Bacillus Subtilis Drug Interactions, Uses, Effectiveness, Safety & More
What is this page for?
First and foremost: how Bacillus Subtilis interacts with medications. The heart of this page is the interaction list — every drug Bacillus Subtilis is known to interact with, and how serious each one is.
But these pages have grown well beyond that into a full monograph — what Bacillus Subtilis is, what people use it for and how strong the evidence is, its safety and side effects, and answers to the questions we’re asked most — written and reviewed by the clinical staff at HelloPharmacist. It’s educational information from our licensed clinical databases, not medical advice, and we don’t sell or endorse products. Our editorial policy
Check Bacillus Subtilis against your medication
Add one medicationBacillus Subtilis Drug Interactions: The Bottom Line
From the HelloPharmacist Editorial Team · Updated August 2026Based on the available evidence, the overall risk of a clinically significant Bacillus Subtilis drug interaction appears low for most people, because the main concern is a less effective probiotic rather than any harm from the combination. None of the recorded interactions are rated major, and all of them involve a single medication group affecting the supplement in the same way.
The one group worth knowing about is antibiotics. Because Bacillus subtilis is a live, friendly bacteria, an antibiotic taken around the same time can kill many of the organisms and leave the supplement with little to work with. This concern runs in one direction only: it is the probiotic that may lose its benefit, not the antibiotic becoming stronger, weaker, or more dangerous.
The long list of interacting medications mostly reflects how many different antibiotics exist, not many separate risks. The concern itself is largely theoretical, based on how antibiotics work against bacteria rather than on studies showing real problems in people, and nothing in the data points to Bacillus subtilis changing how prescription medicines behave in the body.
Based on HelloPharmacist’s Bacillus Subtilis interaction data and reviewed under our editorial standards.
Drugs that interact with Bacillus Subtilis
182 medications have a known interaction with Bacillus Subtilis, graded by severity. Select any drug for the full evidence-based detail.
Don’t want to scroll the list? Just ask.
Tell us the medications you take and we’ll check each one against Bacillus Subtilis using our pharmacist-reviewed interaction data.
AI summaries are generated from our Bacillus Subtilis interaction data for education only — always confirm with your pharmacist. How we use AI
No drugs match “”.
What Severity, Likelihood & Evidence Mean
Severity — How Serious It Can Be
- Major. Clinically significant; generally best avoided, or used only under direct professional supervision.
- Moderate. May need monitoring, a dose adjustment, or separating the times you take each one.
- Minor. Generally not clinically significant, but still worth noting and mentioning to your pharmacist.
- No known interaction. Checked against our sources with nothing documented — not the same as proven safety.
Likelihood — How Well It’s Documented
- Likely. Well-controlled human studies have demonstrated the likely existence of this interaction
- Probable. Interaction has not been documented in well-controlled studies, however, the interaction has been demonstrated in some small human studies or in controlled animal studies in conjunction with multiple case reports.
- Possible. Interaction has been documented in animal or in lab research, or the interaction has been documented in humans but is limited to case reports or conflicting clinical research exists
- Unlikely. Interaction has been demonstrated in animal or in lab research but has been shown not to occur in humans.
Where This Data Comes From
- Interaction records are evidence-graded and sourced from the Natural Medicines database (TRC Healthcare), the same reference used by pharmacists and hospitals.
- Each drug listed above links to the full report for that exact Bacillus Subtilis combination — clinical detail, likelihood, evidence level, and citations.
- Content is reviewed by licensed HelloPharmacist pharmacists — see our data sources and editorial standards.
The kinds of drugs Bacillus Subtilis affects
Every type of medication (drug category) Bacillus Subtilis is known to interact with. Open any category for the detail — or search your exact drug in the checker above.
Antibiotic Drugs
Theoretically, taking Bacillus subtilis with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of B. subtilis.
Since B. subtilis preparations usually contain live and active organisms, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms. Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and B. subtilis preparations by at least 2 hours.
Bacillus Subtilis: Uses, Safety & Side Effects
Bacillus subtilis is a spore-forming probiotic bacterium found in soil and some fermented foods, and it is used mainly to support gut health and digestion. Early research is promising for certain digestive and immune uses, but evidence is still limited and not strong enough to make firm claims. Talk to a pharmacist or doctor before using it, especially if you have a weak immune system.
- Scientific name
- Bacillus subtilis
- Family
- Bacillaceae
- Part used
- Live bacterial cells and spores (probiotic strains)
- Common forms
- Capsules, tablets, powders, and multi-strain probiotic blends
- Digestive health and bloating
- Diarrhea support
- Immune support
- Gut microbiome balance
Popular and traditional uses — not proof it works. See “Uses & effectiveness” below for the evidence.
Generally well tolerated in healthy adults, but quality and safety can vary by product and strain.
Insufficient reliable information available when used in doses higher than those found in foods; avoid using.
Read the full pregnancy detailInsufficient reliable information available when used in doses higher than those found in foods; avoid using.
Read the full breastfeeding detailPregnancy & breastfeeding ratings are from Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center). Safety guidance is general; always confirm with your pharmacist or doctor for your situation.
Overview
Bacillus subtilis is a type of friendly bacteria that naturally lives in soil, dust, and the gut of humans and animals. It is also found in some fermented foods. Unlike many other probiotics, it can form tough protective shells called spores, which help it survive heat, stomach acid, and long storage on a shelf.
Because of this hardiness, it is a popular ingredient in probiotic supplements. People take it to support digestion, gut balance, and the immune system. It is often combined with other probiotic strains in blended products.
How it works
Bacillus subtilis is thought to work in several ways. It may help crowd out harmful bacteria in the gut and support a healthier balance of microbes. It can also produce natural substances that may slow the growth of some unwanted bacteria.
Researchers believe it may interact with the gut lining and the immune cells found there, which could help the body's normal defenses. Some strains also produce enzymes that may aid digestion.
It is important to know that many of these proposed mechanisms come from laboratory or animal studies. How strongly they apply in the human body is still being studied.
Does Bacillus Subtilis work?
How to read these evidence grades
Natural Medicines’ 7-point scale. We show each rating’s label word-for-word.
Possibly Effective Antibiotic-associated diarrhea
Oral Bacillus subtilis seems to be beneficial for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
Also studied for 22 conditions — evidence insufficient to rate
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Aging skin
Topical Bacillus subtilis ferment extract has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Athletic performance
Small clinical studies suggest that oral Bacillus subtilis may not improve athletic performance.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for atopic dermatitis, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Cirrhosis
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for cirrhosis, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Clostridioides difficile infection
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for C. difficile prevention and treatment, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Constipation
Although there has been interest in using oral live or heat-killed Bacillus subtilis for constipation prevention or treatment, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Critical illness (trauma)
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diabetes
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for diabetes, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Diarrhea
It is unclear if oral Bacillus subtilis is beneficial for patients with chronic loose stools.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Dyslipidemia
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for dyslipidemia, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Dyspepsia
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Flatulence
It is unclear if oral Bacillus subtilis is beneficial for patients with flatulence.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Helicobacter pylori
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for Helicobacter pylori infection, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Hypertension
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for hypertension, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for preventing NEC in infants, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical or adverse effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Neonatal jaundice
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for preventing neonatal jaundice, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Pancreatitis
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Prematurity
Oral or parenteral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Sepsis
Although there has been interest in using oral Bacillus subtilis for preventing sepsis in infants, there is insufficient reliable information about the clinical effects of B. subtilis for this purpose.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Ulcerative colitis
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Insufficient Reliable Evidence To Rate Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
Oral Bacillus subtilis has only been evaluated in combination with other ingredients; its effect when used alone is unclear.
Source & disclaimer. Effectiveness ratings and evidence summaries are provided by Natural Medicines (Therapeutic Research Center) and shown as licensed. Where Natural Medicines hasn’t rated a use, HelloPharmacist’s pharmacists may add their own reviewed rating and evidence (each such entry is labeled). This is educational information, not medical advice — talk with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or changing a supplement.
Safety & precautions
For most healthy adults, Bacillus subtilis is generally considered well tolerated when taken as directed. However, quality and strain can vary a lot between products, so choosing a reputable brand matters.
People with a weakened immune system (for example, due to chemotherapy, HIV, organ transplant, or critical illness) should be cautious, since live bacteria can rarely cause infections in these groups. Anyone with a serious illness or a central line/catheter should talk to a doctor first.
Because there is not enough safety data, pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid it unless a doctor recommends it. Always check with a pharmacist or doctor before giving probiotics to infants or young children.
Side effects
Side effects are usually mild. The most common ones include gas, bloating, or an upset stomach, especially when first starting. These often improve as your body adjusts.
Serious side effects are rare. In people with very weak immune systems, there have been rare reports of infections linked to probiotic bacteria entering the bloodstream. If you develop a fever, severe stomach pain, or signs of infection, stop using it and seek medical care.
Bacillus Subtilis: Reported Adverse Effects
Documented safety reports on Bacillus Subtilis from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database, shown word-for-word from the licensed record.
Reports by conditionCluster headache Neurologic/CNS
Orally, one case of headache was reported in a clinical trial.
Diabetes Immunologic
There are cases of Bacillus subtilis var. natto bacteremia and meningitis in patients with frequent consumption of natto, soybeans fermented with B. subtilis var. natto. A 70-year-old female recovered from bacteremia after this consumption was stopped and she was treated with vancomycin. It was hypothesized that this infection was due to an immunocompromised state related to age, type 2 diabetes, kidney failure, multiple myeloma, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and treatment with immunosuppressive therapy. In a 67-year-old female, bacterial entry was suspected to be related to erosion of her esophagus.
There have been other rare cases of bacteremia or infections due to B. subtilis. These cases are unlikely to be related to intake or supplementation but to an immunocompromised state and/or introduction of bacteria to the body via non-oral routes. Cases of bacteremia include a newborn infant with sepsis, an adult with esophageal perforation, and a patient undergoing bone marrow transplantation subjected to contaminated materials. There is also a case of cholangitis in a 15-year-old child with a recent kidney transplant related to polycystic kidney disease.
- Kato A, Yoshifuji A, Komori K, et al. A case of Bacillus subtilis var. natto bacteremia caused by ingestion of natto during COVID-19 treatment in a maintenance hemodialysis patient with multiple myeloma. J Infect Chemother 2022;28(8):1212-1215.
- Tokano M, Tarumoto N, Imai K, et al. A case of bacterial meningitis caused by Bacillus subtilis var. natto. Intern Med. 2022. Epub ahead of print.
- Lampropoulos PK, Gkentzi D, Tzifas S, Dimitriou G. Neonatal sepsis due to Bacillus subtilis. Cureus 2021;13(9):e17692.
- La Jeon Y, Yang JJ, Kim MJ, et al. Combined Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis infection in a patient with oesophageal perforation. J Med Microbiol 2012;61(Pt 12):1766-1769.
- Velasco E, Martins CA, Tabak D, Bouzas LF. "Bacillus subtilis" infection in a patient submitted to a bone marrow transplantation. Rev Paul Med 1992;110(3):116-7.
- Wallet F, Crunelle V, Roussel-Delvallez M, Fruchart A, Saunier P, Courcol RJ. Bacillus subtilis as a cause of cholangitis in polycystic kidney and liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91(7):1477-8.
Diarrhea Gastrointestinal
Pain Other
Orally, an acute episode of mild pain was reported in a clinical trial.
Pruritus Dermatologic
Adverse-effects data: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
Dosing
There is no official standard dose for Bacillus subtilis. Probiotic amounts are usually measured in CFUs (colony-forming units), and products vary widely.
The best approach is to follow the directions on the product label and not exceed the recommended amount. Because formulas differ, ask a pharmacist or doctor for guidance, especially if you have a health condition or take other medicines.
Bacillus Subtilis & Pregnancy
Bacillus Subtilis & Breastfeeding
© 2026 Therapeutic Research Center
Pregnancy & lactation ratings: Natural Medicines, Therapeutic Research Center
References & further reading
The 10 references that drive our Bacillus Subtilis monograph and interaction data, from the evidence-graded Natural Medicines (TRC Healthcare) database. Citations with a link open the study on PubMed or the publisher’s site.
- Pierce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: The Stonesong Press, 1999:19.
- Lampropoulos PK, Gkentzi D, Tzifas S, Dimitriou G. Neonatal sepsis due to Bacillus subtilis. Cureus 2021;13(9):e17692. PubMed
- La Jeon Y, Yang JJ, Kim MJ, et al. Combined Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis infection in a patient with oesophageal perforation. J Med Microbiol 2012;61(Pt 12):1766-1769. PubMed
- Wallet F, Crunelle V, Roussel-Delvallez M, Fruchart A, Saunier P, Courcol RJ. Bacillus subtilis as a cause of cholangitis in polycystic kidney and liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1996;91(7):1477-8.
- Velasco E, Martins CA, Tabak D, Bouzas LF. "Bacillus subtilis" infection in a patient submitted to a bone marrow transplantation. Rev Paul Med 1992;110(3):116-7.
- Kato A, Yoshifuji A, Komori K, et al. A case of Bacillus subtilis var. natto bacteremia caused by ingestion of natto during COVID-19 treatment in a maintenance hemodialysis patient with multiple myeloma. J Infect Chemother 2022;28(8):1212-1215. PubMed
- Freedman KE, Hill JL, Wei Y, et al. Examining the gastrointestinal and immunomodulatory effects of the novel probiotic Bacillus subtilis DE111. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22(5):2453. PubMed
- Lefevre M, Racedo SM, Denayrolles M, et al. Safety assessment of Bacillus subtilis CU1 for use as a probiotic in humans. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017;83:54-65. PubMed
- Hanifi A, Culpepper T, Mai V, et al. Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis R0179 on gastrointestinal viability and general wellness: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy adults. Benef Microbes 2015;6(1):19-27. PubMed
- Tokano M, Tarumoto N, Imai K, et al. A case of bacterial meningitis caused by Bacillus subtilis var. natto. Intern Med. 2022. Epub ahead of print.
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always check with your pharmacist or doctor before starting, stopping, or combining supplements and medications.
Parts of this content are provided by the Therapeutic Research Center, LLC.
DISCLAIMER: Currently this does not check for drug-drug interactions. This is not an all-inclusive comprehensive list of potential interactions and is for informational purposes only. Not all interactions are known or well-reported in the scientific literature, and new interactions are continually being reported. Input is needed from a qualified healthcare provider including a pharmacist before starting any therapy. Application of clinical judgment is necessary.
© 2021 Therapeutic Research Center, LLC
Brands that make products with Bacillus Subtilis
217 brands in our database make a supplement containing Bacillus Subtilis.
Supplement products with Bacillus Subtilis
791 products in our database contain Bacillus Subtilis. Open any to see its full ingredient list and every drug interaction we check.
Bacillus Subtilis: Common Questions
What is Bacillus Subtilis used for, and does it work?
Does Bacillus Subtilis interact with prescription medications?
How are Bacillus Subtilis interactions rated?
Is it safe to take Bacillus Subtilis with my medications?
Where does this Bacillus Subtilis interaction information come from?
What is Bacillus Subtilis used for?
Is Bacillus Subtilis safe to take?
Can I take it while pregnant or breastfeeding?
How is Bacillus Subtilis different from other probiotics?
Written and reviewed by the HelloPharmacist editorial staff. Our editorial policy
Products that contain Bacillus Subtilis
A rotating sample of real supplements in our database that list Bacillus Subtilis — open any to see its full ingredients and every drug interaction we check.
- Active Chocolate by GNC Women's Ultra Mega
- Ultra Probiotic Formula by Garden of Life Primal Defense
- Floratrex 75 Billion CFU by Global Healing Center
- Grass Fed Collagen Creamer Creamy Vanilla Flavor by Garden of Life
- SBO Probiotics Men's 25 Billion CFU by Ancient Nutrition
- Gut Health Formula by Codeage
- Ultimate Probiotic 8 Billion CFU by Silver Fern Brand
- Pro-Bio by Enzymedica
- Weight Management Probiotic by Probiogen
- Complete Spore Restore SBO Probiotic 4 Billion CFU by Dr. Mercola
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