P.M. Relaxation By ProCaps Laboratories Overview & Drug Interactions

Calcium is a vital nutrient found in various foods such as dairy products, certain vegetables, and many fortified items. Over 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones and teeth, predominantly as hydroxyapatite. The remaining calcium circulates in the blood, extracellular fluid, muscles, and other tissues, where it is essential for processes like nerve signaling, muscle contraction, vascular activities, glandular secretion, and maintaining cell membrane and capillary permeability. It also plays critical roles in enzyme reactions, respiration, kidney function, and blood clotting, and is involved in neurotransmitter and hormone release, amino acid uptake, vitamin B12 absorption, and gastrin secretion. Calcium balance changes with age: it is positive during periods of growth, stable in adulthood, and tends to become negative in older age. Calcium loss occurs through feces, urine, sweat, and shedding skin cells. In women, reduced estrogen levels decrease calcium absorption and retention, increase bone turnover, and lead to lower bone mass. Calcium supplements come in various forms, including citrate and carbonate, which differ mainly in their calcium content and absorption rates. Calcium citrate is easily absorbed and can be taken without food, making it suitable for older adults or those with low stomach acid. In contrast, calcium carbonate, which contains a higher percentage of calcium, is best absorbed when taken with meals.

Magnesium is a mineral that is essential for the proper functioning of the body. It plays a role in many important physiological processes, including the contraction and relaxation of muscles, the transmission of nerve impulses, and the regulation of blood pressure. Magnesium is found in a variety of foods, including leafy green vegetables, nuts, and grains, and it is also available as a dietary supplement. There are several different forms of magnesium that are available as supplements, all of which can be used to prevent deficiency. Additionally, magnesium is purported to have several different health benefits, such as improving sleep, reducing muscle cramps, reducing anxiety, and preventing or treating migraines. Although magnesium is essential for health, magnesium-containing foods and supplements can interact with some prescription medications if used at the same time.

Chromium is a trace mineral that is found in small amounts in the human body. It is believed to play a role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It is used as a dietary supplement for its purported ability to help with weight loss and blood sugar control. There is some evidence to suggest that chromium supplements may help to improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes, although the results of studies on this topic have been mixed. Some studies have found that chromium supplements can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce blood sugar levels in those with poorly controlled diabetes, while others have found no significant effects.

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a soft, silvery-grey metal that is found in small amounts in various minerals and rocks. Vanadium is used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of steel and as a chemical catalyst. Vanadium is an essential trace mineral that is required by the body in small amounts for proper growth and development. The human body does not naturally produce it. It is involved in several important biological processes, including the metabolism of carbohydrates and the synthesis of proteins and DNA. Vanadium supplements are sometimes marketed as a way to improve athletic performance, lower cholesterol levels, and manage diabetes. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support the use of vanadium supplements for these purposes and high levels of vanadium can be toxic. It must be used cautiously.

Boron is a trace mineral that is found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes. It is also available as a dietary supplement. Boron is thought to play a role in bone health, as it may help the body metabolize calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus. Some preliminary research also suggests that boron may have anti-inflammatory effects and may help to improve cognitive function. However, more research is needed to confirm these potential benefits. It is important to note that boron is not an essential nutrient and deficiency is rare. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for boron is not established, however, the safe upper limit is 20mg/day. Taking high doses of boron can cause skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. There are several patented forms of boron available in dietary supplements, such as Albion Bororganic Glycine.

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a perennial herb native to Europe and Asia. The plant is known for its strong, distinctive odor and its purported medicinal effects. Valerian contains a number of active compounds, including valerenic acid and valepotriates, which are believed to have a sedative effect on the body and are may to be helpful in the treatment of insomnia and anxiety. Valerian is also believed to have mild tranquilizing and muscle-relaxing properties and may be helpful in the treatment of muscle spasms and other muscle disorders. The root of the valerian plant is most commonly utilized in dietary supplements and is often standardized for valerenic acid content.

Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a climbing vine with fragrant white and purple flowers that is native to the Americas. It is purported to have a number of potential health benefits, including reducing anxiety and improving sleep. It is thought to work by increasing the levels of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps regulate mood and anxiety. Passionflower may also have mild sedative and muscle-relaxing effects and may be helpful in the treatment of muscle spasms and other muscle disorders. Dietary supplements containing passionflower are generally standardized to contain no less than 1.5% of the flavanoid vitexin.

Hops are the female flowers (also known as cones) of the hop plant, Humulus lupulus, and a member of the Cannabaceae family. Hops are native to Europe and are widely cultivated in many parts of the world. Hops have a variety of applications, such as for food flavoring and brewing beer. Hops extract has been used in topical medicinal preparations and as a dietary supplement.

Rhodiola is a type of plant native to the Arctic regions of Europe and Asia. It is also known as "golden root" or "arctic root." The roots and rhizomes of Rhodiola are commonly used in dietary supplements for their purported effects as an 'adaptogen', which are used to improve physical and mental performance, reduce fatigue, and enhance the ability to cope with stress. Rhodiola is believed to work by increasing the production of certain chemicals in the brain (e.g., serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine) that are involved in mood and energy regulation. Rhodiola supplements are often standardized to a specific amount of their rosavin and salidroside content.

Melatonin is a hormone that is produced naturally in the pineal gland. It is involved in several different bodily processes, such as the regulation of the body's sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin is available as a dietary supplement and is often used to help people with sleep disorders, such as insomnia, fall asleep more easily. There is some evidence to suggest that melatonin supplements may be helpful in reducing the time it takes to fall asleep and improving sleep quality, although the results of studies on this topic have been mixed. Studies show better support for some specific conditions, such as Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) and Non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder. Melatonin is generally considered to be safe when used in the short term, although it can cause side effects in some people, such as dizziness, headache, and nausea. While melatonin is a natural hormone, it is often synthesized for its use in dietary supplements.