Immune Ingredients & Drug Interactions
by ProSol
What is this page for?
First and foremost: checking Immune against your medications. The heart of this page is the interaction checker and the full interaction report — how this product’s ingredients may interact with prescription and over-the-counter medicines you may be taking.
Around that, we add a pharmacist’s high-level view of the product as a whole — what’s inside, the evidence for its stated use, how transparent the label is, and what safety data exists — so you can see the full picture in one place. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases and the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist — not medical advice — and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Immune is a dietary supplement by ProSol with 7 active ingredients. Its ingredients are commonly taken for immune support, fatigue and general well-being, stress and sleep.Based on those ingredients, 1,336 medications have a known interaction with it, the most serious rated moderate. The ingredients most likely to interact are Goldenseal (root) extract, Echinacea purpurea (root) extract, Reishi Mushroom extract. Use the checker below to test your specific medication, or read the full HelloPharmacist Interaction Report.
Check Your Meds Against Immune by ProSol
Ask about any prescription or over-the-counter medication and we check it for interactions with Immune by ProSol — and tell you which ingredient is responsible.
AI summaries are generated from our interaction database for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
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HelloPharmacist Scorecard of Immune by ProSol
Four independent checks of what is known — a summary of the available information, not a grade of the product itself.
By FDA rules, dietary supplements can’t claim to treat, cure, or prevent disease — so labels speak in careful marketing language. We discern each product’s intended use from its name, label claims, and label statements, then grade the clinical evidence for that use. How these ratings are computed
The stated purpose hasn't been mapped to our evidence data yet.
Why this rating?
- We haven't mapped this product's purpose to our evidence data yet — it'll be graded on the next content refresh.
Most active ingredients don't disclose an individual amount — you can't tell how much of each you're getting.
Why this rating?
- The label discloses an exact amount for 0 of its 7 active ingredients.
- “Proprietary Herbal Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (375 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
- “Proprietary Enzyme Blend” is a proprietary blend — the label gives one combined amount (150 mg) without saying how much of each component you get.
The most serious documented interaction for these ingredients is Moderate. Check your medications for a personalized result.
Why this rating?
- 5 of the 6 matched ingredients can interact with medications — Shiitake Mushroom, Reishi Mushroom, Goldenseal, Astragalus, Echinacea.
- The most serious interaction on file is rated Moderate.
- Some involve high-stakes drug classes: anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs; immunosuppressants / transplant drugs; diabetes medications; heart-rhythm medications; lithium.
- For scale: 1,337 individual medications appear in the full list. A big number alone doesn't make a product dangerous — what matters is whether YOUR medication is on it, so run yours through the interaction checker on this page.
Adverse-effect, pregnancy, and general safety data are on file for most of these ingredients.
Why this rating?
- We hold adverse-effect (side-effect) data for 6 of the 6 matched ingredients.
- Pregnancy & breastfeeding safety ratings cover 6 of 6.
- General safety write-ups exist for 6 of 6.
- Remember: this measures how much safety information exists. Thin data is not the same as being safe.
HelloPharmacist summaryFormula with limited ingredient disclosure with no assessable stated purpose. Moderate medication interactions have been identified, and safety information is well characterized.
Assessment coverage: 7 of 7 active ingredients matched to our full ingredient reviews (monographs). Based on the product label dated Oct 27, 2014.
This Scorecard evaluates available label information, ingredient evidence, and known medication-safety considerations. It does not independently verify product identity, purity, potency, contamination, or manufacturing quality. How these ratings are computed
General information
Key facts about Immune, straight from the product label.
| Brand | ProSol |
|---|---|
| Net contents | 90 Vegetarian Capsule(s) |
| Market status | Off market |
| Date entered into DSLD | Oct 27, 2014 |
| DSLD ID | 38247 |
| Product type | Other Combinations |
| Supplement form | Capsule |
| Dietary claims / uses | All Other, Structure/Function |
| Intended target group(s) | Vegetarian, Adult (18 - 50 Years), Gluten Free |
Everything in this section is reproduced from the manufacturer’s own product label — it’s the label speaking, not HelloPharmacist. We show it so you can see exactly what the maker states; we don’t verify or endorse those statements.
Supplement Facts
The label details for Immune by ProSol, sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database.
Supplement Facts
| Ingredient | Amount | % DV |
|---|---|---|
| Proprietary Herbal Blend | 375 mg | -- |
| Reishi Mushroom extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Proprietary Enzyme Blend | 150 mg | -- |
| pHysioProtease | 0 NP | -- |
| Astragalus root extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Echinacea purpurea (root) extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Echinacea angustifolia (root) extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Goldenseal (root) extract | 0 NP | -- |
| Shiitake Mushroom extract | 0 NP | -- |
Other ingredients: Vegetarian Capsule
Tap any ingredient to jump to its full detail below.
These statements are the manufacturer’s wording, reproduced from the product label — the label is saying it, not HelloPharmacist. We don’t verify or endorse them.
Formulation
ProSol(TM) Immune is a 100% vegetarian supplement that includes pHysioProtease(TM) with synergistic herbs to help support the immune system
Contains no aspartame, sucrose, sorbitol, artificial colors or flavors, wheat, soy, yeast, corn proteins, gluten, nuts, salt or animal products.
Formula
ProSol(TM) Immune is a 100% vegetarian supplement that includes pHysioProtease(TM) with synergistic herbs to help support the immune system
Suggested/Recommended/Usage/Directions
Take one capsule three times daily at least two hours before or after meals with adequate liquid, or as directed by your healthcare professional.
Precautions
Use only if tamper-evident seal is unbroken.
Keep out of reach of children.
Storage
Store tightly closed in a cool, dry place.
FDA Disclaimer Statement
This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, mitigate, cure or prevent any disease.
General Statements
professional solutions
FDA Statement of Identity
Enzyme Supplement
Brand IP Statement(s)
pHysioProtease(TM), a trademark of Enzymes, Inc., is a proprietary blend of proteases that provides maximum patented systemic action.
Is this label outdated? Report a formula or label change and our pharmacy team will review it.
Immune by ProSol label
The label scan from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database. Tap to enlarge.
Label images are published by the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database for the version of this product on file. Always read your actual product label.
View the full label (PDF)The Ingredients in Immune by ProSol
These are the 7 active ingredients this product is made of. Select any to open its full monograph.
Serving size1 Vegetarian Capsule(s) Dosage formCapsule Servings per container90 Amounts shown are per serving.
Most supplement products combine several ingredients, and a medication can interact with the product through any one of them. Each ingredient below shows whether it has known drug interactions.
Proprietary Herbal Blend
Proprietary Enzyme Blend
Other (inactive) ingredients: Vegetarian Capsule. These complete the product’s ingredient list but are not active constituents.
Immune by ProSol Drug Interactions
Immune contains 7 ingredients, and 5 of them have known drug interactions. Altogether they interact with 1,336 medications. Here’s the picture, then you can look up your own drug.
Want to check YOUR meds against Immune?
Ask about interactions with your drugs in plain English — “Can I take it with lisinopril?” — and we find you the answer in seconds, ingredient by ingredient.
Go to the checkerIngredients driving the most interactions
Individual Drug Interactions
The ingredients in Immune interact with 1,336 drugs. Click any drug to see the details.
5 of the 7 ingredients in Immune interact with drugs. Each result below shows which ingredient is responsible. Goldenseal (root) extract Echinacea purpurea (root) extract Reishi Mushroom extract Shiitake Mushroom extract Astragalus root extract
6-mercaptopurinePurinethol
How 6-mercaptopurine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAstragalus Root ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Astragalus Root Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking shiitake mushroom might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + 6-mercaptopurine interactionAdo-trastuzumab EmtansineKadcyla
How Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine interactionAbciximabReoPro
How Abciximab interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Abciximab interactionReishi Mushroom ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Abciximab interactionAbemaciclibVerzenio
How Abemaciclib interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Abemaciclib interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Abemaciclib interactionAbiraterone
How Abiraterone interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Abiraterone interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Abiraterone interactionAbiraterone AcetateYonsa, Zytiga
How Abiraterone Acetate interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Abiraterone Acetate interactionAbrocitinibCibinqo
How Abrocitinib interacts with Immune — through 5 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2c9 (cyp2c9) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Abrocitinib interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAstragalus Root ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Astragalus Root Extract + Abrocitinib interactionReishi Mushroom ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Abrocitinib interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractImmunosuppressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking shiitake mushroom might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Abrocitinib interactionAcalabrutinibCalquence
How Acalabrutinib interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractP-glycoprotein Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase or decrease serum levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acalabrutinib interactionAcarboseGlucobay, Prandase, Precose
How Acarbose interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Astragalus Root ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Read the full Astragalus Root Extract + Acarbose interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acarbose interactionReishi Mushroom ExtractAntidiabetes Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, reishi mushroom might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Acarbose interactionAcebutololRhotral, Sectral
How Acebutolol interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acebutolol interactionReishi Mushroom ExtractAntihypertensive Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, concurrent use of reishi mushroom with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Acebutolol interactionAcenocoumarolSintrom
How Acenocoumarol interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi Mushroom ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acenocoumarol interactionAcepromazineAtravet
How Acepromazine interacts with Immune — through 1 ingredient. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCns Depressants Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acepromazine interactionAcetaminophenChildren's Tylenol, Children's Tylenol Meltaways, Tylenol, Tylenol Ex Strength
How Acetaminophen interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen interactionAcetaminophen, AspirinGemnisyn
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionReishi Mushroom ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin interactionAcetaminophen, Aspirin, CaffeineExcedrin, Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Migraine
How Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Reishi Mushroom ExtractAnticoagulant/antiplatelet Drugs Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
Read the full Reishi Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Aspirin, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Brompheniramine, PhenylpropanolamineDimetapp Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine interactionAcetaminophen, ButalbitalAxocet, Bancap, Bucet, Butex Forte, Esgic CF, Orbivan CF +5 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CaffeineEsgic, Esgic Plus, Fiogesic, Fioricet, Repan, Tecnal +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, CodeineEsgic with Codeine, Fioricet w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cns Depressants +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, CodeineBancap w/ Codeine
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine PhosphatePhrenilin #3
How Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Butalbital, Codeine Phosphate interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, PhenylephrineHycomine Compound
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Chlorpheniramine, Hydrocodone, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, CodeineGesic C15, Gesic C30, Gesic C8, Lenoltec 1, Lenoltec 2, Lenoltec 3 +1 more
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCns Depressants, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, SalicylamideCodalan No.1, Codalan No.2, Codalan No.3
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Codeine, Salicylamide interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, DihydrocodeineDHC Plus, Panlor DC, Panlor SS
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Shiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Caffeine +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Dihydrocodeine interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, IsomethepteneMigralam
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Echinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionGoldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Isometheptene interactionAcetaminophen, Caffeine, PyrilamineMidol Max Strength Menstrual
How Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interacts with Immune — through 2 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCaffeine, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +1 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Caffeine, Pyrilamine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan HbrVicks Formula 44M Cough, Cold & Flu Relief
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Dextromethorphan Hbr interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, PhenylephrineColrex
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Codeine, Phenylephrine interactionAcetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, DextromethorphanCoricidin II Extra Strength Cold and Flu
How Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interacts with Immune — through 3 ingredients. Tap an ingredient for the detail:
Goldenseal (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 2e1 (cyp2e1) Substrates, Dextromethorphan (robitussin Dm, Others) +2 Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
Read the full Goldenseal (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionEchinacea Angustifolia (root) ExtractCytochrome P450 1a2 (cyp1a2) Substrates, Cytochrome P450 3a4 (cyp3a4) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Read the full Echinacea Angustifolia (root) Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionShiitake Mushroom ExtractCytochrome P450 2d6 (cyp2d6) Substrates Moderate
Interaction Summary
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom Extract + Acetaminophen, Chlorpheniramine, Dextromethorphan interactionEach ingredient & the kinds of drugs it affects
For each ingredient in Immune with known interactions, here are the types of medications they can affect. Open any type for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Goldenseal (root) extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of bleeding when used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Goldenseal contains berberine. In vitro and animal research shows that berberine can inhibit platelet aggregation. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used with antidiabetes drugs.
Goldenseal contains berberine. Clinical research shows that berberine can lower blood glucose levels. However, this effect has not been reported with goldenseal.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the risk of hypotension when taken with antihypertensive drugs.
Goldenseal contains berberine. Animal research shows that berberine can have hypotensive effects. Also, an analysis of clinical research shows that taking berberine in combination with amlodipine can lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure when compared with amlodipine alone. However, this effect has not been reported with goldenseal.
Cns Depressants
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the sedative effects of CNS depressants.
Goldenseal contains berberine. Animal research shows that berberine can have sedative effects. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (Cyp2C9) Substrates
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2C9.
In vitro research shows that goldenseal root extract can modestly inhibit CYP2C9. This effect may be due to its alkaloid constituents, hydrastine and berberine. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Clinical and in vitro research shows that goldenseal can significantly inhibit CYP2D6 enzymes, potentially increasing levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2E1) Substrates
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2E1.
In vitro research shows that goldenseal root extract can inhibit the activity of CYP2E1. However, this effect has not been reported in humans.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Most clinical and in vitro research shows that goldenseal inhibits CYP3A4 enzyme activity and increases serum levels of CYP3A4 substrates, such as midazolam. However, in one small clinical study, goldenseal did not affect the levels of indinavir, a CYP3A4 substrate, in healthy volunteers. This is likely due to the fact that indinavir has a high oral bioavailability, making it an inadequate probe for CYP3A4 interactions and/or that it is primarily metabolized by hepatic CYP3A, while goldenseal has more potential to inhibit intestinal CYP3A enzyme activity. Both goldenseal extract and its isolated constituents berberine and hydrastine inhibit CYP3A, with hydrastine possibly having more inhibitory potential than berberine.
Dextromethorphan (Robitussin Dm, Others)
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of dextromethorphan.
Goldenseal contains berberine. A small clinical study shows that berberine can inhibit cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) activity and reduce the metabolism of dextromethorphan.
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Goldenseal might increase serum levels of digoxin, although this effect is unlikely to be clinically significant.
Clinical research shows that goldenseal modestly increases digoxin peak levels by about 14% in healthy volunteers. However, goldenseal does not seem to affect other pharmacokinetic parameters such as area under the curve (AUC). This suggests that goldenseal does not cause a clinically significant interaction with digoxin. Digoxin is a P-glycoprotein substrate. Some evidence suggests that goldenseal constituents might affect P-glycoprotein; however, it is unclear whether these constituents inhibit or induce P-glycoprotein.
Losartan (Cozaar)
Theoretically, goldenseal might decrease the conversion of losartan to its active form.
Goldenseal contains berberine. A small clinical study shows that berberine inhibits cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) activity and reduces the metabolism of losartan. However, this effect has not been reported with goldenseal.
Metformin (Glucophage)
Theoretically, goldenseal might reduce blood levels of metformin.
In vitro research shows that goldenseal extract decreases the bioavailability of metformin, likely by interfering with transport, intestinal permeability, or other processes involved in metformin absorption. It is unclear which, if any, of metformin's transporters are inhibited by goldenseal. Goldenseal does not appear to alter the clearance or half-life of metformin.
P-Glycoprotein Substrates
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase or decrease serum levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates.
There is conflicting evidence about the effect of goldenseal on P-gp. In vitro research suggests that berberine, a constituent of goldenseal, modestly inhibits P-gp efflux. Other evidence suggests that berberine induces P-gp. In healthy volunteers, goldenseal modestly increases peak levels of the P-gp substrate digoxin by about 14%. However, it does not seem to affect other pharmacokinetic parameters such as area under the curve (AUC). This suggests that goldenseal is not a potent inhibitor of P-gp-mediated drug efflux. Until more is known, goldenseal should be used cautiously with P-gp substrates.
Pentobarbital (Nembutal)
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase the sedative effects of pentobarbital.
Animal research shows that berberine, a constituent of goldenseal, can prolong pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. However, this effect has not been reported with goldenseal.
Tacrolimus (Prograf)
Theoretically, goldenseal might increase serum levels of tacrolimus.
Goldenseal contains berberine. In a 16-year-old patient with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome who was being treated with tacrolimus 6.5 mg twice daily, intake of berberine 200 mg three times daily increased the blood concentration of tacrolimus from 8 to 22 ng/mL. Following a reduction of tacrolimus dosing to 3 mg daily, blood levels of tacrolimus decreased to 12 ng/mL.
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Theoretically, goldenseal might reduce the therapeutic effects of oseltamivir by decreasing its conversion to its active form.
In vitro evidence suggests that goldenseal reduces the formation of the active compound from the prodrug oseltamivir. The mechanism of action and clinical relevance is unclear.
Echinacea purpurea (root) extract
Caffeine
Echinacea can increase plasma levels of caffeine by inhibiting its metabolism.
Echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine by around 30%. This is likely due to inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) by echinacea.
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (Cyp1A2) Substrates
Echinacea might inhibit the metabolism of CYP1A2 and increase plasma levels of some drugs.
Echinacea appears to inhibit CYP1A2 enzymes in humans. Additionally, echinacea seems to increase plasma concentrations of caffeine, a CYP1A2 substrate, by around 30%. Theoretically, echinacea might increase levels of other drugs metabolized by CYP1A2.
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (Cyp3A4) Substrates
Echinacea may induce hepatic CYP3A4 and inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. This may increase or decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Several clinical trials have shown that taking echinacea for up to one month does not significantly affect the metabolism of various CYP3A4 substrates, including midazolam, docetaxel, etravirine, lopinavir-ritonavir, and darunavir-ritonavir. However, other clinical research shows that echinacea may increase the clearance of midazolam, suggesting that echinacea might induce CYP3A4. The discrepancy is thought to be due to differing effects of echinacea on intestinal versus hepatic CYP3A4 enzymes. Echinacea appears to induce hepatic CYP3A4 but inhibit intestinal CYP3A4. In some cases, these effects might cancel each other out, but in others, drug levels may be increased or decreased depending on the level of effect at hepatic and intestinal sites. The effect of echinacea on CYP3A4 activity may differ depending on the CYP3A4 substrate.
Etoposide (Vepesid)
Echinacea may increase levels of etoposide.
In one report, concomitant use of etoposide and echinacea was associated with more severe thrombocytopenia than the use of etoposide alone, suggesting inhibition of etoposide metabolism. Etoposide is a cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) substrate. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but some studies have reported inhibition of the enzyme.
Immunosuppressants
Echinacea has immunostimulant activity which may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy.
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with immunosuppressant therapy because of its immunostimulant activity.
Darunavir (Prezista)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of darunavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Darunavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but administration of an E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg four times daily for 14 days did not affect darunavir/ritonavir pharmacokinetics in 15 HIV-infected patients.
Dayquil Severe
Echinacea is reported to have varying effects on a number of Cytochrome P450 metabolizing enzymes in the liver, including CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, which play a role in acetaminophen and dextromethorphan metabolism (both contained in DayQuil Severe), respectively. Studies have reported both enzyme inhibition and induction, making it difficult to predict clinically significant drug interactions with reliability. Specific drug interaction studies reporting definitive results are rare, and potential drug interactions involving echinacea should likely be taken on a case-by-case basis. Based on what we know about how acetaminophen and dextromethorphan are metabolized, the risk of a clinically significant interaction between echinacea and DayQuil Severe is low.
Docetaxel (Taxotere)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of docetaxel; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Docetaxel is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea whole plant extract (Echinaforce, A. Vogel Biopharma AG) 20 drops three times daily for 2 weeks did not alter the pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in one clinical study.
Etravirine (Intelence)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of etravirine; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Etravirine is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea root extract (Arkocapsulas Echinacea, Arkopharma) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of etravirine in HIV-infected patients.
Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Kaletra)
Theoretically, echinacea may interfere with the metabolism of lopinavir; however, a small clinical study found no effect.
Lopinavir is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and is administered with the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir to increase its plasma concentrations. Echinacea has variable effects on CYP3A4, but taking E. purpurea (Echinamide, Natural Factors Nutritional Products, Inc.) 500 mg three times daily for 14 days did not alter the pharmacokinetics of lopinavir/ritonavir in healthy volunteers.
Midazolam (Versed)
Theoretically, echinacea may increase the metabolism of intravenous midazolam.
Echinacea induces hepatic CYP3A4 and might decrease plasma levels of midazolam by about 20%, reducing the effectiveness of intravenous midazolam. Echinacea also appears to inhibit intestinal CYP3A4, which could theoretically increase the bioavailability of oral midazolam. This may cancel out the decrease in availability caused by induction of hepatic CYP3A4, such that overall plasma levels after oral administration of midazolam are not affected by echinacea.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Echinacea seems to increase the clearance of warfarin, although the effect may not be clinically significant.
Preliminary clinical research in healthy male volunteers suggests that taking echinacea increases the clearance of the active S-isomer of warfarin after a single dose of warfarin, but there was not a clinically significant effect on the INR.
Reishi Mushroom extract
Anticoagulant/Antiplatelet Drugs
Theoretically, high doses of reishi mushroom might increase the risk of bleeding.
A dose of 1.5 grams daily of reishi mushroom does not seem to decrease platelet aggregation, but a higher dose of 3 grams daily does.
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, reishi mushroom might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs.
Animal research suggests that reishi mushroom decreases blood sugar. However, in patients with type 2 diabetes, taking reishi mushroom does not reduce fasting glucose levels, and its effects on glycated hemoglobin are inconsistent.
Antihypertensive Drugs
Theoretically, concurrent use of reishi mushroom with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Reishi mushroom has shown hypotensive activity in animal research. Clinical evidence suggests that reishi mushroom reduces blood pressure in some, but not all, patients with hypertension.
Shiitake Mushroom extract
Cytochrome P450 2D6 (Cyp2D6) Substrates
Theoretically, shiitake mushroom might decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6.
In vitro studies suggest that the shiitake mushroom extract AHCC might induce the CYP2D6 enzyme. This effect has not been reported in humans.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, taking shiitake mushroom might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
In vitro evidence suggests that shiitake mushroom extracts stimulate immune function.
Astragalus root extract
Antidiabetes Drugs
Theoretically, taking astragalus with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Clinical research in humans shows that astragalus might have hypoglycemic effects. Theoretically, taking astragalus, especially in combination with other hypoglycemic agents, might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Cyclophosphamide
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with cyclophosphamide therapy.
Evidence regarding the effect of astragalus on immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide is conflicting. Some animal research suggests that astragalus reverses cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression. However, other animal research shows no effect.
Immunosuppressants
Theoretically, astragalus might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Astragalus seems to stimulate immune function. Theoretically, taking astragalus might decrease the effects of immunosuppressive therapy.
Lithium
Theoretically, astragalus might increase levels and adverse effects of lithium.
Animal research suggests that astragalus has diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to this diuretic effect, astragalus might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium.
Brand information
Manufacturer and brand details for Immune, from the product label.
ProSol
See all ProSol products- Name
- Enzymes, Inc.
- City
- Kansas City
- State
- MO
- ZipCode
- 64153
- Phone Number
- 800-637-7893
Immune by ProSol: Common Questions
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Where does this information come from?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
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Label information is sourced from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database and reflects the product version on file; always read your actual product label. This page is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Confirm with your pharmacist or doctor before combining supplements and medications.
The Full Monographs Behind Immune’s Ingredients
Every ingredient we hold a full HelloPharmacist monograph for — uses, evidence, safety, and the complete interaction list.
Reishi Mushroom
Interacts with 375 drugsReishi is a traditional Asian mushroom widely used to support the immune system and overall wellness. Human evidence for most of its claimed benefits is limited or low-quality, so it should...
Read the full Reishi Mushroom monograph → Herb & supplement monographAstragalus
Interacts with 208 drugsAstragalus is a root used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine, mainly to support the immune system and help the body cope with stress. While early studies are interesting, strong h...
Read the full Astragalus monograph → Herb & supplement monographEchinacea
Interacts with 816 drugsEchinacea is a popular herb taken to help prevent or shorten the common cold, but study results are mixed and the overall benefit appears small at best. It is generally well tolerated for sh...
Read the full Echinacea monograph → Herb & supplement monographGoldenseal
Interacts with 1,237 drugsGoldenseal is a popular North American herb that contains berberine, a compound studied for antimicrobial effects. However, strong human evidence for its many traditional uses is largely lac...
Read the full Goldenseal monograph → Herb & supplement monographShiitake Mushroom
Interacts with 312 drugsShiitake is a popular edible mushroom that is nutritious and safe to eat as food for most people. Some of its extracts (like lentinan and AHCC) have been studied as immune support, mainly al...
Read the full Shiitake Mushroom monograph → Herb & supplement monographProteolytic Enzymes (proteases)
Proteolytic enzymes are proteins that help break down other proteins, and common examples include bromelain (from pineapple), papain (from papaya), trypsin, chymotrypsin, and pancreatin. Peo...
Read the full Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →Sources & How We Checked
Immune's label data comes from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database; the ingredient interaction data is from the Natural Medicines database, reviewed by our pharmacists.
- NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) — The official product label on file for this supplement.
- Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) — Evidence-graded clinical reference behind the ingredient interaction data.
Content is written and reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists. See our data sources and editorial standards for how this information is built and checked.
The 185 references behind this product’s interaction data
Every citation that drives the interaction findings for this product’s ingredients, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Open an ingredient to browse its citations — links open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
Reishi Mushroom 17 references
- McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
- Tao J, Feng KY. Experimental and clinical studies on inhibitory effect of ganoderma lucidum on platelet aggregation. J Tongji Med Univ 1990;10:240-3. PubMed
- Singh AB, Gupta SK, Pereira BM, Prakash D. Sensitization to Ganoderma lucidum in patients with respiratory allergy in India. Clin Exp Allergy 1995;25:440-7.
- Lee SY, Rhee HM. Cardiovascular effects of mycelium extract of Ganoderma lucidum: inhibition of sympathetic outflow as a mechanism of its hypotensive action. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1990;38:1359-64. PubMed
- Kwok Y, Ng KFJ, Li, CCF, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the platelet and global hemostatic effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Ling-Zhi) in healthy volunteers. Anesth Analg 2005;101:423-6. PubMed
- Wanmuang, H., Leopairut, J., Kositchaiwat, C., Wananukul, W., and Bunyaratvej, S. Fatal fulminant hepatitis associated with Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) mushroom powder. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90(1):179-181.
- Seto, S. W., Lam, T. Y., Tam, H. L., Au, A. L., Chan, S. W., Wu, J. H., Yu, P. H., Leung, G. P., Ngai, S. M., Yeung, J. H., Leung, P. S., Lee, S. M., and Kwan, Y. W. Novel hypoglycemic effects of Ganoderma lucidum water-extract in obese/diabetic (+db/+db
- Chu, T. T., Benzie, I. F., Lam, C. W., Fok, B. S., Lee, K. K., and Tomlinson, B. Study of potential cardioprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi): results of a controlled human intervention trial. Br.J.Nutr. 2012;107(7):1017-1027.
- Jin, X., Ruiz, Beguerie J., Sze, D. M., and Chan, G. C. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;6:CD007731.
- Kabir, Y., Kimura, S., and Tamura, T. Dietary effect of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom on blood pressure and lipid levels in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). J Nutr Sci Vitaminol.(Tokyo) 1988;34(4):433-438. PubMed
- Kanmatsuse, K., Kajiwara, N., Hayashi, K., Shimogaichi, S., Fukinbara, I., Ishikawa, H., and Tamura, T. [Studies on Ganoderma lucidum. I. Efficacy against hypertension and side effects]. Yakugaku Zasshi 1985;105(10):942-947. PubMed
- Gao, Y., Lan, J., Dai, X., Ye, J., and Zhou, S. A Phase I/II Study of Ling Zhi Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum(W.Curt: Fr.) Lloyd (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Extract in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 2004;6. DOI
- Jin H, Zhang G, Cao X, and et al. Treatment of hypertension by linzhi combined with hypotensor and its effects on arterial, arteriolar and capillary pressure and microcirculation. In: Niimi H, Xiu RJ, Sawada T, and et al. Microcirculatory Approach to Asi
- Klupp NL, Chang D, Hawke F, Kiat H, Cao H, Grant SJ, Bensoussan A. Ganoderma lucidum mushroom for the treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Feb 17;2:CD007259. PubMed
- Zhao H, Zhang Q, Zhao L, Huang X, Wang J, Kang X. Spore Powder of Ganoderma lucidum Improves Cancer-Related Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Endocrine Therapy: A Pilot Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:809614.
- Pazzi F, Adsuar JC, Domínguez-Muñoz FJ, García-Gordillo MA, Gusi N, Collado-Mateo D. Ganoderma lucidum effects on mood and health-related quality of life in women with fibromyalgia. Healthcare (Basel) 2020;8(4):520. PubMed
- Kogure T, Koiwai A, Fukushi D, et al. Hypereosinophilia with hepatic nodule formation caused by Ganoderma lucidum. Intern Med 2021;60(24):3897-3903.
Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) 3 references
- Weeks JA, Harper RA, Simon RA, Burdick JD. Assessment of sensitization risk of a laundry pre-spotter containing protease. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2011;30(4):272-9. PubMed
- Marquès LI, Lara S, Abós T, Bartolomé B. Occupational rhinitis due to pepsin. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2006;16(2):136-7. DOI
- Cartier A, Malo JL, Pineau L, Dolovich J. Occupational asthma due to pepsin. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984;73(5 Pt 1):574-7. PubMed
See these in context on the Proteolytic Enzymes (proteases) monograph →
Astragalus 13 references
- Upton R, ed. Astragalus Root: Analytical, quality control, and therapeutic monograph. Santa Cruz, CA: American Herbal Pharmacopoeia. 1999:1-25.
- Khoo KS, Ang PT. Extract of astragalus membranaceus and ligustrum lucidum does not prevent cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression. Singapore Med J 1995;36:387-90.
- Chu DT, Wong WL, Mavligit GM. Immunotherapy with Chinese medicinal herbs. II. Reversal of cyclophosphamide-induced immune suppression by administration of fractionated Astragalus membranaceus in vivo. J Clin Lab Immunol 1988;25:125-9.
- Sun Y, Hersh EM, Lee SL, et al. Preliminary observations on the effects of the Chinese medicinal herbs Astragalus membranaceus and Ligustrum lucidum on lymphocyte blastogenic responses. J Biol Response Mod 1983;2:227-37..
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