ylang ylang | 0 NP | -- |
| Cistus ladaniferus | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Water, Brandy
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
flower essence & essential oil
Composure & containment when challenged by fear, anxiety or panic
BEST BY 06/2022 120611
FDA Statement of Identity
herbal supplement
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Suggested use: Spray four times daily in mouth or around body. Shake well before use.
Seals/Symbols
DEMETER(R)
FES Quintessentials(TM)
Formulation
Certified organic by Stellar Certification Services, Inc.
Brand IP Statement(s)
Certified Biodynamic(R) by the Demeter Association, Inc.
General
120611
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services
These are the 11 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size4 Spray(s) Dosage formLiquid Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Infusions of flowers of
- › Trifolium pratense
- › Penstemon newberryi
- › Valeriana capitata
- › Berberis aquifolium
- › Mimulus guttatus
- › Helianthemum nummularium
- › Rosa chinensis viridiflora
Essential Oils
- › Bergamot orange
- › English lavender
- › Ylang ylang
- › Cistus ladaniferus
Other (inactive) ingredients: Water, Brandy. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services contains several ingredients with documented interactions: red clover, valerian, Oregon grape, bergamot, and lavender.
The most serious interactions are Moderate in severity. Red clover may interfere with estrogen therapy (including birth control and hormone replacement) through its phytoestrogen content, which could reduce how well those drugs work.
It also carries a case report of increased methotrexate toxicity and theoretical concerns with tamoxifen.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Valerian can add to the sedative effects of CNS depressants (sleeping pills, anti-anxiety medications, opioids) and alcohol, and may weaken how your body clears certain glucuronidated drugs. Oregon grape's main concern is its potential to raise levels of several drug-metabolizing enzyme substrates—including blood pressure medications, blood thinners, diabetes drugs, and others—through inhibition of liver enzymes; it may also worsen bleeding risk with anticoagulants and lower blood sugar too much with diabetes medications.
Bergamot may increase sun sensitivity if you're on photosensitizing drugs, and theoretically could lower blood sugar too much with diabetes medications. Lavender may add to sedation when combined with CNS depressants.
We could not check three other ingredients—Penstemon newberryi, Mimulus guttatus, and ylang ylang—because we hold no interaction data for them.
Altogether, these interactions span 1,369 individual medications. Use the search tool below to check your exact prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs before starting this product.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Fear-Less?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Fear-Less interact with 1,368 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 11 ingredients in Fear-Less interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Berberis aquifolium Valeriana capitata Trifolium pratense bergamot orange English lavender
Ado-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Abciximab interactionTrifolium PratenseAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Although some laboratory research suggests that red clover may have anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity, clinical research has not shown this effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Abemaciclib interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Abemaciclib interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Abiraterone interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Abiraterone interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Abiraterone Acetate interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Abiraterone Acetate interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Abrocitinib interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 2c19 (cyp2c19) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, P-glycoprotein Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acalabrutinib interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acalabrutinib interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acarbose interactionBergamot OrangeAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking bergamot with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Fear-Less — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acenocoumarol interactionTrifolium PratenseAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Although some laboratory research suggests that red clover may have anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity, clinical research has not shown this effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acepromazine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acepromazine interactionValeriana CapitataCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acepromazine interactionBerberis AquifoliumCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionBerberis AquifoliumAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionTrifolium PratenseAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Although some laboratory research suggests that red clover may have anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity, clinical research has not shown this effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionBerberis AquifoliumAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Anticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs +2 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionValeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Fear-Less — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionValeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionValeriana CapitataCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Fear-Less — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionBergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, soy might reduce the clearance of caffeine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionValeriana CapitataCns Depressants, Glucuronidated Drugs +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionTrifolium PratenseCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, soy might reduce the clearance of caffeine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Fear-Less — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionValeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Glucuronidated Drugs +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionBergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Fear-Less — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Berberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cns Depressants +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionValeriana CapitataCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEnglish LavenderCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full English Lavender + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionBergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Bergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionValeriana CapitataCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Fear-Less — through 4 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Valeriana CapitataGlucuronidated Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
Read the full Valeriana Capitata + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionBergamot OrangePhotosensitizing Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Read the full Bergamot Orange + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionBerberis AquifoliumCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Berberis Aquifolium + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionTrifolium PratenseCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Read the full Trifolium Pratense + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Fear-Less with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Berberis aquifolium
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro and in vivo research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Clinical research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can lower blood glucose levels.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can have hypotensive effects. Also, an analysis of clinical evidence suggests that taking berberine in combination with amlodipine (Norvasc) can lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure when compared with taking amlodipine alone.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Animal research suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can have sedative effects.
Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase the effects and adverse effects of cyclosporine.
Berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can reduce metabolism of cyclosporine and increase serum levels. It might inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), which metabolizes cyclosporine.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9).
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro research and preliminary clinical evidence suggest that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, can inhibit cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6).
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
In vitro research and preliminary clinical evidence suggest that berberine, a constituent of Oregon grape, moderately inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4).
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, Oregon grape might increase serum levels of drugs that are P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
In vitro research suggests that Oregon grape extracts inhibit P-gp efflux.
Valeriana capitata
Alcohol (Ethanol)
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with alcohol.
Valerian has sedative effects. Theoretically, valerian might have an additive sedative effect when combined with alcohol. Excessive sedation has been reported in an alcohol-abusing individual who took valerian and Gingko biloba. However, the potential interaction between valerian and alcohol has been disputed in other research. Limited evidence suggests that a combination of valerian 160 mg and lemon balm 80 mg (Euvegal) does not cause further deterioration in reaction ability and reaction rate when taken with alcohol as compared to the effects of alcohol alone.
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used with alprazolam. Also, valerian in high doses might modestly increase alprazolam levels, though this is not likely to be clinically significant.
Valerian has sedative effects. Theoretically, valerian might cause additive sedation when combined with alprazolam. Also, a small pharmacokinetic study shows that taking valerian extract 1000 mg daily (providing 11 mg valerenic acid) might increase alprazolam levels by about 19%. This might be due to valerian's mild inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Despite being statistically significant, this increase is not likely to be clinically significant.
Cns Depressants
Valerian can have additive sedative effects when used concomitantly with CNS depressant drugs.
Theoretically, concomitant use of valerian and drugs with sedative and anesthetic properties may cause additive therapeutic and adverse effects.
Glucuronidated Drugs
Valerian might weakly inhibit glucuronidation and increase concentrations of drugs metabolized by UGT1A1 and UGT2B7.
In vitro research shows that methanolic valerian extract and valerenic acid might competitively inhibit UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 (UGT1A1) and UGT2B7.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Although some in vitro evidence suggests that valerian affects CYP2D6, clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies show that valerian is unlikely to affect the CYP2D6 enzyme. In one PK study, taking valerian 1000 mg (providing about 11 mg valerenic acid) nightly for 14 days did not affect the metabolism of dextromethorphan, a CYP2D6 substrate. In another PK study, taking valerian 125 mg three times daily for 28 days did not affect metabolism of debrisoquine, an accepted CYP2D6 probe-substrate.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Valerian does not seem to have a clinically relevant effect on levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Although some in vitro evidence suggests that valerian extract might inhibit or induce CYP3A4, clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) studies show that valerian does not have a clinically significant effect on the CYP3A4 enzyme. In one PK study, taking valerian 125 mg three times daily for 28 days did not affect metabolism of midazolam, an accepted CYP3A4 probe-substrate. In another PK study, taking valerian 1000 mg (providing about 11 mg valerenic acid) nightly for 14 days modestly increases levels of alprazolam, a CYP3A4 substrate, suggesting mild inhibition of CYP3A4. However, this mild inhibition is unlikely to be clinically relevant.
Trifolium pratense
Estrogens
Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of red clover might interfere with estrogen therapy.
Red clover contains phytoestrogens which might have estrogenic activity in some people. Theoretically, red clover might compete for estrogen receptors and interfere with estrogen-containing drug therapy.
Methotrexate (Trexall, Others)
Theoretically, red clover might increase the risk of methotrexate toxicity.
In a case report, a 52-year-old female receiving weekly methotrexate injections for psoriasis developed symptoms of methotrexate toxicity, including severe vomiting and epigastric pain, after three days of taking red clover 430 mg daily. Toxicity resolved after red clover was discontinued. However, no liver function tests or methotrexate levels were reported.
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
Theoretically, the phytoestrogens in red clover might interfere with tamoxifen.
In vitro and animal research suggests that genistein, a constituent of red clover, might antagonize the antitumor effects of tamoxifen. However, there is some evidence from an animal study that red clover does not reduce the efficacy of tamoxifen. Until more is known, tell patients taking tamoxifen to avoid red clover.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Although some laboratory research suggests that red clover may have anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity, clinical research has not shown this effect.
In vitro research suggests that genistein in red clover has antiplatelet effects, and historically, red clover was thought to have anticoagulant effects due to its coumarin content. However, some experts state that this is unlikely as most natural coumarins have not been shown to have anticoagulant effects, and their content in red clover is low. Additionally, some clinical research in postmenopausal patients found no effect on coagulation or prothrombin time with the use of red clover flowering tops 378 mg daily for 12 months or red clover isoflavone (Rimostil) 50 mg daily for 2 years.
Caffeine
Theoretically, soy might reduce the clearance of caffeine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Red clover contains genistein. Taking genistein 1 gram daily for 14 days seems to inhibit caffeine clearance and metabolism in healthy females. However, this effect does not seem to occur with the lower amounts of genistein found in red clover. A clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of caffeine.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence shows that red clover inhibits CYP1A2. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of caffeine, a CYP1A2 probe substrate.
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase the levels and clinical effects of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19.
In vitro evidence suggests that red clover weakly inhibits CYP2C19. This interaction has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence suggests that red clover might inhibit CYP2C9. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of tolbutamide, a CYP2C9 probe substrate.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Theoretically, red clover might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
In vitro evidence shows that red clover might inhibit CYP3A4 isoenzymes. However, a clinical study in healthy postmenopausal individuals shows that taking red clover capsules standardized to contain 60 mg isoflavones twice daily for 14 days does not affect the pharmacokinetics of alprazolam, a CYP3A4 probe substrate.
bergamot orange
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking bergamot with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Animal research suggests that bergamot juice has hypoglycemic effects.
Photosensitizing Drugs
Theoretically, topical bergamot essential oil might increase the risk of side effects when used along with photosensitizing drugs.
Bergamot contains bergapten, which has photosensitizing effects.
English lavender
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, lavender might potentiate the therapeutic effects and adverse effects of CNS depressants.
Laboratory research suggests that lavender has sedative effects. However, clinical studies in patients taking oral lavender oil (Silexan) 160 mg for 10 weeks or taking lavender flower powder 1 gram daily for 2 months have not reported side effects of drowsiness, sedation, or sleepiness. There is still some concern that higher doses or different preparations of lavender might have additive effects with CNS depressant medications.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Fear-Less, from the product label.
Fear-Less by Flower Essence Services: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Fear-Less’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Red Clover
Interacts with 867 drugsRed clover is a plant rich in isoflavones (plant compounds with weak estrogen-like activity) that is most often used for menopause symptoms like hot flashes. The evidence is mixed and genera...
Read the full Red Clover monograph → Herb & supplement monographValerian
Interacts with 902 drugsValerian is an herb whose root is widely used as a natural sleep aid and for calming nerves. The evidence is mixed and often weak, so it may help some people sleep but does not work reliably...
Read the full Valerian monograph → Herb & supplement monographOregon Grape
Interacts with 1,218 drugsOregon grape is a shrub whose root contains berberine and related compounds. The strongest (though still modest) evidence is for topical creams that may slightly ease psoriasis; evidence for...
Read the full Oregon Grape monograph → Herb & supplement monographRock Rose
Rock Rose usually refers to plants in the Cistus family, taken as a tea or extract and traditionally used for colds, sore throats, and as an antimicrobial; it is also a Bach flower remedy us...
Read the full Rock Rose monograph → Herb & supplement monographBergamot
Interacts with 410 drugsBergamot is a Mediterranean citrus fruit, and its standardized extract is most often used to support cholesterol and heart health, with some early but promising research. The essential oil i...
Read the full Bergamot monograph → Herb & supplement monographLavender
Interacts with 248 drugsLavender is a fragrant herb most popular for promoting relaxation, easing anxiety, and supporting sleep, with some encouraging evidence for a standardized oral lavender oil product for anxie...
Read the full Lavender monograph → Herb & supplement monographLabdanum
Labdanum is a sticky, fragrant resin from the rockrose plant (Cistus ladanifer) that is used mainly in perfumes, incense, and aromatherapy. There is very little high-quality human research t...
Read the full Labdanum monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Fear-Less's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 124 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Red Clover 24 references
- Kurzer MS, Xu X. Dietary phytoestrogens. Annu Rev Nutr 1997;17:353-81. PubMed
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