Major interaction on record — check this product against your medications before combining. Based on 15 of 16 ingredients. Check your meds →
Dietary supplement

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by PMD Platinum

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst label
See full label image
Capsule Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
Clinical methodology reviewed by · Updated Sep 9, 2026 · Label data from the NIH DSLD
What is this page for?

First and foremost: checking Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.

Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy

The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst is a dietary supplement by PMD Platinum with 16 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for morning sickness in pregnancy, premenstrual syndrome (pms), preventing or treating b6 deficiency.Based on those ingredients, 1,619 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. The ingredients most likely to interact are Melatonin, Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract, Passion Flower extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

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Check Your Meds Against Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum

Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.

Pharmacist-reviewed data Checks every ingredient Answer in seconds
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

Generated from HelloPharmacist’s pharmacist-curated databases and editorial rules · Last generated Jul 11, 2026

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 4 of its 16 active ingredients.
  • “Trib-X Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (830 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Nocturnal Growth Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (487 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Mental Relax-5 Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (500 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst contains 16 active ingredients. The formula includes vitamins and minerals — Vitamin B6 and magnesium for metabolic support — plus minerals and herbal extracts.

Key herbal and botanical actives include melatonin for sleep support, 5-HTP and L-theanine for mood and relaxation, passionflower and chamomile for calming, GABA and phenibut for nervous system effects, tribulus and oat straw for performance and wellness, and diindolylmethane, indole-3-carbinol, and chrysin for hormone-related support. The product also contains L-Dopa (an amino acid precursor) and three blended groups — Trib-X Blend, Nocturnal Growth Blend, and Mental Relax-5 Blend — whose specific ratios are proprietary.

The capsule contains several inactive ingredients including gelatin, magnesium stearate, cellulose, and food colorings.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: night-time anabolic catalyst and muscle building.
  • We looked for evidence on: Athletic performance, Muscle strength and size, Testosterone support, Post-cycle recovery.
  • The closest evidence on file: Tribulus is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Melatonin is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.
  • Also on file: Magnesium is rated "Possibly Ineffective" for Athletic performance.

The evidence for this product's effectiveness is mixed and depends on the ingredient. Magnesium and Vitamin B6 are well established for their respective roles — B6 is effective for B6 deficiency and sideroblastic anemia, and magnesium is effective for constipation and dyspepsia.

Melatonin is likely effective for sleep disorders like delayed sleep phase syndrome. Oat straw extract is likely effective for heart health and cholesterol.

Several ingredients show only possibly effective evidence: 5-HTP for depression, melatonin for high blood pressure, tribulus for sexual function, and passionflower for insomnia and anxiety. For many others — chrysin, diindolylmethane, indole-3-carbinol, GABA, L-theanine, phenibut, and chamomile — the evidence in our data is insufficient to establish whether they work for their intended purposes.

Since this is marketed as a night-time anabolic catalyst, the evidence does not clearly support those specific claims.

The evidence, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B6 Zinc Magnesium Chrysin Diindolylmethane Indole-3-carbinol Tribulus Oats

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 14 of the 15 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 15 of 15.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 15 of 15.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Most ingredients in this product are generally well tolerated at recommended doses, but several carry important cautions. Vitamin B6 is safe at normal amounts but high doses over time can damage nerves (sensory neuropathy).

Zinc is well tolerated below 40 mg daily but can cause nausea, diarrhea, and metallic taste. Magnesium commonly causes diarrhea and gastrointestinal upset.

Phenibut is regarded as unsafe — it carries a high risk of dependence, dangerous withdrawal symptoms (seizures, hallucinations, hypertension), and respiratory depression, and is not approved as a supplement or drug in the U.S. Melatonin, 5-HTP, chrysin, diindolylmethane, indole-3-carbinol, passionflower, tribulus, and L-theanine all lack sufficient safety data for pregnancy and breastfeeding; pregnancy and breastfeeding data are also not on file for GABA and chamomile.

Chamomile may trigger allergic reactions in people sensitive to ragweed. 5-HTP can cause headache, nausea, diarrhea, and drowsiness, with rare reports of mania and aggression at high doses.

Side effects, ingredient by ingredient Vitamin B6 Zinc Magnesium Chrysin Diindolylmethane Indole-3-carbinol Tribulus Oats

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 15 of the 15 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Tribulus, Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba), 5-htp, Oats, Passion Flower, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; seizure medications; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium; Parkinson's medications.
  • For scale: 1,620 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Before taking this product, check with your pharmacist if you take Parkinson's medications (especially levodopa/carbidopa), blood pressure drugs, blood thinners or anticoagulants, diabetes medications or insulin, seizure medications, antibiotics (especially quinolones or tetracyclines), HIV medications, birth control or hormone therapy, sedative or sleep aids, or antidepressants. The Major severity interaction with levodopa/carbidopa is the most serious concern.

No interactions are documented for L-Dopa itself, as we hold no data for that ingredient.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

This is a complex multi-ingredient supplement with a mix of evidence. If you take any prescription medications — especially Parkinson's drugs, blood pressure medications, diabetes medications, antibiotics, blood thinners, or seizure medications — you need to check each of your specific drugs before using this product.

The inclusion of phenibut is a major red flag: it's not approved in the U.S. and carries serious addiction and withdrawal risks. Talk to your pharmacist or doctor about whether this product is right for you and your current medications.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 15 of 16 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Aug 26, 2014.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst, straight from the product label.

Brand PMD Platinum
Net contents 90 Capsule(s)
Market status Off market
Date entered into DSLD Aug 26, 2014
DSLD ID 35892
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Capsule
Dietary claims / uses All Other, Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
3 Capsule(s)
Servings per container
30
IngredientAmount% DV
Vitamin B65 mg250%
Zinc15 mg100%
Chrysin0 NP--
5-HTP0 NP--
Diindolymethane0 NP--
Melatonin3 mg--
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid0 NP--
Phenibut0 NP--
Indole-3-Carbinol0 NP--
Magnesium17 mg4%
Passion Flower extract0 NP--
Tribulus extract0 NP--
L-Dopa0 NP--
Trib-X Blend830 mg--
Oat straw stem & leaf extract0 NP--
Nocturnal Growth Blend487 mg--
Mental Relax-5 Blend500 mg--
Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract0 NP--
L-Theanine0 NP--

Other ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, FD&C Blue 1, FD&C Red 3, FD&C Yellow 6, Titanium Dioxide

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

Synergistically they help to produce extreme and potent results in increased strength, size, lean muscle mass, and muscle hardness.

Z-TEST can also be used alone as a PCT (Post Cycle Therapy) after an intense on-cycle, specifically optimizing healthy testosterone levels during the night-time while also restoring your endocrine system back to its natural homeostasis. Anti-Aromatase/Estrogen Blocker: Z-TEST's formulation blocks estrogen, which helps to avoid the negative and adverse androgenic and estrogen-related side effects commonly associated with natural or artificial sources of testosterone supplementation. Boosts Natural Growth Factor: Z-TEST supports the release of more natural growth factor, which the body produces less of with age. Z-TEST used these growth factors to increase muscle hypertrophy, support lean body definition, and improve recovery. Restful Sleep: Z-TEST's formulation also includes ingredients used to promote a more relaxing, restful & restorative sleep to aid recovery.

Advantage: Switching on and off between both products provides a more constant and steady supply of the testosterone needed to achieve and sustain muscular gains over the course of 8 weeks. It also allows the body to maintain a more natural state of homeostasis, to help avoid adverse androgenic/estrogen-related side effects.

Advantage: Flood your system with an onslaught of testosterone to maximize full anabolic results in a short time frame. Following with Z-TEST to improve recovery, and to also restore your body's natural testosterone back to normal levels. This staggered, dual attack TEST approach provides the positive anabolic muscle gains without the estrogen-related side effects.

Advantage: Overload your system with a relentless and constant 24-hour barrage of muscle-yielding testosterone to build more muscle, spike performance, and maximize anabolic results. This aggressive approach creates an environment of anabolic mayhem that takes a hold of your system quickly, to produce extreme results in an accelerated amount of time.

24-HOUR ANABOLIC & HYPERTROPHIC MAYHEM

Z-TEST: NIGHT-TIME ANABOLIC CATALYST

Nocturnal Growth Blend Zzz

TESTOSTERONE INDUCER

Support to Block Estrogen Boost Natural Growth Factor Promote Restful Sleep

Formula

Bioavailability: Delivered via liquid technology N-TEST 600 includes Bioperine(R) for increasing the absorption of the mass-building and strength-increasing ingredients necessary to achieve anabolic results.

FOR SERIOUS ATHLETES ONLY

Brand IP Statement(s)

Z-TEST(R) Versatile Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst: Use Z-TEST in conjunction with any testosterone supplement to fully support and increase anabolic gains.

Suntheanine(R) is a registered trademarl of Taiyo International, Inc.

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Level 1: BEGINNER ANABOLIC SWITCH: Use N-TEST 600 for 2 weeks, then follow with Z-TEST for 2 weeks, Repeat this process for 8 full weeks.

Level 2: INTERMEDIATE ANABOLIC SHIFT: Use N-TEST 600 for 4 full weeks, then follow up with Z-TEST for 4 weeks.

Level 3: HARDCORE ANABOLIC MAYHEM: Use N-TEST 600 and Z-TEST together daily for 4 intense weeks.

SUGGESTED USE: Take 3 capsules before bedtime on an empty stomach.

For Advanced Results: Stack with N-TEST 600 or any testosterone supplement to produce a 24-hour testosterone boosting stack. As a PCT (Post-Cycle Therapy): Use alone for 4 weeks. To be used as part of a physical conditioning program.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Precautions

WARNING: KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN

Consult your physician before using this product. Do not take this product if you have a medical condition including, but not limited to, diabetes, heart disease, psychological disorder, prostate hypertrophy or hormonal abnormalities.

Consult with your physician if you are taking antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, or other prescription drugs. This product is not to be taken by pregnant or lactating women.

Not intended for use by persons under the age of 18.

Do not exceed recommended dose. Do not use if tamper resistant seal is broken.

Do not consume milk or dairy products 30 minutes before or after taking Z-TEST (blocks bioavailability).

For adult use only at bedtime.

This product is not to be taken by pregnant or lactating women.

This product is not intended for use by those with a serious medical condition. Consult your physician before use. Do not use in conjunction with alcoholic beverages, when driving a vehicle, or while operating machinery.

Storage

STORE IN A COOL, DRY PLACE, AND AVOID EXCESSIVE HEAT.

Seals/Symbols

78 PMD PLATINUM78

FDA Statement of Identity

DIETARY SUPPLEMENT

Formulation

Gluten Free

Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.

See for yourself

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst label

Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.

View the full label (PDF)
What’s inside

The Ingredients in Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum

These are the 16 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size3 Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container30 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Vitamin B6

Interacts with
210 drugs
5 mg per serving Form: Pyridoxine Hydrochloride

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that your body needs for metabolism, brain function, and making red blood cells. It is b...

Vitamin B6 monograph & interactions

Zinc

Interacts with
67 drugs
15 mg per serving Form: Zinc Amino Acid Chelate

Zinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but suppleme...

Zinc monograph & interactions

Magnesium

Interacts with
295 drugs
17 mg per serving Form: Magnesium Aspartate

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preven...

Magnesium monograph & interactions

Trib-X Blend

830 mg per serving

Nocturnal Growth Blend

487 mg per serving

Mental Relax-5 Blend

500 mg per serving

Other (inactive) ingredients: Gelatin, Magnesium Stearate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, FD&C Blue 1, FD&C Red 3, FD&C Yellow 6, Titanium Dioxide. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.

Interaction report

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

 Go to the checker
1,619Drugs
6 Major 1,594 Moderate 19 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Melatonin 1,461
Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract 960
Passion Flower extract 836
L-Theanine 565
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid 419

Individual Drug Interactions

The ingredients in Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst interact with 1,619 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.

15 of the 16 ingredients in Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Melatonin Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract Passion Flower extract L-Theanine Gamma Aminobutyric Acid 5-HTP Chrysin Magnesium Indole-3-Carbinol Diindolymethane Tribulus extract Phenibut Vitamin B6 Oat straw stem & leaf extract Zinc

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

Melatonin18 drug types · 1,461 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, melatonin may have anticoagulant effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
There are isolated case reports of minor bleeding and decreased prothrombin activity in people taking melatonin with warfarin (Coumadin). The mechanism, if any, of this interaction is unknown. Taking melatonin orally seems to decrease coagulation activity within one hour of dosing in healthy men.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Anticonvulsants

Theoretically, melatonin may reduce the effects of anticonvulsants. Some clinical research suggests that melatonin may increase the frequency of seizures in certain patients, particularly children with neurological impairment.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, taking melatonin with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Some clinical research shows that melatonin reduces levels of fasting blood glucose and improves glycemic control. However, other research suggests that melatonin might impair glucose utilization and increase insulin resistance, while other research has found no effect on glucose levels. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in combination with antidiabetes drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking melatonin with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension or hypertension.
Some clinical research suggests that taking melatonin decreases blood pressure in healthy adults. Also, melatonin seems to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure at nighttime or untreated essential hypertension. However, melatonin seems to worsen blood pressure in patients who are taking antihypertensive medications. Immediate-release melatonin 5 mg at night in combination with nifedipine GITS (Procardia XL) increases systolic blood pressure an average of 6.5 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure by an average of 4.9 mmHg, and heart rate by 3.9 bpm. Also, results from animal research suggest that melatonin reduces the effectiveness of certain antihypertensive drugs, including methoxamine and clonidine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence A
Caffeine

Theoretically, taking caffeine with melatonin might increase levels of melatonin.
Some evidence suggests that caffeine consumption can decrease endogenous melatonin levels, while other evidence suggests that caffeine increases endogenous melatonin levels. When administered in combination with melatonin supplements, caffeine seems to increase melatonin effects and levels. The reason for this discrepancy is not completely clear. Part of the discrepancy may result from the fact that caffeine can inhibit melatonin synthesis as well as inhibit melatonin metabolism. By functioning as an adenosine receptor antagonist, caffeine may indirectly inhibit the synthesis of melatonin. Conversely, because melatonin and caffeine are both metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme, concomitant use of melatonin and caffeine may reduce the metabolism of melatonin, resulting in higher serum levels.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, taking melatonin might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Melatonin has sedative effects. Theoretically, concomitant use of melatonin with alcohol, benzodiazepines, or other sedative drugs might cause additive sedation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, taking contraceptive drugs with melatonin might increase the effects and adverse effects of melatonin.
Contraceptive drugs can increase the levels of endogenous melatonin. Theoretically, these drugs may increase the effects and adverse effects of oral melatonin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, melatonin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2. Also, other CYP1A2 substrates might decrease the metabolism of melatonin, increasing melatonin levels.
Melatonin is metabolized in the liver primarily by the CYP2C19 and CYP1A2 enzymes. Theoretically, combined administration of melatonin with drugs metabolized by the CYP1A2 enzyme might reduce the metabolism of these drugs, resulting in increased serum levels. Conversely, some drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 may inhibit the metabolism of melatonin, resulting in increased serum levels of melatonin. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C19 (Cyp2C19) Substrates

Theoretically, melatonin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C19. Also, other CYP2C19 substrates might decrease the metabolism of melatonin, increasing melatonin levels.
Melatonin is metabolized in the liver primarily by the CYP2C19 and CYP1A2 enzymes. Theoretically, combined administration of melatonin with certain drugs metabolized by the CYP2C19 enzyme may reduce the metabolism of these drugs, resulting in increased serum levels. Conversely, some drugs metabolized by CYP2C19 may inhibit the metabolism of melatonin, resulting in increased serum levels of melatonin. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Fluvoxamine (Luvox)

Theoretically, taking fluvoxamine with melatonin might increase levels of melatonin.
Fluvoxamine can significantly increase melatonin levels. In some cases, fluvoxamine might increase bioavailability of exogenously administered melatonin by up to 20 times. Some researchers think this might be a beneficial interaction and be potentially useful for cases of refractory insomnia. However, this interaction might also cause unwanted excessive drowsiness and possibly other adverse effects. Fluvoxamine is known to increase endogenous melatonin secretion. It seems to increase serum levels of exogenously administered melatonin possibly by decreasing melatonin metabolism by inhibiting cytochrome P450 (CYP450) 1A2 and 2C19 or by inhibiting melatonin elimination. This effect has been found in healthy people taking fluvoxamine 50-75 mg and melatonin 5 mg.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Immunosuppressants

Theoretically, melatonin might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Melatonin can stimulate immune function. Theoretically, melatonin might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Methamphetamine (Desoxyn)

Theoretically, taking melatonin with methamphetamine may increase the adverse effects of methamphetamine.
Animal research suggests that melatonin exacerbates the adverse effects of methamphetamine, resulting in greater depression of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity, as well as a significant reduction in dopamine levels. This has not been shown in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Nifedipine Gits (Procardia Xl)

Theoretically, taking melatonin with extended release nifedipine reduces the effects of nifedipine.
Melatonin can decrease the effectiveness of extended release nifedipine (GITS). Immediate-release melatonin 5 mg at night in combination with nifedipine GITS 30-60 mg daily increases systolic and blood pressure by an average of 6.5 mmHg and 4.9 mmHg, respectively. Concomitant use with melatonin also increases heart rate by 3.9 bpm. The mechanism of this interaction is not known.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Seizure Threshold Lowering Drugs

Theoretically, taking melatonin with drugs that lower the seizure threshold might increase the risk of seizure activity.
Some clinical evidence suggests that melatonin may increase the frequency of seizures in certain patients, particularly children with neurological disabilities.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

Theoretically, melatonin may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding with warfarin.
Three cases of increased prothrombin time have been reported for patients aged 48-72 years who took melatonin orally in combination with warfarin. However, three cases of decreased prothrombin time have also been reported for patients aged 51-84 years who took melatonin orally in combination with warfarin. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in patients taking warfarin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, melatonin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Laboratory research suggests that certain lots of melatonin inhibit CYP2D6. Theoretically, combined administration of melatonin with certain drugs metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme may reduce the metabolism of these drugs, resulting in increased serum levels. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, melatonin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Laboratory research shows that certain lots of melatonin inhibit CYP3A4. Theoretically, combined administration of melatonin with certain drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 may reduce the metabolism of these drugs, resulting in increased serum levels. Until more is known, use melatonin cautiously in patients taking drugs metabolized by these enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Flumazenil (Romazicon)

Theoretically, taking flumazenil with melatonin might reduce the effects of melatonin.
Animal research shows that flumazenil may inhibit the effect of melatonin.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Melatonin full monograph & interactions

Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract9 drug types · 960 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, German chamomile might have additive effects when used with CNS depressants.
German chamomile has mild sedative effects. Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs with sedative properties can cause additive effects and side effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity. Theoretically, concomitant use of large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with contraceptive drugs through competition for estrogen receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP2C9 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP2C9. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP2D6 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP2D6. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP3A4 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro evidence shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP3A4. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might reduce the effectiveness of estrogens.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity. Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with hormone replacement therapy through competition for estrogen receptors.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

Theoretically, large amounts of German chamomile might interfere with the activity of tamoxifen.
In vitro, German chamomile has demonstrated antiestrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Warfarin (Coumadin)

German chamomile might increase the effects of warfarin and increase the risk of bleeding.
In one case, a 70-year-old female taking warfarin developed retroperitoneal hematoma and bilateral recti muscle bleeding along with an INR of 7.9 following ingestion of German chamomile tea 4-5 cups daily and use of a topical chamomile-based lotion applied 4-5 times daily.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, German chamomile might inhibit CYP1A2 and increase levels of drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
In vitro and animal research shows that German chamomile might inhibit CYP1A2. So far, this interaction has not been reported in humans. However, there might be an increase in the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 in patients taking German chamomile.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Chamomile (Maticaria chamomilla) flower extract full monograph & interactions

Passion Flower extract3 drug types · 836 drugs

Cns Depressants

Concomitant use of passion flower with sedative drugs might cause additive effects and side effects.
Research in animals and humans shows that passion flower has sedative effects which can be additive when used with sedative medications like lorazepam.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates

Theoretically, passion flower might decrease the effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
In vitro research suggests that passion flower can induce CYP3A4 enzymes, albeit to a much lower degree than rifampin, a known CYP3A4 inducer.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Substrates (Oatp)

Theoretically, passion flower might reduce the bioavailability of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 substrates.
In vitro research shows that the passion flower constituents apigenin and vitexin inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2. This inhibition may be dose-dependent. One specific high-flavonoid passion flower extract (Valverde) seems to inhibit OATP2B1 and OATP1A2, while another extract with a lower flavonoid concentration (Arkocaps) shows less potent inhibition. OATPs are responsible for the uptake of drugs and other compounds into the body; however, the specific activities of OATP2B1 and OATP1A2 are not well characterized.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Passion Flower extract full monograph & interactions

L-Theanine3 drug types · 565 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theanine might lower blood pressure, potentiating the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Animal research shows that theanine can lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive animals. Theoretically, concomitant use of theanine and antihypertensive drugs might potentiate the antihypertensive activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, theanine might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants. However, it is unclear if this concern is clinically relevant.
Theoretically, theanine may compete with glutamate and/or increase plasma gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, which could cause CNS depression. In one clinical study, some subjects taking oral theanine reported drowsiness.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Clinical studies regarding the effects of L-theanine on serotonin levels are conflicting. Some studies suggest it can increase serotonin levels in the brain while others report that it may decrease them. Nevertheless, there have been no reports of l-theanine being a causative agent in serotonergic-related side effects or serotonin syndrome.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence C
L-Theanine full monograph & interactions

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid2 drug types · 419 drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking GABA with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Some clinical research shows that GABA can decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants. However, it is unclear if this concern is clinically relevant.
Endogenous GABA has well-established relaxant effects and GABA(A) receptors have an established physiological role in sleep. However, the effects of GABA supplements are unclear, as it is unknown whether exogenous GABA crosses the blood-brain barrier. Although there have been limited reports of drowsiness or tiredness with GABA supplements, these effects have not been widely reported in clinical studies. Additionally, intravenous GABA 0.1-1 mg/kg has been shown to induce anxiety in a dose-dependent manner.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid full monograph & interactions

5-HTP3 drug types · 398 drugs

Carbidopa (Lodosyn)

Combining 5-HTP and carbidopa can increase the risk of serotonergic side effects.
Carbidopa is sometimes used with 5-HTP to minimize peripheral 5-HTP metabolism and boost the amount that reaches the brain. However, this combination might also increase the risk of some side effects including hypomania, restlessness, rapid speech, anxiety, insomnia, and aggressiveness. Combining carbidopa and 5-HTP might also increase the risk of scleroderma-like skin changes due to elevated serotonin levels.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cns Depressants

Theoretically, concomitant use of 5-HTP with medications that cause sedation might have additive effects.
In clinical trials, 5-HTP has been associated with drowsiness and somnolence.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Serotonergic Drugs

Combining serotonergic drugs with 5-HTP might cause additive serotonergic effects.
5-HTP can increase serotonin levels and cause serotonergic effects. Theoretically, combining serotonergic drugs with 5-HTP might increase the risk of serotonergic side effects, including serotonin syndrome and cerebral vasoconstrictive disorders. However, serotonin syndrome with 5-HTP has not yet been reported in humans. Monitor patients for signs of serotonin syndrome and other serotonergic side effects if using 5-HTP with serotonergic drugs.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
5-HTP full monograph & interactions

Chrysin9 drug types · 358 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
In vitro evidence suggests that chrysin might inhibit platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Aromatase Inhibitors

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of aromatase inhibitors.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might decrease estrogen synthesis by acting as an aromatase (estrogen synthetase) inhibitor..

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Contraceptive Drugs

Theoretically, chrysin might reduce the efficacy of estrogen-containing contraceptive drugs.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Diclofenac (Voltaren, Others)

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of diclofenac.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit diclofenac metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of diclofenac by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Theoretically, chrysin might decrease the effects of estrogen therapy.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Mephenytoin (Mesantoin)

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of mephenytoin.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates inhibit S-mephenytoin metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its conjugates reduce the metabolism of S-mephenytoin by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C19. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, chrysin might increase levels of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin inhibits CYP1A2 isozymes. However, chrysin does not appear to inhibit CYP1A2-dependent caffeine metabolism in animals. Due to chrysin's low bioavailability and rapid metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, this interaction is unlikely.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Glucuronidated Drugs

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, thereby reducing their effectiveness.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin might induce UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1).

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Testosterone

Theoretically, chrysin might increase the effects and adverse effects of testosterone.
In vitro research suggests that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit testosterone metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of testosterone by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4. This effect has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Chrysin full monograph & interactions

Magnesium15 drug types · 295 drugs

Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)

Magnesium can reduce the bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.
Clinical research in healthy volunteers shows that taking magnesium oxide 1000 mg with levodopa 100 mg/carbidopa 10 mg reduces the area under the curve (AUC) of levodopa by 35% and of carbidopa by 81%. In vitro and animal research shows that magnesium produces an alkaline environment in the digestive tract, which might lead to degradation and reduced bioavailability of levodopa/carbidopa.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Concomitant use of aminoglycoside antibiotics and magnesium can increase the risk for neuromuscular weakness.
Both aminoglycosides and magnesium reduce presynaptic acetylcholine release, which can lead to neuromuscular blockade and possible paralysis. This is most likely to occur with high doses of magnesium given intravenously.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antacids

Use of acid reducers may reduce the laxative effect of magnesium oxide.
A retrospective analysis shows that, in the presence of H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a higher dose of magnesium oxide is needed for a laxative effect. This may also occur with antacids. Under acidic conditions, magnesium oxide is converted to magnesium chloride and then to magnesium bicarbonate, which has an osmotic laxative effect. By reducing acidity, antacids may reduce the conversion of magnesium oxide to the active bicarbonate salt.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Magnesium might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after magnesium containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Bisphosphonates

Magnesium can decrease absorption of bisphosphonates.
Cations, including magnesium, can decrease bisphosphonate absorption. Advise patients to separate doses of magnesium and these drugs by at least 2 hours.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Calcium Channel Blockers

Magnesium can have additive effects with calcium channel blockers, although evidence is conflicting.
Magnesium inhibits calcium entry into smooth muscle cells and may therefore have additive effects with calcium channel blockers. Severe hypotension and neuromuscular blockades may occur when nifedipine is used with intravenous magnesium, although some contradictory evidence suggests that concurrent use of magnesium with nifedipine does not increase the risk of neuromuscular weakness. High doses of magnesium could theoretically have additive effects with other calcium channel blockers.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Digoxin

Magnesium salts may reduce absorption of digoxin.
Clinical evidence suggests that treatment with oral magnesium hydroxide or magnesium trisilicate reduces absorption of digoxin from the intestines. This may reduce the blood levels of digoxin and decrease its therapeutic effects.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

Potassium-sparing diuretics decrease excretion of magnesium, possibly increasing magnesium levels.
Potassium-sparing diuretics also have magnesium-sparing properties, which can counteract the magnesium losses associated with loop and thiazide diuretics. Theoretically, increased magnesium levels could result from concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics and magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Quinolone Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of quinolones.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with quinolones and decrease their absorption. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Parenteral magnesium alters the pharmacokinetics of skeletal muscle relaxants, increasing their effects and accelerating the onset of effect.
Parenteral magnesium shortens the time to onset of skeletal muscle relaxants by about 1 minute and prolongs the duration of action by about 2 minutes. Magnesium potentiates the effects of skeletal muscle relaxants by decreasing calcium-mediated release of acetylcholine from presynaptic nerve terminals, reducing postsynaptic sensitivity to acetylcholine, and having a direct effect on the membrane potential of myocytes. Magnesium also has vasodilatory actions and increases cardiac output, allowing a greater amount of muscle relaxant to reach the motor end plate. A clinical study found that low-dose rocuronium (0.45 mg/kg), when given after administration of magnesium 30 mg/kg over 10 minutes, has an accelerated onset of effect, which matches the onset of effect seen with a full-dose rocuronium regimen (0.6 mg/kg). In another clinical study, onset times for rocuronium doses of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg/kg were 86, 76, and 50 seconds, respectively, when given alone, but were reduced to 66, 44, and 38 seconds, respectively, when the doses were given after a 15-minute infusion of magnesium sulfate 60 mg/kg. Giving intraoperative intravenous magnesium sulfate, 50 mg/kg loading dose followed by 15 mg/kg/hour, reduces the onset time of rocuronium, enhances its clinical effects, reduces the dose of intraoperative opiates, and prolongs the spontaneous recovery time. It does not affect the activity of subsequently administered neostigmine.

Likelihood Probable Evidence A
Sulfonylureas

Magnesium increases the systemic absorption of sulfonylureas, increasing their effects and side effects.
Clinical research shows that administration of magnesium hydroxide with glyburide increases glyburide absorption, increases maximal insulin response by 35-fold, and increases the risk of hypoglycemia, when compared with glyburide alone. A similar interaction occurs between magnesium hydroxide and glipizide. The mechanism of this effect appears to be related to the elevation of gastrointestinal pH by magnesium-based antacids, increasing solubility and enhancing absorption of sulfonylureas.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Magnesium decreases absorption of tetracyclines.
Magnesium can form insoluble complexes with tetracyclines in the gut and decrease their absorption and antibacterial activity. Advise patients to take these drugs 1 hour before or 2 hours after magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, magnesium may have antiplatelet effects, but the evidence is conflicting.
In vitro evidence shows that magnesium sulfate inhibits platelet aggregation, even at low concentrations. Some preliminary clinical evidence shows that infusion of magnesium sulfate increases bleeding time by 48% and reduces platelet activity. However, other clinical research shows that magnesium does not affect platelet aggregation, although inhibition of platelet-dependent thrombosis can occur.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Gabapentin (Neurontin)

Gabapentin absorption can be decreased by magnesium.
Clinical research shows that giving magnesium oxide orally along with gabapentin decreases the maximum plasma concentration of gabapentin by 33%, time to maximum concentration by 36%, and area under the curve by 43%. Advise patients to take gabapentin at least 2 hours before, or 4 to 6 hours after, magnesium supplements.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence B
Sevelamer (Renagel, Renvela)

Sevelamer may increase serum magnesium levels.
In patients on hemodialysis, sevelamer use was associated with a 0.28 mg/dL increase in serum magnesium. The mechanism of this interaction remains unclear.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Magnesium full monograph & interactions

Indole-3-Carbinol3 drug types · 294 drugs

Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs

Theoretically, indole-3-carbinol might increase the risk of bleeding when used with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
In vitro research shows that indole-3-carbinol inhibits platelet aggregation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, indole-3-carbinol might increase the metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and lower serum concentrations.
Animal research shows that indole-3-carbinol induces CYP1A2 enzymes.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Estrogens

Indole-3-carbinol might interfere with the effects of estrogen therapy.
Preliminary clinical and in vitro evidence shows that indole-3-carbinol has antiestrogenic activity.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Indole-3-Carbinol full monograph & interactions

Diindolymethane3 drug types · 269 drugs

Diuretic Drugs

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase the risk of hyponatremia if used with sodium-depleting diuretics.
Large doses of diindolylmethane (600 mg daily) have been associated with two cases of asymptomatic hyponatremia in clinical research.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Estrogens

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might increase or decrease the effects of estrogens.
Diindolylmethane might have mild estrogenic or antiestrogenic effects. Theoretically, large amounts of diindolylmethane might interfere with hormone replacement therapy.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates

Theoretically, diindolylmethane might lower serum levels of CYP1A2 substrates.
In vitro evidence suggests that diindolylmethane can induce CYP1A2. Theoretically, it might increase metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and lower serum concentrations. This interaction has not been reported in humans.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Diindolymethane full monograph & interactions

Tribulus extract3 drug types · 259 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Taking tribulus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research shows that Tribulus can lower blood glucose levels in adults with type 2 diabetes who are taking antidiabetes medications.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, taking tribulus with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Animal research shows that tribulus can lower blood pressure by inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Tribulus has also demonstrated hypotensive effects in pre-hypertensive adults.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Lithium

Theoretically, tribulus might increase the levels and clinical effects of lithium.
Tribulus is thought to have diuretic properties. Due to these potential diuretic effects, tribulus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Tribulus extract full monograph & interactions

Phenibut2 drug types · 248 drugs

Cns Depressants

Theoretically, phenibut might increase the risk of sedation and respiratory depression when taken with CNS depressants.
Phenibut has been associated with sedation and respiratory depression in several case reports, especially when taken at high doses.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Pregabalin (Lyrica)

Theoretically, phenibut might increase the risk for additive adverse effects, including sedation, when taken with pregabalin.
Phenibut is structurally related to pregabalin, and both chemicals act at GABA receptors in the brain. In a case report, a patient who had experienced tolerance to the effects of pregabalin for treatment of chronic neuropathic pain experienced a reduction in tolerance when phenibut was taken concurrently.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenibut full monograph & interactions

Vitamin B65 drug types · 210 drugs

Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Theoretically, vitamin B6 might increase the photosensitivity caused by amiodarone.
Despite initial case reports suggesting that pyridoxine may have a protective effect against amiodarone-induced photosensitivity, preliminary clinical research suggests that pyridoxine may actually exacerbate this adverse effect.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Antihypertensive Drugs

Theoretically, vitamin B6 may have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs.
Research in hypertensive rats shows that vitamin B6 can decrease systolic blood pressure. Similarly, clinical research in patients with hypertension shows that taking high doses of vitamin B6 may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure, possibly by reducing plasma levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Phenobarbital (Luminal)

High doses of vitamin B6 may reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenobarbital.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that vitamin B6 200 mg daily can reduce plasma levels of phenobarbital, possibly by increasing metabolism. It is not known whether lower doses have any effect. Advise people taking phenobarbital to avoid high doses of vitamin B6.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Phenytoin (Dilantin)

High doses of vitamin B6 may reduce the levels and clinical effects of phenytoin.
Preliminary clinical evidence suggests that vitamin B6 200 mg daily can reduce plasma levels of phenytoin, possibly by increasing metabolism. It is not known whether lower doses have any effect. Advise people taking phenytoin to avoid high doses of vitamin B6.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Levodopa

Vitamin B6 may increase the metabolism of levodopa when taken alone, but not when taken in conjunction with carbidopa.
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) enhances the metabolism of levodopa, reducing its clinical effects. However, this interaction does not occur when carbidopa is used concurrently with levodopa (Sinemet). Therefore, it is not likely to be a problem in most people.

Likelihood Unlikely Evidence D
Vitamin B6 full monograph & interactions

Oat straw stem & leaf extract2 drug types · 86 drugs

Antidiabetes Drugs

Theoretically, oats may have additive effects with antidiabetic agents and might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Consuming oats can decrease blood glucose in patients with diabetes. In those who require insulin, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Insulin

Concomitant use of oats and insulin might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
In patients with insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes, taking oats 100 grams daily for 2 days reduces the insulin dose required to achieve metabolic control.

Likelihood Possible Evidence B
Oat straw stem & leaf extract full monograph & interactions

Zinc10 drug types · 67 drugs

Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (Biktarvy)

Theoretically, zinc might decrease levels of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide by reducing its absorption.
Advise patients that bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after zinc containing products.

Likelihood Probable Evidence D
Cephalexin (Keflex)

Zinc might decrease cephalexin levels by chelating with cephalexin in the gut and preventing its absorption.
A pharmacokinetic study shows that zinc sulfate 250 mg taken concomitantly with cephalexin 500 mg decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 31% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 27%. Also, taking zinc sulfate 3 hours before cephalexin decreases peak levels of cephalexin by 11% and reduces the exposure to cephalexin by 18%. By decreasing cephalexin levels, zinc might increase the risk of treatment failure. This effect does not occur when zinc is taken 3 hours after the cephalexin dose. To avoid an interaction, advise patients take zinc sulfate 3 hours after taking cephalexin.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Cisplatin (Platinol-Aq)

Theoretically, zinc might interfere with the therapeutic effects of cisplatin.
Animal research suggests that zinc stimulates tumor cell production of the protein metallothionein, which binds and inactivates cisplatin. It is not known whether zinc supplements or high dietary zinc intake can cause clinically significant interference with cisplatin therapy. Cisplatin might also increase zinc excretion.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Integrase Inhibitors

Theoretically, taking zinc along with integrase inhibitors might decrease the levels and clinical effects of these drugs.
Zinc is a divalent cation. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that other divalent cations such as calcium and iron can decrease blood levels of the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir through chelation.

Likelihood Possible Evidence D
Penicillamine (Cuprimine, Depen)

Zinc might reduce the levels and clinical effects of penicillamine.
By forming an insoluble complex with penicillamine, zinc interferes with penicillamine absorption and activity. Zinc supplements reduce the efficacy of low-dose penicillamine (0.5-1 gram/day), but do not seem to affect higher doses (1-2.75 gram/day), provided dosing times are separated. Advise patients to take zinc and penicillamine at least 2 hours apart.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Quinolone Antibiotics

Zinc can decrease the levels and clinical effects of quinolones antibiotics.
Quinolones form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing absorption of both the quinolone and zinc if taken at the same time. Advise patients to take these drugs at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Ritonavir (Norvir)

Zinc modestly reduces levels of ritonavir.
Clinical research shows that zinc might reduce serum ritonavir levels by chelating with ritonavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. In patients with HIV, ritonavir is taken with atazanavir to prevent the metabolism and increase the effects of atazanavir. A pharmacokinetic study shows that, in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg as a single dose or as multiple daily doses for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of ritonavir by about 16%. However, atazanavir levels still remains high enough to prevent HIV virus replication. Therefore, the decrease in ritonavir levels is not likely to be clinically significant.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Tetracycline Antibiotics

Zinc might reduce levels of tetracycline antibiotics.
Tetracyclines form complexes with zinc in the gastrointestinal tract, which can reduce absorption of both the tetracycline and zinc when taken at the same time. Taking zinc sulfate 200 mg with tetracycline reduces absorption of the antibiotic by 30% to 40%. Demeclocycline and minocycline cause a similar interaction. However, doxycycline does not seem to interact significantly with zinc. Advise patients to take tetracyclines at least 2 hours before, or 4-6 hours after, zinc supplements to avoid any interactions.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Amiloride (Midamor)

Amiloride can modestly reduce zinc excretion and increase zinc levels.
Clinical research shows that amiloride can reduce urinary zinc excretion, especially at doses of 10 mg per day or more. This zinc-sparing effect can help to counteract zinc losses caused by thiazide diuretics, but it is unlikely to cause zinc toxicity at usual amiloride doses. The other potassium-sparing diuretics, spironolactone (Aldactone) and triamterene (Dyrenium), do not seem to have a zinc-sparing effect.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Atazanavir (Reyataz)

Zinc modestly reduces levels of atazanavir, although this effect does not seem to be clinically significant.
Clinical research shows that zinc might decrease serum atazanavir levels by chelating with atazanavir in the gut and preventing its absorption. Although a single dose of zinc sulfate (Solvazinc tablets) 125 mg orally does not affect atazanavir concentrations in patients being treated with atazanavir/ritonavir, co-administration of zinc sulfate 125 mg daily for 2 weeks reduces plasma levels of atazanavir by about 22% in these patients. However, despite this decrease, atazanavir levels still remain at high enough concentrations for the prevention of HIV virus replication.

Likelihood Probable Evidence B
Zinc full monograph & interactions
The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst, from the product label.

PMD Platinum

See all PMD Platinum products
Name
NDS Nutrition Products, Inc. A Division of Bond Laboratories, Inc.
Street Address
4509 S. 143rd St., Ste. 1
City
Omaha
State
NE
ZipCode
68137
Web Address
www.pmdsports.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum: Common Questions

Does Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst by PMD Platinum interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst has a known interaction with 1,619 medications, including 6 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst contains 16 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Can I take this if I'm on blood pressure medication?
Not without checking with your pharmacist first. Several ingredients — magnesium, vitamin B6, melatonin, GABA, L-theanine, and tribulus — can lower blood pressure. Combined with your medication, they may cause your blood pressure to drop too far. Your pharmacist can review your specific drug.
Is this safe to take during pregnancy?
Pregnancy safety data are not established for most of the ingredients here. Vitamin B6 and magnesium are likely safe at recommended amounts, but chrysin, diindolylmethane, indole-3-carbinol, 5-HTP, melatonin, passionflower, tribulus, and L-theanine all lack sufficient safety information. Phenibut should be avoided. Talk with your doctor before using this product while pregnant.
What is phenibut, and why is it in a sleep supplement?
Phenibut is a GABA-like compound that causes sedation, but it's not approved as a supplement or drug in the U.S. for good reason — it carries a very high risk of dependence and dangerous withdrawal symptoms (including seizures and hallucinations) even after just a few days of use. This ingredient is a major safety concern.
Can this help with muscle building or athletic performance?
The evidence in our data doesn't establish that this product works for those purposes. While some ingredients like tribulus are marketed for athletic performance, the evidence we hold rates tribulus as possibly ineffective for that use. For muscle building and strength, the evidence is insufficient.
Does this interact with antibiotics?
Yes. Zinc in this product can reduce the absorption of quinolone and tetracycline antibiotics by 30–40%, and may also affect cephalexin. If you're taking an antibiotic, take it at least 2 hours before or 4–6 hours after this supplement to minimize the interaction.
Can I take this with my diabetes medication?
Check with your pharmacist first. Melatonin, tribulus, and oat straw extract can all lower blood sugar. If combined with your diabetes medication, they may increase the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Your dose may need adjusting.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst label
Go deeper

The Full Monographs Behind Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst’s Ingredients

Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.

Herb & supplement monograph

Vitamin B6

Interacts with 210 drugs

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that your body needs for metabolism, brain function, and making red blood cells. It is best known for helping with pregnancy-rel...

Read the full Vitamin B6 monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Zinc

Interacts with 67 drugs

Zinc is an essential mineral that your body needs for immune function, wound healing, taste, and smell. Most people get enough from food, but supplements can help correct or prevent a defici...

Read the full Zinc monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Magnesium

Interacts with 295 drugs

Magnesium is an essential mineral your body needs for muscles, nerves, blood pressure, and many other functions, and supplements are useful for preventing or correcting deficiency. Some othe...

Read the full Magnesium monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Chrysin

Interacts with 358 drugs

Chrysin is a plant flavonoid sold mainly as a bodybuilding supplement claimed to raise testosterone or block estrogen, but human studies have not shown these benefits, largely because the bo...

Read the full Chrysin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Diindolylmethane

Interacts with 269 drugs

Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound made when your body digests cruciferous vegetables, and it is sold as a supplement mainly for hormone balance and cancer prevention. Although early lab s...

Read the full Diindolylmethane monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Indole-3-carbinol

Interacts with 294 drugs

Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a compound formed when you eat cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cabbage, and it is sold as a supplement mainly for hormone-related and cell-protective effe...

Read the full Indole-3-carbinol monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Tribulus

Interacts with 259 drugs

Tribulus is a plant supplement most often marketed to boost libido, testosterone, and athletic performance, but the human evidence behind these claims is weak and inconsistent. It is general...

Read the full Tribulus monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Oats

Interacts with 86 drugs

Oats are a well-studied whole grain whose soluble fiber (beta-glucan) can help lower cholesterol and support heart health when eaten regularly. As a food, oats are safe for most people, and...

Read the full Oats monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Melatonin

Interacts with 1,461 drugs

Melatonin is a hormone your body makes naturally to help control your sleep-wake cycle, and the supplement form is widely used to help with sleep timing problems and jet lag. The evidence is...

Read the full Melatonin monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba)

Interacts with 419 drugs

GABA is a calming chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) that your body makes on its own, and it is sold as a supplement for stress, anxiety, and sleep. The science behind oral GABA supplemen...

Read the full Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (gaba) monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

5-htp

Interacts with 398 drugs

5-HTP is a compound your body uses to make serotonin, and people take it as a supplement hoping to improve mood, sleep, and headaches. Some early research is promising, but the overall evide...

Read the full 5-htp monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Phenibut

Interacts with 248 drugs

Phenibut is a synthetic, lab-made central nervous system depressant—not a natural herb—that some people use for anxiety and sleep, but it carries a serious risk of tolerance, dependence, and...

Read the full Phenibut monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Passion Flower

Interacts with 836 drugs

Passion flower is a traditional calming herb that many people use for anxiety and sleep. Early studies hint it may help with mild anxiety and restlessness, but the evidence is limited and mo...

Read the full Passion Flower monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

German Chamomile

Interacts with 960 drugs

German chamomile is a widely used herbal remedy taken mainly as a tea for calming, sleep, and digestive complaints. Early research suggests possible benefits for mild anxiety and some skin o...

Read the full German Chamomile monograph → Herb & supplement monograph

Theanine

Interacts with 565 drugs

Theanine (usually L-theanine) is an amino acid found naturally in tea leaves that many people take to feel calmer and less stressed without strong drowsiness. Early research suggests it may...

Read the full Theanine monograph →
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Z Test: Night-Time Anabolic Catalyst's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 496 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Vitamin B6 32 references
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  7. Bendich A, Cohen M. Vitamin B6 safety issues. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1990;585:321-30.
  8. Schaumburg H, Kaplan J, Windebank A. Sensory neuropathy from pyridoxine abuse. A new megavitamin syndrome. N Engl J Med 1983;309:445-8. PubMed
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  10. Lewis PJ. Pain in the hand and wrist. Pyridoxine supplements may help patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. BMJ 1995;310:1534. PubMed
  11. Kaufman G. Pyridoxine against amiodarone-induced photosensitivity (letter). Lancet 1984;1:51-2. PubMed
  12. Mulrow JP, Mulrow CD, McKenna WJ. Pyridoxine and amiodarone-induced photosensitivity. Ann Intern Med 1985;103:68-9. PubMed
  13. Kawada A, Kashima A, Shiraishi H, et al. Pyridoxine-induced photosensitivity and hypophosphatasia. Dermatology 2000;201:356-60.. PubMed
  14. Vasile A, Goldberg R, Kornberg B. Pyridoxine toxicity: report of a case. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1984;83:790-1. DOI
  15. Hansson O, Sillanpaa M. Pyridoxine and serum concentration of phenytoin and phenobarbitone. Lancet 1976;1:256. DOI
  16. Jansen T, Romiti R, Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. Rosacea fulminans triggered by high-dose vitamins B6 and B12. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2001;15:484-5..
  17. Chittumma P, Kaewkiattikun K, Wiriyasiriwach B. Comparison of the effectiveness of ginger and vitamin B6 for treatment of nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90:15-20.
  18. Hatzitolios, A., Iliadis, F., Katsiki, N., and Baltatzi, M. Is the anti-hypertensive effect of dietary supplements via aldehydes reduction evidence based? A systematic review. Clin Exp.Hypertens. 2008;30(7):628-639. PubMed
  19. Vasdev, S., Ford, C. A., Parai, S., Longerich, L., and Gadag, V. Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation attenuates hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mol.Cell Biochem. 1999;200(1-2):155-162.
  20. de, Vogel S., Dindore, V., van, Engeland M., Goldbohm, R. A., van den Brandt, P. A., and Weijenberg, M. P. Dietary folate, methionine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 and risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. J Nutr 2008;138(12):2372-2378. PubMed
  21. Hagen, I., Nesheim, B. I., and Tuntland, T. No effect of vitamin B-6 against premenstrual tension. A controlled clinical study. Acta Obstet.Gynecol.Scand. 1985;64(8):667-670. PubMed
  22. Aybak, M., Sermet, A., Ayyildiz, M. O., and Karakilcik, A. Z. Effect of oral pyridoxine hydrochloride supplementation on arterial blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Arzneimittelforschung. 1995;45(12):1271-1273.
  23. Lal, K. J., Dakshinamurti, K., and Thliveris, J. The effect of vitamin B6 on the systolic blood pressure of rats in various animal models of hypertension. J Hypertens. 1996;14(3):355-363. PubMed
  24. Lauritzen CH, Reuter HD, Repges R, Bohnert K, and Schmidt U. Treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome with Vitex agnus castus. Controlled, double-blind study versus pyridoxine. Phytomed 1997;4(3):183-189. PubMed
  25. Fonseca VA, Lavery LA, Thethi TK, et al. Metanx in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy: A randomized trial. Am J Med 2013;126(2):141-9. PubMed
  26. Hankey GJ, Eikelboom JW, Yi Q, et al. Treatment with B vitamins and incidence of cancer in patients with previous stroke or transient ischemic attack: Results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Stroke 2012;43(6):1572-7. PubMed
  27. Hoyer-Kuhn H, Kohbrok S, Volland R, Franklin J, Hero B, Beck BB, Hoppe B. Vitamin B6 in primary hyperoxaluria I: first prospective trial after 40 years of practice. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Mar;9(3):468-77. PubMed
  28. Mahmoud A, Tabassum S, Al Enazi S, et al. Amelioration of levetiracetam-induced behavioral side effects by pyridoxine. A randomized double blind controlled study. Pediatr Neurol 2021;119:15-21. PubMed
  29. Gupta M, Gallante B, Bamberger JN, et al. Prospective randomized evaluation of idiopathic hyperoxaluria treatments. J Endourol 2021;35(12):1844-1851. PubMed
  30. Li H, Chen M, Liang S, et al. Excessive vitamin B6 during treatment is related to poor prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A U-shaped distribution suggests low dose supplement. Clin Nutr 2021;40(4):2293-2300. PubMed
  31. Tanigawa J, Nabatame S, Tominaga K, et al. High-dose pyridoxine treatment for inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency. Brain Dev 2021;43(6):680-687. PubMed
  32. Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 189: Nausea And Vomiting Of Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2018;131(1):e15-e30. PubMed

See these in context on the Vitamin B6 monograph →

Zinc 88 references
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  2. Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW. Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double-blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1984;25:20-4. DOI
  3. Smith DS, Helzner EC, Nuttall CE Jr, et al. Failure of zinc gluconate in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989;33:646-8. PubMed
  4. Blondeau JM. Expanded activity and utility of the new fluoroquinolones: a review. Clin Ther 1999;21:3-40. PubMed
  5. Reyes AJ, Olhaberry JV, Leary WP, et al. Urinary zinc excretion, diuretics, zinc deficiency and some side-effects of diuretics. S Afr Med J 1983;64:936-41.
  6. Kugelmas M. Preliminary observation: oral zinc sulfate replacement is effective in treating muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients. J Am Coll Nutr 2000;19:13-5. PubMed
  7. Hebel SK, ed. Drug Facts and Comparisons. 52nd ed. St. Louis: Facts and Comparisons, 1998.
  8. Chan S, Gerson B, Subramaniam S. The role of copper, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc in nutrition and health. Clin Lab Med 1998;18:673-85. DOI
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  10. Fosmire GJ. Zinc toxicity. Am J Clin Nutr 1990;51:225-7.
  11. Lomaestro BM, Bailie GR. Absorption interactions with fluoroquinolones. 1995 update. Drug Saf 1995;12:314-33. PubMed
  12. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions Analysis and Management. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics Inc., 1997 and updates.
  13. Seelig MS. Auto-immune complications of D-penicillamine - A possible result of zinc and magnesium depletion and of pyridoxine inactivation. J Am Coll Nutr 1982;1:207-14. PubMed
  14. Neuvonen PJ. Interactions with the absorption of tetracyclines. Drugs 1976;11:45-54.. PubMed
  15. Hirt M, Nobel S, Barron E. Zinc nasal gel for the treatment of common cold symptoms: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ear Nose Throat J 2000;79:778-82.. DOI
  16. Simkin PA. Oral zinc sulphate in rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 1976;2:539-42. PubMed
  17. Wray D. A double-blind trial of systemic zinc sulfate in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1982;53:469-72. PubMed
  18. Douglas RM, Miles HB, Moore BW, et al. Failure of effervescent zinc acetate lozenges to alter the course of upper respiratory tract infections in Australian adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987;31:1263-5. PubMed
  19. Lagiou P, Wuu J, Trichopoulou A, et al. Diet and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study in Greece. Urology 1999;54:284-90. PubMed
  20. Ewing CI, Gibbs AC, Ashcroft C, David TJ. Failure of oral zinc supplementation in atopic eczema. Eur J Clin Nutr 1991;45:507-10.
  21. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.
  22. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of high-dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss. AREDS report no. 8. Arch Oph
  23. Greenberg JE, Lynn M, Kirsner RS, et al. Mucocutaneous pigmented macule as a result of zinc deposition. J Cutan Pathol 2002;29:613-5. PubMed
  24. Godfrey HR, Godfrey NJ, Godfrey JC, Riley D. A randomized clinical trial on the treatment of oral herpes with topical zinc oxide/glycine. Altern Ther Health Med 2001;7:49-56.
  25. Turner RB. Ineffectiveness of intranasal zinc gluconate for prevention of experimental rhinovirus colds. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:1865-70. PubMed
  26. Belongia EA, Berg R, Liu K. A randomized trial of zinc nasal spray for the treatment of upper respiratory illness in adults. Am J Med 2001;111:103-8. PubMed
  27. Mossad SB. Effect of zincum gluconicum nasal gel on the duration and symptom severity of the common cold in otherwise healthy adults. QJM 2003;96:35-43. DOI
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  29. Jafek BW, Linschoten M, Murrow BW. Zicam Induced Anosmia. American Rhinologic Society 49th Annual Fall Scientific Meeting abstract. Orlando, Florida. September 20, 2003. http://app.american-rhinologic.org/programs/2003ARSFallProgram071503.pdf (Accessed 24
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  49. Dooren JC. FDA warns against use of Zicam. The Wall Street Journal, June 16, 2009. Available at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124516778692319231.html#mod=djemHL?mg=com-wsj (Accessed 16 June 2009).
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  51. Health Canada / GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare. Association of long-term, excessive use of zinc-containing Poli-Grip products with myeloneuropathy and blood dyscrasias. February 18, 2010. Available at: http://hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/pdf/medef
  52. GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Advisory. GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) warns about a potential health risk associated with long-term, excessive use of GSK's zinc-containing denture adhesives Super Polygrip Original, Ultra Fresh and Extra Care. February 18, 2010. Availa
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  69. Dadamio J, Van Tournout M, Teughels W, Dekeyser C, Coucke W, Quirynen M. Efficacy of different mouthrinse formulations in reducing oral malodour: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2013 May;40(5):505-13. PubMed
  70. Moyle G, Else L, Jackson A, Back D, Yapa MH, Seymour N, Ringner-Nackter L, Karolia Z, Gazzard B, Boffito M. Coadministration of atazanavir-ritonavir and zinc sulfate: impact on hyperbilirubinemia and pharmacokinetics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Aug PubMed
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  75. Fallah R, Sabbaghzadegan S, Karbasi SA, Binesh F. Efficacy of zinc sulfate supplement on febrile seizure recurrence prevention in children with normal serum zinc level: A randomised clinical trial. Nutrition. 2015;31(11-12):1358-61. PubMed
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See these in context on the Zinc monograph →

Chrysin 23 references
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  8. Walle T, Otake Y, Brubaker JA, et al. Disposition and metabolism of the flavonoid chrysin in normal volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001;51:143-6. DOI
  9. Galijatovic A, Otake Y, Walle UK, Walle T. Induction of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 by the flavonoid chrysin in Caco-2 cells--potential role in carcinogen bioinactivation. Pharm Res 2001;18:374-9. PubMed
  10. Lautraite S, Musonda AC, Doehmer J, et al. Flavonoids inhibit genetic toxicity produced by carcinogens in cells expressing CYP1A2 and CYP1A1. Mutagenesis 2002;17:45-53. PubMed
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Passion Flower 19 references
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Tribulus 10 references
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Oats 13 references
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German Chamomile 15 references
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Theanine 6 references
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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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