Triple Immune Support Ingredients & Drug Interactions
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Triple Immune Support against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Triple Immune Support is a dietary supplement by Terry Naturally with 3 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for common cold, flu and respiratory infections, immune support.Based on those ingredients, 1,031 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) cold pressed juice extract, Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract, Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
Ask the Pharmacist
A licensed pharmacist will answer your question by email — free, usually within 24 hours.
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally
Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.
What’s inside
Low disclosure
Triple Immune Support contains three active ingredients. Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) is a cold-pressed juice extract of the flowering plant.
Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) is a leaf extract from a tropical herb. Pelargonium sidoides is a root extract, also known as umckaloabo.
The tablet also contains inactive ingredients — microcrystalline cellulose, calcium carbonate, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, silicon dioxide, vegetable-source magnesium stearate, and an aqueous film coating — which are fillers and binders used to form and hold the tablet together.
Does it work?
Moderate evidence
The evidence for what this product can actually do varies widely by ingredient. Echinacea has insufficient evidence to support its use for anxiety, athletic performance, ADHD, burns, chronic fatigue, or migraine headaches — meaning studies haven't established it works for those purposes.
Andrographis shows possibly effective evidence for ulcerative colitis, tonsillopharyngitis (sore throat inflammation), and osteoarthritis, but insufficient evidence for familial Mediterranean fever. Pelargonium sidoides is possibly effective for acute bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but evidence is insufficient for tonsillopharyngitis.
What the product as a whole is intended to do isn't specified in the facts we have.
How safe is it?
Well-documented data
Each ingredient is generally well tolerated for short-term use, though side effects do occur. Echinacea commonly causes abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, rashes, and stomach upset.
Rare but serious effects include severe allergic reactions and hepatitis. People allergic to ragweed or related plants (chrysanthemums, marigolds, daisies) are at higher risk for allergic reactions.
Andrographis commonly causes abdominal discomfort, altered taste, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, itching, and rash — especially at higher doses or beyond two weeks. Rare serious reactions include anaphylaxis.
Pelargonium sidoides commonly causes allergic skin rash, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal upset and does not appear to damage the liver. Safety data for pregnancy and breastfeeding is not on file for any of these ingredients, so talk with your doctor or pharmacist before use if you're pregnant or nursing.
Meds to double-check
Moderate interaction found
Before taking Triple Immune Support, double-check with your pharmacist if you take blood pressure medications, blood thinners or antiplatelet drugs (like warfarin or aspirin), immunosuppressants, cancer medications, antifungal drugs, or any medication broken down by your liver — especially those processed through the CYP1A2 or CYP3A4 pathways. Echinacea may also increase the effects of caffeine.
The interactions are numerous and span many medication types.
The bottom line
Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with some supporting evidence for its stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
This product combines three herbal ingredients with some evidence for respiratory and digestive conditions. If you take any prescription medications — especially blood thinners, blood pressure drugs, immunosuppressants, or drugs processed by the liver — check with your pharmacist before adding this supplement.
The ingredient list is long on interactions, and short-term use is better established than long-term safety.
Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI
Assessment coverage: 3 of 3 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 22, 2015.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Triple Immune Support, straight from the product label.
| Brand | Terry Naturally |
|---|---|
| Barcode (UPC) | 367703120061 |
| Net contents | 60 Tablet(s) |
| Market status | On market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Oct 22, 2015 |
| DSLD ID | 52899 |
| Product type | Botanical |
| Supplement form | Tablet Or Pill |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Children 4 or More Years of Age, Vegan, Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free, Dairy Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Formula | 226 mg | -- |
| Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) cold pressed juice extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Calcium Carbonate, Croscarmellose Sodium, Stearic Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Vegetable Source Magnesium Stearate, Aqueous Film Coating
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements
-Supports the body’s natural resistance - Provides healthy upper respiratory tract and nasal passage support*
For Your Good Health Terry
UNCONDITIONALLY GUARANTEED
Formula
- Safe for adults and children ages 4 and up
NOW WITH GINGERGLIDE COATING
Pelargonium, Echinacea and Andrographis
This powerful formulation combines clinically researched Andrographis with the time-tested effectiveness of Echinacea and Pelargonium (umckaloabo) to support a healthy immune system.
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Recommendations: One tablet up to 6 times daily for adults; 1 tablet daily for children.
For additional immune support, we also recommend Terry Naturally ViraPro.
Precautions
If pregnant or nursing, consult a healthcare practitioner before using.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
* THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.
General
JC 34 91 + 3(5,6)EP L12006.06
Formulation
NON-GMO
No sugar, salt, yeast, wheat, gluten, corn, soy, dairy products, artificial coloring, or artificial preservatives.
FDA Statement of Identity
Dietary Supplement
Seals/Symbols
V VEGAN
Terry Naturally EuroPharma
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally
These are the 3 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Tablet(s) Dosage formTablet Or Pill Servings per container60 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Other (inactive) ingredients: Microcrystalline Cellulose, Calcium Carbonate, Croscarmellose Sodium, Stearic Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Vegetable Source Magnesium Stearate, Aqueous Film Coating. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally Drug Interactions
HelloPharmacist Interaction Report
Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally contains three active ingredients that together interact with a broad range of medications.
The most serious interaction involves echinacea and drugs that are metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP1A2 — echinacea can slow their breakdown and raise their blood levels. This is a Moderate-severity concern affecting caffeine, certain antidepressants, and other medications processed through this pathway.
Read the full breakdown — every affected drug type, severity by severity
Echinacea also has Moderate interactions with blood thinners and anti-clotting drugs (it may affect warfarin clearance), drugs broken down by CYP3A4 liver enzymes (which make up a large portion of medications), immunosuppressants used after transplant or for autoimmune conditions, and the cancer drug etoposide. Andrographis adds Moderate concerns with blood pressure medications (it may lower blood pressure further), anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs (it may increase bleeding risk), and immunosuppressants.
Pelargonium sidoides carries Moderate risk with immunosuppressants and Minor risk with blood thinners.
Additionally, echinacea and andrographis each interact with several other medication categories at Minor severity — among them antifungal drugs, antiretrovirals, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers. Altogether, these interactions span 1,017 individual medications.
Because the interactions are numerous and their severity depends on your specific drugs and doses, use the medication checker on this page with your exact prescriptions before you start.
Check your own medications below · Editorial policy · How we use AI
Want to check YOUR meds against Triple Immune Support?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Triple Immune Support interact with 1,031 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
3 of the 3 ingredients in Triple Immune Support interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) cold pressed juice extract Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionEchinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Abciximab interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Abrocitinib interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Immunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAndrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Andrographis (andrographis Paniculata) Leaf Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionEchinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionPelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Minor
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Pelargonium (pelargonium Sidoides) Root Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan HydrobromideCoricidin HBP Maximum Strength Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, PhenylpropanolamineMulti Symptom Cold Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Triple Immune Support — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea (echinacea Purpurea) Cold Pressed Juice Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan, Phenylpropanolamine interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Triple Immune Support with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) cold pressed juice extract
Caffeine
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine by around 30%. This is likely due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) by echinacea.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Echinacea appears to inhibit CYP1A2 enzymes in humans. Additionally, echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate, by around 30%. Theoretically, echinacea might increase levels of other drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. This may increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Several clinical trials have shown that taking echinacea for up to one month does not significantly affect the metabolism of various CYP3A4 substrates, including midazolam, docetaxel, etravirine, lopinavir-ritonavir, and darunavir-ritonavir. However, other clinical research shows that echinacea may increase the clearance of midazolam, suggesting that echinacea might induce CYP3A4. The discrepancy is thought to be due to differing effects of echinacea on intestinal versus hepatic CYP3A4 enzymes. Echinacea appears to induce hepatic CYP3A4 but inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. In some cases, these effects might cancel each other out, but in others, drug levels may be increased or decreased depending on the level of effect at hepatic and intestinal sites. The effect of echinacea on CYP3A4 activity may differ depending on the CYP3A4 substrate.
Etoposide (Vepesid)
Echinacea may increase levels of etoposide.
In one report, concomitant use of etoposide and echinacea was associated with more severe thrombocytopenia than the use of etoposide alone, suggesting inhibition of etoposide metabolism. Etoposide is a cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrate. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but some studies have reported inhibition of the enzyme.
Immunosuppressants
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy because of its immunostimulant activity.
Darunavir (Prezista)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of darunavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Darunavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but administration of an E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg four times daily for 14 days did not affect darunavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in 15 HIV-infected patients.
Dayquil Severe
Echinacea is reported to have varying effects on a number of Cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzymes in the liver, including CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, which play a role in acetaminophen and dextromethorphan metabolism (both contained in DayQuil Severe), respectively. Studies have reported both enzyme inhibition and induction, making it difficult to predict clinically significant drug interactions with reliability. Specific drug interaction studies reporting definitive results are rare, and potential drug interactions involving echinacea should likely be taken on a case-by-case basis. Based on what we know about how acetaminophen and dextromethorphan are metabolized, the risk of a clinically significant interaction between echinacea and DayQuil Severe is low.
Docetaxel (Taxotere)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of docetaxel; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Docetaxel is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea whole plant extract (Echinaforce, A. Vogel Biopharma AG) 20 drops three times daily for 2 weeks did not alter the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in one clinical study.
Etravirine (Intelence)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of etravirine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Etravirine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of etravirine in HIV-infected patients.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of lopinavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Lopinavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea (Echinamide, Natural Factors Nutritional Products, Inc.) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, echinacea may increase the metabolism of intravenous midazolam.
Echinacea induces hepatic CYP3A4 and might decrease plasma levels of midazolam by about 20%, reducing the effectiveness of intravenous midazolam. Echinacea also appears to inhibit intestinal CYP3A4, which could theoretically increase the bioavailability of oral midazolam. This may cancel out the decrease in availability caused by induction of hepatic CYP3A4, such that overall plasma levels after oral administration of midazolam are not affected by echinacea.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Echinacea seems to increase the clearance of warfarin, although the effect may not be clinically significant.
Preliminary clinical research in healthy male volunteers suggests that taking echinacea increases the clearance of the active S-isomer of warfarin after a single dose of warfarin, but there was not a clinically significant effect on the INR.
Andrographis (Andrographis paniculata) leaf extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Animal and laboratory studies suggest that andrographis has antiplatelet effects.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, andrographis might increase the risk of hypotension when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research suggests that andrographis has hypotensive effects.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, andrographis might interfere with the effects of immunosuppressive drugs.
Laboratory research suggests that andrographolide has immunostimulant activity.
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib. The clinical significance of these changes is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally increases the maximum concentration and time to peak concentration of celecoxib but does not appear to impact the area under the curve.
Etoricoxib (Arcoxia)
Theoretically, andrographis might decrease the absorption of etoricoxib, although the clinical significance is unclear.
Animal research shows that andrographis extract, or the constituent andrographolide, taken orally with etoricoxib decreases the bioavailability of etoricoxib. However, this reduced bioavailability is not correlated with a reduction in the anti-inflammatory effects of etoricoxib in arthritic mice models. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Theoretically, andrographis extract might increase the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide; however, opposite effects are seen with the constituent, andrographolide. The clinical significance of this interaction is unclear.
Animal research suggests that andrographis extract taken orally with glipizide in diabetes-induced rats increases the maximum concentration and area under the curve of glipizide. However, the opposite effect is seen with the constituent, andrographolide, in which the maximum concentration and area under the curve are decreased when taken with glipizide.
Pelargonium (Pelargonium sidoides) root extract
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might decrease the effectiveness of immunosuppressant therapy.
In vitro research suggests that Pelargonium sidoides has immunostimulant effects.
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, Pelargonium sidoides might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Pelargonium sidoides contains coumarin, which may reduce platelet aggregation. However, in animal models, Pelargonium sidoides extract does not appear to inhibit coagulation or interact with warfarin. This interaction has not been documented in humans.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Triple Immune Support, from the product label.
Terry Naturally
See all Terry Naturally products- Name
- EuroPharma, Inc.
- City
- Green Bay
- State
- WI
- ZipCode
- 54311
- Phone Number
- (866) 807-2731
- Web Address
- www.EuroPharmaUSA.com
Triple Immune Support by Terry Naturally: Common Questions
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Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Triple Immune Support’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Echinacea
Interacts with 816 drugsEchinacea is a popular herb taken to help prevent or shorten the common cold, but study results are mixed and the overall benefit appears small at best. It is generally well tolerated for sh...
Read the full Echinacea monograph → Herb & supplement monographAndrographis
Interacts with 413 drugsAndrographis is a bitter Asian herb traditionally used for colds, flu, and infections, and some studies suggest it may ease cold symptoms and shorten how long they last. The evidence is limi...
Read the full Andrographis monograph → Herb & supplement monographUmckaloabo
Interacts with 241 drugsUmckaloabo is a root extract from a South African geranium that is most studied for short-term relief of acute bronchitis and other respiratory infections. Some clinical research suggests it...
Read the full Umckaloabo monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Triple Immune Support's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 93 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Echinacea 51 references
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- Mullins RJ. Allergic reactions to Echinacea. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;104:S340-341 (Abstract 1003).
- Chavez ML, Chavez PI. Echinacea. Hosp Pharm 1998;33:180-8.
- Grimm W, Muller HH. A randomized controlled trial of the effect of fluid extract of Echinacea purpurea on the incidence and severity of colds and respiratory infections. Am J Med 1999;106:138-43. PubMed
- Taylor JA, Weber W, Standish L, et al. Efficacy and safety of echinacea in treating upper respiratory tract infections in children: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003;290:2824-30.. PubMed
- Luettig B, Steinmuller C, Gifford GE, et al. Macrophage activation by the polysaccharide arabinogalactan isolated from plant cell cultures of Echinacea purpurea. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81:669-75. PubMed
- Stimpel M, Proksch A, Wagner H, et al. Macrophage activation and induction of macrophage cytotoxicity by purified polysaccharide fractions from the plant Echinacea purpurea. Infect Immun 1984;46:845-9. PubMed
- Budzinski JW, Foster BC, Vandenhoek S, Arnason JT. An in vitro evaluation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibition by selected commercial herbal extracts and tinctures. Phytomedicine 2000;7:273-82. PubMed
- Gallo M, Sarkar M, Au W, et al. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to echinacea: A prospective controlled study. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3141-3. PubMed
- Soon SL, Crawford RI. Recurrent erythema nodosum associated with echinacea herbal therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:298-9. PubMed
- Mullins RJ, Heddle R. Adverse reactions associated with echinacea: the Australian experience. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002;88:42-51. PubMed
- Logan JL, Ahmed J. Critical hypokalemic renal tubular acidosis due to Sjogren's syndrome: association with the purported immune stimulant echinacea. Clin Rheumatol 2003;22:158-9.
- Schulten B, Bulitta M, Ballering-Bruhl B, et al. Efficacy of Echinacea purpurea in patients with a common cold. A placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind clinical trial. Arzneimittelforschung 2001;51:563-8.. PubMed
- Yale SH, Glurich I. Analysis of the inhibitory potential of Ginkgo biloba, Echinacea purpurea, and Serenoa repens on the metabolic activity of cytochrome P450 3A4, 2D6, and 2C9. J Altern Complement Med 2005;11:433-9.
- Yale SH, Liu K. Echinacea purpurea therapy for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1237-41. PubMed
- Gorski JC, Huang S, Zaheer NA, et al. The effect of echinacea (Echinacea purpurea root) on cytochrome P450 activity in vivo.Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003;73 (Abstract PDII-A-8):P94. PubMed
- Lee AN, Werth VP. Activation of autoimmunity following use of immunostimulatory herbal supplements. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:723-7. PubMed
- Goel V, Lovlin R, Barton R, et al. Efficacy of a standardized echinacea preparation (Echinilin) for the treatment of the common cold: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Pharm Ther 2004;29:75-83.
- Barrett B. Medicinal properties of Echinacea: a critical review. Phytomedicine 2003;10:66-86. PubMed
- Huntley AL, Thompson Coon J, Ernst E. The safety of herbal medicinal products derived from Echinacea species: a systematic review. Drug Saf 2005;28:387-400. PubMed
- Turner RB, Bauer R, Woelkart K, et al. An evaluation of Echinacea angustifolia in experimental rhinovirus infections. N Engl J Med 2005;353:341-8.
- Gurley BJ, Gardner SF, Hubbard MA, et al. In vivo assessment of botanical supplementation on human cytochrome P450 phenotypes: Citrus aurantium, Echinacea purpurea, milk thistle, and saw palmetto. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;76:428-40. .
- Perri D, Dugoua JJ, Mills E, Koren G. Safety and efficacy of echinacea (Echinacea augustafolia, e. purpurea and e. pallida) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J Clin Pharmacol 2006;13:e262-7.
- Kocaman O, Hulagu S, Senturk O. Echinacea-induced severe acute hepatitis with features of cholestatic autoimmune hepatitis. Eur J Intern Med 2008;19:148. PubMed
- Barrett B, Brown R, Rakel D. et al. Echinacea for treating the common cold: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2010;153:769-77. PubMed
- Press Release: Echinacea herbal products should not be used in children under 12 years old. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (UK). August 20, 2012. Available at: www.mhra.gov.uk/NewsCentre/Pressreleases/CON180627. (Accessed 21 October
- Barrett B, Brown R, Rakel D, Rabago D, et al. Placebo effects and the common cold: a randomized controlled trial. Ann.Fam.Med 2011;9:312-22. PubMed
- Haller J, Freund, TF, Pelczer, KG, et al. The anxiolytic potential and psychotropic side effects of an echinacea preparation in laboratory animals and healthy volunteers. Phytother.Res. 2013;27:54-61.
- Grbic J, Wexler I, Celenti R, et al. A phase II trial of a transmucosal herbal patch for the treatment of gingivitis. J Am Dent.Assoc. 2011;142:1168-75. PubMed
- Schapowal A, Berger D, Klein P, et al. Echinacea/sage or chlorhexidine/lidocaine for treating acute sore throats: a randomized double-blind trial. Eur.J Med Res 9-1-2009;14:406-12. PubMed
- Bossaer JB and Odle BL. Probable etoposide interaction with Echinacea. J.Diet.Suppl 2012;9:90-5.
- Abdul MI, Jiang X, Williams KM, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of echinacea and policosanol with warfarin in healthy subjects. Br J Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;69:508-15. PubMed
- Kemp, D. E. and Franco, K. N. Possible leukopenia associated with long-term use of echinacea. J Am Board Fam.Pract. 2002;15(5):417-419.
- Liatsos, G., Elefsiniotis, I., Todorova, R., and Moulakakis, A. Severe thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) induced or exacerbated by the immunostimulatory herb Echinacea. Am J Hematol. 2006;81(3):224.
- Penzak, S. R., Robertson, S. M., Hunt, J. D., Chairez, C., Malati, C. Y., Alfaro, R. M., Stevenson, J. M., and Kovacs, J. A. Echinacea purpurea significantly induces cytochrome P450 3A activity but does not alter lopinavir-ritonavir exposure in healthy s
- Maskatia, Z. K. and Baker, K. Hypereosinophilia associated with echinacea use. South.Med J 2010;103(11):1173-1174. PubMed
- Parnham MJ. Benefit-risk assessment of the squeezed sap of the purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) for long-term oral immunostimulation. Phytomed 1996;3:95-102. PubMed
- Schroder-Aasen T, Molden G, Nilsen OG. In vitro inhibition of CYP3A4 by the multiherbal commercial product Sambucus Force and its main constituents Echinacea purpurea and Sambucus nigra. Phytother Res 2012;26(11):1606-13.
- Moltó J, Valle M, Miranda C, et al. Herb-drug interaction between Echinacea purpurea and darunavir-ritonavir in HIV-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011;55(1):326-30.
- Goey AK, Meijerman I, Rosing H, et al. The effect of Echinacea purpurea on the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013;76(3):467-74.
- Moltó J, Valle M, Miranda C, et al. Herb-drug interaction between Echinacea purpurea and etravirine in HIV-infected patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012;56(10):5328-31. PubMed
- Lawrenson JA, Walls T, Day AS. Echinacea-induced acute liver failure in a child. J Paediatr Child Health 2014;50(10):841.
- Hansen TS, Nilsen OG. In vitro CYP3A4 metabolism: inhibition by Echinacea purpurea and choice of substrate for the evaluation of herbal inhibition. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008;103:445-9.
- Gabranis I, Koufakis T1, Papakrivos I, Batala S. Echinacea-associated acute cholestatic hepatitis. J Postgrad Med. 2015;61(3):211-2. PubMed
- Jalloh MA, Gregory PJ, Hein D, et al. Dietary supplement interactions with antiretrovirals: a systematic review. Int J STD AIDS. 2017 Jan;28(1):4-15. PubMed
- Karsch-Völk M, Barrett B, Kiefer D, Bauer R, Ardjomand-Woelkart K, Linde K. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2014;(2):CD000530. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000530.pub3. PubMed
- Hoban CL, Byard RW, Musgrave IF. Analysis of spontaneous adverse drug reactions to echinacea, valerian, black cohosh and ginkgo in Australia from 2000 to 2015. J Integr Med. 2019;17(5):338-343. PubMed
- Ogal M, Johnston SL, Klein P, Schoop R. Echinacea reduces antibiotic usage in children through respiratory tract infection prevention: a randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial. Eur J Med Res. 2021 Apr 8;26(1):33. PubMed
- Lopresti AL, Smith SJ. An investigation into the anxiety-relieving and mood-enhancing effects of Echinacea angustifolia (EP107 ™): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Affect Disord 2021;293:229-237.
- Weishaupt R, Buchkov A, Kolev E, Klein P, Schoop R. Reduction of viral load in patients with acute sore throats: Results from an observational clinical trial with Echinacea / Salvia lozenges [published online ahead of print, 2023 Mar 8]. Complement Med Re
- Sumer J, Keckeis K, Scanferla G, et al. Novel Echinacea formulations for the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in adults-A randomized blinded controlled trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023;10:948787. PubMed
Andrographis 26 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Thamlikitkul V, Dechatiwongse T, Theerapong S, et al. Efficacy of Andrographis paniculata, Nees for pharyngotonsillitis in adults. J Med Assoc Thai 1991;74:437-42.
- Zhang CY, Tan BK. Mechanisms of cardiovascular activity of Andrographis paniculata in the anaesthetized rat. J Ethnopharmacol 1997;56:97-101. PubMed
- Zhao HY, Fang WY. Antithrombotic effects of Andrographis paniculata nees in preventing myocardial infarction. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991;104:770-5.
- Amroyan E, Gabrielian E, Panossian A, et al. Inhibitory effect of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata on PAF-induced platelet aggregation. Phytomedicine 1999;6:27-31. PubMed
- Zhang C, Kuroyangi M, Tan BK. Cardiovascular activity of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in the anaesthetised rat and isolated right atria. Pharmacol Res 1998;38:413-7. PubMed
- Puri A, Saxena R, Saxena RP, et al. Immunostimulant agents from Andrographis paniculata. J Nat Prod 1993;56:995-9. PubMed
- Melchoir J, Spasov AA, Ostrovskij OV, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot and phase III study of activity of standardized Andrographis paniculata Herba Nees extract fixed combination (Kan Jang) in the treatment of uncomplicated upper-respirator
- Calabrese C, Berman SH, Babish JG, et al. A phase I trial of andrographolide in HIV positive patients and normal volunteers. Phytother Res 2000;14:333-8. PubMed
- Gabrielian ES, Shukarian AK, Goukasova GI, et al. A double blind, placebo-controlled study of Andrographis paniculata fixed combination Kan Jang in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections including sinusitis. Phytomedicine 2002;9:589-97 PubMed
- Poolsup N, Suthisisang C, Prathanturarug S, et al. Andrographis paniculata in the symptomatic treatment of uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J Clin Pharm Ther 2004;29:37-45. PubMed
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- Burgos, R. A., Hancke, J. L., Bertoglio, J. C., Aguirre, V., Arriagada, S., Calvo, M., and Caceres, D. D. Efficacy of an Andrographis paniculata composition for the relief of rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled tria
- Saxena, R. C., Singh, R., Kumar, P., Yadav, S. C., Negi, M. P., Saxena, V. S., Joshua, A. J., Vijayabalaji, V., Goudar, K. S., Venkateshwarlu, K., and Amit, A. A randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of extract of Andrographis pa
- Tang, T., Targan, S. R., Li, Z. S., Xu, C., Byers, V. S., and Sandborn, W. J. Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine. Aliment.Pharmacol Ther 2011;33(2) PubMed
- Sandborn, W. J., Targan, S. R., Byers, V. S., Rutty, D. A., Mu, H., Zhang, X., and Tang, T. Andrographis paniculata extract (HMPL-004) for active ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(1):90-98. PubMed
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- Ciampi E, Uribe-San-Martin R, Cárcamo C, et al. Efficacy of andrographolide in not active progressive multiple sclerosis: a prospective exploratory double-blind, parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2020;20(1):173. PubMed
- Worakunphanich W, Thavorncharoensap M, Youngkong S, Thadanipon K, Thakkinstian A. Safety of Andrographis paniculata: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021;30(6):727-739.
- More SJ, Tandulwadkar SS, Balap AR, Lohidasan S, Sinnathambi A, Mahadik KR. Effect of Andrographis paniculata extract and Andrographolide on the pharmacokinetics of Aceclofenac and Celecoxib in rats. Futur J Pharm Sci. 2023;9(1):1. PubMed
- Sundhani E, Nugroho AE, Nurrochmad A, Puspitasari I, Amalia Prihati D, Lukitaningsih E. Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions of Glipizide with Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) and Andrographolide in Normal and Diabetic Rats by Validated HPLC Method. M PubMed
- Shang YX, Shen C, Stub T, et al. Adverse Effects of Andrographolide Derivative Medications Compared to the Safe use of Herbal Preparations of Andrographis paniculata: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies. Front Pharmacol 20 PubMed
Umckaloabo 16 references
- Chuchalin AG, Berman B, Lehmacher W. Treatment of acute bronchitis in adults with a pelargonium sidoides preparation (EPs 7630): A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Explore 2005;1:437-45. PubMed
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