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Dietary supplement

Nano-Red Ingredients & Drug Interactions

by Get Healthy Again

Liquid Category: Other Combinations
Most serious interaction: Major
The interaction bottom line Most serious interaction: Major

Nano-Red is a dietary supplement by Get Healthy Again with 5 active ingredients.Based on those ingredients, 1,466 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated major. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.

HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again

Our pharmacy team’s full take, with four database checks built into the cards below — a summary of what is known, not a grade of the product itself.

From our pharmacy team — supplement deep dive

What’s inside

Low disclosure
Ingredient Transparency · database check
Low

Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.

Why this rating?
  • The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 18 active ingredients.
  • “Organic Essential Oils” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.
  • “Proprietary Herbal Blend (Combination)” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (0.85 mL) without saying how much of each component you get.
  • “Super Critical Extracts:” is listed as a grouped ingredient — the label doesn't break down how much of each component you get.

Nano-Red contains 18 active and inactive ingredients. The main actives are dandelion root extract, ginger essential oil, grapefruit essential oil, celery seed essential oil, lemon essential oil, fulvic acid extract, humic acid extract, black walnut extract, bloodroot extract, red root extract, and a proprietary herbal blend with super critical extracts.

The product also includes grain alcohol and brandy as liquid carriers, flower essences (larch, pine, oak), homeopathic preparations, and preservatives. There are no inactive fillers listed.

Does it work?

Not established
Evidence for Intended Use · database check
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
Not established

The graded evidence we hold for these ingredients covers different conditions than the ones this product is marketed for, so there's no established rating for its stated use.

Why this rating?
  • The label markets this product for: normalization of blood and cell chemistry.
  • We looked for evidence on: Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypertension, Diabetes, Impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes) — and 4 related terms.
  • The closest evidence on file: Lemon is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Hypertension (Natural Medicines).
  • Also on file: Lemon is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Myocardial infarction (MI).
  • Also on file: Black Walnut is rated "Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate" for Coronary heart disease (CHD).

The evidence we hold shows insufficient reliable data to rate dandelion root for joint pain, tonsillitis, postoperative swelling, or postoperative pain. For ginger essential oil, the data suggests possibly effective use for pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting and dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain), and possibly effective for osteoarthritis, but possibly ineffective for exercise-induced muscle soreness and chemotherapy-related nausea.

Lemon has insufficient evidence for allergic rhinitis, anxiety, respiratory infections, high blood pressure, or kidney stones. Grapefruit essential oil lacks established evidence for acne, asthma, atherosclerosis, headache, upper respiratory infection, or depression.

Celery seed shows insufficient evidence for sexual dysfunction, anxiety, headache, depression, diabetes, or indigestion. Bloodroot may be possibly effective for dental plaque and gingivitis but has insufficient evidence for periodontitis.

Calcarea Fluorica (fluoride) is effective for dental cavities and possibly effective for osteoporosis, dental plaque, and gingivitis. Black walnut, fulvic acid, humic acid, red root, and prickly ash lack effectiveness ratings in our data.

How safe is it?

Well-documented data
Safety Information · database check
Well characterized

Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.

Why this rating?
  • We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 9 of the 12 matched ingredients.
  • Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 11 of 12.
  • General safety write-ups exist for 12 of 12.
  • Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.

Dandelion root is generally well tolerated as food, but supplement-strength doses are less studied; common side effects include diarrhea, heartburn, and stomach upset. Rare serious effects include anaphylaxis in sensitive people.

Lemon as food is safe in normal amounts, but concentrated supplements or essential oils are not well studied; fresh lemon juice can cause heartburn and stomach upset in some users. Ginger essential oil is generally well tolerated; common side effects are abdominal discomfort, burping, diarrhea, heartburn, and a pepper-like irritation in the mouth and throat.

Grapefruit is generally well tolerated when eaten as food, though allergic reactions are rare. Celery may cause photosensitivity, oral allergy syndrome, or in rare cases anaphylaxis; avoid medicinal amounts in pregnancy.

Black walnut has limited human safety data; the leaf, bark, and hull contain tannins that may cause gastrointestinal upset and skin irritation. Bloodroot is potentially toxic and corrosive and should not be used for self-treatment; long-term use of bloodroot products in the mouth has caused leukoplakia, mouth sores, and impaired taste.

Fulvic acid appears well tolerated short-term but has limited high-quality human data; common side effects are diarrhea, headache, and sore throat. Fluoride is well tolerated at recommended doses; excess exposure can cause fluorosis.

We hold no safety data for humic acid, red root, prickly ash, poke root, or the flower essences and homeopathics in this product.

Meds to double-check

Major interaction found
Known Interaction Concern · database check
Major identified

At least one ingredient has a documented Major-severity interaction. Check your medications for a personalized result.

Why this rating?
  • 7 of the 12 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Northern Prickly Ash, Lemon, Dandelion, Celery, Grapefruit, among others.
  • The most serious interaction on file is rated Major.
  • Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
  • For scale: 1,467 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.

Check with your pharmacist before taking Nano-Red if you use cyclosporine, scopolamine, amiodarone, terfenadine, buspirone, dextromethorphan, celiprolol, or etoposide (Major interactions with grapefruit essential oil). Also check if you take any blood thinners (anticoagulants or antiplatelets), diabetes medications, potassium-sparing diuretics, lithium, warfarin, losartan, nifedipine, phenprocoumon, levothyroxine, venlafaxine, or any immunosuppressants or thyroid hormone therapy (Moderate interactions with multiple ingredients).

Minor interactions are documented with photosensitizing drugs and acetaminophen. Because this product has many ingredients we could not fully check, and several we hold no safety data for, it's wise to run your complete medication list through the checker before you start.

Check your own medication Run your meds through the checker above

The bottom line

Scorecard at a glanceFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no established evidence rating for its marketed use. Major medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.

Nano-Red is a complex herbal liquid with significant drug interaction potential, especially with grapefruit and dandelion. If you take any regular medications—particularly blood thinners, diabetes drugs, heart or blood pressure medications, immunosuppressants, or thyroid therapy—check each of your prescriptions with the tool on this page before starting.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding data are limited or unsafe for several ingredients here; talk with your pharmacist or doctor first. For most of the uses listed, evidence is either absent or preliminary, so discuss your goals with a healthcare provider.

Educational only — not medical advice; always confirm with your pharmacist. Our editorial policy · How we use AI

Assessment coverage: 12 of 18 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Dec 22, 2017.

This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed

At a glance

General information

Key facts about Nano-Red, straight from the product label.

Brand Get Healthy Again
Barcode (UPC) 753182139722
Net contents 2 fl. Oz.; 59 mL
Market status On market
Date entered into DSLD Dec 22, 2017
DSLD ID 81734
Product type Other Combinations
Supplement form Liquid
Dietary claims / uses Structure/Function
Intended target group(s) Adult (18 - 50 Years)
From the label
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.

Supplement Facts

The label details for Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.

Supplement Facts

Daily Value (DV) Target Group(s):
Adults and children 4 or more years of age
Minimum serving Sizes:
25 Drop(s)
Maximum serving Sizes:
25 Drop(s)
Servings per container
70
UPC/BARCODE
753182139722
IngredientAmount% DV
Dandelion root extract0 NP--
Grain Alcohol0 NP--
Lemon essential Oil0 NP--
Brandy0 NP--
Calcarea Fluorica0 NP--
Organic Essential Oils0 NP--
Black Walnut extract0 NP--
Ginger Essential Oil0 NP--
Fulvic Acid extract0 NP--
Humic Acid extract0 NP--
Red Root Extract0 NP--
Proprietary Herbal Blend (Combination)0.85 mL--
Super Critical Extracts:0 NP--
Blood root extract0 NP--
Prickly Ash extract0 NP--
Poke root extract0 NP--
Preservatives:0 NP--
Flower Essences0 NP--
Larch0 NP--
Pine0 NP--
Oak0 NP--
Homeopathics0 NP--
Grapefruit Essential Oil0 NP--
Celery seed Essential Oil0 NP--

Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.

Label statements
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
General Statements

GHA Nano-Red delivers valuable nutritional support for normalization of blood and cell chemistry.

GHA Naturals

Bioavailable nutrition

Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions

Suggested Use: One half dropper per use, 2 to 4 times daily.

Hold in mouth for 20 seconds and swallow.

FDA Disclaimer Statement

These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

FDA Statement of Identity

Dietary Supplement

See for yourself

Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again label

The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.

What’s inside

The Ingredients in Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again

These are the 5 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.

Serving size25 Drop(s) Dosage formLiquid Servings per container70 Amounts shown are per serving.

Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.

Proprietary Herbal Blend (Combination)

0.85 mL per serving
  • › Organic Essential Oils
  • › Super Critical Extracts:
  • › Preservatives:
  • › Flower Essences
  • › Homeopathics
Interaction report

Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again Drug Interactions

Want to check YOUR meds against Nano-Red?

Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.

Go to the checker
1,466Drugs
776 Major 570 Moderate 120 Minor

Ingredients driving the most interactions

Each ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects

For each ingredient in Nano-Red with known interactions, here are the types of medications it can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.

The maker

Brand information

Manufacturer and brand details for Nano-Red, from the product label.

Get Healthy Again

See all Get Healthy Again products
Name
Get Healthy Again
Street Address
3281 Kachemak Drive
City
Homer
State
AK
ZipCode
99603
Phone Number
800.832.9755
Web Address
GetHealthyAgainStore.com
Pharmacist Counseling Corner

Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again: Common Questions

Does Nano-Red by Get Healthy Again interact with any medications?
Yes. Based on its ingredients, Nano-Red has a known interaction with 1,466 medications, including 776 rated major. Use the checker to see how it interacts with a specific drug.
How can one product interact with so many drugs?
Nano-Red contains 5 active ingredients, and an interaction can come from any of them. We check every ingredient, combine the results into one list per medication, and show which ingredient and mechanism is responsible.
Where does this information come from?
The product label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD); the interaction data is built on the Natural Medicines database and reviewed by HelloPharmacist pharmacists.
Is Nano-Red safe to take while I'm pregnant?
The safety data we hold varies by ingredient and is often limited. Bloodroot and black walnut are advised against in pregnancy; dandelion, ginger, and grapefruit have less information. Celery seed is likely unsafe in medicinal amounts during pregnancy. Because several ingredients have insufficient pregnancy data or are not recommended, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before starting—they can give you personalized advice based on your exact situation.
Can I take Nano-Red while breastfeeding?
Safety data for breastfeeding is limited or insufficient for most ingredients here. Bloodroot and black walnut are advised against; ginger is likely safe; dandelion, lemon, celery seed, and fulvic acid have either insufficient data or caution notes. Because we do not have reliable breastfeeding information for several ingredients, please check with your pharmacist or doctor before using this product.
What are the most common side effects of Nano-Red?
The ingredients with the most documented side effects are dandelion (diarrhea, heartburn, stomach discomfort), ginger (abdominal discomfort, burping, diarrhea, heartburn), lemon (heartburn, gastrointestinal upset), and fulvic acid (diarrhea, headache, sore throat). Serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis have been reported rarely with dandelion, celery, and bloodroot in sensitive individuals.
Does Nano-Red actually work for anything?
The evidence in our data is limited. Ginger may help with pregnancy-related nausea, menstrual pain, and osteoarthritis. Fluoride (calcarea fluorica) is effective for cavity prevention and possibly helpful for osteoporosis and gum health. For most other uses listed—joint pain, tonsillitis, swelling, fatigue, infections—we hold insufficient evidence to say whether it works. Talk with your healthcare provider about what you're hoping to treat.
What is dandelion root extract supposed to do in this product?
Dandelion root is included in herbal formulas traditionally for various purposes, but the evidence we hold shows insufficient reliable data to rate it for joint pain, tonsillitis, swelling, or postoperative pain. Laboratory research suggests it may have effects on blood glucose and clotting, which is why it interacts with diabetes and blood-thinning medications.
Why does this product contain grapefruit essential oil if it interacts with so many drugs?
Grapefruit is included for its potential health effects, but it is a potent inhibitor of how your liver metabolizes many medications. The amount of grapefruit essential oil in this liquid and how much you'd consume matters, but because the interaction risk is real and serious with certain drugs, you must check your medications before starting.

Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy

Not sure if Nano-Red is safe with your meds?

Our pharmacists answer your medication & supplement questions — free.

Ask a pharmacist

Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.

Nano-Red label
Sources

Sources & How We Checked

Nano-Red's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.

Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.

The 366 references behind this product’s interaction data

Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.

Dandelion 27 references
  1. Maliakal PP, Wanwimolruk S. Effect of herbal teas on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2001;53:1323-9. PubMed
  2. Williams CA, Goldstone F, Greenham J. Flavonoids, cinnamic acids and coumarins from the different tissues and medicinal preparations of Taraxacum officinale. Phytochemistry 1996;42:121-7. PubMed
  3. Hussain Z, Waheed A, Qureshi RA, et al. The effect of medicinal plants of Islamabad and Murree region of Pakistan on insulin secretion from INS-1 cells. Phytother Res 2004;18:73-7. PubMed
  4. Racz-Kotilla E, Racz G, Solomon A. The action of Taraxacum officinale extracts on the body weight and diuresis of laboratory animals. Planta Med 1974;26:212-7. PubMed
  5. Zhu M, Wong PY, Li RC. Effects of taraxacum mongolicum on the bioavailability and disposition of ciprofloxacin in rats. J Pharm Sci 1999;88:632-4. PubMed
  6. Jovanovic M, Mimica-Dukic N, Poljacki M, Boza P. Erythema multiforme due to contact with weeds: a recurrence after patch testing. Contact Dermatitis 2003;48:17-25. PubMed
  7. Chivato T, Juan F, Montoro A, Laguna R. Anaphylaxis induced by ingestion of a pollen compound. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1996;6:208-9.
  8. Cohen SH, Yunginger JW, Rosenberg N, Fink JN. Acute allergic reaction after composite pollen ingestion. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1979;64:270-4. PubMed
  9. Lovell CR, Rowan M. Dandelion dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 1991;25:185-8. PubMed
  10. Agarwal SC, Crook JR, Pepper CB. Herbal remedies -- how safe are they? A case report of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation induced by herbal medication used for obesity. Int J Cardiol 2006;106:260-1. PubMed
  11. Martín-Muñoz MF, Bartolome B, Caminoa M, et al. Bee pollen: a dangerous food for allergic children. Identification of responsible allergens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2010;38:263-5. PubMed
  12. Neef H, Cilli F, Declerck PJ, et al. Platelet anti-aggregating activity of Taraxacum officinale Weber. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:s138-s140.
  13. Cuzzolin L, Zaffani S, and Benoni G. Safety implications regarding use of phytomedicines. Eur.J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;62:37-42. PubMed
  14. Posadzki, P., Watson, L. K., and Ernst, E. Adverse effects of herbal medicines: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Med 2013;13(1):7-12. PubMed
  15. Wakelin, S. H., Marren, P., Young, E., and Shaw, S. Compositae sensitivity and chronic hand dermatitis in a seven-year-old boy. Br J Dermatol 1997;137(2):289-291. PubMed
  16. Ingber, A. Seasonal allergic contact dermatitis from Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) in an Israeli florist. Contact Dermatitis 2000;43(1):49.
  17. Rodriguez, B., Rodriguez, A., de Barrio, M., Tornero, P., and Baeza, M. L. Asthma induced by canary food mix. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2003;24(4):265-268.
  18. Syhaieva, I. A. [Efficiency of specific immunotherapy in treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis]. Lik.Sprava. 2006;(1-2):51-53.
  19. Catania, M. A., Oteri, A., Caiello, P., Russo, A., Salvo, F., Giustini, E. S., Caputi, A. P., and Polimeni, G. Hemorrhagic cystitis induced by an herbal mixture. South.Med.J. 2010;103(1):90-92. PubMed
  20. Goksu, E., Eken, C., Karadeniz, O., and Kucukyilmaz, O. First report of hypoglycemia secondary to dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) ingestion. Am J Emerg.Med 2010;28(1):111-112. PubMed
  21. Fernandez-Gonzalez, D., Gonzalez-Parrado, Z., Vega-Maray, A. M., Valencia-Barrera, R. M., Camazon-Izquierdo, B., De, Nuntiis P., and Mandrioli, P. Platanus pollen allergen, Pla a 1: quantification in the atmosphere and influence on a sensitizing populati
  22. Liang, K. L., Su, M. C., Shiao, J. Y., Wu, S. H., Li, Y. H., and Jiang, R. S. Role of pollen allergy in Taiwanese patients with allergic rhinitis. J Formos.Med Assoc. 2010;109(12):879-885. PubMed
  23. Yang, Y., Zhao, Y., Wang, C. S., Wang, X. D., and Zhang, L. [Prevalence of sensitization to aeroallergens in 10 030 patients with allergic rhinitis]. Zhonghua Er.Bi Yan.Hou Tou.Jing.Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011;46(11):914-920.
  24. Davies, M. G. and Kersey, P. J. Contact allergy to yarrow and dandelion. Contact Dermatitis 1986;14(4):256-257. PubMed
  25. Collins JM and Miller DR. Dandelion green bezoar following antrectomy and vagotomy - case report. J Kansas Med Soc 1966;67(6):303-304.
  26. Moriarty B, Pinney JH, Owen-Casey MP, Rustin MH, Deroide F, Laing C, Davenport A. Digital necrosis from dandelion tea. Br J Dermatol. 2013 Jul;169(1):227-30. PubMed
  27. Onal S, Timur S, Okutucu B, Zihnioglu F. Inhibition of alphaglucosidase by aqueous extracts of some potent antidiabetic medicinal herbs. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2005;35:29-36.

See these in context on the Dandelion monograph →

Lemon 2 references
  1. Ruggenenti P, Caruso MR, Cortinovis M, et al. Fresh lemon juice supplementation for the prevention of recurrent stones in calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis: A pragmatic, prospective, randomised, open, blinded endpoint (PROBE) trial. EClinicalMedicine 2021;4 PubMed
  2. Umemura K, Katada Y, Nakagawa S, et al. Improved absorption of itraconazole tablet by co-administration with lemon beverages in a lung transplant recipient: A case report. J Infect Chemother 2022;28(8):1203-1207. PubMed

See these in context on the Lemon monograph →

Fluoride 39 references
  1. McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998.
  2. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999. Available at: http://books.nap.edu/books/0309063507/html/index.html.
  3. Position of the American Dietetic Association: the impact of fluoride on health. J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101:126-32.. PubMed
  4. Brown JP, Josse RG, et al. 2002 clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in Canada. CMAJ 2002;167:S1-S34..
  5. Haguenauer D, Welch V, Shea B, et al. Fluoride for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.(Cochrane Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(4):CD002825.. PubMed
  6. Choi AL, Sun G, Zhang Y, Grandjean P. Developmental fluoride neurotoxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Health Perspect. 2012 Oct;120(10):1362-8. PubMed
  7. Enamandram M, Das S, Chaney KS. Cheilitis and urticaria associated with stannous fluoride in toothpaste. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Sep;71(3):e75-6. PubMed
  8. Foti C, Romita P, Ficco D, Bonamonte D, Angelini G. Allergic contact cheilitis to amine fluoride in a toothpaste. Dermatitis. 2014 Jul-Aug;25(4):209. PubMed
  9. Grey A, Garg S, Dray M, Purvis L, Horne A, Callon K, Gamble G, Bolland M, Reid IR, Cundy T. Low-dose fluoride in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Jun;98(6):2301-7. PubMed
  10. Peters P, Drummond C. Perioral dermatitis from high fluoride dentifrice: a case report and review of literature. Aust Dent J. 2013 Sep;58(3):371-2. PubMed
  11. Sälzer S, Slot DE, Dörfer CE, Van der Weijden GA. Comparison of triclosan and stannous fluoride dentifrices on parameters of gingival inflammation and plaque scores: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg. 2015 Feb;13(1):1-17.
  12. Till C, Green R, Flora D, et al. Fluoride exposure from infant formula and child IQ in a Canadian birth cohort. Environ Int. 2020;134:105315. PubMed
  13. Seddek AL, Ghallab A. Fluoride: No evidence of developmental neurotoxicity due to current exposure levels in Europe. Arch Toxicol. 2020;94(7):2543-2544. PubMed
  14. Green R, Lanphear B, Hornung R, et al. Association between maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy and IQ scores in offspring in Canada. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(10):940-8. PubMed
  15. Guth S, Hüser S, Roth A, et al. Toxicity of fluoride: critical evaluation of evidence for human developmental neurotoxicity in epidemiological studies, animal experiments and in vitro analyses. Arch Toxicol. 2020;94(5):1375-1415. PubMed
  16. Canadian Dental Association. CDA position on use of fluorides in caries prevention. March 2012. Available at: https://www.cda-adc.ca/_files/position_statements/fluoride.pdf. Accessed December 9, 2020.
  17. Bellinger DC. Is fluoride potentially neurotoxic? JAMA Pediatr. 2019. PubMed
  18. Till C, Green R, Lanphear B. Association between maternal fluoride exposure and child IQ-reply. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(2):216-217. PubMed
  19. Bledsoe J, Breiger D, McKeever J. Association between maternal fluoride exposure and child IQ. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(2):213. PubMed
  20. Gong CX, James NE. Association between maternal fluoride exposure and child IQ. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(2):212-213. PubMed
  21. Bashash M, Marchand M, Hu H, et al. Prenatal fluoride exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children at 6-12?years of age in Mexico City. Environ Int. 2018;121(Pt 1):658-666. PubMed
  22. Riddell JK, Malin AJ, Flora D, McCague H, Till C. Association of water fluoride and urinary fluoride concentrations with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Canadian youth. Environ Int. 2019;133(Pt B):105190. PubMed
  23. Wei Y, Zhu J, Wetzstein SA. Plasma and water fluoride levels and hyperuricemia among adolescents: A cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of the United States for 2013-2016. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021;208:111670. PubMed
  24. Davoudi M, Barjasteh-Askari F, Sarmadi M, et al. Relationship of fluoride in drinking water with blood pressure and essential hypertension prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021;94(6):1137-1146. PubMed
  25. Veneri F, Vinceti M, Generali L, et al. Fluoride exposure and cognitive neurodevelopment: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Environ Res 2023;221:115239. PubMed
  26. Iamandii I, De Pasquale L, Giannone ME, et al. Does fluoride exposure affect thyroid function? A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Environ Res 2024;242:117759. PubMed
  27. Mou Y, Qu T, Wang R, Zhang Y, He Z, Gu S. The association of high-fluoride and high-iodine combined exposure with dental fluorosis and goiter: a meta-analysis. Environ Geochem Health 2023;45(6):3143-3153. PubMed
  28. Hall M, Lanphear B, Chevrier J, Hornung R, Green R, Goodman C, et al. Fluoride exposure and hypothyroidism in a Canadian pregnancy cohort. Sci Total Environ 2023;869:161149. PubMed
  29. Malin AJ, Riddell J, McCague H, Till C. Fluoride exposure and thyroid function among adults living in Canada: Effect modification by iodine status. Environ Int 2018;121(Pt 1):667-674. PubMed
  30. Do LG, Sawyer A, John Spencer A, et al. Early Childhood Exposures to Fluorides and Cognitive Neurodevelopment: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study. J Dent Res 2024; Dec. PubMed
  31. Do LG, Spencer AJ, Sawyer A, et al. Early Childhood Exposures to Fluorides and Child Behavioral Development and Executive Function: A Population-Based Longitudinal Study. J Dent Res 2023;102(1):28-36. PubMed
  32. Farmus L, Till C, Green R, et al. Critical windows of fluoride neurotoxicity in Canadian children. Environ Res 2021;200:111315. PubMed
  33. Grandjean P, Meddis A, Nielsen F, et al. Dose dependence of prenatal fluoride exposure associations with cognitive performance at school age in three prospective studies. Eur J Public Health 2024;34(1):143-149. PubMed
  34. Griebel-Thompson AK, Sands S, Chollet-Hinton L, et al. A Scoping Review of Iodine and Fluoride in Pregnancy in Relation to Maternal Thyroid Function and Offspring Neurodevelopment. Adv Nutr 2023;14(2):317-338. PubMed
  35. Kumar JV, Moss ME, Liu H, Fisher-Owens S. Association between low fluoride exposure and children's intelligence: a meta-analysis relevant to community water fluoridation. Public Health 2023;219:73-84. PubMed
  36. Levy SM. Caution Needed in Interpreting the Evidence Base on Fluoride and IQ. JAMA Pediatr 2025. PubMed
  37. Taylor KW, Eftim SE, Sibrizzi CA, et al. Fluoride Exposure and Children's IQ Scores: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2025. PubMed
  38. Goodman CV, Hall M, Green R, et al. Iodine Status Modifies the Association between Fluoride Exposure in Pregnancy and Preschool Boys' Intelligence. Nutrients 2022;14(14):2920. PubMed
  39. Castiblanco-Rubio GA, Muñoz-Rocha TV, Téllez-Rojo MM, et al. Dietary Influences on Urinary Fluoride over the Course of Pregnancy and at One-Year Postpartum. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022;200(4):1568-1579. PubMed

See these in context on the Fluoride monograph →

Black Walnut 3 references
  1. Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.
  2. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  3. Food and Drug Administration. Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA); Public Law 108-282, Title II. Accessed on May 19, 2021. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/food/food-allergensgluten-free-guidance-documents-regulatory-infor

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Ginger 64 references
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Fulvic Acid 3 references
  1. Lu, FJ. Arsenic as a promoter in the effect of humic substances on plasma prothrombin time in vitro. Thromb Res 6-15-1990;58(6):537-541. PubMed
  2. Vucskits, AV, Hullar, I, Bersenyi, A, Andrasofszky, E, Kulcsar, M, Szabo, J. Effect of fulvic and humic acids on performance, immune response and thyroid function in rats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010;94(6):721-728. PubMed
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Humic Acid 3 references
  1. Dietary Supplements: What You Need to Know — NIH Office of Dietary Supplements Source
  2. Using Dietary Supplements Wisely — NIH NCCIH Source
  3. Dietary Supplements — MedlinePlus Source

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New Jersey Tea 1 reference
  1. Herbs at a Glance — NIH NCCIH Source

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Bloodroot 17 references
  1. Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.
  2. The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
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Northern Prickly Ash 2 references
  1. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
  2. Brinker F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 2nd ed. Sandy, OR: Eclectic Medical Publications, 1998.

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Grapefruit 157 references
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See these in context on the Grapefruit monograph →

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DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.

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